Kentucky Pest News November 23, 2010
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Online at: www.uky.edu/KPN Number 1253 November 23, 2010 ANNOUNCEMENT -IPM Training - March 2 FIELD CROPS -Results of County Stink Bug Survey – Year 1, 2010 ANNOUNCEMENT IPM Training – March 2 By Patty Lucas Mark your calendars now for the 2011 IPM Training to be held on Wednesday, March 2, at the UKREC in Princeton. We will start at 9 am and end at 3:00 pm. Application will be made to offer CEU’s for Certified Crop Advisors and pesticide education hours. More details will be provided in Kentucky Pest News after the Ne w Year. FIELD CROPS Results of County Stink Bug Survey – Year 1, 2010 By Doug Johnson, Ric Bessin, Jerry Brown, Clint Hardy, Carla Harper, Tim Hendrick, Darian Irvan, Cam Kenimer, Tom Miller, Andy, Mills, Traci Missun, and Diane Perkins Kentucky is beset on all sides by invasive stink bugs. Whether or not these non-native species will be important in our agriculture is yet unsure, but what is undeniable is the f act that they will arrive here and some of them soon! Objectives: We have two objectives with this study. First, to develop a r obust data set describing stink bugs found in field crops. Of specific importance is establishing the species FRUIT -Stone Fruit Perennial Canker present and their relative numbers one to another, before the arrival of the several invasive species that are headed toward us. Second, to sample for the presence of several invasive species that will possibly be destructive to Kentucky’s crops. Methods: To fulfill these objectives we established survey locations in the following twelve Kentucky counties: Ballard, Boone, Caldwell, Carlisle, Carroll, Daviess, Fayette, Fulton, Hancock, Hickman, Meade, Oldham. Ten of these counties were chosen for their location on the borders of Kentucky (Ohio and Mississippi rivers). The remaining two counties (Caldwell & Fayette) were selected because they contain UK-College of Agriculture experiment farms. In each county three soybean fields were selected by the County Extension Agent for Agriculture and Natural Resources (CES-ANR). In each soybean field, beginning with the onset of the reproductive stages, a series of 100 sweeps were taken with a 15” sweep net in each of four successive weeks. A single sweep was composed of the sweeping across the rows in a figure “8” pattern. Insects were separated from plant material, collected, placed into 95% ethyl alcohol and held in a cool location until picked up for identification. Stink bugs were counted and identified to species. Species identifications were made by Drs. Bessin and Johnson based on McPherson and McPherson 2000. Lexington, KY 40546
Transcript of Kentucky Pest News November 23, 2010
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Online at: www.uky.edu/KPN
Number 1253 November 23, 2010
ANNOUNCEMENT
-IPM Training - March 2
FIELD CROPS-Results of County Stink Bug Survey – Year 1,
2010
ANNOUNCEMENT
IPM Training – March 2 By Patty Lucas
Mark your calendars now for the 2011 IPM
Training to be held on Wednesday, March 2, at
the UKREC in Princeton. We will start at 9 am
and end at 3:00 pm. Application will be made to
offer CEU’s for Certified Crop Advisors and
pesticide education hours. More details will be
provided in Kentucky Pest News after the New
Year.
FIELD CROPS
Results of County Stink Bug Survey – Year 1,
2010 By Doug Johnson, Ric Bessin, Jerry Brown,
Clint Hardy, Carla Harper, Tim Hendrick,
Darian Irvan, Cam Kenimer, Tom Miller, Andy,
Mills, Traci Missun, and Diane Perkins
Kentucky is beset on all sides by invasive stink
bugs. Whether or not these non-native specieswill be important in our agriculture is yet unsure,
but what is undeniable is the fact that they will
arrive here and some of them soon!
Objectives: We have two objectives with this
study. First, to develop a robust data set
describing stink bugs found in field crops. Of
specific importance is establishing the species
FRUIT
-Stone Fruit Perennial Canker
present and their relative numbers one to
another, before the arrival of the several invasive
species that are headed toward us. Second, tosample for the presence of several invasive
species that will possibly be destructive to
Kentucky’s crops.
Methods: To fulfill these objectives we
established survey locations in the following
twelve Kentucky counties: Ballard, Boone,Caldwell, Carlisle, Carroll, Daviess, Fayette,
Fulton, Hancock, Hickman, Meade, Oldham.
Ten of these counties were chosen for their
location on the borders of Kentucky (Ohio and
Mississippi rivers). The remaining two counties(Caldwell & Fayette) were selected because they
contain UK-College of Agriculture experiment
farms. In each county three soybean fields were
selected by the County Extension Agent for
Agriculture and Natural Resources (CES-ANR).In each soybean field, beginning with the onset
of the reproductive stages, a series of 100
sweeps were taken with a 15” sweep net in each
of four successive weeks. A single sweep wascomposed of the sweeping across the rows in a
figure “8” pattern. Insects were separated from
plant material, collected, placed into 95% ethylalcohol and held in a cool location until picked
up for identification. Stink bugs were countedand identified to species. Species identifications
were made by Drs. Bessin and Johnson based on
McPherson and McPherson 2000.
Lexington, KY 40546
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RESULTS & Discussion(Note: photos of these stink bugs may be viewed
at: KPN No. 1242, Aug.10, 2010
http://www.ca.uky.edu/agcollege/plantpathology
/extension/kpnindex.htm)
Species Collected:Brown stink bug Complex: brown stink bug,
Euschistus servus (Say); dusky stink bug,
Euschistus tristigmus (Say); onespotted stink bug, Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de
Beauvois). We expected to find these species,
but to the best of our knowledge, before this
project we did not have any data on their
distribution or relative numbers of one species toanother in Kentucky soybean fields.
Green stinkbug complex: green stink bug,
Acrosternum hilare (Say), and redshoulderedstink bug, Thyanta sp. Again, we expected to
find these species, but to the best of our
knowledge before this project we did not have
any data on their relative numbers or statewide
distribution. We did believe from experience
that the green stink bug would be the dominantspecies in terms of numbers. The redshouldered
stink bug is an unlikely pest of soybean and corn
in KY. However, it could become important
because it is easily mistaken for the redbanded
stink bug (an invasive).
Predatory stink bugs: spined shoulder bug
(group), Podisus sp. This predatory stink bug
was found in relatively small numbers as was
expected.
Important stink bugs not found: Perhaps more
important than what we found are those species
which we did NOT find.
Southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.)This insect is known to very occasionally occur
in TN (particularly west TN) and would not be abig surprise to find in KY. It has been the major
stink bug pest in the “deep south”. We are quite
happy not to have collected any.
Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha
halys (Stal)[ Note:This stink bug has been
detected in Kentucky. See Kentucky Pest News
No. 1251, Oct. 26, 2010,
http://www.ca.uky.edu/agcollege/plantpathology
/extension/kpnindex.htm].
Redbanded stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), and the Bean platastid, Megacopta
cribraria (Fabricius). These bugs (the bean
plataspid is not technically a stink bug) are
invasive species and occur in neighboring states
(or in the case of the bean plataspid is moving
outward from N.E. GA). The brownmarmorated is already in eastern and central
KY. We are likely to see it across Kentucky as it
moves with people. It is most likely to occur
first in urban areas with interstate connections.
All of these stink bugs have the potential to be
important pests of our field, fruit and vegetablecrops.
In total we collected 659 stink bugs. Certainly,
the green stink bug complex (472 individualscollected) was much more common than the
brown stink bug complex (184 individuals
collected). As expected the most common
individual species was the green stink bug, with
317 collected. This was just short of ½ the total
collection. The Rarest stink bug was Podisus sp.,
spined solider bug (a predator), with just 2
collected. It is a bit disappointing that wecaptured so few predators. However, the result isnot unexpected.
Future Efforts: We expect to repeat this survey
in 2011 & 2012. Additionally, we intend to add
about four to six counties to fill in gaps along
the Ohio River, the western portion of the KY-
TN border and along the I-64 corridor into
Figure 1. Location of counties surveyed for stink bugs in
2010.
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Note: Trade names are used to simplify the
information presented in this newsletter. No
endorsement by the Cooperative Extension Service is
intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products
that are not named.
Figure 2. Peach perennial canker showing the sunken,
dead area surrounding the dead bud or twig where the
infection likely began.
Figure 3. Tiny black fungal pycnidia can be found in the
canker (C. Kaiser photo).
Figure 4. This stone fruit tree has developed callus "rolls"
as a defense in response to perennial canker disease (APS
photo).
Figure 5. Gum formation in a perennial canker on plum.
Note the dark brown glob of gum between the two
amber-colored globs of gum.
