Key findings from the 2014 Illicit Drug Reporting System · 2019. 12. 5. · Key findings from the...
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Key findings from the 2014 Illicit Drug Reporting System Funded by the Australian Government under the Substance Misuse Prevention and Service Improvement Grants Fund Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney Monday 20 th October 2014 Jenny Stafford and Lucy Burns
Transcript of Key findings from the 2014 Illicit Drug Reporting System · 2019. 12. 5. · Key findings from the...
Key findings from the 2014 Illicit Drug Reporting System
Funded by the Australian Government under the Substance Misuse Prevention and Service Improvement Grants Fund
Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney Monday 20th October 2014 Jenny Stafford and Lucy Burns
IDRS: Key results for 2014
Participant Eligibility
Injected in the last 6 months
In the “market” for the past year
Sampled from needle and syringe programs, outreach, clinics, snowballing
Around 100 participants from each jurisdiction
Participant characteristics
2013 N=887
2014 N=898
Mean age (years) 40 (18-66) 41 (18-67)
% Male 64 69
% Single 53 56
% Unemployed 84 83
% Currently in treatment 47 47
% Prison history 56 55
Mean age first injected (years) 20 20
57%
1%
1%
34%
7%
NSP
Treatment provider
Street press
Word of mouth
Other
Participant recruitment
Drug of choice (%)
53 54 53 50
20 21 23 24
2
8 10 7
5 5 5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% P
WID
Heroin Any methamphMorphine Cannabis
Drug injected most last month (%) IDRS:
43 42 40 41
26 25 25 30
11 10
15
22↑ 16 16 17
16
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% P
WID
Heroin Any methamphIce/crystal Morphine
↑ Significant increase between 2013 ands 2014 (p<0.05)
Recent drug use (%)
60 66
72
16
60
70 73
12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Heroin Methamphetamine Cannabis Cocaine
% P
WID
2013 2014
IDRS:
Mainly ice/crystal Mainly hydroponic
Mainly used in NSW
Median days of use (%)
72 72 60 72
19 22 24 24
5 3 3 2
180
160 170
96↓
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2011 2012 2013 2014
% P
WID
Heroin Any meth Cocaine Cannabis
IDRS: Significant increase - number of days recently used ice/crystal
12 days to 20 days in 2014
↓ Significant decrease between 2013 ands 2014 (p<0.05)
Recent methamphetamine use (%)
55
34 30
35
22
13 12
43 37
55 61↑
76
60 66
70
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
% P
WID
Speed Base Ice/Crystal Any Methampetamine
IDRS:
↑ Significant increase between 2013 ands 2014 (p<0.05)
Indicator data – weight and number of detections of crystalline methamphetamine at the Australian border
IDRS:
83 154
233
2
124 55
14
225 115
36 64
160
1,456
14 30 17 12 18 20 133 76
27 88
160 171
1,084
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
Num
ber o
f det
ectio
ns
Wei
ght i
n ki
logr
ams
Weight Number
Source: Australian Customs and Border Protection Services
Recent use of other drugs (%)
38 36
48
64
37 33
46
63
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Morphine Oxycodone Methadone Benzodiazepines
% P
WID
2013 2014
IDRS:
Purity and Availability
PURITY of heroin and methamphetamine
13
7 10
49
21
32 30
29
63
35
60
50 46
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Heroin - purity
High Medium Low
19
13 22 23
29
62
32
46 44 40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Methamphetamine - purity
Speed - High Ice - High
PURITY/POTENCY of cocaine and cannabis
16 21
29
46
32
49
36 33
0102030405060708090
100
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Cocaine - purity
Cocaine - High Cocaine - Medium
63 59 58 55
22 17 20
27 22
0102030405060708090
100
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Cannabis -potency
Hydro - High Bush - High
AVAILABILTY of heroin and methamphetamine
88 89
85
63
75
84
91
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Very easy/easy to obtain
Speed Ice
93
72
87
85
89
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Very easy/easy to obtain
Heroin
AVAILABILTY of cocaine and cannabis
62
80
54
81
65
70 72
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Very easy/easy to obtain
Cocaine
92 89 93 87
78
67 74 76
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% P
WID
Very easy/easy to obtain
Hydro Bush
Injecting risk behaviours, mental health and criminal activity
Injecting risk behaviour and problems, 2013-2014 (in the last month)
2013 2014
% Borrowed a needle 7 6
% Lent a needle 11 12
% Shared equipment (excludes needles) 24 25
% Re-used own needle 40 41
% Re-used injecting equipment (excludes needles) 52 56
% Scarring/bruising 37 37
% Difficulty injecting 33 37
% Dirty Hit 11 9
Mainly mixing spoons
Self-reported mental health problems (last 6mths), 2013-2014
2013 2014
% Self-reported mental health problem 44 44
Problem reported: N=388 N=346
% Depression 66 68
% Anxiety 46 48
% Manic-depression 10 13
% Schizophrenia 15 15
Attended a health professional for self-reported mental health problem^ (%)
74 72
^ among those who self-reported a mental health problem
Criminal activity, 2013-2014 Crime in the last month: 2013 2014
% Drug dealing 23 25
% Property 18 18
% Fraud 2 4
% Violence 3 5
% Any Crime 36 38
% Arrested in the last 12 months 32 33
Recent ice use versus no recent ice use (in last 6 months)
Recent use vs. no recent ice: demographics, 2014 Recent Ice
(N=547) No recent Ice
(N=349)
% Male 71 66
Median age (years) 40 43
% English speaking 95 96
% Single 58 52
% Heterosexual 89 91
% Unemployed 86 79
% Completed trade/tech qualification* 47 43
% Prison history 58 54
% Currently in drug treatment 48 45
* Significant difference (p<0.05)
Recent ice vs. no recent ice: recent drug use, 2014
60
37
17 16
82
68
48
33 38
17 25
9 15
64 60
19
5 6
61 55
43 45
25
10 12
3 2
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
% o
f re
cent
use
Recent ice (N=547) No recent ice (N=350)
* Significant difference (p<0.05)
Mean age first injected Recent ice – 19 years
No recent Ice – 21 years
Recent ice vs. no recent ice: injecting risk behaviours, 2014
Recent Ice (N=547)
No recent Ice (N=349)
% Borrowed a needle* 8 3
% Lent a needle* 15 7
% Shared other injecting equipment# 27 22
% Re-used own needle * 45 35
% Re-used own injecting equipment# 54 65
% Self-reported injecting problems 64 52
# includes spoons, water, tourniquets and filters * Significant difference (p<0.05)
Mainly mixing spoons
Recent ice vs. no recent ice: Self-reported mental health problems (last 6mths), 2014
Recent Ice (N=547)
No recent Ice (N=349)
% Self-reported mental health problem* 47 27
Problem reported: N=253 N=94
% Depression 67 70
% Anxiety 47 52
% Manic-depression 12 16
% Schizophrenia 17 9
% Panic 11 11
% Paranoia* 9 2
% Drug Induced Psychosis* 9 1
% Attended a health professional for self-reported mental health problem
74 66
* Significant difference (p<0.05)
Recent ice vs. no recent ice : crime in the last month, 2014
46
32
21
6 6
40
27
15 15
3 2
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Any crime* Dealing* Propertycrime*
Violence* Fraud* Arrested last12mths*
% c
rime
in th
e la
st m
onth
Recent ice (N=535) No recent ice (N=343)
* Significantldifference (p<0.05)
(1) IDRS summary
Demographics • Mean age 41yrs, mainly male, single, unemployed Drug use • Heroin main drug of choice and the drug injected most in the last
month • While there was no change to recent any methamphetamine use,
an increase in use and frequency of use of the form ice/crystal was found
• Recent heroin and cocaine remained stable • Recent cannabis use remained stable but frequency of use
decreased
(2) IDRS summary
Purity and availability • Purity varies by drug • Availability was generally ‘very easy/easy’ to obtain for all drugs
Recent ice user • Younger and unemployed • More likely to recently use a variety of drugs – polydrug use • More likely to borrow, lend and re-use needles • Report injecting problems such as bruising/scarring • More likely to self report a recent mental health problem • More likely to report crime in the last month and an arrest in the
last 12 months
For more information please visit the NDARC ‘Drug Trends’ website
http://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/group/drug-trends
