June 27, 2003 China-Korea Workshop on LLL (WBI-KRIVET), Seoul, Korea1 Technology in Education and...

June 27, 2003 China-Korea Workshop on LLL (WBI-KRIVET), Seoul, Korea

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Technology in Education and Lifelong Learning

Gwang-Jo KimWorld Bank


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Outline• Lifelong Learning (LLL)• ICT and Development• ICT and WB’s Education Projects• Issues and Implications


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Learning in the Knowledge EconomyThenInformation basedRote learningTeacher directedJust in case Formal education onlyDirective based Learn at a given ageTerminal education

NowKnowledge creation/applicationAnalysis and synthesisCollaborative learningJust in timeVariety of learning modes Initiative basedIncentives, motivation to learnLifelong learning


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A System of Lifelong Learning

• Align system around learner needs/incentives • Raise quality by changing content (core skills),

pedagogy and recognition system• Develop variety of financing mechanisms:

equitable, affordable, sustainable, market-based• Articulate cross-Ministerial, lifelong learning

strategy while building diverse partnerships


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Global Education Market

• Total: US $ 2.2 trillion (2003)* Global GNI in 2001 : US $30 trillion • one third of market in USA

• approx 15% only in the developing world• 20% of world’s 6 billion enrolled in some form of

education• 5% of global labor force in teaching profession


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E-learning Market• Grown from $4.3bn (2000) to $7bn

(2003) • Distance education students represent 15% of all

higher education students• Fastest growth subsector is tertiary education - Asia (3.5m), Europe (0.9m), LAC (1m),..• In US, 19% of corporate training was on-line in 2002• Involvement of private sector (Cisco, Oracle, IBM,

Virgin) 2.5 million certificates


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Factors Driving E-LearningDemand

• Rapid obsolescence of knowledge & training

• Need just-in-time training delivery• Search for cost-effective ways of

meeting learning needs • Skills gap & demographic changes -

new learning models• Demand for flexible access to

lifelong learning

Supply• Internet access becoming standard at

work & home• Advances in digital tech. - interactive,

rich content• Broadband & better delivery make e-

learning attractive• Growing selection of high-quality e-

learning• Technology standards facilitate

compatibility & usability


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Limitations of Technology for Learning

• Wireless access to information misses problem• Not information that is lacking

• Acquisition of important experience• Most e-learning is attempt to put books on a

computer interrupted by a multiple choice test (Roger Schank)

• Learning software puts dull materials on a web page


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Technology in WB’s Education Projects

• Access, quality, capacity building, knowledge sharing

• Lending Programs with ICT components• Non-lending analytic and advisory work: Country knowledge assessment and

implications for education sector


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10 Years Ago

• Type of technologies: textbooks, audio-visual aides, radio, TV/video, micro-computers

• Primary schools: serving existing students• Secondary and higher: distance education• VTE: initial phase of adoption • Barriers to implementation: technological

environment, administration capacity, political receptivity (sustainability)


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Now• Type of technologies: Education technology (PCs,

Internet, connectivity, VC..), distance education and EMIS

• 76% of new education projects include technology component - 40% of new dollar lending

• Distance education proportion: 57%• Most common mode: putting computers and H/W • Too much “expectation” rather than barriers -

Jordan, Mauritius


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Education Technology Lending

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1998 $644

2000$835

$millions


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Technology Components in WB’s Education Projects

14.3216.45

11.74

40.49

17.74

-

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1997 1998 1999 2000 TotalFiscal Year

%

74

74

75

75

76

76

77

77

78

78

%

Percent of $ Volume Percent of Number of Projects


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Technology Component Breakdown

-

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

1997 1998 1999 2000 Total

Fiscal Year

Perc

ent

Distance Education Education Technology EMIS


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Challenges of Technology in LLL

• Policy framework: skills, pedagogy, governance arrangement (articulation, recognition), financing strategies

• Costs: highest in the least developed world• Benefits: what counts is usage not

availability (PISA)• “…cost a lot and accomplish little.”


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Some Reflections• LLL demands more but “smarter”

investment in education technology• Expectation is high; impact has yet to be

demonstrated • Better tracking of education technology

programs in the context of LLL and KE is needed

June 27, 2003 China-Korea Workshop on LLL (WBI-KRIVET), Seoul, Korea1 Technology in Education and...

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