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Juvenile Wood in Pines. Overview Basics Of Wood Production What Is Juvenile Wood Characteristics...
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Transcript of Juvenile Wood in Pines. Overview Basics Of Wood Production What Is Juvenile Wood Characteristics...
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Juvenile Wood in Juvenile Wood in Pines Pines
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Overview
• Basics Of Wood Production
• What Is Juvenile Wood
• Characteristics
• What influences Juvenile Wood
• What Are The Problems With It
• How To Manage It
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Basics of Wood Basics of Wood ProductionProduction
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Tracheids
• Structure
• Functions– Water transport in the xylem– Support– Storage
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Growth Rings
• Trees produce two types of rings during the a growing season
• Spring Wood (early wood)
• Summer Wood (late wood)
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What is Juvenile What is Juvenile WoodWood
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Where it is Found
• First set of growth rings extending out from the pith of the tree
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When it is produced
• Is highly variable between species, stands, and individuals
• It is produced by all tree, but species and site location play a large part in determining its impact
• Can be between 3 to 20 years average of 10 years
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CharacteristicsCharacteristics
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Growth rings
• Wide growth rings
• Ring Age
• Uniformity
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Tracheid characteristics– Wall thickness and tracheid diameter– Tracheid length– Angle
Growth rings
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Specific Gravity– Less summer wood in Juvenile wood– Much lower specific gravity
Growth rings
Tracheid characteristics
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What influences What influences Juvenile WoodJuvenile Wood
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• Competition
• Live crown
• Growth rate
• Geographic location
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ProblemProblem
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• Strength
• Shrinkage
• Compression wood formation
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Tanzania
• South African Forestry Journal – No. 172 March 1995 p 19-23
• Indigenous lumber sources were insufficient for the needs of the country
• Plantation of Pinus patula
• 60,000 ha planted
• 49% of stems consisted of Juvenile wood
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How to manage for How to manage for Juvenile WoodJuvenile Wood
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Stand density
• Initial spacing
• Spacing and thinning
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Fertilization
• Increases foliar mass and photosynthetic ability
• Decrease in summer wood production and specific gravity
• Less pronounced in mature wood
• Promotes spring wood production
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Irrigation
• Early application has same results as seen with fertilization
• Promotes spring wood production
• Late application prolongs cambial activity
• Promotes summer wood production
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Removing Competing Vegetation
• Early removal promotes seedling growth
• Continued removal into the pole stage to reduce competition and increase growth, but promotes juvenile wood
• Juvenile wood produced for a longer period of time, but higher specific gravity
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Summary
• Juvenile wood is in all trees, but can be a problem in rapid growing pine species
• It is influence by competition, live crown, growth rate and location
• It can be managed by controlling stand density, fertilization, irrigation, and managing competing vegetation