KI1101-2012-KD Lec03b OxidationReductionReactions

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Chapter 6. Oxidation Reduction Reactions

Achmad RochliadiProgram Studi Kimia

Institut Teknologi andung


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Summary Highlights

! Oxidation"Reduction #e$inition. %&oss and 'ain o$(lectron) &(O %&oss (lectron * Oxidation) + '(R

%'ain (lectron * Reduction)

! Oxidation State, Oxidation -umer.

! alancing Redox e/uation 0 Ion (lectron 1ethods.

! 1etal"Acid Reactions

! 1etal"#isplacement Reactions

! Oxidation 2 1olecular Ox2gen

! Redox Titration.


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3

Oxidation Reduction Reactions

! Oxidation"Reductions A&4A5S inole trans$ers

o$ (lectrons.

! Inole t7o processes0

Oxidation the loss o$ electrons %-a 8 -a

9

9 e"

) Reduction the gain o$ electrons %Cl

:9 :e"8 :Cl")

Ca%s) 9 : ;:O%l)8 Ca%O;):%s)9 ;:%g)

! Oxidizer* Oxidizing agent* receied the electrons

! Reducer*Reducing agent* donated the electrons


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ero

3. 1etal in 'roups =A, :A and Al hae 9=, 9: and 93respectiel2.

?. ; and @ in compound hae 9= and "=, respectiel2, in h2drida

; is "=


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6

Special Rules

!I$ there is a con$lict et7een t7o rules apply the rulewith the lower number and ignore the conflicting rule

! In inar2 ionic compounds 7ith metals, the nonmetals

hae oxidation numers e/ual to the charges on their

anions! -ote that $ractional alues o$ oxidation numers are

allo7ed


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our Turn!

4hat is the oxidation numer o$ @ atoms in @:OD

A. 9=

. 9:

C. 93#. 9?

(. none o$ these


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E

our Turn!

4hat is the oxidation numer o$ P in ;3PO3D

A. 9=

. 9:

C. 93#. 9?

(. none o$ these


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=F

our Turn!

4hat is the oxidation numer o$ O atoms in;:O:DA. "=

. ":

C. "3#. "?

(. none o$ these


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==

"alancing Redox Reactions: #on$%lectron &ethod

=. Identi$2 the hal$"reactions

:. alance each atom in the hal$ reaction,saing ; and O $or last

3. alance O 2 adding = 7ater molecule $oreach needed O

?. alance ; 2 adding = ;9ion $or eachneeded ;


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=:

"alancing Redox Reactions: '(ont)*


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=3

! The simplest 7a2 to alance reactions in asicsolution is to $irst alance them as i$ the2 7ere in

acidic solution, then GconertH to asic solution

! Additional Steps $or asic Solutions

. To oth sides o$ the e/uation, add the same

numer o$ O;"ions as there are ;9.

E. Comine ;9 and O;"to $orm ;:O

=F. Cancel ;:O molecules that are on oth sides o$

the reaction.

"alancing "asic Reactions


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:F

Reactions Of &etals #n Non$oxidi-ing Acids

! 1etals can e replaced in a compound 2 h2drogen

ion 7hen the2 react 7ith acid

! In this case, ;9is reduced so that the metal can e

oxidi>ed

! Onl2 metals more actie than ; can undergo thissingle"replacement t2pe reaction

! Jn%s)

9 :;Cl%a/)

8 JnCl:%a/)

9 ;: %g)

! Cu%s)9 ;98-R

! @e%s)9 :;9

%a/)8@e:9

%a/)9 ;:%g)


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::

Oxidi-ing Acids (an React &ost &etals


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Zn > H > Cu

! sing the $ollo7ing oserations, rank thesemetals $rom most reactie to least reactie

! Cu%s)9 ;Cl%a/)8 no reaction

! Jn%s)9 :;Cl%a/)8 JnCl:%a/)9 ;:%g)! 1g%s)9 JnCl:%a/)8 1gCl:%a/)9 Jn%s)


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KI1101-2012-KD Lec03b OxidationReductionReactions

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