KEY SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS Jacques LABRE Vice – President Relations with...

KEY SUCCESS FACTORS forWATER REUSE PROJECTS

Jacques LABREVice – President Relations with Institutions

Suez [email protected]

18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 2

Sources for this presentation

Outcome of a workshop held during the World Water Congress of International Water Association in Vienna (September 2008) “Water Reuse : How to make things happen”

Experience of Suez Environnement companies (Degrémont , United Water …) in the implementation of water reuse projects globally( Italy , Mexico , Qatar , California …)


Issues about reuse of urban wastewater do vary according to regions

« South » « North »

Situation of reuse Spontaneous direct reuse in periurban agriculture

Direct reuse is marginal « Indirect reuse » is the common situation

Major objectives Improve « traditional » practices so as to reduce health risks

Reduce pressure on natural water bodies Protect public health

Major obstacles Lack of infrastructureLack of finance

Social acceptance


Indirect water reuse : common situation

Source : T. Asano

Irrigated farmland

(indirect reuse)

Irrigated farmland

(direct reuse)


Key messages from Vienna

1. Waste water reuse must be considered as part of an integrated water resources management policy in a given area

Quality standards should be consistent for direct and indirect reuse

Quality of reclaimed water must be customized to users’ needs

2. The appropriateness of the institutional framework is critical , since the success of a reuse project requires the support of many stakeholders groups

social acceptance of urban reuse is a matter of trust between the citizens and water authorities

3. The cost of water reclamation must be shared between water users and taxpayers in a way that reflects the multiple benefits of the projects

Direct water reuse (vs abstraction from natural bodies) will develop only if potential users have an incentive (or an obligation) to do so


Reuse as part of Integrated Water Resource Management


Catchment Management

Water Reuse

Surface Water

Groundwater

Water Trading

Desalination

Smarter use of Water

Australian vision : the toolbox


Reuse is the ultimate process of the waste water management chain

Tunisia case• Global situation

368 km3/year wastewater collected

160 km3/year wastewater treated 7,1 km3/year (4,5%)

reclaimed


Need for a consistent approach between direct and indirect reuse : case of the Apulia region (Italy)

10.000 UCF/mlE. Coli

11

E. Coli


Customization of reclaimed water : the case of West Basin municipal water district (USA)

The plant provides additional treatment to 50 million m3/year of treated effluent from the City of Los Angeles

Five different qualities of water are produced for diverse uses:• Industrial MF, RO , Nitrified

- Refineries- Boiler feedwater- Cooling tower water

• Irrigation Tertiary- Landscape (golf courses, etc.)

• Municipal Tertiary- Street cleaning

• Commercial MF- Toilets & urinals

• Aquifer recharge (Seawater Barrier) RO


West Basin Water Reuse Facility (Southern California)


Stakeholder participation as a key driver for success


Water reuse is less energy intensive than desal … Compared energy requirements

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Waste water reclamation(tertiary)

Waste water reclamation(quaternary)

Seawater desalination RO

Seawater desal RO1 + RO2

kWh/m3


… but reuse projects are more difficult to implement than desalination

• Desalination is the most straightforward option to produce additional freshwater

• Water reuse projects are politically complex- involve many stakeholders- health standards more stringent - perception problems , sensitivity to media campaigns

Therefore a participative process is key• Involvement of all stakeholders from the beginning (general

public, health people, users of reclaimed water, environmental associations, etc …)

• Trust in the authority / operator delivering the reclaimed water

• Marketing approach with commercial clients for reclaimed water


Equitable cost sharing


Range of costs for water reuse (without distribution cost)

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6

Integral recycling (zerodischarge - industry)

Quaternary treatment /Groundwater recharge

Tertiary treatment /Process water for industry

Tertiary treatment /use inlandscaping

Secondary treatment /restricted irrig

Informal in nearbyagriculture

US$/m3


Source :Institutional and economic framework of water reuse in Costa Brava – Dalmau & Sala

Tariff policy of the public authority (Consorci de la Costa Brava) : reclaimed water may be

Non-billable, when reclaimed water is used in the public interest ; expenses are covered by the Catalan Water Agency (77%). Examples• Aquifer recharge for resource augmentation and

for seawater intrusion control• Environmental reuse in wetlands • Irrigation for farmers who have had their resources

reduced to favour the production of drinking water Billable, when there is a private end user (23%) .

Average price : 0.12 €/m3 .Examples:• Golf courses• Farmers , wineries

Sharing cost of water reclamation between water users and taxpayers : case of the Costa Brava (Spain)


Conclusion : key success factors

A change of mentality:• from “treating wastewater so it can be

discharged” to “reclaiming it so it can be reused”

A good balance between• regulatory obligations and economic incentives• precautions for health protection and promotion

of a “recycling economy”• sound technical project and smart communication

KEY SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS Jacques LABRE Vice – President Relations with...

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