K12-B Reservoir Engineering and Monitoring3 K12-B Reservoir Engineering and Monitoring Lyon,...
Transcript of K12-B Reservoir Engineering and Monitoring3 K12-B Reservoir Engineering and Monitoring Lyon,...
Bert van der Meer, Senior Reservoir Engineer
CASTOR Meeting, Lyon, WP 3.3
K12-B Reservoir Engineering and Monitoring
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Outline
• Introduction• Reservoir Engineering
• History Match• Temperature Profile
• Monitoring• Tracer• Tubing integrity
• Conclusions
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K12-B monitoring programme
• Situation is considered as the best possible seal and leakage through it is considered highly unlikely.
• Monitoring is mainly focussed on the integrity of the wells…• and also on tracking CO2 migration and gas mixing in the reservoir.
• Downhole pressure and temperature• Tracers combined with production and injection rates• Downhole fluid chemistry• Geophysical logs• Seabed and shallow surveys*• Surface geochemistry*• Back-production tests*
* Ongoing activities, outside CASTOR
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Gas ProductionInitial Gas in Place: 14.4 BCM
Gas Produced (01/01/2007): 12.3 BCM
Remaining reserves: 0.4 BCM
CO2 content: 13 %
Amine wash down to 2% CO2
In production since 1987
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Introduction –Offshore Location
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Introduction –K12-B Compartments
• Single well compartment
• CO2 Injector and gas producer
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Introduction –Reservoir Engineering• Total system = two parts
• Well bore behavior (Poiseuille flow)• Reservoir flow (Darcy type of flow)
BHP from PB
THP, Q
BHP*, temp?
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TEST 1 History match past performance K12-B8
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time [days]
Gas
pro
du
ctio
n r
ate
[Nm
3/d
]
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
350.00
400.00
Pre
ssu
res
[bar
]
gas
w hp
BHPcal
OBSstat
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History match past performance (2)
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Time [days]
Gas
pro
du
ctio
n r
ate
[Nm
3/d
]
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
350.00
400.00
Pre
ssu
res
[bar
]
gas
w hp
BHPcal
OBSstat
BHPest.
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History match past performance (3)
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
150 170 190 210 230 250250.00
255.00
260.00
265.00
270.00
275.00
280.00
285.00
290.00
295.00
300.00
305.00
310.00
315.00
320.00
325.00
330.00
335.00
340.00
345.00
350.00
gas
w hp
BHPcal
OBSstat
BHPcal
BHPest.
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Injection test
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01-05-04 01-06-04 01-07-04 01-08-04 01-09-04 01-10-04 01-11-04 01-12-04 01-01-05 01-02-05
Time [date]
Bot
tom
hole
pre
ssur
e [b
ar]
Simulator P
Run 1 - P
Run 2 - P *
Run 3 - P
Run 4 - P
Run 5 - P *
Run 6 - P
Run 7 - P
Run 8 - P
Run 9 - P
Run 10- P
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Temperature profile wellbore
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
Pressure [bar]
Tem
pera
ture
[deg
.C]
Upwards run
Downwards run
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Temperature profile wellbore
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Temperature profile wellbore (2)
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.050 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000
Time [sec]
Der
ivat
ive
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Tem
pera
ture
[d
eg.C
] / P
ress
ure
[bar
]
Deriv. Temp
Deriv. Pres
temp [deg.C]
pressure [bar]
event. Line
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Temperature effects
Subsurface heated-up by gas production
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Tracers
PMCP1,3-PDMCH
fluorine
carbon
PMCP1,3-PDMCH
fluorine
carbon
2 tracers arrive at nearest well (~420m) after about 4 months
PMCP & 1,3-PDMCH - K12-B1
0
5E-11
1E-10
1,5E-10
2E-10
2,5E-10
3E-10
3,5E-10
4E-10
4,5E-10
5E-10
01-m
ars-0
5
01-m
ai-05
01-ju
il-05
31-a
oût-0
5
31-o
ct-05
31-d
éc-05
02-m
ars-0
6
02-m
ai-06
02-ju
il-06
01-se
pt-06
Con
cent
ratio
n (L
/L)
PMCP1,3-PDMCH
Tracers used to monitor front movement of injected native CO2
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Tubing integrity logsRepeated after 1 year: log differences.
Combinations of corrosion or erosion mechanisms usually cause a dramatic increase in the rate of metal loss compared to the summation of separate mechanisms
2005 – 2006 - 2007
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Conclusions
• CO2 injection first time in the Netherlands• Past performance modeled and explained• CO2 injection without problems and as
predicted• CO2 breakthrough is slow and gradual
• For info: www.k12-b.nl
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Acknowledgements
• GDF Production Nederland B.V. and partners- EXPRO North Sea- DRC
• Dutch Government (CRUST, CATO, MONK)
• European Commission (CASTOR, CO2GEONET)