/k/ Therapy/k/ Therapy/k/ Therapy/k/ Therapy

By : Shannon A. RossBy : Shannon A. RossJuly, 25, 2005July, 25, 2005

30 minute Session30 minute SessionIndividual TherapyIndividual Therapy

Ages: 3-5Ages: 3-5

ASHA Guidelines• Providing prevention, screening,

consultation, assessment and diagnosis, treatment, intervention, management, counseling, and follow-up services for disorders of:– Speech (articulation, fluency,

resonance, and voice including aeromechanical components of respiration).

Behavioral Objectives

• The client will correctly produce the /k/ phoneme while playing the Road Trip game with 80 percent accuracy.

• The client will correctly produce the /k/ sound with 85% accuracy during the Assessment Test.

Content• Characteristics of /k/

– Voicing =Voiceless– Place= Velar– Manner = Stop – Normal Age of Production 4 to 5

years of age.

Content• Most Common Mis-articulation

– /t/ for /k/ substitution

• Examples – Cake –Take – Corn – Torn – Knock- Knot

Content• Cause – The tip of the tongue is

elevated to the alveolar ridge.• Correction- Use a mirror or a

tongue depressor to show how the tongue should remain lowered to produce a correct /k/ sound.

Possible Questions1)Are the vocal folds vibrating when

producing the /k/ sound? - No

2)Is this phoneme a Stop?– Yes

3)What are examples of the /k/ sound?– Cap, School, Bike, Back, Kite

PracticeRoad Trip Game– At each flower the client will have to

correctly produce the /k/ sound in the number of flash cards that is represented on the flower. Each word must be repeated twice.

– The clinician must play also, and ask the client if their /k/ sound was produced correctly. This will increase awareness.

Assessment• Clinician will administer an

assessment articulation test and of their choice and score the results (looking for an 85% improvement).– Weiss Articulation Test– Goldman-Fristoe Articulation Test– Photo Articulation Test (PAT)

Homework• Give the client a list of vocabulary

to practice working on • If parents are willing participants

then also send home a copy of the BINGO worksheet.

Materials Needed• Blanket• Cars• Articulation cards• Articulation Test• Vocabulary words• Bingo worksheet

References• American Speech-Language-Hearing

Association (2001). Scope of practice in speech-language pathology. Rockville, MD

• Bauman-Wagner, J. (2004). Articulatory and Phonological Impairments (2nd ed). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.