A New Operating Concept to Enhance Wells Turbine Performance
KEY CONCEPT Social behaviors enhance the benefits of living in a group.
-
Upload
lael-murray -
Category
Documents
-
view
21 -
download
1
description
Transcript of KEY CONCEPT Social behaviors enhance the benefits of living in a group.
27.4 Social Behavior
KEY CONCEPT Social behaviors enhance the benefits of living in a group.
27.4 Social Behavior
Living in groups also has benefits and costs.
• Social behaviors evolve when the benefits of group living outweigh its costs.– benefits: improved
foraging, reproductive assistance, reduced chance of predation
– costs: increased visibility, competition, disease contraction
• Group living requires learning social structure and membership.
27.4 Social Behavior
Social behaviors are interactions between members of the same or different species.
• Animals use communication to keep in contact.– visual – sound – touch – chemical
27.4 Social Behavior
• Courtship displays are used to evaluate the fitness of a potential mate.
• Defensive behaviors are used to protect the individual and/or the group.
27.4 Social Behavior
Some behaviors benefit other group members at a cost to the individual performing them.
• There are many types of helpful social behavior.– cooperation– reciprocity – altruism
27.4 Social Behavior
• In altruism, an individual reduces its own fitness to help other members of its social group.– inclusive fitness– kin selection
27.4 Social Behavior
Eusocial behavior is an example of extreme altruism.
• Eusocial species live in large groups of mostly nonreproductive individuals.– haplodiploid species: social insects (wasps, bees, ants)
Queen Minor worker Major worker
– diploid species: termites, snapping shrimp, naked mole rats
• Eusocial behaviors likely evolve by kin selection.