[K] · 2020. 11. 24. · Chameleon Kickoff Meeting Dr. Ludmila Carone Interior recognized as...
Transcript of [K] · 2020. 11. 24. · Chameleon Kickoff Meeting Dr. Ludmila Carone Interior recognized as...
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Exoplanets in 3D
[K]
~ km/s
L. Carone @ Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg (MPIA)
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to determine the wind structure?
● Phase curves
Josh Winn
You will see different parts or phases of the highly irradiated planetary day side
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
The case of uperrotation
2002
Prediction by GCMShowman & Guillot 2002
2007
Observations byKnutson et al. 2007
Showman & Polvani 2011
2011
Rossby waves
Kelvin waves
2 km/s strong wind jets (>10x than Jupiter)
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Caveat: 3D models have some problems
Recalibration of Spitzer data
Blue and liliac (WRONG):Recalibration of Spitzer data (Diamond-Lowe+ 2014)e.g. Line et al. 2016 HST/WFC3 Spectroscopy Zellem+2014
TiO
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to tame the (too) superrotation?
Clouds(many openquestions →
Ch. Helling)
Parmentier+2016
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How deep do the jets go?
100 bar
WASP-43b HD 209458b
Carone,Baeyens et al. 2020aLower boundary has to be AT LEAST at 700 bar(with potential to go at least down to 1500 bar)
(Rot -3.5 days)(Rot-0.83 days)
10 bar
Very long simulation times: 10 000 days (compared to 400 days)
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Interior recognized as important issue in 3D climate models
● Models may not be deep enough and run-times are too short (Carone,Baeyens+2020a)
● Review Showman+2020 :arXiv:2007.15363
“Understanding the interactions and couplingbetween the photospheric level dynamicsand interior dynamics is a pressing need”
● Wang &Wordsworth, 2020 (reproduced Carone+2015)“Results on the circulation of tidally locked exoplanets with thick atmospheres may need to be revisited.”
Ludmila Carone3D – Circulation on Exo-Earths3D – Circulation on Exo-Earths
TRAPPIST-1d – (Anti-)Brewer-Dobsonclock-wise circulation Anti-clockwise circulation
Strong Weak
-90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 PoleLatitude [degrees]
Pole EQ
10-3
Pole EQLatitude [degrees]
Pre
ssu
re [
bar
]
10-1
100
10-2
Surface friction (Carone+2016)
(Carone+ 2018)
[kg/s]1011
1010
109109
-109
-1010
-1011
Similar to Yates+2020 Confirmed by Chen+2020
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to connect to formation in exoplanet atmospheres?
Zeile 1 Zeile 2 Zeile 3 Zeile 40
2
4
6
8
10
12
Spalte 1
Spalte 2
Spalte 3
Artist impression: Oph-IRS 48 (van der Marel+2013, ESO/L. Calçada)
TimeMany processes
Interpretation
Climates,Composition,Surfaces
1D →
3 D
Deep layers are key!Carone+ 2020a,b – gas planets
I. Kamp
Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
3D climates
● It's complicated, but necessary● Check your boundary conditions or else ...