Key Territorial Acquisitions The Louisiana Purchase, the Florida Purchase, the Northwest Territory...
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Key Territorial Acquisitions The Louisiana Purchase, the Florida Purchase, the Northwest Territory treaty, the annexation of Texas, and the Mexican Cession How did the U.S. get all of the land we have today??
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Transcript of Key Territorial Acquisitions The Louisiana Purchase, the Florida Purchase, the Northwest Territory...
Key Territorial Acquisitions
The Louisiana Purchase, the Florida Purchase, the Northwest
Territory treaty, the annexation of Texas, and the Mexican Cession
How did the U.S. get all of the land we
have today??
The U.S. in 1830
3
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1776
• Great Britain
• US declared independence from Great Britain
A - 13 Original Colonies
4
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1783
• Great Britain
• Part of results of Treaty of Paris (ended Revolutionary War)
B
B - Western Lands
Louisiana PurchaseEvents
• Jefferson asked about buying the land around New Orleans to help farmers along the Miss. River who needed to transport their products downriver to the French port of New Orleans.
Motives• It was too costly to
transport the goods across the Appalachian Mountains.
More Events• Jefferson authorized
the foreign ministers to offer $10 million for New Orleans More Events
• France surprised Jefferson by offering him the entire area of Louisiana for $15 million
Louisiana PurchaseGeographic Features
• Mississippi River• Mountains –
Rocky & Appalachian
(label both on map)• Port city
Color in the Louisiana
Territory on the map below
8
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1803
• France
• Napoleon needed $
• Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans
• He got all of this instead!
B
C - Louisiana Purchase
C
Florida PurchaseEvents
• Was the result of friction between Spain & the U.S. over boundary lines of the Louisiana Territory
Motives• Relations with the
Native Americans also impacted the U.S.’s desire for the land
More Events• Spain sold Florida to the U.S. in exchange
for $5 million and a clear border between the Louisiana Territory & New Spain
Florida PurchaseGeographic
Features• Port city
Color in the Florida purchase on the
map below
11
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1819
• Spain
• Andrew Jackson invaded
• Spain then sold it to US for $5 million
B
D - Florida
D
C
Northwest Territory Treaty
Events• Also called the
Oregon Treaty• The U.S. claimed
the territory based on the explorations of Lewis & Clark
• Britain also claimed the area
Motives• Initially, Americans in
search of economic opportunity in the fur trade moved to the area
• The farmers that followed the fur traders wanted to be part of the U.S.
More Events• After much negotiation,
this treaty was a compromise with Great Britain to avoid war
More Events• If the US had gone to
war over this land, they would have been in TWO wars: Mexican War for Texas was going on at the same time
• The treaty set the northern boundary between the US and Canada
Northwest TerritoryGeographic
Features• Mountains,
rivers, woodlands
Color in the Northwest
Territory on the map below
15
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1846
• Great Britain
• Claimed by four countries (G. Britain, Russia, Spain, & US)
• Americans demanded “54° 40’ or fight!”
• Britain compromised 49° & US accepted
B
F - Oregon Territory
D
C
E
F
The Annexation of TexasEvents
• Came almost a decade after the Texan War for Independence from Mexico
• Prior to Texan independence, American southerners accepted Mexico’s invitation to move into the Texas Territory
• These cotton planters agreed to become Mexican citizens and to follow Mexican laws (but allowed slavery) in order to have access to more fertile land for cotton
Motives• When a new
dictatorial Mexican government enforced its control over Texas, including the outlawing of slavery, Texans rebelled
• Texans then wanted to become part of the U.S.
The Annexation of TexasMore Events
• At first, the U.S. would not annex Texas because of the balance of free & slave states. Texas remained an independent country for 9 years but was annexed under President Polk.
Geographic Features• Port city• Fertile land• Border to
Mexico
Color in Texas on the map
18
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1845
• Republic of Texas (Independent Country)
• Texas independent from Mexico in 1836
• Northerners feared it would become a slave state
• Fears finally overcome in 1944 Presidential election
B
E - Texas
D
C
E
Mexican Cession
Events• Was the territory that
the U.S. acquired as a result of winning the Mexican War
• The Mexican War was the result of Manifest Destiny, the desire for Pacific ports, and the annexation of Texas
Motives• The U.S. wanted a port
on the Pacific coast in the Mexican territory of California
• Pres. Polk tried to buy this land, but the Mexicans would not sell
Mexican CessionMore Events
• After Texas was annexed, the U.S. sent American troops into an area on the border of Texas that the Mexican government also claimed as their own
• Shots were fired and a war started
• The U.S. invaded Mexico and defeated the Mexican Army
• The treaty that ended this war ceded Mexican territory in what is now New Mexico, Arizona, California, Utah, and Nevada in return for $15 million
• Gave the US Pacific ports and gold fields of California (soon to be discovered!!!)
• Americans also helped the Mexican citizens in CA declare their independence from Mexico
Mexican CessionGeographic Features
• Port cities on the Pacific Coast
• Fertile land• Gold to mine
Color in the Mexican Cession on the map below
22
US Territorial Expansion
A
When?
From Where?
Why?
• 1848
• Mexico
• Polk offers to buy G from Mexico & they refuse
• War!• US wins• In Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo, US offers $15 million for G
B
G - Mexican Cession
D
C
E
F
G
