Key Question 3:
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Key Question 3:
How and why did the economic, social, and political status of
African Americans change from 1754-2000?
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Slavery Review
Brainstorm everything you can about life as a slave
Share with a partner and write down new information
Use note sheet you just made and describe for me the life of a slave
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Ex- SlavesEx- Slaves
New Freedom, reuniting familiesNew Freedom, reuniting families Education, rightsEducation, rights Political influence, votingPolitical influence, voting SharecroppingSharecropping – landowners dividing up – landowners dividing up
land for poor whites and Af-Americans to land for poor whites and Af-Americans to work.work.
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Big ChangesBig Changes
3 Constitutional Amendments3 Constitutional Amendments• 1313thth Amendment – Abolition of Slavery Amendment – Abolition of Slavery
• 1414thth Amendment – All races gain citizenship Amendment – All races gain citizenship
• 1515thth Amendment – All races can vote Amendment – All races can vote• Note: Literacy Tests and Poll Taxes were used as Note: Literacy Tests and Poll Taxes were used as
ways to prohibit people from votingways to prohibit people from voting
QuestionQuestion: How have these amendments : How have these amendments changed your life personally? Explainchanged your life personally? Explain
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Response to 13th Amendment
Freedmen’s Bureau• Essentially created sharecropping
• Tried to educate blacks on how to read and write
• Provided some form of legal counsel
• Disbanded when funding ran out
Black Codes Ku Klux Klan Enforcement Acts
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Response to 14th Amendment
Black Codes• Keep from voting
Ku Klux Klan• Fear into heart of blacks
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Response to KKK Backlash
Enforcement Acts• protected blacks’ right to vote
• to hold office
• to serve on juries
• receive equal protection of laws
• The laws also said that if the states failed to act and enforce these laws, the federal government had the right to intervene.
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Racism
Racism – treating someone differently because of the color of their skin
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Restrictions of Freedom
The “Slaughter House Cases” 1873 1876 Compromise D.W. Griffith’s film Birth of a Nation
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Jim Crow’s creation
Dred Scott Decision-blacks were property
Plessy v. Ferguson – created separate but equal
Segregation – separating the races• Schools, neighborhoods, waiting rooms,
public facilities
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Life after Sharecropping
Booker T. Washington and the Tuskegee Institute
William Du Bois and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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Other Responses
Marcus Garvey • Back to Africa Movement
• Garveyism inspired later
movements
A. Philip Randolph• Fought to end segregation during
and after WWII
• Leader in March on Washington
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Great Migration
The “Great Migration”• African Americans flocking to the north to gain
factory jobs
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Harlem Renaissance
African American voice in the Arts Jazz – Louis Armstrong Writers focusing on the lives and
struggles of African Americans• Langston Hughes
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Change Must Happen NAACP – National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People• Thurgood Marshall - lawyer and leader
Brown v. Board of Education in Topeka, KS• Got rid of separate but equal
• Linda Brown – little girl who had to travel across town to go to school
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Montgomery Bus Boycott - 1955 Rosa Parks – wouldn’t give up her seat to a white man
• Kicked off bus and arrested
Bus Boycott – refuse to use• Alternative methods of transportation
• Question: what other ways could people get around town if they didn’t have a bus?
Martin Luther King Jr. – little known preacher, leader, “non-violence”
381 days later the bus company gave in
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Moving Toward Equality Integration – bringing the races together Central High School – Little Rock, AR, 1957
• National Guard Ordered to STOP integration
• Eisenhower ordered integration University of Alabama – 1963
• Gov. George Wallace stood in the doorway to stop Af. American students
Question: why do you think these students wanted to go to these schools so bad?
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Protests
Sit-ins – protest by sitting down Civil Disobedience – not obeying laws you feel
are unjust Freedom Riders – patrol bus system Question: if you wanted to make real change in a
law, rule or policy, how would you protest it? March on Washington
• MLK – “I have a dream…”
• 250,000 people
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Violence Erupts
Riots – protest turned Violent• Watts 1965, Detroit 1967, others
• Police Brutality – violence against citizens by law enforcement officers
Malcolm X – Nation of Islam Stokely Carmichael – “Black Power” Black Panthers – Oakland, CA
• To protect the Af. American Community
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Opinion
Why do you think that some people chose non-violence in the civil rights movement and others chose violence?
Which do you think is the better choice? Why?
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Sad Truth
MLK – assassinated outside hotel in Memphis, TN by James Earl Ray
Malcolm X – assassinated by one of his followers
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More Progress
Civil Rights Act 1964 Voting Rights Act 1965 Civil Rights Act 1968 Activity: Summarize what these laws did
using your textbook. Affirmative Action – making special efforts
to hire and enroll members of groups who have been discriminated against.
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Modern African American Relations
Are minorities accepted in modern culture, why or why not?
Are there any stereotypes presented through the print media about minorities? How so?
What message is the modern media telling America about cultures?
Rodney King Affair Have we reached MLK’s dream? Will we
ever?