Just Married: User Centered Design and Agile
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JUST MARRIEDMemi Beltrame
phpDay Verona May 13th 2011
User Centered Design and Agile
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Working on the web since 1997+10 years of php Degree in cinematographyFilm & photo enthusiast
I work for Liip in ZurichWe do Agile Web DevelopmentI run the UX Team
About me
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Bringing UCD and Agile together.
It‘s a process ofChange Management
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Nobody likes change.
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Be prepared:It‘s a long process
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Be prepared:You‘ll find a lot of obstacles
You‘ll hear a lot of excuses
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Be prepared:You‘re in for a ride full ofself-doubt & trust issues
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Be prepared:You can‘t do it alone
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Be prepared:Every single person has to be
informed, involved & motivated
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This talk is about what it takes to bring UCD and Agile together
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User Centered Design?
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User = most likely not you or me
or the customer
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No User Centered Designwithout research.
• Who are your users?
• How do they tick?• What are their tasks?
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User Centered: Business objectives based on
satisfying user-needs
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New Paradigm: The return is generated by
offering real value to real users
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Business Centered: Business objectives based on
organizational constraints
„Our site must show all products by type“
„We want to have more traffic“
„We want to centralize our websites“
In contrast to
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Design? Be careful.
Design ≠ Grafic Design
- Information design- Workflow design- Functional design- Interaction design- Grafic design
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User Centered Design and Development
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User Centered Design
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UCD is often perceived as a waterfall process
The problem is not the UCD process
The problem is its integration
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The the standard project structure
ImplementationDesign
Handover
FAILYour implementation may be agile.This global structure is not.
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User Centered Design and Agile have to be one process.
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Design is too important to leave it to designers.
Development is too important to leave it to developers.
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The Agile Approach
Implementation Design
It‘s all about involvement.
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Involvement
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Aim for:Early developer involvement
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Make Developers take part in the Ideation Process
Involvement
Implementation Design
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What happens in theideation process?
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User Centered Designfollows the 5S Pattern
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The Process
Mission, Focus Groups
Personas, Tasks
Workflows, Information Architecture
Prototypes, Design Patterns
Screens
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Well executed UCD is an iterative process of refinement
Research > Ideate > Test > AdaptResearch > Ideate > Test > Adapt
Research > Ideate > Test > Adapt
Research > Ideate > Test > AdaptResearch > Ideate > Test > Adapt
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How Developers can contribute during ideation
Involvement
• Help finding good and technically viable solutions
• Help avoiding conceptual failures due to technical limitations
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Benefits of early developer involvement:
• Higher identification with the users, costumer & project
• Less knowledge transfer needed
• Higher acceptance, because they could help & contribute
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Aim for:Constant designer involvement
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Make Designers take part in the Development Process
Involvement
Implementation Design
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What happens in thedevelopment process?
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The translation of a concept into a product
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Product Backlog
Sprint Backlog
Sprint(n days)
24hDaily
Meeting
Product Increment
BacklogTasks
SprintPlanning
SprintReview
The Agile Process
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How Designers can contribute during implementation
Involvement
• Design reviews
• Coaching & pair design
• Defining and verifying design deliverables
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Benefits of constant designer involvement:
• Quality Assurance of usability & design
• Developers have a design coach• Less refactoring due to bad interface
implementation
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Important possibilities of early developer involvement
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Strategy Have developers assist the creation of the projects Mission and establishing the Focus Groups
Important possibilities of involvement
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Scope Have developers take part in the creation of the Personas and in the definition of their main Tasks.
Important possibilities of involvement
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Structure This is the moment when a lot of prioritization happens: - workflows are defined - the relevant vs the costly are evaluated
Let the developers help make these evaluations
Important possibilities of involvement
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Structure Important possibilities of involvement
Cost
Business relevance
Task
Task
Task
Task
This helps developers in getting a feeling for:
• What matters to the user
• What matters tothe customer
Task
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Skeleton Important possibilities of involvement
Make developers review prototypes
Have developers sit in prototype-testing sessions
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Surface Important possibilities of involvement
Make developers review visual designs
Give developers functional prototypes of complex interactions.
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Important possibilities of constant designer involvement
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Definition of done Important possibilities of involvement
Take the user experience and user centered design view into account when formulating the DoD.
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Sprint planning Important possibilities of involvement
Have a designer review the user stories
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User StoriesImportant possibilities of involvement
Have designers watch & label user stories
This works for virtual and physical boards.
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Dailies Important possibilities of involvement
Have designers take part
They will know what is going on and they can help with impediments
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Reviewing Work Important possibilities of involvement
Have designers review the work done
Here is where labeling becomes important and allows designers to be autonomous.
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Usability TestingImportant possibilities of involvement
Have designers set up usability tests
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Empowerment
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Collective Code Ownership Agile
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Collective Design Ownership UCD & Agile
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Empower developers to understand design decisions
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Empower developers to make responsible design decisions
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Have design principles
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Design principles for developers:
1. Be consistent2. Give humanoid feedback3. Minimize distractions
4. Observe alignments & orientations5. Group elements according to function6. Use color and form to convey meaning7. Offer undo8. Details are not just details:
They make the product, so honor them.
makeyourown!
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Usability Testing
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Very uncomfortable topic.
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Developer concern #1:
The race condition
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Usability testing racing condition
Tests for sprint 1
done during sprint 2
have effect on sprint 3
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BUT: • Features are almost never evolve linearly
• Topics of sprints differ from one sprint to another
• Usabilty Testing during the same sprint creates unneccessary stress
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A lot of excuses.
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„It‘s not in the budget“
It costs virtually nothing- Hallway/guerilla testing- Remote testing
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„Didn‘t you test the prototype“
Would you drive a car that relies on prototype testing?
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„We don‘t want others to see what we are working on“
You don‘t want others to be excited about your
new product?
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„We know it works.“
You never know until you know.
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Inform, Involve & Motivate
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Inform- Who- What- Why- Coach
Involve- Meet up- Assign tasks- Empower- Network
Motivate- Give Control- Be Positive- Celebrate- Show respect
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Thanks!
I‘m @bratwurstkomet
This talk: liip.to/UCDagile
liip.ch * memibeltrame.ch