June 2011

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A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

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The Down and DirtyIn the water well industry, understandingOSHA’s Focus Four hazards is a must,page 19Also inside:Naturally occurring asbestos, page 30

The Down and Dirty

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6 Editor’s NoteKeeping Up in a World Zipping By

52 Water Well PersonalitiesLiving His Dream

Member of BPA Worldwide.The Water Well Journal (ISSN #0043-1443) is published monthly by the National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081.Printed and mailed at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and additional mailing offices. Postal acceptance: Periodical (requester subscription circulation) postage paidat Westerville, Ohio, and at additional mailing offices.Postmaster: Send address changes to Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081.Canada Post/ Publications Mail Agreement #40739533. Return address: 4960-2 Walker Rd., Windsor, ON N9A 6J3.

Vol. 65, No. 6June 2011

www.ngwa.org


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IN EVERY ISSUE

About the coverJohn Buehler of F.E. Buehler & Son Inc. in Warrington,Pennsylvania, operates the drill of a Schramm T455iwith i-CONTROL for a geothermal installation neartheir office. Photo by Ryan Bennett of Schramm.

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Water Well Journal June 2011 3/Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Page 19

19 The Down and DirtyBy Mike Price

When it comes to the water well industry,understanding OSHA’s Focus Four hazardsis a must.

23 Avoiding Slips, Trips, and FallsBy Thomas G. Dolan

It’s not as simple as it sounds.

27 Common Pump ProblemsBy Jennifer Strawn

Industry pump installers and suppliers weigh inon what they see at job sites.

FEATURED ARTICLES

7 Your Feedback8 In This Issue10 Industry Newsline15 The Log16 Web Notes54 Coming Events56 Newsmakers58 Featured Products60 Classified Marketplace71 Index of Advertisers72 Closing Time

DEPARTMENTS

Advancing the expertiseof groundwater professionals

and furthering groundwater awareness.

Executive DirectorKevin McCray, CAE [email protected]

NGWA PresidentArt Becker, MGWC

Director of Publications/EditorThad Plumley [email protected]

Associate EditorMike Price [email protected]

CopyeditorWayne Beatty [email protected]

Production and DesignJanelle McClary [email protected]

AdvertisingShelby Fleck [email protected] Wiles [email protected]

Contributing WritersEd Butts, PE, CPI; Donald W. Gregory;David T. Hanson; William J. Lynott;Michelle Nichols; Christine Reimer;Al Rickard, CAE; Jill Ross; Ron Slee;Stuart A. Smith, CGWP; Lana Straub;and Jennifer Strawn

Publishing Oversight CommitteeChairman Theodorosi ToskosPatricia BobeckRichard ClarkePaul C. Johnson, Ph.D.David LarsonKaren MadsenBrent MurrayDeborah PostMichael SalvadoreFrank Schwartz, Ph.D.

Editorial, Advertising, & Publishing Offices601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081(800) 551-7379 Fax: (614) 898-7786Selected content from Water Well Journal is indexed onGround Water On-Line™ at www.ngwa.org/gwonline

©Copyright 2011 by the National Ground WaterAssociation. All rights reserved.


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30 Safety Matters by Victor J. D’Amato, CIH, CSPNaturally Occurring AsbestosU.S. EPA’s first public health emergency can put drillersat risk.

34 Engineering Your Business by Ed Butts, PE, CPIPump Impellers: Part 3Detailing the most fundamental—and important—element of centrifugal pumps.

40 Transfer of Technology — Expanded Seriesby John L’EspoirWriting Specs for a New RigThis is no time to pretend or lie to yourself. Know yourfull drilling and casing program before you start towrite.

46 The After Market by Ron SleeDon’t Look Now, But It’s Coming BackInflation is raising its ugly head.

48 Savvy Selling by Michelle NicholsClassic Selling MistakesA surreal, error-ridden exchange with a surly vendoris a case study on how to avoid common sales slip-ups.

50 Your Money by William J. LynottTax-Sensitive InvestingInvestors need to know strategies to minimize the taxeson their portfolio.

The views expressed in the columns are the authors’ opinions based on their professionalexperience.

FEATURED COLUMNISTS

Our circulation is audited,ask for a statement today.

An APEX award winnereight consecutive years with19 total awards, most in thegroundwater industry.

4/ June 2011 Water Well Journal Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Page 40

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NO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERNO OTHERIn a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps In a world of look-alike, sound-alike pumps

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A.Y. McDonald Mfg. Co.Circle card no. 1

Ferris Bueller fa-mously said “Lifemoves pretty fast.

If you don’t stop andtake a look around oncein a while, you mightmiss it.”It’s a great quote from

a great comedy—criminally underratedin this movie watcher’s opinion. How-ever, the line also shows the film wasmade in 1985. It’s hard to find time tostop right now.After all, this is the era of “Life

comes at you fast.” And if you stop,what will you see when you’re lookingaround? Technology, news, competitors,and innovations—all zipping right on by.

Water Well Journal is doing its partto help you keep up in the fast-movingworld. It is debuting this month its ownWeb site that is filled with content idealfor groundwater industry professionals.Please head to www.waterwelljournal

.com. There, you will not only findarticles from the current issue, but anewsline updated daily so you can beaware of the latest happenings in yourprofession.There will also be classified advertis-

ing that enables you to link directly tothe manufacturer, searchable buyersguides, blogs by myself and AssociateEditor Mike Price, and much more.And what you see—and I hope book-

mark so it’s convenient for you to bea regular visitor—will be far from thefinished product. In the coming monthsthere will be Web-only content thatwill complement what is in the printedpublication.And if a Web site updated daily is not

fast enough for you, Water Well Journal

has joined the world of Twitter. If youare among the millions of people Tweet-ing, please begin following the publica-tion @WaterWellJournl.NGWADirector of Advertising and

Exhibit Sales Vickie Wiles, Price, andmyself Tweet multiple times a day withthe latest industry news, details aboutthe publication, sales opportunities, andother interesting notes.It’s an incredible time in our world.

A recent study from the University ofSouthern California estimates the aver-age person is exposed to the data equiv-alent of 174 newspapers—every day!And that number is climbing. The totalis five times more than it was in 1986.That is why we want to provide you

news and information as easily as possi-ble so you can service your customers.Whether it is via a print publication thathas been the industry standard for 65years, online on an interactive Web site,or through a Tweet you read on yoursmart phone, Water Well Journal willprovide you the news you need.The different methods are not a case

of providing more news to you; it’s sim-ply providing it in the easiest way possi-ble for you to access. And when we dothat, who knows? You might just endup with a little time to stop and lookaround.


EDITOR’S NOTE DisclaimerWaterWell Journal and the National GroundWater Association provide information forguidance and information purposes only. Thispublication is not intended to provide invest-ment, tax, or legal advice.The information contained herein has been

compiled from sources deemed reliable and itis accurate to the best of our knowledge andbelief; however,WaterWell Journal and theNational Ground Water Association cannotguarantee as to its accuracy, completeness,and validity and cannot be held liable for anyerrors or omissions. All information containedherein should be independently verified andconfirmed.

WaterWell Journal and the NationalGround Water Association do not accept anyliability for any loss or damage howsoevercaused in reliance upon such information.Reader agrees to assume all risk resulting

from the application of any of the informationprovided byWaterWell Journal and the Na-tional Ground Water Association.Trademarks and copyrights mentioned

withinWaterWell Journal are the ownershipof their respective companies. The names ofproducts and services presented are used onlyin an educational fashion and to the benefitof the trademark and copyright owner, withno intention of infringing on trademarks orcopyrights.No endorsement of any third-party prod-

ucts or services is expressed or implied by anyinformation, material, or content referred to intheWaterWell Journal.

Subscriptions/Back IssuesFor questions, changes or problems with yoursubscription call Sharren Diller. Subscriptions:Water well contractors and other qualifiedgroundwater industry personnel in U.S. andCanada — free; others in U.S. — $105 per year;$15 per copy. Canada – $120 per year; $24per copy. International: $140 per year; $35 percopy. Subscriptions available through NGWAoffices only. We reserve the right to refusesubscriptions to anyone not directly engagedin the groundwater industry. Claims for miss-ing issues must be made in writing withinthree months of publication and will be sub-ject to the availability of back issues.

Advertising DisclaimerAdvertisers and advertising agencies assumeliability for all content (including text, repre-sentation, and illustrations) of advertisementsprinted and also assume responsibility for anyclaims arising therefrom made against thepublisher. The publisher reserves the right toreject any advertising that it believes is not inkeeping with the publication's standards or isdeemed unsuitable or misleading.

Advertise your products and services to the groundwater industry’smost influential readership.Call Shelby Fleck and Vickie Wiles in the NGWA sales department at(800) 551-7379.● Approximately 25,000 readers every month.● More than 19,000 are groundwater contractors. Approximately 4000 residein professions also allied to the field.

● Readers reside in every state, Canada, and other international locations.● Circulation is audited by BPAWorldwide. Ask for a statement.

Thad Plumley is the editor of WWJ anddirector of publications at the NationalGround Water Association. He can bereached at [email protected] andon Twitter @WaterWellJournl.

Keeping Up in a World Zipping By

Vickie Wiles

Shelby Fleck

On ScheduleAssociate Editor Mike Price followed

up on the feature he wrote in the Novem-ber 2009WWJ issue, “Serious AboutChange,” which focused on Ball StateUniversity in Muncie, Indiana, convert-ing its campus to what is expected to bethe nation’s largest ground source geo-thermal heating and cooling system.Ground broke on the multi-year proj-

ect on May 9, 2009 and calls for nearly3600 boreholes distributed throughouttwo separate fields as part of a closed-loop system that will circulate waterthrough heat pump chillers and thenroute it into two district loops—a hotwater loop and a cold water loop—run-ning throughout the 660-acre campus.Price caught up with James W. Lowe,

PE, director of engineering and opera-

tions at Ball State.Lowe oversees thecampus mainte-nance, engineering,construction, andheat plant/chilledwater plant staff,and provided an up-date on the project.The university

remains on schedulefor the start-up of phase one by the fallof 2011. As of September 2010, the1800 boreholes required for phase onehad been drilled.Phase one includes several construc-

tion projects running concurrently:● The construction of District EnergyStation North will be complete byJune 2011. This project includes theconstruction of the building that willhouse the heat pump chillers and thesystem pumps. All of the piping con-necting the 1800 boreholes to theheat pump chillers will enter thisbuilding. The hot water and chilled

water distribution piping for the cam-pus will originate from this building.

● Two 2500-ton York heat pumpchillers arrived in November of 2010and installation is nearly complete.

● Building HVAC modification/inter-faces needed to connect to the newdistribution system is under way.Construction will be completed bymid-summer 2011.

● Installation of the new hot waterdistribution system for phase oneis ongoing. Construction will becompleted by mid-summer 2011.Ball State will begin work on phase

two of the project later this year. Thedrilling of 600 of the boreholes requiredfor phase two will begin on the southside of campus in late fall 2011.

To view the feature article on BallState, search “Serious About Change”on www.ngwa.org. You will be directedto the article in NGWA’s database,Ground Water On-Line.

M UNCIE, Indiana—Under agun metal sky in late Septem-ber, rain begins to slowly pickup on the south drill site at Ball StateUniversity, making already messy workconditions even worse.It doesn’t seem to matter though asthree drilling companies from Indianacontinue working on phase one of theuniversity’s ambitious plans to slash itscarbon emissions and overall long-termenergy cost. To be completed in the nextfour years, Ball State is expected toboast the nation’s largest ground sourcegeothermal heating and cooling system.

Ball State’s conversion to a geother-mal-based heating and cooling system issupported by a United States Depart-ment of Energy study that suggests

widespread adoption of geother-mal technology within the U.S.could translate into a savings of$38 billion by 2030.Ground broke on May 9when U.S. Senator RichardLugar from Indiana ceremoni-ally drilled the first borehole.The plan calls for nearly 4000boreholes distributed throughouttwo separate fields as part of aclosed-loop system that will circulatewater through heat pump chillers andthen route it into two district loops—ahot water loop and a cold water loop—running throughout the 660-acre campus.

The geothermal project is expectedto cost about $70 million and have theability to efficiently heat and cool morethan 45 buildings. It will replace BallState’s four coal-fired boilers that wereinstalled close to 70 years ago.This “green” initiative that Ball Statehas boldly undertaken comes at a timewhen this country is searching for new

ways to sustain itself.No coincidence then that minutes be-fore I was taken on a tour of the southdrill site, the subject of sustainabilitywas raised, albeit in a roundabout way.� � �Inside a conference room, James W.

Lowe, PE, director of engineering andoperations at Ball State who overseesthe campus maintenance, engineering,construction, and heat plant/chilledwater plant staff, is discussing the geo-thermal project, pointing at diagrams

Mike Price is the associateeditor of Water Well Journal.He can be reached [email protected].

SERIOUS ABOUT CHANGE

SERIOUS ABOUT CHANGEBall State University is undergoing a monumental transformation

by having the nation’s largest ground source geothermal

heating and cooling system installed on its campus. By Mike Price

NGWA.org

Water Well Journal November 2009 23/

BALL STATE/continues on page 24

YOUR FEEDBACK

Have Something to Say?Do you want to comment on an articlethat you read in WWJ or somethinghappening in the groundwater industry?You can do so by sending your feedbackto WWJ Editor Thad Plumley [email protected].

CorrectionIn the article “Well Cleaning and Rehab:The Greener, More EnvironmentallyFriendly Way” in the April 2011 issue ofWater Well Journal the contact infor-mation for Aquifer Maintenance andPerformance Systems Inc. was incor-rectly provided. More information aboutthis company and its wellfield mainte-nance and management program can befound at www.ampsinc.biz.

James W. Lowe, PE

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

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Circle card no. 10Water Well Journal June 2011 7/

June marks National Safety Month and this issue of WaterWell Journal contains multiple articles dedicated to help-ing you be safe at your job site, office, or anywhere your

profession takes you.Associate Editor Mike Price writes about the Occupational

Safety and Health Administration’s Focus Four hazards inthe cover story titled “The Down and Dirty” on page 19.OSHA’s inspectors work off these hazards—slips, trips, falls, electrocutions, struck-by, andcaught-in-between—so understanding them iskey to prevent injuries, fatalities, and citations.These hazards have been identified as theleading causes of fatalities in the constructionindustry. Price speaks with water wellcontractors and a safety consultant about thesehazards, considered the greatest risk to the water well indus-try, as well as covering the shift in how OSHA is enforcing itsstandards. In an accompanying sidebar article Price highlightsSchneider Electric North America, which received the 2011Green Cross for Safety Medal for its outstanding achievementin workplace and off-the-job safety from the National SafetyCouncil.

Columnist Victor J. D’Amato, CIH, CSP, covers an emerg-ing concern in the latest installment of Safety Matters on page30. In “Naturally Occurring Asbestos,” he points out the

minerals that comprise asbestos are harmless when locked upin the earth’s crust, but when asbestos dust is released into theatmosphere by mining, excavation, or construction, they be-come dangerous and even deadly. He adds that it has been re-ported in at least 35 states and is particularly prevalent alongthe East Coast, the range of the Appalachian Mountains, andin northern California. He then provides tips on controllingexposures to naturally occurring asbestos and having a man-agement plan for work sites.

Freelance writer Thomas G. Dolan also highlights the im-portance of being safe on the job in “Avoiding Slips, Trips,and Falls” on page 23. He points out it is not as easy as itseems. Among the tips he passes on from industry profession-als are accounting for the weather at job sites, taking extra pre-cautions when setting up rigs and blocking in the work area,ensuring you always have safe and easy access to your equip-ment, and making sure you have a neat and orderly work site.

Making sure a water system will runsmoothly for years for homeowners isaddressed in an article by freelance writerJennifer Strawn. In “Common Pump Prob-lems” on page 27, she talks with industryinstallers and suppliers about what they seewhen they encounter calls of “I’m out ofwater.” Among the categories Strawn covers

IN THIS ISSUE

Mike Price

Jennifer Strawn

Circle card no. 49Twitter @WaterWellJournl8/ June 2011 Water Well Journal

is improper system design or sizing, electrical problems,check valve failure, and water quality issues. She also dis-cusses the importance of continuing education for pumpinstallers.

Columnist Ed Butts, CPI, PE, provides the third install-ment of a series on pump impellers in his latest EngineeringYour Business column. Starting on page 34, “Pump Impellers:Part 3” covers the various forces imposed on impellers duringoperation. The primary forces are axial forces, or the forcesnormal or parallel to the impeller eye, and radial forces, orthose forces that are exerted perpendicular to the impeller eyeand discharge. Butts states that it is important for system de-signers to have a basic understanding of these and providesdetails on how both function within pumping systems.

Price also profiles Tommy Gainey, the PGATour golfprofessional who is sponsored by A. O. SmithCorp., a global manufacturer of residential andcommercial water heating equipment, in thismonth’s Water Well Personalities article titled“Living His Dream” on page 52. Before mak-ing golf his career, Gainey wrapped insulationaround hot water heaters for A. O. Smith at itsplant in McBee, South Carolina.

IN THIS ISSUE

Circle card no. 30Water Well Journal June 2011 9/Twitter @WaterWellJournl

2011 NGWA Ground Water Expo and Annual Meeting

November 29–December 2Las Vegas, Nevada

®

“Step Ahead”“Step Ahead”” Educational offerings, an exhibit hall, networking opportunities, and much more will be taking place at this year’s leading groundwater industry event. Stay tuned to www.NGWA.org/expo for updates.at this year’s leading groundwater industry event. at this year’s leading groundwater industry event. Stay tuned to www.NGWA.org/expo for updates.

www.NGWA.org 800 551.7379 614 898.7791

Tommy Gainey

Circle card no. 12

INDUSTRY NEWSLINEConstruction EmploymentGrows in Some Metro Areas;Gains May Not LastConstruction employment increased

in 138 out of 337 metropolitan areasbetween March 2010 and March 2011,decreased in 153, and stayed level in 46,according to a new analysis of federalemployment data released on April 26by the Associated General Contractorsof America. But association officialssaid the industry’s five-year employ-ment slump is far from over and couldworsen as public construction windsdown.“Even with more metro areas adding

jobs than in any 12-month period sinceNovember 2007, the fact is most areasare far below previous construction em-ployment peaks,” says Ken Simonson,the association’s chief economist. “Withfederal stimulus, base realignment, andGulf Coast hurricane-protection projectsslated to end soon, many areas are atserious risk of another downturn in con-struction employment.”

Dallas-Plano-Irving, Texas, againadded more construction jobs (9800jobs, 10%) than any other metro areaduring the past year while Bay City,Michigan, added the highest percentage(25%, 200 jobs). Other areas adding alarge number of jobs included Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, Illinois (3900 jobs,4%); Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills,Michigan (2800 jobs, 10%); and north-ern Virginia (2600 jobs, 4%). Large per-centage gains also occurred in Flagstaff,Arizona (24%, 400 jobs); Elkhart-Goshen, Indiana (20%, 500 jobs);and Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux,Louisiana (18%, 900 jobs).The largest job losses were in At-

lanta-Sandy Spring-Marietta, Georgia(–6800 jobs, –7%) and New York City(–6800 jobs, –6%), closely followed byLos Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale,California (–6600 jobs, –6%). Lewiston,Idaho (–38%, –500 jobs) lost the highestpercentage. Other areas experiencinglarge percentage declines in construc-tion employment included Steubenville,

Ohio–Weirton, West Virginia (–26%,–500 jobs); Bend, Oregon (–16%,–500 jobs); and Lafayette, Louisiana(–15%, –1000 jobs).To view construction employment

figures by rank, visit www.agc.org/galleries/news/Metro-Empl-201103-Rank.pdf.

NGWA Member Gets Recognizedon NPR for Geothermal DrillingSuccessMichael Barlow, CWD/PI, president

of Michael Barlow Well Drilling Serv-ices Inc. in Bel Air, Maryland, wasfeatured by National Public Radio onMarch 30 for his company’s geothermaldrilling success.Barlow has been installing geother-

mal systems for 20 years, but he says a30% federal tax credit is increasing thepopularity of the systems for familieswith modest houses.“It used to be primarily the bigger

NEWS/continues on page 12

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homes. Now, it’s gotten down to whereit’s townhomes, small homes,” he saysin the NPR report. “We’ve done 1000-square-foot homes to 40,000- to 50,000-square-foot homes. Anybody can reallyafford it.”To read or listen to the full story, visit

NPR’s Web site at www.npr.org/2011/03/30/134602533/tapping-the-earth-for-energy-savings-year-round.

EPA Awards Over $2.8 Millionto Oklahoma for WaterImprovement ProjectsThe U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency has awarded the OklahomaOffice of the Secretary of Environmentmore than $2.8 million to support threeprojects in the state’s Clean WaterAction Plan. The first project will im-plement best management practices(BMPs) in three priority watershedsin Oklahoma. The second project willreduce the impact of nonpoint sourcepollution in Eucha Lake through the

establishment of floating wetlands. Thethird project will create a vegetated wet-land in the area where aquatic plantsgrow throughout the lake.These BMPs are land treatments that

prevent or mitigate runoff of nonpointsource pollutants from land into water-ways. The EPAworks with states andother partners to protect water from ex-cessive pollution and identify pollutionsources.For more information, visit the EPA’s

Web site at www.epa.gov/region6/gandf/index.htm.

Mid-Western Machinery Co.Acquired by Bramko SpecialtyProductsIn 2010, hydraulic rotary drill manu-

facturer Mid-Western Machinery Co.Inc. experienced financial difficultiesstemming from the economic recessionplaguing the manufacturing industry.Earlier this year, Mid-Western Ma-

chinery was acquired by Bramko Spe-cialty Products LLC. The company isnow operating under the name Mid-Western LLC. All manufacturingfunctions are now being performed inBramko’s manufacturing and fabricationfacility located in O’Fallon, Missouri,just outside of St. Louis.The former owner of Mid-Western

Machinery, Gregg Beechwood, said theacquisition would strengthen the com-pany and position them to see produc-tion levels experienced throughout thepast 20 years. Beechwood also feltBramko was a great fit for the fabrica-tion of Mid-Western’s hydraulic rotarydrill line.The now Mid-Western LLC has been

manufacturing drilling equipment formore than 65 years. Mid-Western offersa line of hydraulic rotary drills that canbe converted to fit just about any pieceof equipment. They offer rigs capable ofdrilling up to 300 feet, but leave a smallfootprint. They offer models that can fitthrough the standard 36-inch door frameall the way to trailer-mounted units.Mid-Western’s drills can be used formany different types of drilling, includ-ing geothermal and environmentaldrilling.

NEWS/from page 10

Circle card no. 17

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CertainTeed Contributesto Energy Star Awardfor Sustained ExcellenceCertainTeed Corp., through its parent

company Saint-Gobain, shares top hon-ors for its contributions to protecting theenvironment through energy efficiency.Following a two-year run as an

Energy Star Partner of the Year, thecompany received the 2011 Energy StarSustained Excellence Award, the highestlevel of recognition from the U.S. Envi-ronmental Protection Agency. Certain-Teed is the first and only fiberglassinsulation manufacturer whose contribu-tions have been recognized through theprogram.“At CertainTeed, we foster a holistic

culture of environmental responsibilityin every aspect of our operations,” saysPeter Dachowski, president and CEO.“Maximizing energy efficiency atour facilities is a top priority and wecommend our employees’ collectiveeffort to help protect and preserve theenvironment.”

Obama Administration AffirmsComprehensive Commitment toClean WaterRecognizing the importance of clean

water and healthy watersheds to thecountry’s economy, environment, andcommunities, President Barack Obama’sadministration released a national cleanwater framework on April 27 that show-cases its comprehensive commitmentto protecting the health of America’swaters. The framework emphasizesthe importance of partnerships and coor-dination with states, local communities,stakeholders, and the public to protectpublic health and water quality, and pro-mote the nation’s energy and economicsecurity.For nearly 40 years, the Clean Water

Act, along with other important federalmeasures, has been a cornerstone of theEPA’s effort to ensure Americans haveclean and healthy waters. The Obamaadministration’s framework outlines aseries of actions under way and plannedacross federal agencies to assure the in-tegrity of the waters Americans rely onevery day for drinking, swimming, andfishing, and that support farming, recre-

ation, tourism, and economic growth. Itincludes draft federal guidance to clarifywhich waters are protected by the CleanWater Act nationwide, partnerships andprograms to improve water quality andwater efficiency, and initiatives to revi-talize communities and economies byrestoring rivers and critical watersheds.To read more, visit www.whitehouse

.gov/administration/eop/ceq/initiatives/clean-water.

Construction to ExpandGroundwater ReplenishmentSystem Is ApprovedThe Orange County Water District

board of directors in Fountain Valley,California, voted to move forward withthe construction of the 30 million gallonper day initial expansion of the Ground-water Replenishment System.The overall budget is set at $156.2

million and the project will create an ad-ditional 31,000 acre-feet per year of new


NEWS/continues on page 14

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water supplies to serve north and centralOrange County. This would bring thetotal production of the GroundwaterReplenishment System to 103,000 acre-feet per year, enough water for 850,000people. Construction is estimated to becompleted in September 2014.“The Groundwater Replenishment

System initial expansion is an effectiveresponse to the federal mandate to de-crease California’s dependency on im-ported waters from the Colorado Riverby creating additional new water sup-plies,” says Claudia Alvarez, presidentof the Orange County Water District.“The Groundwater Replenishment Sys-tem initial expansion provides an effec-tive and fiscally sound response toissues presented by the contentious andcontroversial method of moving waterfrom northern California to southernCalifornia through the fragile Bay-Deltaecosystem.”The Groundwater Replenishment

System, a joint project of the OrangeCounty Water District and the OrangeCounty Sanitation District, takes highly

treated wastewater and purifies itthrough a three-step process that in-cludes microfiltration, reverse osmosis,and ultraviolet light with hydrogen per-oxide, resulting in near-distilled qualitywater. It is the world’s largest advancedwater purification facility of its kind,currently producing up to 70 milliongallons of new water every day.The internationally renowned facility

has garnered more than 20 awards, in-cluding the American Society of CivilEngineers 2009 Outstanding Civil Engi-neering Achievement Award for theyear’s most outstanding national engi-neering project, and the Stockholm 2008Industry Water Award for the year’smost outstanding international waterproject.

EPA Updates Web Tool ProvidingClean Water Violations andState Enforcement ResponsesThe U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency released updated data and amapping tool designed to help the pub-lic compare water quality trends overthe last two years. The Web-based inter-

active map includes “state dashboards”that provide detailed information foreach state, including information onfacilities that are violating the CleanWater Act and the actions states aretaking to enforce the law and protectpeople’s health.The public can examine and compare

information on the inspections conductedby both the EPA and the state in theirregion, violations and enforcement ac-tions in their communities over the pasttwo years, and the penalties levied inresponse to violations.In 2009, the EPA announced the

Clean Water Act action plan to improveClean Water Act permitting, enforce-ment, information collection, and publicaccess to compliance and monitoring in-formation. The state dashboards are apart of the action plan and are designedto provide information on Clean WaterAct violators and the government’sresponse.More information on interactive state

dashboards for Clean Water Act viola-tions can be found at www.epa-echo.gov/echo/ancr/us.

NEWS/from page 13

Operated by NGWA, NGWREF is a 501(c)(3) public foundation focused on conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater.

NGWREF is able to provide grants for the following projects this year:

To donate to the Developing World Projects Fund to help those who help others, visit www.NGWA.org or call 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791).

Thank you formaking a difference.


NGWA Seeks Nominationsfor Awards of Excellence:Who Inspires You?

Reinforce the value of your fellowgroundwater colleagues who have madea difference through their leadership,accomplishments, insights, and supportof the groundwater industry by nominat-ing them to receive an NGWAAward ofExcellence.NGWA annually recognizes individu-

als and companies with its Awards ofExcellence and Outstanding GroundWater Project Awards. Award recipientsare chosen based on their contributionsof service, innovation, research, safety,and projects of scientific and technolog-ical importance affecting the growth andwell-being of the groundwater industry.All NGWAmembers are eligible to

submit nominations. Please take amoment to look through the list ofcategories and award descriptions onNGWA’s Web site and nominate whoyou think is most eligible. Awarddescriptions, qualifications, andnomination forms can be found atwww.ngwa.org. All nominations mustbe received on or before August 1.If you have questions regarding the

NGWAAwards Program call NGWAAssistant to the Executive DirectorRachel Jones at (800) 551-7379 or(614) 898-7791, ext. 504, or [email protected].

NGWREF AnnouncesMarvin F. Glotfelty, RGas 2012 McEllhiney LecturerThe National Ground Water Research

and Educational Foundation (NGWREF)announced that Marvin F. Glotfelty, RG,will be the 2012 McEllhiney Lecturer.NGWREF is operated by the NationalGround Water Association as a 501(c)(3)public foundation.

Glotfelty is the co-founder and prin-cipal hydrogelogist with Clear CreekAssociates, a groundwater consultingfirm with offices in Arizona, California,and Virginia. He is also a licensed welldriller in Arizona and has served asthe technical director of the ArizonaWater Well Association since 1990. HisMcEllhiney presentation, “Life-CycleEconomic Analysis of Water Wells—Considerations for Design and Con-struction,” will show attendees howseemingly more expensive initial waterwell costs may actually pay for them-selves in the early life of the well, inaddition to providing ongoing dividendsin value and economics for many subse-quent years.The current McEllhiney Lecturer is

Tom Christopherson, program managerfor Nebraska’s Water Well Standardsand Contractors’ Licensing Program forthe Department of Health and HumanServices. The title of his lecture is “TheNebraska Grout Task Force Research:Unexpected Results—New Solutions.”A licensed water well drilling and

pump installation contractor, Christo-pherson’s summer schedule includestwo June presentations and one at theSouth Atlantic Jubilee on July 30 inMyrtle Beach, South Carolina.To see the complete schedule for

Christopherson or for more informationon the McEllhiney Lecture Series, visitwww.ngwa.org.

The McEllhiney Lecture Series inWater Well Technology is made possibleby a grant from Franklin Electric Co.

Diversify Your ProfessionalExperience, Become a CertifiedVertical Closed Loop DrillerAdvances in ground source heat

pump technology have emphasizedthe need for a voluntary certificationdesignation for ground source heatpump drillers, and NGWA is proudto offer its newest designation, theCertified Vertical Closed Loop Driller(CVCLD).This new designation reflects an

individual who has proven knowledge,skills, and experience in the construc-tion of a closed loop well system forground source heat pump applications.

By becoming a CVCLD, you will in-crease your company’s marketabilityover your competition.Exams for the CVCLD designation

can be scheduled by calling PSI Laser-Grade at (800) 211-2754 or (360) 896-9111 outside the United States. The75-question exam encompasses theskills and competencies reflected onthe Geothermal Vertical Closed LoopDrilling Operations DACUM.

Share Your Input to HelpDevelop NGWA BestSuggested PracticesNGWA has an ongoing need for vol-

unteers to participate in the formation ofnew industry “best suggested practices.”Participation includes limited reviewof documents and participation in bi-monthly online Live Meetings.NGWA is currently looking for pro-

fessionals with expertise in the follow-ing areas:● Perchlorate● Well and pump system operationand maintenance.Anyone who is interested in partici-

pating in these areas may contactNGWA Industry Practices AdministratorJonathan Jenkins at [email protected],or by phoning (800) 551-7379 or (614)898-7791), ext. 511. Upon completionof the best suggested practice, it will besubmitted to the NGWABoard of Direc-tors for adoption and made available foruse in the industry.

Share Your Knowledgeon NGWA’s The WellAn information exchange forum,

NGWA’s The Well is designed to im-prove communication among like-minded members. It offers an onlinemeans for exchanging ideas and allowsyou to benefit from the experience,knowledge, and wisdom of your peers.The Well is where you can post your

latest groundwater industry challenge,problem, question, or experience, andlearn from the responses shared byothers who have also subscribed toThe Well.Sign up to join The Well today at

www.ngwa.org.

THE LOGNEWS FROM THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION


NGWA Offers Variety ofProducts to Keep You Safeat Job Site

An assortment of NGWA productsare available for you to make use of tostay safe at the job site, including:● A 30-minute DVD—Drill Safe, Drill

Smart—sold out during the 2010NGWAGround Water Expo, and isnow available online in the NGWABookstore. Produced in collaborationwith the video production companyTraining Without Boredom, DrillSafe, Drill Smart was produced inan informative but fun fashion thatkeeps those watching alert to theimportant details. Suitable to thedrilling of both domestic water sup-ply and environmental wells becausemany of the same hazards apply, thevideo is not just for new drill crewemployees, but also seasoned work-ers who may need a refresher on safepractices.

Drill Safe, Drill Smart covers themost common causes of drill site ac-cidents: slips, trips, and falls; materi-als handling; chemicals; machineguarding; and electrocution. In addi-tion to the video, the DVD includesprintable documents—a job safetyanalysis form, lighting guidelines, apre-trip inspection form, and a safetyassessment plan.

● Detailed discussions on safety arenow easy to have with Safety Meet-ings for the Groundwater Industry.A set of 52 sheets printed on two-part carbonless paper, it is designedto enable companies to have weeklysafety meetings on a different indus-try-specific subject each week of theyear. Each sheet contains talkingpoints, areas to write down relatedtopics and employee recommenda-tions, and employee and managersignatures. Among the subjects aresafety from slips and falls, proper

blocking of drill and pump serviceequipment, properly storing fiberrope, and safety from falling objects.

● NGWA Supervisors Safety Manualis designed for use by owners ofdrilling and pump installation firms,and those who are responsible forsafe practice in those businesses. Re-leased in December 2000, the manualincludes chapters on record keeping,employee involvement, fleet safety,and facility evaluations. A 15-pagecompanion, the NGWA Safety Pro-gram Manual, is sold separately.To learn more or to purchase these

products, visit the NGWABookstore atwww.ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379or (614) 898-7791.

Updated and Revised Lexicon ofGroundwater and Water WellSystem Terms Is Now Availablefrom NGWAAmong the definitions of a lexicon is

“a special vocabulary,” and NGWA hascreated a lexicon that contains morethan 1900 terms of the groundwaterindustry.NGWA’s Lexicon of Groundwater

and Water Well System Terms wasselected by atask force ofindustry pro-fessionals andcontains termswith the mostrelevancy tothe variousgroundwaterprofessionsand to the use,protection, remediation, and manage-ment of groundwater. While there areoften regional differences in the use ofsome terms, the document is certainlyan ideal collection of the definitions thatrelate to groundwater and professionalswho work with it.To learn more or to purchase this

product, visit the NGWABookstore atwww.ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379or (614) 898-7791.

Secure Booth Space at 63rdAnnual Ground Water Expo

The 2011 Ground Water Expo onlinebooth selection database is up and run-ning for industry manufacturers andsuppliers at www.ngwa.org. With the on-line process, you can request your boothspace, complete the exhibit application,and pay for the space with a credit card.The Expo gives you the opportunity

to gain direct access to thousands ofgroundwater professionals. You canmeet a year’s worth of contacts in justtwo days and showcase your productsat the most prestigious show within thegroundwater industry. Attendees at theExpo are there to inspect and compareproducts and equipment vital to theirlivelihood.If you have questions, contact

NGWADirector of Advertisingand Exhibit Sales Vickie Wiles [email protected], or call (800) 551-7379 (614 898-7791 outside theUnited States), ext. 593.

WEB NOTESFIND IT ON THE NGWA WEB SITE, NGWA.ORG

Stay Connected with NGWAFollow the National Ground WaterAssociation on . . .

Twitter

Facebook

NGWA Blog

YouTube

Get all of the details on how to do so atwww.ngwa.org.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl16/ June 2011 Water Well Journal

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Policies offered include property, general liability, commercial automobile, workers’ compensation, and umbrella, as well as specialized coverages tailored to address the unique needs of the water well drilling industry such as:

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For more information on the many benefits of NGWA membership, visit www.NGWA.org or call NGWA customer service at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791).

Keep your business well protected with the WellGuard Insurance Program.

Business insurance for the water well drilling industry.

Endorsed by NGWA, the WellGuard insurance program is administered by Willis Programs and underwritten by The Hartford.

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Water Well Journal June 2011 19/

I t’s no secret the Occupational Safetyand Health Administration is crack-ing down harder than before when

enforcing compliance today. OSHAissued 42,000 citations last year but ison pace to reach 50,000 by the close of2011.The “little guy” is no longer immune

to being cited for a safety violation.Not only are more citations being is-

sued, heftier fines come with it. Whatused to be a $750 citation is now $3000.A shift in stricter compliance has cre-

ated smarter OSHA inspectors who maytake one citation and turn it into four,tagging one citation onto each other.Inspectors work off OSHA’s Focus

Four hazards that have been identifiedas the four leading causes of fatalities inthe construction industry:1. slips, trips, and falls2. electrocutions3. struck-by4. caught-in.According to OSHA, 78% of all fatal-

ities are related to these hazards, while85% of all citations and 90% of dollarsapplied as fines are related to them.These hazards, according to a safety

consultant in Hillsboro, Missouri, pose

the greatest risk to the water well indus-try. Thus, this article will review thefour hazards in an attempt to help pre-vent injuries, fatalities, and citations.

Slips, Trips, and FallsThe water well indus-

try is exposed to thishazard more than otherindustries due to surfacesat job sites becomingsaturated with ground-water, drill cuttings, andother materials.Maintaining an orderly job site

(housekeeping) is necessary to combatslips and trips, which was a message pre-sented to approximately 50 attendees atthe 2011 Missouri Water Well Associa-tion annual meeting this past winter byScott Honer, president of Safety Consult-ing Services LLC in Hillsboro, Missouri.“When you lift that rig up and start

cracking ground, make sure you’re incompliance. That’s all I’m asking ofyou,” Honer remembers telling theattendees.“Put the safety glasses on, put the

hard hats on, make sure the ground isfirm, make sure there’s not a bunch oftrash laying all over the place and peo-ple are busting their butts because theinspector is not going to walk up andaddress it. The inspector is going tosit across the street and videotape you,and it makes it really difficult for me toargue a citation down.”

Organizers of MWWA’s annual meet-ing wanted Honer’s overall message tofocus on being proactive when it comesto OSHA, therefore alleviating the riskof a citation that could raise insurancerates.“I wanted to get a better mind-set put

out there that OSHA isn’t trying to puteveryone out of business,” Honer says,“but that’s just the point they’ve cometo right now is that they’re handingout fines to get people to take themseriously.”

ElectrocutionsFor this hazard, it’s imperative that

the driller check with the local authorityand property owner before digging.“It’s not always true what they say

about the markings when an authoritymarks a location. I found that to bewrong once before,” says GeraldBuechting, president of MWWAwhoco-owns Buechting Drilling Co. Inc.with his wife, Jackie, in Imperial, Mis-souri, “so you still need to be carefuleven if it says it’s marked here whenyou get close to that area.“Obviously, too, watching your ca-

bles for fraying and so forth becauseyou are hoisting drill pipe every timeyou add a drill pipe and there is adanger of the cable.”When setting up the drill rig, com-

mon sense says know the correct dis-tance from overhead power lines. Rigsshould be checked over thoroughlyOSHA/continues on page 20

When it comes to the water well industry, understanding OSHA’s Focus Four hazards is a must.

The Down and DirtyThe Down and Dirty

Mike Price is the associateeditor of Water Well Journal.He can be reached [email protected].


BByy MMiikkee PPrriiccee

(COVER STORY)

Scott Honer

before use to make sure their electricalgrounding system is working. Poorlymaintained extension cords and defec-tive power tools may seem trivial butcan pose a danger. Honer cites an example where if

it’s raining at a job site, today’s OSHAinspector can have a field day with citations.“Slips, trips, and falls because the

ground is wet. Electrical because oflightning if the inspector wants to dragit out. The inspector could even get youon caught-in between or struck-by ifthey found a guy in bad position.” That’s why Buechting and his small

staff discuss any potential dangers before heading out to a job site. “Any job seems to be repetitious in

some respect,” he says, “but in essenceevery job is just a little different. I generally will have seen the locationbefore the guys go out or I even go outwith them and we’ll talk about safetyconcerns.”

Tailgate talks on safety every morn-ing are common in the water well indus-try and are intended to address any andall hazards like electrocutions.

Struck-ByFlying and falling objects are at the

forefront of this hazard. “OSHA is now realizing a rig could

come apart while it’s spinning at itsspeed,” Honer says, “so drillers shouldbe wearing safety glasses and hard hats.”Just like meeting to talk about safety

concerns, wearing personal protectiveequipment (PPE) should be second naturefor drillers due to the nature of the job. “Everyone needs to put safety first,

work as a team, look out for each other,and take breaks,” says Joe Neri, owner/operator of All Star Drilling and Probingin Laurence Harbor, New Jersey, whosits on the National Ground Water Asso-ciation’s Safety Subcommittee. Hearing protection, although not

under the struck-by hazard category butstill PPE, has been receiving more atten-tion recently from OSHA. Drill rigs are

loud, typically above 85 decibels, andcan cause permanent hearing damage toworkers close to them. “Even the inspectors are walking on

and walking off job sites and saying,‘My gosh, my head is pounding!’”Honer says. In addition to PPE, proper training

for employees is the first thing thatcomes to mind to Neri, who has morethan 25 years of drilling experience andis the vice president of the New JerseyGround Water Association. “If they have the proper training,”

Neri says, “are they free of distractionsthat particular day? This may soundhard to do, but it really isn’t. Some help-ful ideas that I believe will help lowerthe accident rates are to give employeesmore frequent refreshers and have themparticipate in the refresher classes, notjust sit there and listen.”

Caught-InSpacing issues are just one reason

drillers can get caught in bad positions. Organizing the job site and ensuring

OSHA/from page 19

Schneider Electric in North America,a global specialist in energy manage-ment with brand names like Square Dand APC, has built a strong safety repu-tation for itself. The National Safety Council honored

the company with the 2011 Green Crossfor Safety Medal for its outstandingachievement in workplace and off-the-job safety. Schneider Electric is also the first

Green Cross for Safety honoree to likewise win NSC’s Robert W. CampbellAward, which recognizes organizationsthat demonstrate world-class opera-tional safety, environmental, and healthperformance. Based in Palatine, Illinois, with

26,000 employees in North America,Schneider Electric set out to improve itssafety program and medical incidentrate after a change in leadership in theearly 2000s. “Our goal at that time was to get

to zero because we think every injurycan be prevented and one injury is toomany,” says Rich Widdowson, vice presi-dent of safety, real estate, and environ-ment.

In 2010, Schneider Electric’s injuryrate (similar to OSHA’srecordable injury rate)was 0.9 compared to 3.6in 2003. Industry aver-ages were approximately5.0 in 2003 and 3.5 in2010. Five key points make

up Schneider Electric’s safety culture:

● Safety is everyone’s responsibility. ● All injuries and occupational illnessescan be prevented; all exposures canbe safeguarded.

● Management has a responsibility totrain all employees to work safely.

● Working safely is a condition of employment.

● Preventing safety incidents and in-juries contributes to business success.

Schneider Electric was moved to bet-ter its safety record for its employees,not for financial gains. Nevertheless, thecompany has seen more than $10 mil-lion a year in direct savings based on500 injuries being prevented each year. “We didn’t come up with a program

name or logo,” Widdowson says. “It’s

part of who we are now as a culture.That’s something that will outlive anylogo or any name. “We say safety is really part of our

DNA now. It’s who we are. People like towork here and part of the reason is wecare about our people and we’re goingto do everything we can to make surethat they come to work and leave worksafely and are thinking safety at workand at home.” Widdowson says communicating that

the company is serious about safety andbacking it up with actions was necessaryat the very outset of overhauling theprogram. Due to the results of the safety pro-

gram in North America, Schneider Elec-tric is now incorporating these safetypractices and processes globally in all itsoperations in more than 100 countries. “We’re very proud to receive this

award and get the recognition,” Wid-dowson says. “But really it comes downto our people. It really makes you feelgood to work for a company that is seri-ous about taking actions to improvesafety because they truly care abouttheir people.”

Importance of Safety Culture Comes Naturally to Schneider Electric in North America


Rich Widdowson

equipment maintenance should be onthe to-do list. While some call equipment on a job

site “low-hanging fruit,” it can eithercause a struck-by or caught-in hazard.Improperly trained personnel can be injured or killed by getting caught inmoving machinery.Having a safety program in place

will help with training personnel. Thisseems like a given, but according toBuechting, many who were at theMWWA annual meeting weren’t awareof it. “That’s a big key right there,” Honer

says. “If you don’t have a safety andhealth program in place, OSHA asks,‘How the heck are your employeesworking safe if they do not know whatis expected of them?’”There are a variety of resources, in-

cluding NGWA and the National SafetyCouncil, to lean on when devising asafety and health program. NGWA’sSafety Subcommittee also develops edu-cational materials on safety hazards andstandards for the groundwater industry.One piece of wisdom Honer tried

to impart to those he spoke with when it comes to OSHA is do everythingin their power to take care of their employees and the company. WWJ


The following were the top 10 mostfrequently cited standards in fiscalyear 2010: 1. Scaffolding, general requirements,construction

2. Fall protection, construction3. Hazard communication standard,general industry

4. Ladders, construction5. Respiratory protection, general industry

6. Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout), general industry

7. Electrical, wiring methods, compo-nents and equipment, general industry

8. Powered industrial trucks, generalindustry

9. Electrical systems design, generalrequirements, general industry

10. Machines, general requirements,general industry.

Source: www.OSHA.gov

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Preventing accidents that resultfrom slips, trips, and falls seemslike such elementary common

sense that it should scarcely bear anymentioning.Yet, overall construction fatalities are

nearly as high today as they have everbeen. There are reasons for this, but for-tunately corrective measures that can betaken too.Water well drilling has its own

unique conditions that workers must beaware of. As points out Richard Thron,MGWC, president of Mantyla WellDrilling Inc. in Lakeland, Minnesota,

one of the first ones that must be ac-counted for is the weather conditionsworkers will face at the job site.“Muddy rains can create hazards in

Florida as well as the Upper Midwest,”Thron says. “In our area, winter posesspecial problems. Taking pipes out ofthe ground can be extremely hazardousbecause warm water quickly freezes. Wetake along 5-gallon mixtures of salt andsand in the back of our service trucks.Sprinkling this mixture in freezing orother hazardous areas can do a lot toprevent falls.”Thron adds that extra precautions

should be taken even when setting uprigs and blockings in the work area.“They should be as stable as possi-

ble,” he says. “Use good timbers forthe working platforms for the drills or

individuals. Make sure any ladders aresecured so you don’t have them slippingout or falling over”In agreement is Steve Heist, a con-

struction specialist for the WashingtonState Department of Labor & Industries,which functions as the state’s OSHAprogram. One of the first things hepointed out was that slurry, which oftenaccompanies water well drilling, canresult in mounds of material that endsup saturated with water, thus creatingpotential hazards.Heist adds that you should always

have easy, safe access to getting to the

SLIPS, TRIPS, FALLS/continues on page 24


Thomas G. Dolan is a freelance writer living inthe Pacific Northwest. He has written for sev-eral national water and construction industrypublications.


It’s not as simple as it sounds.

Avoiding Slips, Trips, and Falls

(Above photo) An organized and cleanjob site is often a safe job site.

By Thomas G. Dolan

equipment. And if the equipment hasguard rails, regulations require they bemaintained as originally constructed.“If you’re on a tower or piece of

equipment 10 feet or higher, you arerequired to have fall equipment,” Heistsays. “A worker recently fell off of acrane that was less than 10 feet high andstill died. Falls, unfortunately, are oftenserious and fatalities resulting from fallsare one of the leading causes of death inconstruction.”One hazard that should never be an

issue, but often is according to Thron, isa messy site.“I’ve seen sites where it’s difficult

to even walk into or out of,” he says.“You should keep your work area neat,and not have tools and debris lying allaround. Use caution and common sense.Keeping your work area orderly showsyou take pride in your work and projectsa positive image to your customers thatyou are providing quality. They’ll behappier and you’ll be safer. If you’reworking in the middle of a desert withno adverse weather conditions, but arecareless, you’ll still have accidents.”When asked why workplace acci-

dents continue to occur, even though thecauses are both well known and increas-ingly covered by government regula-tions, Thron is blunt in his opinion.“I think human beings are basically

lazy animals,” he states. “If they cantake a shortcut, they will. You have to

continually pound away at safety first,in regular tailgate talks and other ways.The recession has actually helped safetya little for it has reduced workloads andlessened the pressures on deadlines.People are a little more relaxed, morereflective, and have better insight. Wehave to maintain this mind-set as theeconomy rebounds.”Thron adds that a further motivation

for employers is lower insurance ratesfor companies with good safety records.“I’m in a pool with other well drill-

ers, and we recently got back more than$7000 in our insurance rebate program,”he adds.Increased cooperation between gov-

ernment and industry in terms of safetymeasures is also a positive trend. Heistsays he believes his state of Washingtonis “ahead of the curve” in this respect.He indicates his state’s Department ofLabor & Industries got together all ofthe various stakeholders involved withcranes to fashion regulations both mean-ingful and workable.“The result has been a greater appre-

ciation between government and indus-try, more cooperation, and greatersafety,” Heist says.He cites some statistics that prove his

point. Labor & Industries started col-

lecting data concerning work-relatedfatalities and initiating countermeasuresin 1998. There were 62 work-relateddeaths in that first year. The numberdropped to seven in 2009 and six in2010.“But that is still six too many,” Heist

points out.Still, the improvement is definitely

there. Among the reasons why is a re-structuring of rules through an advisorycouncil, which brings in involvementfrom industry.“We are listening more, trying to find

out what real working conditions arelike, and taking them into account,”Heist says.Labor & Industries has created a

Voluntary Protection Program (VPP).Some of the features of the VPP, whichmotivate employers to increase theirsafety efforts as well as provide variousincentives and recognitions to their em-ployees for safety efforts, are as follows.When a company attains VPP status,

everyone benefits because:● Employers lower their costs● Employees come home safely afterwork

● Labor and management work to-gether cooperatively

● Industries have a “best practices”model

● Communities recognize leadership insafety and health.Special benefits accrue to employers

for having a VPP work site, which:● Lets companies establish a positiveworking relationship with Labor &Industries’ Division of OccupationalSafety and Health

● Helps firms avoid surprise workplaceinspections

● Gives companies access to Labor &Industries’ extensive safety andhealth resources

● Creates confidence that businessesare in compliance with safety andhealth regulations

● Lets companies display the nation-ally recognized VPP flag at worksites.“We’re trying to recognize compa-

nies that have excellent safety records,”Heist says.That is definitely worth mentioning.

WWJ

SLIPS, TRIPS, FALLS/from page 23


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Circle card no. 13

They say an ounce of prevention isworth a pound of cure, and whenit comes to designing a water

system it certainly rings true.For pumps in particular, good-quality

materials, a correctly sized pump, andthe right tank can be the difference be-tween a pump lasting 20 years or oneworking for just five. And now morethan ever, homeowners expect thesystem to last and they want to see itrepaired rather than replaced.But it can be difficult to find and fix

the problem when the homeownersdon’t know if the pump is working orif there’s even water in the well. Theyonly know they’re out of water.“We have a routine we go through

any time we approach a system,” saysLarry LaChance, MGWC, CPG, ofAdirondack Pump &Well Service inBallston Lake, New York. “Before youdo anything else, you have to find outwhat works on the system.”He checks to see if the pump’s work-

ing and checks to see if there’s water inthe bowl. Based on what he sees, it’s eas-ier to determine what kind of problemhe’s dealing with. Although he’s neversure what to expect when he arrives on-site, there are definitely some issues thatare more common than others.A mix of water well contractors,

pump installers, and suppliers weighed

Industry pump installersand suppliers weigh in

on what they seeat job sites.

By Jennifer Strawn

Common PumpProblems


PUMP PROBLEMS/continues on page 28

Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor ofWater Well Journal from 2004to 2007. She is currently inthe internal communicationsdepartment at NationwideInsurance in Columbus, Ohio.She can be reached at [email protected].


in on the most common pump problemsthey see on the job. Here are their topfour.

1. Improper system designor pump sizingHomeowners who take the “do-it-

yourself” approach are by far the mostcommon cause of improper system de-sign or pump sizing, LaChance says.“I’ve probably seen almost any home

brew water system you can imagine,”LaChance jokes. “I love taking the newguys out on jobs because they’re almostguaranteed to go home with a goodstory to tell.”One of the worst, he says, was when

a homeowner decided to not only re-place the pump and tank himself withproducts from the nearest big box store,but also replumb the entire house usinggarden hoses.“The water was so acidic that it just

ate right through the hoses,” LaChanceremembers. “It was leaking everywhere.”More commonly, says Dan Milan

of Milan Supply Co. in Mt. Pleasant,Michigan, the tank is undersized forthe flow of the system. Hard economictimes often means contractors are forcedto compete on price and, due to marketconditions, putting in the bare operatingminimum.But that can drive up the long-term

system cycle costs, he says. The pumpcycles too quickly when an undersizedtank is installed. Frequent starts in-creases operational costs, deterioratespump relays and pressure switches whileincreasing motor winding temperatures.“A number of people—when pre-

sented with the features and benefits—decide to upgrade for premium systems(larger tank),” Milan says. “Give them achoice, not just a price.”In do-it-yourself water systems,

LaChance says tanks can be too largefor the pump on occasion. In a shallowor low-yield well, this can cause thewell to pump dry before the tank is full.The pump can continue to run dry untilit damages itself.Charlie Waller, CPI, of Uvalde Pump

Service in Uvalde, Texas, says some-times the system was designed properlywhen it was put in, but now doesn’tmeet the homeowners’ needs.

“An older couple might have put inthe well, and they didn’t need to usemuch water. Then a younger couple willmove in, have a few kids, and like towater their lawn,” Waller says. “Andsuddenly, the pump and tank don’t fittheir usage.”Although it’s usually as simple as

replacing the parts of the system thataren’t working, LaChance admits some-times it’s necessary and more cost effec-tive to pull the whole thing apart andstart from scratch.In designing a good water system,

Milan suggests you really look atthe specific details, adjust for specialneeds, and size the installation for thoseconditions.“Look at how much, how far, how

high, when, and why,” he says. “And inthat review, you take a look at possibleapplications of the current technologiessuch as variable frequency drives andpump control valves.”

2. Electrical problemsNearly 60% of pumps Milan sees

have some electrical problem—usuallydue to an on-site condition.“We’ll get new and used pumps back

to bench test both hydraulically and elec-trically,” Milan says. “There’s a percent-age of time that there’s nothing wrongwith the pump. Testing gives the installereither confidence in the product or direc-tion to look for trouble at the job site.”To find electrical problems on-site,

LaChance starts at the pressure switchto see if there’s voltage on the line ter-minals and then checks across the pointsto see if power is getting past the pres-sure switch and getting to the pump. Ifthe voltage isn’t right, he pulls the cir-cuit breaker and does a resistance checkfrom line to line and line to ground tocheck the integrity of the circuit.“All of this is pretty quick and easy,

and it’s a good place to start,” LaChancesays.If the power supply looks like it’s

correct, the next step is to put an amme-ter on the motor leads to see if it’spulling a proper current.“Usually by this time you have some

kind of handle on what the problem is,”he says.Common causes of electrical prob-

lems on-site include low or high volt-age, broken wires, skinned cable, oreven damage to electrical componentscaused by operating conditions.Aging wires are a common cause,

Waller says. Newer high-end wire lastmuch longer than cheap wire.Waller says well conditions can also

cause wire damage. In limestone forma-tions with uncased wells, for example,if you don’t have the proper torque ar-restors or guards, the wire hits the sidesof the casing during startup or shutdownand wears out.LaChance adds that crooked well-

bores are a big cause in his area too.Torque arrestors, guards, and tape forin-well use are used.Storms can also cause electrical

problems in pumps, says Sam Tyler,CPI, of Tyler Well & Pump in Carver,Massachusetts.“Submersible pumps are always sub-

ject to lightning strikes,” he says. “Thewell takes on a lightning strike and itburns out the motor.”

3. Check valve failureMalfunctioning check valves are an-

other common cause of problems. Thecheck valves can get stuck in the openposition or won’t open at all, Tyler says.When a check valve down the hole or

at the top of the pump goes out, it cancause air in the line or short cycling ofthe pump, Waller adds. When a brokencheck valve is suspected, he pulls theplug out of the top of the discharge tankto see if there is water in there. If it’sholding water, then you know the checkvalve is holding.“Sometimes we have more than one

check valve down the hole. If you havea deep set, for example, we try to put acheck valve every 150 to 200 feet on thedrop,” Waller says. “So if the water’sstanding, that means the last checkvalve or more than one check valve isholding.”When you turn on the pump the

water should come out immediately,he says. If it takes the water a while toflow, if the water goes back to its ownwater level, and the pump is starting upunder a no-load situation, it means there

PUMP PROBLEMS/from page 27


“Look at how much, how far,how high, when, and why.”

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Tobegin with, there’s the oddlyredundant name—naturallyoccurring asbestos. Asbestosis natural. It is comprised of

silicate minerals, so its occurrence innature is, well, natural.It is more common in areas where

mountain building has occurred. Nor-mally, the minerals are locked up in theearth’s crust, and in that form they areharmless to human health. But whenasbestos dust is released into the earth’satmosphere by mining or excavating,refining, housing construction, houseremodeling, or demolition—it becomesextremely deadly.Found in rock formations throughout

the United States, naturally occurringasbestos has been reported in at least 35states. It is particularly prevalent alongthe East Coast, following the Appala-chian Mountains range, and also innorthern California.It’s also present in Fairfax County,

Virginia, where I work. As a result,the Fairfax County Health Departmentdeveloped an asbestos exposure controlplan that requires a compliance planincluding air monitoring to ensure effec-tive dust control during constructionin areas containing naturally occurringasbestos.

Controlling Exposureto AsbestosThere are two elements involved in

controlling exposure to asbestos. The

first is to develop an asbestos manage-ment plan for drilling that is compliantwith local government standards.It should incorporate engineering

controls such as how to minimize howmuch dust is generated; what method ofdrilling will be used; and how to cleantools, on-site vehicles, and the workersthemselves. Asbestos is an airborneinhalation hazard and residual con-taminants on skin, hair, or clothes canexpose a worker’s family to asbestosdust if decontamination controls are notin place.The second exposure control is the

use of personal protective equipmentand may include disposable clothing,rubber boots, and respirators, dependingon the airborne concentrations of asbes-tos. Personal exposure monitoringshould be conducted by taking air sam-ples in the employee’s breathing zone.A lab will analyze the samples and theresults will indicate how many asbestosfibers are in the breathing zone. Perime-ter monitoring should also be conductedto make sure asbestos dust is not drift-ing to neighbors. The employer can takea sample upwind and downwind fromthe drilling site for analysis.

Asbestos Management PlanOn any construction site, an em-

ployer needs to designate a competent

person who can recognize the hazardspresent on site, including asbestos. Thedesignated person must have the knowl-edge and skills to reduce the hazard (inthis case understanding and complyingwith the asbestos standard) and theauthority to implement the hazard con-trols. This person should be designatedin the asbestos management plan.The standard that must be complied

with is the Occupational Safety andHealth Administration’s asbestosstandard for the construction industry(29 CFR 1926.1101).This requires employers to assess

exposures and implement controls thatare appropriate for those exposures.To assess employee exposures, per-

sonal breathing zone air sampling isconducted. Appendix A of the OSHAstandard specifies how these samplesare collected and analyzed. The samples


Victor J. D’Amato, a certified industrialhygienist and certified safety professional, isthe director of Atrium Environmental Healthand Safety Services in Reston, Virginia.

What Asbestos Can DoAll asbestos minerals are elongated

crystals. Some varieties are needle-like.When dust-size particles are inhaled,the crystals penetrate into the lung tis-sue by piercing the walls of the alveoli.Once the particles penetrate the lungtissue, they stay in the lungs perma-nently. There is no way to remove them.Eventually these crystals will cause ascarring of the lungs, called asbestosis,or cause a cancer of the lining of thelung, called mesothelioma. Both ofthese diseases are currently incurableand both are terminal. Mesothelioma isalmost exclusively linked to exposure toasbestos dust.

By Victor J. D’Amato, CIH, CSP

Naturally Occurring AsbestosU.S. EPA’s first public health emergency can put drillers at risk.


An employer needs to designate

a competent person who can

recognize the hazards present

on site, including asbestos.

are sent to an accredited laboratory foranalysis. The results will typically deter-mine what controls have to go into placeand measure how effective those con-trols are.Workers should use personal protec-

tive equipment consistent with likelyexposure, and those exposures should berecorded to document that the controlsare effective. Documentation is impor-tant because it is required to be com-pliant with the OSHA standard and be-cause certain airborne concentrationswill trigger specific elements of thestandard, such as training and medicalmonitoring.OSHA does not have any training

requirements that specifically relate tonaturally occurring asbestos and waterwell drilling, but there is an OSHAinstruction (CPL 2-2.63) that specifieswetting, or using water to control dust,is a sufficient engineering control tomanage asbestos dust. Minimum train-ing would require an awareness of thehazards associated with asbestos, the en-gineering controls required by the site,and two hours of hands-on training ingood work practices. Training records

must be maintained at least until train-ing is no longer needed or the employeehas been through a refresher course.Also, the work area needs to be

posted with a warning if airborne expo-sures exceed permissible exposure lim-its for asbestos, which is 0.1 fiber percubic centimeter of air averaged over aneight-hour day. OSHA also requires thearea be posted if exposures exceed 1.0fiber per cubic centimeter over a 30-minute period, or the OSHA excursionlimit.

Personal Protective EquipmentThere are usually categories of

exposure that determine what personalprotective equipment is appropriate.Here in Fairfax County, there are fourcategories.It is typically recommended that

drillers begin work in Category 3 PPE—triggered if clothing might come intocontact with naturally occurring as-bestos, but no airborne exposure isanticipated. For this level of exposure,Tyvek or other disposable clothing is re-

Additional InformationThe U.S. Geological Survey has an

ongoing project to map the locations ofhistorical asbestos mines, former asbes-tos exploration prospects, and naturalasbestos occurrences. To locate natu-rally occurring asbestos areas in aspecific part of the country, begin byconsulting the USGS reports below andthen contacting a state geologist.

U.S. Geological SurveyEastern United Stateshttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1189Central United Stateshttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1211Rocky Mountain Stateshttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1182Southwestern United Stateshttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1095

California Geological SurveyAsbestos Reports, Maps, and Guidelinesfor Geologic Investigations:www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/minerals/

hazardous_minerals/asbestos/Pages/Index.aspxSAFETY/continues on page 32

Slips, trips, and fallsMaterials handlingChemical exposureMachine guardingElectrocutionAnd everything in between . . .

Drill Safe, Drill Smart covers it all.

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Slips, trips, and falls

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Circle card no. 32Water Well Journal June 2011 31/Twitter @WaterWellJournl

quired, including rubber boots.In Category 4, where rock drilling or hammering raises the

risk of airborne exposure, or if there is documented airborneexposure from these activities, a full-face or half-face nega-tive air-purifying respirator equipped with P100 filter car-tridges should be used. In Category 4, everything should bewashed down and cleaned before leaving the site and portableshowers should be available for the workers.If a respirator is required, so is a written respirator protec-

tion program that should include medical surveillance. Em-ployees who have to wear respirators must have a physicalexam that includes having a medical history taken, pulmonaryfunction testing, and possibly a chest X-ray. Medical recordsmust be retained for the term of employment plus 30 years.The respirator protection program should also designate a pro-gram administrator who is responsible for training employeesin how to wear the respirator and its limitations, as well astesting the respirator to make certain it fits properly.The asbestos management plan is important for compliance

reasons, but also because you don’t want to expose yourhighly skilled workers to hazards. Such a plan documentsyour commitment to the safety of your employees. If imple-mented properly, this plan protects you from complianceviolations and future claims.It’s the right thing to do. WWJ

First EPA Public Health EmergencyWhat put naturally occurring asbestos on the public and

the government radars was a series of investigative articlesin 1999 documenting extensive deaths and illnesses thatresulted from exposure to vermiculite contaminated withasbestos generated from a mine owned by W.R. Grace inLibby, Montana.

Federal investigators subsequently found that air sam-ples from the area had high levels of fibrous tremolite as-bestos, which is suspected to have caused asbestos-relatedailments among former mine employees, their family mem-bers, and other town residents. More than 274 deaths inthe Libby area are suspected to have been caused by asbes-tos-related diseases, and 17% of the residents who tookpart in a screening study were found to have lung abnor-malities, which may be related to exposure to asbestos.

The U.S. EPA has been overseeing the removal ofasbestos-contaminated soils and other suspect materials inand near Libby since May 2000, and has spent $120 millionin Superfund money on cleanup. In 2008, the EPA and theDepartment of Health and Human Services launched an $8million investigation into the effects of asbestos exposureon the people of Libby. In 2009, the EPA declared its firstpublic health emergency covering the town of Libby andnearby Troy, Montana.

SAFETY/from page 31

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Circle card no. 2

I began to realize as I was develop-ing Part 3 of this series on themany aspects of the impeller thatI could not adequately outline all of

the basic concepts of this topic in onlythree parts. Therefore, I will expand thisseries to four articles.I will discuss this month the elements

of the various forces imposed on im-pellers during operation and concludethe series next month with an explana-tion of the impact on an impeller fromspeed and diameter changes, the appli-cation of the affinity laws, the effectsof staging, and a few tricks of the tradeused to increase the performance andefficiency of impellers.

Typical Forces on ImpellersThe principal forces on impellers are

primarily exerted during operation whenthe impeller or group of impellers isturning within the volute at the designspeed. Although other forces, such aspressure or head, can be imposed onthe interior and exterior surfaces ofimpellers, these forces are generallyimposed equally to all of the surfacesof the impeller during a static or non-operating state.The primary forces exerted on im-

pellers during operation are axial forces(the forces normal or parallel to theimpeller eye) and radial forces (thoseforces that are exerted perpendicular to

the impeller eye like suction). The appli-cation of these two common forces for atypical end-suction centrifugal pump isshown in Figure 1.Although each of these applied

forces is generally provided for by thepump manufacturer in the original de-sign of the pumping unit, it is importantfor system designers to have a basicunderstanding of the forces nonetheless.

Axial ForceThe axial force, also known as thrust,

on an impeller is the sum of the unbal-anced forces acting on the impeller inthe axial direction, or parallel to thepump shaft. Although the maximumaxial force is typically applied only toone side of the impeller, it can reversedirection or even alternate should achange in the pump’s operating condi-tions occur.

Axial forces are the result of one ormore of the following conditions:● pressure distribution at the mechani-cal seal or packing leakage zone

● pressure distribution within the leak-age zone of the hub

● pressure difference at opposite endsof the shaft

● momentum of the incoming or out-going fluid flow

● pressure distribution at the hub in thefluid passages (between vanes)

● pressure difference between bothsides of the vanes (in the axialdirection).Depending on the origin of the

source, each of these forces is furtherdefined as mechanical or fluid-induced.Mechanical forces are those resultingfrom a mechanical influence, such asrotor imbalance or vibrations. Fluid-

By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Pump Impellers: Part 3Detailing the most fundamental—and important—element of centrifugal pumps.


Figure 1.


Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon.He has more than 35 years experience in thewater well business, specializing in engineer-ing and business management. He can bereached at [email protected].

induced forces result due to the directinfluence from the working fluid.Most axial forces imposed in a

horizontal centrifugal pump are fluid-induced forces. Axial forces also act invertical turbine and submersible pumps.However, in these cases it is usually re-ferred to as downthrust or upthrust withthe combined effect of hydraulic andmechanical forces due to the weight ofthe rotating impeller stack and driveshaft. This will be covered in greaterdetail later.As seen in Figure 1, the application

of axial thrust on a rotating impeller isgenerally unbalanced, with the resultingvalue dependent on the lower pressureregion within the suction eye versusthe higher pressure resulting from theimpeller discharge exerted on the outersurfaces of the impeller. To prevent lat-eral movement of the rotating assembly,this force differential is typically resis-ted in a single thrust bearing or multiplethrust bearings if the load is too high fora single bearing to withstand. The thrustbearing is usually located in eitherthe pump frame or the driver (electricmotor, for example).In many high head or capacity end-

suction centrifugal pumps, the differ-ential of axial forces between the dis-charge and suction components of theimpeller can cause high loading and pre-mature failure of the thrust bearing. Inthese cases remediation methods, suchas a hydraulic balance line as shown inFigure 2, are often used to provide apath for circulating water from thehigher pressure region of the impellerdischarge back to the suction port. Inaddition to lowering the axial forces, ahydraulic balance line also offers inher-ent advantages for installations withsandy or silty conditions, as these con-taminants are continuously flushed outof the packing or mechanical seal zoneto avoid abrasive wear on the runningsurfaces of the seal/packing and theshaft sleeve.Another method commonly used to

reduce axial thrust loads on high headcentrifugal pumps is through the drillingof small bypass holes through the im-peller, providing a path of recirculatingfluid between the suction eye and thehigher pressure region of pressure be-hind the impeller. This method shouldbe used with extreme care, as decreased

efficiency and performance is often apenalty paid for this fix.A final method involves the installa-

tion of wear rings on the back side andfront side of the impeller, shown inFigure 1 as a rear and front wear ring.Should a system designer wish to pro-vide an installation with reduced axialthrust, use of a double-suction pumpmay also be considered. Although not

an automatic solution, a double-suctionpump properly configured and installedprovides an alternative to the typicalsingle-suction centrifugal pump forapplications with projected high axialforce loads and may be a valid consider-ation for installations using existingdrivers with limited thrust bearingcapacities.

Figure 2.

Twitter @WaterWellJournlCircle card no. 39


ENGINEERING/continues on page 36

Radial ForceIn addition to the axial forces within

an operating pump, most centrifugalpumps also work with a component ofradial force, or thrust, which is alsoshown in Figure 1 as a force exertingperpendicular to the shaft and acting onthe periphery of the impeller from thedischarge water impacting the volute.Radial forces that exist around the edgeof a single impeller are proportional tothe pump’s total head (in feet), the im-peller diameter, and the vane width ofthe impeller. For those interested in suchthings, the following formula is used todetermine the radial thrust in a volutestyle of pump:

T = (Kq × Kt × D2 × B2 × H × SG)2.31

where:T = hydraulic radial thrust load, in

pounds of force

Kq = empirical capacity factor =

Q = observed gallons per minute duringthe test

Qn = gallons per minute at the BEP(best efficiency point of the pump)

Kt = empirical radial thrust factor(ranges from .30–.35)

D2 = outer diameter of impeller, ininches

B2 = width of impeller opening at D2,in inches*

H = developed head at BEP, in feetSG = specific gravity of liquid (1.0 for

water)2.31 = conversion factor used to convert

1 psi to 1 foot of head*The value for B2 is obtained from themanufacturer for the specific unit.

Radial forces are typically moreof a concern for high head and highspeed volute type centrifugal pumps,especially those with large diameterimpellers, and are not generally as muchof a concern with vertical turbine orsubmersible pumps due to the differenceof design and construction between therespective units.

As shown in Figure 3, an impellerwithin a volute type of centrifugal pumpis surrounded by a volute with unequaldistances around the periphery betweenthe edge of the impeller and the volutecasing. This differential of space resultsin differing values of radial forces aswell, while the diffuser type of pump isencircled with a bowl and diffuser pro-viding a relatively uniform spacingbetween the impeller discharge and thediffuser, resulting in a more uniformvalue of the radial force surrounding theimpeller.

Unbalanced radial force usually re-sults in increased shaft deflection, whichin turn can lead to premature seal orpacking failure, bearing and wear ringdamage and failure, and prematuremotor bearing failure for those unitswith direct driven electric motors.In extreme cases, prolonged operationwith extreme unbalanced radial forcescan result in shaft breakage.In response to the problems associ-

ated with radial forces on high head vo-lute pumps, many manufacturers havedeveloped a modified volute pattern,

ENGINEERING/from page 35 Figure 3.

Figure 5. Thrust components for VTPs.

Figure 4.


Q2

Q2n

2

Table 1.

Water Well Journal June 2011 37/Twitter @WaterWellJournl ENGINEERING/continues on page 38

called a double volute, as shown in Fig-ure 4. A double volute style of pumpsincludes an added internal dischargevane to a standard volute pump, thusproviding a reasonably uniform distancebetween the impeller periphery and thevolute around the impeller’s entire cir-cumference. This added feature greatlylowers the unbalanced radial forceswithin the pump and extends the life ofall rotating components.

Forces on Deep Well PumpsAs previously outlined, radial forces

on diffuser pumps, such as vertical tur-bine or submersible pumps, are typicallybalanced due to the uniform construc-tion features of the diffuser encirclingthe impeller. However, the force of pri-mary concern with this class of pumpsis the axial force, mostly referred to asdownthrust or upthrust in this class ofpumps.As shown in Figure 5, impeller

downthrust is due to the unbalanced dis-charge pressure or head across the eye

of the impeller. Countering this load isan upward force that is developed pri-marily due to the change of direction ofthe liquid passing through the impeller.The effect of these two forces results

in the impeller thrust. Every deep wellpump manufacturer now has publishedvalues of the maximum end-play, orlateral movement value for each bowlassembly they build. This value repre-sents the maximum internal movementof the group of impellers allowed withinthe bowl assembly from the top to thebottom of the assembly.Most deep well pump manufacturers

have also developed another value foreach individual bowl assembly, referredto as the “K” value of the developedthrust for each foot of pump head. The“K” value is multiplied by the designtotal dynamic head (TDH) of the spe-cific installation to find the hydraulicthrust in pounds.Depending on the manufacturer, vari-

ous charts or nomographs are then refer-enced to find the total shaft elongationof the installation based on the hydraulicthrust, the shaft size, and the setting

depth—as the sum of all of these factorscreates the total thrust on the unit. In nocase can the total shaft elongation ex-ceed the maximum end-play for theselected bowl assembly, as this resultwould most likely cause the lowershroud of the impellers to contact thebowl assembly during operation, caus-ing a rapid failure. Here is an example:

Total dynamic head = 250 feetPump “K” factor = 4.0(from pump data sheet)

Setting depth = 300 feetShaft size = 1 inchMaximum bowl end-play = .250 inch(from pump data sheet)

Total hydraulic thrust = 4.0 × 250 feetTDH = 1000 pounds.

Referring to Table 1, 1000 pounds ofhydraulic thrust at 1 inch line shaft =.053 inch of elongation per hundred feetof shaft × 3.00 (300 feet of shaft) = .159inch of total shaft elongation < .250 inchmaximum allowed.The combined value of the hydraulic

thrust combined with the weight of theline shaft and all impellers is the totalthrust that must be handled by the thrustbearing in the driver, be it an electricmotor, gear drive, or other device.Electric motors have various ratings

of thrust capacity for their thrust bear-ings, usually starting at a low value ofa few thousand pounds of thrust up tomore than 20,000 pounds of thrust.Submersible pump units must carry

all thrust values from the thrust bearing,usually located within and at the bottomof the motor. Although the hydraulicthrust value is usually similar or evenhigher to that found in vertical turbinepumps, the total thrust is generallymuch lower as the submersible motordoes not need to handle any long lengthof external line shaft weight.Please note that this is a simplistic

explanation of this topic. For installa-tions greater than 300 feet, the relativeshaft elongation must be calculated,which is the shaft elongation as opposedto the column, or drop pipe elongation,a more precise engineering value.Next month in Part 4, I will conclude

this series with a discussion of the affin-ity laws and various methods to improveimpeller efficiency and performance.Until then, work safe and smart.WWJ

Learn how to engineer success for your businessEngineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the ground waterbusiness is a book that was created with you in mind. It is a compilation of worksfrom long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts, featuring 37 complete“Engineering Your Business” columns. The topics are divided into six areas:contractor classroom, getting started, troubleshooting pumps, rehabilitation,business basics, and tricks of the trade. Visit NGWA’s online bookstore atwww.ngwa.org for more information.

ENGINEERING/from page 37

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Circle card no. 5

If you are already a contractor, youwill know the market conditions andwhat type of drill to buy.If you are just now wanting to be-

come a drilling contractor (you notedthat all drillers in your area are drivingnew pickups and operating new equip-ment), you must take the time to studythe market. Ask yourself, what types ofholes are being drilled?Make a list of the major parts of the

program:1. Depth and diameter of holes2. Type of formation top to bottom3. Area conditions where holeswill be located

4. Special contract conditions;are licenses required?

5. Purpose of hole; type of drilling6. Casing program7. Job wrap-up requirements.

Depth and DiameterThese are quite critical. Look into the

future and try to determine the maxi-mum depth to which this drill may beused. The hole diameter will determinethe size of drill pipe and collars and bitsize.Always try to use as large a drill pipe

as possible, resulting in low pump pres-sure and high uphole velocity for eithermud or air. A large diameter through thetool joints may allow you to drill with a

centrifugal pump in lieu of a duplex pis-ton pump. Advantages of a centrifugalpump are light weight, long life, andeasy maintenance at a reasonable cost.Look around and see what type

of pump is used in your drilling area.Once you determine what size stringyou plan to use, calculate the maximumdry weight of the string. This weightwill determine the hook load capacity ofthe mast. The dry string weight shouldnot exceed 75% of the hook load capac-ity of the mast. The reserve 25% will bethe reserve pullback capacity in an air orfoam drilled hole. In a mud hole, thisautomatically increases by 13% due tobuoyancy, creating a one-third reserveon back pull. Divide the hook load bythe number of lines strung to the travel-ing block and you get the single linepull requirement of the draw works.With a spec on the mast and drawworks, the class of the rig is usuallyselected.

Type of FormationFrom alluvial to hard rock: If your

area has all of this, it may be wise topurchase two rigs, one for mud and onefor air drilling. Combination rigs willalways hamper the efficiency of thesecondary function.Amud rotary uses rotary speeds from

60 to 150 rpm with a large openingthrough the swivel. An air rig typicallyhas from 10 to 60 rpm and only a smalldiameter through a special swivel withhigh temperature seals. A holdback/pull-down system is a must on an air drill,whereas a mud rig can get by with justadding a few drill collars.Try to find out as much as you can

from the county or state divisions of theU.S. Geological Survey office. Also, ob-tain copies of existing well logs for yourown interpretation.

John L’Espoir has enjoyed a 40-year career inportable drilling equipment design. He holdsa bachelor of science degree in mechanicalengineering and was formerly the director ofengineering for the George E. Failing Co. inEnid, Oklahoma. John was born in the Nether-lands and moved to Enid in 1969. He is thefounder, owner, and president of Enid DrillSystems Inc. He received the 2003 NGWATechnology Award.


Writing Specs for a New RigThis is no time to pretend or lie to yourself. Know your full drilling and casing program before you start to write.

By John L’Espoir


Figure 1. Driller George is pleased with his rig, designed to fit the Canfield drillingprogram. It was a cool day here in Colorado when drilling direct circulation with ahydrostat-powered centrifugal pump.

Area ConditionsThe most important question is, can

you get to it and get back out? One ofthe Ewbank rigs was stuck on locationfor a couple of years and had to be cutinto three pieces to be removed.The unit mounting for the rig is an

important selection. There are manyoptions available, including:● Conventional truck● All-wheel-drive truck● ATV or buggy with flotation tires● Track mounting● Tracks with flotation tanks● Barge or sled mounting● Trailer mounting● Pallet type mounting.Many a conventional truck will over-

load the PTO (power take off) when try-ing to leave a muddy drill site. The rearaxles sink as the jacks are pulled up.“Jumping the clutch” to “frog out” of a

hole are terms commonly heard just be-fore a phone call to the manufacturer toget a new PTO lower shaft. The answerto the parts department’s question“When do you need this?” is always

“Right now!”An all-wheel-drive unit may have

pulled out of this mess. Carefully select

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY/continues on page 42

Twitter @WaterWellJournl Water Well Journal June 2011 41/

Figure 2. Raymer Drilling from Michi-gan can switch and select from (a) di-rect drilling 10-inch diameter to 3500feet, or (b) reverse drilling 36-inch di-ameter to 1500 feet by switching thedrill stem. The Ewbank M-100-RD wascustom-built for a drilling contractorwho knew his program. Specs werewritten by the late Gerry Neubecker,and his knowledge pays off today forhis sons and future generations.

Figure 3. The M-51 rig is palletized and mounted on top of a swamp vehicle con-sisting of two pontoons with tracks. It will float and the tracks will power andsteer the unit. A sling is connected to the pipe sled carrying 2000 feet of drill pipeand collars, and this assembly will float as well. The unit was custom-designed todrill in the swamps of South America.

Figure 4. This 1973 ATV (all-terrain vehicle) got a new air-cooled 128 hp dieselengine to increase its performance. The rig became all-hydraulic. Currently operat-ing in Mississippi and drilling with flight augers, hollow stem augers, and doingsome direct mud rotary as well. After seven years in the pasture, it is performingonce again.

the unit mounting and consider a pallet-type rig that can be easily transferred toa truck, trailer, barge, or swamp vehicle.Consider climate conditions—maximumtemperatures will dictate extra coolingor heating for hydraulics and other com-ponents. Keep personnel where they canstill perform all functions comfortably.

Special Contract ConditionsRead all contract conditions and

especially the fine print. If you are notsure that you understand it, spend somemoney with your lawyer. Some thingsto look for:● Is the contract tied to a specific timeframe?

● What about any environmentalconditions?

● What about noise and limited operat-ing times?

● What happens when you lose thehole due to equipment malfunctions?

● Are you and all your rig employeesrequired to sign a secrecy contract?

● What happens to those visitors whoare injured on your job site?

Purpose of the Holeand the Type of DrillingLet’s take a look at the various types

of drilling the author is aware of:1. Mud rotary direct circulation2. Air rotary direct circulation3. Mud reverse circulation

●Airlift reverse● Vacuum type

4. Air reverse dual wall pipe5. Concorde reverse drilling

6. Tubex or Odex drilling7. Dual rotary drilling (table plus topdrive)

8. Conventional or wire line coredrilling

9. Flight auger drilling10. Hollow stem auger drilling11. Cable tool drilling12. Bucket-type drilling13. Directional drilling14. Horizontal drilling.Likewise, the purpose of a borehole

can be just as varied:1. Water supply, oil, or gas2. Water table lowering for mines3. Exploration for minerals4. Pump sewer down into caves5. Miner rescue operations6. Heat pump energy wells7. Blastholes to blow up formations8. Soil type investigation9. Soil contamination investigation10. Construction anchor bolt holes.The typical “purpose” of a borehole

will determine the type of drill to beused. Combining a number of differentapplications will make the drill larger,heavier, and of course, more expensive.The one drill that can “do it all” couldbe designed by EDSI and we estimatethat it would take 22 trucks and about$12 million USD. (Make sure to sendthat purchase order number to John!)

Casing ProgramSteel or PVC, stepped diameter cas-

ing, or same diameter top to bottom.Type of screen, gravel pack, bottomhole, and top hole design. All of thesemust be evaluated by the contractor todetermine specs for his new drill.Pulling your rig forward and tipping

the mast back to set that larger casing isnot recommended. Operating rear jacksto pull stuck casing loose is also notrecommended. Make sure the mast hasinternal space for the casing plus thecasing clamp, grippers, sling, etc.Record the capacities of lifting itemsand calculate the dry weight of the cas-ing string. This can easily exceed thedrill string. Remember to limit this to75% of the mast hook load.At times, a driller may have to

“float” the casing in. Let’s take a look at


TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY/from page 41

Table 1Rig Engineering Chart

Surface Hole Diameter in Depth ft

Surface Casing Size lbs/ft Weight lbs

Production Hole Diameter in Depth ft

Production Casing Size lbs/ft Weight lbs

Drill Collars OD-ID lbs/ft Weight lbs

Drill Pipe Size Weight lbs/ft

Tool Joint OD-ID in Thread

Surf. Equip-Kelly/Swivel/Block/Subs Total Weight lbs

Max String Weight lbs Max Casing Weight lbs

Mud RotaryPump Capacity psi gpm

Actual Performance SPM Piston Size in Actual gpm

Calculated Backpressure – Friction Loss psi

Uphole Velocity Surface Hole fpm Production Hole fpm

Inside Surface Casing fpm

Air DrillingCompressor Capacity psi cfm Actual cfm

Uphole Velocity Surface Hole fpm Production Hole fpm

Inside Surface Casing fpm

DTH Operating Pressure psi

MastLength ft Hook Load lbs with ______ lines

Casing Clearance OD in Length ft

__ Single Block System __ Two Block System Working Space ft

DrawWorksMax Single Line Pull First Layer lbs

Drum Barrel Diameter in Length in

Top Drive or Rotary TableTorque ft-lbs rpm Table rpm Opening in

the hydraulic upward force onto a float-ing shoe installed inside an 18-inch I.D.casing at a 750-foot depth. Area of 18inches diameter is 254 square inches;750 feet of water column equals 325 psi.A 9-pound mud will increase that by9.00 ÷ 8.33 = 1.08, making the pressure351 psi. Load on shoe will then be 351× 254 = 89,190 pounds. Will the shoehold? That is definitely the questionon the driller’s mind if his mast andclutches and brakes and wire lines andblocks are all rated at 60,000 poundsstatic hook load.Are these types of operations done in

the field? You bet! Does the shoe holdthe load? Most of the time, yes, butsometimes a crane will be needed in thissituation.

Casing SupportWill the casing slide through your

table or do you have to slide, tilt, or re-move the table? Design a good, strongcasing-holding mechanism. Air drillingrigs are designed for small-diameterholes. Please check if a larger openingcan be cut in the base of the mast tohandle large casing. Many other itemslike top-drive size and stroke must beknown before you can take on a job

with a large diameter casing using yourair drill.

Job Wrap-Up RequirementsWill a pitless adapter be used to run

the supply line below ground, or doesthe casing come up above the ground?What are your area requirements forgravel pack around the screen—fill ma-terial above and concrete for top holeand pad? Be sure to comply with all ofthese; do not invent your own standardssince they are usually not approvedby the inspector. Fines and legal costswill be very high with no return oninvestment.What about the topsoil conditions—

will you be required to bring this backto the way it was? BLM managementwants to retain all desert growth as it isin a natural state. Drilling superinten-dent John S. from Kansas can write abook about drill site cleanup on govern-ment lands in the deserts of Nevada.With a big grin, he’ll tell you that themoney was good! I had never evenheard of self-cleaning porta-potties.

Writing the SpecsProperly size all components of the

rig with information available from thisseries. Remember that the rig must alsofit your pocketbook, so do not oversize.In a competitive “low bid gets theorder” situation, you can avoid cheapdesigns by specifying exactly what you

want; that is, specify a stainless steeltank, specify a hydraulic stroker on thehydrostat pump, and eliminate the rustytank and troublesome mechanical link-age to the pump. Use Table 1 for thebasic rig design.Before placing the order, review the

specs with the actual hands-on drillerand listen to what he brings to the table.Maybe he prefers a mechanical clutchon the bailing line to get that “feel” forthe bailer. Also, request a scaled draw-ing from the manufacturer so you canactually “see” your proposed rig onpaper (Figure 5).

Service and OperationSuggestions● Inspect your drill rigs● Inspect your vehicles● Inspect your heavy equipment.

Resolutions to Make Today1. Make an in-depth study to writetechnical specs for your existingequipment.

2. Review if an upgrade in specs isneeded, and involve the actualdrillers.

3. Establish a policy to get rid of theone-line purchase descriptions,such as “1500 foot rig with pump:$_____.”

4. Eliminate the restrictions such as:“Must be current production modelwith five units in the field.” How canyou take advantage of new and re-cent technological breakthroughs?

5. Work only with qualified rig engi-neers who can talk real spec numbersto establish capacities of equipment.

Coming next month: In conclusion.Formulas, glossary, conversions.

Unless otherwise noted, all photostaken by John L’Espoir.

Figure 5. Typical proposal scaled drawing.

Interested in thebook Transfer ofTechnology? It isavailable in theNGWA Bookstore.The member rate is$75; the nonmember rate is$87.50. Call NGWA at (800) 551-7379 to order your copy today.

IngenieurJohn M. M. L’Espoir

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY

A technical article series tobetter understand drillingequipment components.

• Portable Drill Rig Components• Design and Operation• Proper Sizing• Maintenance and Safety Tips

N G W A P r e s s

Make Sure You’re Safe at the Drill SiteEnsure you and your crew are safe when you are working on a drillingjob site with Drill Safe, Drill Smart, a 30-minute DVD coproduced bythe National Ground Water Association. It covers materials handling,machine guarding, electrocution, and more. Find it in the NGWABookstore at www.ngwa.org.

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY/continues on page 44


Sowhat about writing specs for anew rig, the new standard for yourcompany. What a challenge for the

spec writer—and what a dream job ornightmare.I was recently involved in such a

project. I reviewed with the client what Icall a “wish list” because a customer hasa right to get exactly what he needs toget the job done in an efficient, afford-able way.The wish list (partial):

● Depth: 2000 feet● Type of drilling: mud rotary, directflush air rotary, and direct flush downthe hole hammer drilling

● 5 × 6 mud pump or pump of ade-quate size

● Compressor of adequate size● One deck engine to power the rigplus the air compressor.Let’s take a look at the above specs.

● Drilling a 12¼-inch-diameter holewith 4½-inch drill pipe determinesa medium size rig with a hook loadrating of about 50,000 pounds.

● All types of drilling depend 100% onthe selection of a properly sized mudpump and compressor.

● The mud pump: bit size 12¼ inches(D), drill pipe size 4½ inches (d).Based on a minimum 50 feet per

minute uphole velocity, we can usethe formula (D2 – d2) × 2 = gpm toget the gallons per minute required.So (12¼2 – 4½2) × 2 = 260 gpm.

For this, we would recommend a 5½-inch × 10-inch stroke with 5½-inchliners running at 65 strokes perminute. That’s a drastic increase onsize, weight, and required hp fromthe 5 inches × 6 inches. Pressure lossin 2000 feet of 4½-inch FJ drill pipeis less than 100 psi.

● The compressor: bit size 12 inches(D), drill pipe size 4½ inches (d).Based on 3000 feet per minute up-

hole velocity, we can use the formula(D2 – d2) × 16.5 = cfm to get the cfmrequired for open hole air drilling orDTHH drilling. So (122 – 4.52) ×16.5 = 2042 cfm.A 2000-foot hole filled with water

has a bottom hole hydrostatic pres-sure of 2000 ÷ 2.3 = 870 psi. As aminimum, we will need two Sullairscrew compressors rated at 900 cfmand 500 psi. Then we need a boosterto get up to 900 psi pressure. Eachcompressor requires 540 hp.

● The one deck-mounted engine shouldnow have enough horsepower for thetwo compressors plus the boosterplus hydraulics for the top-driverotary plus hoisting horsepower.Estimated required power will top1500 hp.

As you can see, the wish list has nowbecome a nightmare and the industryhas declined to make a bid on thisproject.When writing specs, we must know

the limits placed on portable drillingequipment such as size and weight regu-lations. Of course, the cost of the equip-ment increases when the customer says,“Yes, but I want it my way.” It is al-ways best to specify proven designswith a good performance record thatcan be modified to better fit specialrequirements. WWJ

Waiver: The views expressed in thisarticle are the author’s opinion and arebased on the engineering education,skills, and experience gained in a life-long industry commitment. No part ofthis article is intended to replace orsupersede any information supplied byothers. The contents of this article maynot be used for any type of legal action.

Writing Specs

DedicationThis series is dedicated to the educa-

tion of John L’Espoir’s two grandsons,Ethan Daniel Atwood and Elliott JohnAtwood (right), who are each destinedto become a drilling rig engineer.Opposing points of view or questions?Contact us at Enid Drill Systems(580) 234-5971, fax (580) 234-5980,[email protected].

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Quality, Service & Solutions

800-356-5130 or 800-523-0224www.bakermfg.com

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY/from page 43


Circle card no. 19

It has been quite a while since wewere confronted by the grimprospect of inflation. The 1970s

seemed to be the last serious time. Eversince Paul Volcker raised interest ratesup to stratospheric ranges more than20% for loans we have not had to thinkabout it at all.All that is changing—and it’s not a

good change.Like you, I have seen the struggles of

the economy over the past three to fouryears. We have seen government inter-vention in the economy as never beforeand are experiencing deficits beyondbelief. I don’t want this to be misunder-stood as some political statement; I amjust stating the facts.There are doubts with Quantitative

Easing (QE II) ending this month thatthe benefits intended were achieved.One thing that has certainly beenachieved is a much lower dollar. That iscontributing to our impending inflation.Another item to consider is the world

of commodities. Rarely have we hadthe confluence of an extremely largeincrease in demand such as what we seein the Asia Pacific region and Chinaright now—or for that matter in Russia,Brazil, and India. Couple that with un-employment and a lethargic housingmarket at home, and you have quite asituation.

Inflation is a two-edged sword. Onthe one hand it will increase the value ofassets like a home, but on the other, itwill erode the value of your earnings bymaking those things you purchase moreexpensive.This brings me to my focus this

month. Prime product and parts priceswill rise. Steel prices in 2009 and 2010ranged between $575 and $754 a ton.The experts are saying we will be mov-ing to $970 a ton in 2011. That is an in-crease of just under 70% in two years!Amazing! Just look around the grocerystore and you will see the impact onyour purchases.

Dealing With ItSo how do we deal with inflation

in our business? Many of you providequotations to your customers for yourproducts. Sometimes those quotes areoutstanding for a while before theycome to fruition.“Prices are subject to change without

notice” is an expression you will have toget used to again.If you have the products on hand in

inventory, you have a bit of a cushion.You know how much you paid forthings. But you don’t know necessarilyhow much you will pay for replenish-ment of inventory. So the first thing:“Prices are subject to change withoutnotice.”

The next thing is the frequency ofprice changes from your vendors. Withthe “just in time” inventory philosophyin place for most of our supply chains,the reaction time to price adjustmentswill be fast.If we look back at the 1970s, we used

to have an annual price adjustment frommost vendors. Then it went to twice ayear, then quarterly, and finally, as nec-essary. Many vendors today downloadover a communications network partsprices each night. This puts a large bur-den on the parts department or partsprofessional trying to understand whatis happening so they can decide on theirapproach to the changes. It’s no easytask.The administrative costs to managing

the parts inventory and the prime prod-uct inventories are going to increase.There is just no way to be able to evalu-ate pricing without additional resources.By knowing this, however, you canmake adjustments to compensate forthese additional costs.So let’s sit back a moment. For those

of you who agree with my assessmentof impending inflation greater than thatwhich we have experienced over thepast 20 years, you can prepare yourselfwith a 1% increase on all your parts’retail prices and quotations.Prime product is a different subject

and can be approached from a differentangle. Each unit you order will have aprice attached to it. Thus, you can beable to price from a cost base if that wasnot your method already. It is less riskyon the prime product side with pricechanges than it is on parts.For those of you who either don’t

agree or are unsure, please watch the

Ron Slee is the founder of R.J. Slee & Associ-ates in Rancho Mirage, California, a consultingfirm that specializes in dealership operations.He also operates Quest Learning Centers,which provides training services specializing inproduct support, and Insight (M&R) Institute,which operates “Dealer Twenty” Groups.He can be reached at [email protected].


By Ron Slee

Prepare yourself with a 1%

increase on all your parts’

retail prices and quotations.

Don’t Look Now, But It’s Coming BackInflation is raising its ugly head.

Consumer Price Index (CPI) and theProducer Price Index (PPI) over thecoming months. Remember though thatthe measures we use today werechanged in 1983, so that the inflationperspective is less dramatic now than itwas in the 1970s.

Having Inventory ReadyThe final comment here relates to the

inventory valuation method you use. Wehave replacement cost, average cost,first in first out, last in first out, and var-ious other structures in use in Americanbusiness. If we use a 6% inflation rateevenly spaced through the year and aninventory turnover of four times a year,we will have a 1.5% price change on 90days of parts sales on hand in inventoryeach quarter. I think you should be pro-tected against that.My suggestion is the methods I used

back in the late 1970s when inflationwas between 12% and 18% annually onthe products we were selling and stock-ing. I think you should push your pricesup by the average increase in inflationon the products you carry, based on theinventory turnover. For example, if yourturnover is two times a year and infla-

tion is 6%, then an increase in price of3% would be appropriately applied.Understand that this is not to make addi-tional profit, but is about recoveringthe appropriate cost based on the infla-tionary price increases.

I am sure that you understand I amnot rooting for inflation to be with us,but I am seeing too many signals that in-dicate it is coming on quickly. And inthis case, being prepared is the best an-swer. Good luck. WWJ

Circle card no. 15 Circle card no. 35Water Well Journal June 2011 47/Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Circle card no. 6

By Michelle Nichols


You can learn more from failurethan success.I was reminded of this recently

when I was looking to buy some Webservices. I always try to buy servicesfrom local vendors, so I can meet themin person and get a gut-check before Iinvest my time and money. I located alocal specialized provider, called him tobriefly discuss my situation, and set atime to meet for coffee.

A few hours later, he surprised me bye-mailing me some research results re-garding my site. He went on to describeadditional services he could do for meand quoted me one price for all the workrolled together.

Then the absurdity began.“If you choose not to go with me on

this job, you can pay my usual consult-ant fee of $500 and use the info con-tained in this e-mail any way you want.”

To top it off, he gave me his PayPalaccount information and his personalbank routing details!

Red FlagsI admit this is an extreme example,

but it is a true one, and you can learnfrom it. This guy made several classicselling mistakes. He tried to blackmailme into sending him $500, upsold meby adding additional services withoutmy approval, and attempted to close thesale way too early in the process.

Naturally, I cancelled our meeting.But instead of learning from his over-eagerness, he defended it.

He argued, “You must have misun-derstood my e-mail. On my Web site Ihave my fees clearly posted. . . . I askpeople not to call me unless they areserious. I thought you were serious,not window shopping. . . . You said youread my Web site. I expect to be paid formy work. Sorry you do not agree. . . .Asking you for a consultation fee is notout of line. If you think it is, you aremistaken.”

This time, he made a few more sell-ing mistakes. He assumed that since heposted his prices on his Web site, I hadagreed to them. In addition, he impliedI was stupid, not a serious customer,wanted him to work without payinghim, and was mistaken about currentbusiness practices. Frankly, it bogglesmy mind to think this guy stays inbusiness.

His error-filled selling style remindedme of some important sales lessons.

Money precedes work.If qualified potential customers ask

for a meeting, don’t do any customizedwork on their behalf before the meeting.Of course, you should do some back-ground research on their needs andbuying styles. However, don’t do anybillable work until you have a signedagreement in your hand and theirdeposit check in your bank account.

Doing work before contracts andmoney were exchanged gave that guy Iwas telling you about a martyr complex.It wasn’t my fault he did some research.Now he was trying to make it my prob-lem. Who needs that aggravation?

Don’t be greedy.Upselling customers to buy more

than they asked for is a great way to in-crease your sales, but quote those pricesseparately and only after they’ve agreedto buy what they came to you for in thefirst place.

Let’s say you sell pump installationservices. Narrow down exactly whichkind of pump system would fit yourcustomer’s needs best and agree to aprice. Then you can sell him a mainte-nance contract or even a fake rock tocover the well cap. Otherwise, you risklosing the sale of the well over the saleof the add-ons.

Don’t resort to high pressure.You can’t badger intelligent cus-

tomers into paying for something theydidn’t order. You might win the selling-through-intimidation game occasionally,but it’s not worth the stress, bad reputa-tion, and lawsuits. Forget about it!

Beware of assumptions.There’s a classic sales technique

called “Assume the close.” It suggests atthe end of your sales presentation youact as if your client has agreed to pur-chase. You say something like “Wouldyou like it in red or blue?” or “Wouldyou like us to deliver your first pallet ofproducts on next Tuesday or the follow-ing Wednesday?” If your customer saysyes to your question, they’ve said yes tothe entire sale.

While this is still an excellent closingtechnique, it is only appropriate at theclose of the sale—not, as was in mycase, before you even sit down for thefirst sip of java. In my example, givingme his financial account information

Michelle Nichols is a professional salesspeaker, trainer, and consultant based inReno, Nevada. Her Savvy Selling Success Packis available through NGWA. She can bereached toll-free at (877) 352-9684 or [email protected].

Classic Selling MistakesA surreal, error-ridden exchange with a surly vendor is a case study

on how to avoid common sales slip-ups.

was not only inappropriate and unprofessional, it was down-right risky. This information should only be exchanged over asecure site, not in an introductory sales letter.

Make pricing relevant to value.The main purpose of most Web sites and sales flyers is to

get customers to talk to you about their specific needs and sit-uation. Then you can establish the value of your offering andtalk about your pricing. Notice that price comes last in thesales process. That’s because price alone is meaningless, it’swhat your customers get for their money that they really careabout.

You be the fall guy or gal.When communication errors occur, take responsibility for

them. Apologize and move on. Never imply your customerswere wrong or they will get defensive and your sale will beover. You probably don’t like being told you’re wrong by yourown mother. You’ll like it even less from a total stranger.

The most important lesson you can take from this crazyand misguided sales exchange is that selling is much morethan just telling the facts. Selling starts with building connec-tions to your customers, understanding their needs, and walk-ing them through your sales process.

At the end of this path is your pot of gold—more money inthe bank and more happy customers—and there’s nothing atall crazy about that.

Happy selling! WWJ

Submit your NGWA award nominations today.NGWA awards honor the best of the best and cover all sectors of the groundwater industry. Submit your nomination today in one or more of the following categories.

NGWA Awards of ExcellenceRoss L . Oliver Award

M. King Hubbert Award

Robert Storm Interdivisional Cooperation Award

Technology Award

Honorary Member Award

Life Member Award

Safety Advocate Award

Equipment Design Award

Outstanding Ground Water Project Awards

Ground Water Supply Award

Ground Water Protection Award

Ground Water Remediation Award

NGWA Divisional AwardsJohn Hem Award for Excellence in Science & Engineering

Keith E. Anderson Award

Manufacturers Division Special Recognition Award

Supplier of the Year Award

Whoinspiresyou?Submit your awardnomination today.

®

For details on eligibility, past recipients, and NGWA awardnomination forms, visit www.NGWA.org or call customer service at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791 outside theUnited States). Forms must bereceived at NGWA headquarters on or before August 1, 2011for this year’s awards.

Circle card no. 3

Circle card no. 24

Iron Bacteria? Rusty Water?Manganese? Hydrogen Sulfur?

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Let us show you how ourDry Pellet Chlorinators can treatthese and other nuisance well waterproblems. Give us a call, or visit us

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Income is income to many of us.In truth, though, there are two typesof income and they differ sharply intheir effect on investors.Many investors, especially retirees,

depend on their portfolios to provideday-to-day living expenses. In otherwords, they need to draw spendableincome from their savings.For any investor with that need, there

are plenty of income products availablein the marketplace, many of which toutattractive dividend or interest payments.The trouble is, income-seeking investorsdon’t need that kind of income. Theyneed cash in hand, and there is a bigdifference.Uncle Sam is the wild card here.

Whether you’re at or near retirement orjust getting started in your business ca-reer, you need to know the differencebetween income and cash in hand.Let’s say you are a conservative

investor with a portfolio totaling$500,000, all in blue-chip corporatebonds. With an average return of 4%,you could withdraw $20,000 per yearwithout touching your principal.While you now have $20,000 in

income, the trouble is you won’t have$20,000 cash in hand to spend afterUncle Sam grabs his share. And keep inmind that today’s lowered tax rate ondividends and interest are scheduled to

expire in a couple of years when yourshare will get even smaller.So then what is the income-seeking

investor to do?Let’s consider another hypothetical

example. In this case, you have a moreconventional portfolio made up of anassortment of equities, bonds, and cashequivalents appreciating at the rate of6% a year. Now you can withdraw asmuch as $30,000 (6% of $500,000)without touching your principal, and ifyou do it right, you can wind up with allor most of that $30,000 cash in hand.In your hypothetical portfolio return-

ing 6% per year, not all of the stockswill appreciate in value. Unless youhave a talent for picking only winners,some will go up and some will go down.By selling only those equities that havegone down in price, you’ll accomplish acouple of important objectives.Those sales will produce no income as

far as the IRS is concerned. Not only willyou have no tax to pay on the cash fromyour sales, you will have tax write-offsthat will allow you to deduct up to $3000a year from any other taxable income youmay have. This tax-sensitive approach togarnering income from a portfolio pro-duces dramatically different results thanthe first hypothetical example.Of course, both of these examples are

hypothetical. Still, they demonstrate theimportance of tax-sensitive investing.Uncle Sam wants to take a bite out ofyour income pie and he’ll take as big abite as you allow.A respected judge pointed out many

years ago, “Anyone may so arrange hisaffairs that his taxes shall be as low aspossible. He is not bound to choose thatpattern which will best pay the Treasury.

There is not even a patriotic duty to in-crease one’s taxes.”To paraphrase the judge: While tax

evasion is illegal, using tax-minimizingstrategies is not only legal, it’s commonsense. The road to improving after-taxreturns is not always as obvious as thehypothetical examples suggest, but thereare strategies commonly recommendedby financial professionals to help.

The buy and hold approachOne way to improve tax efficiency

is to avoid frequent buying and selling.Not only can this help to minimize capi-tal gains taxes, it also helps to reducethe burden of costly broker’s commis-sions. In general, seeking long-termgains instead of a steady series of costlyshort-term gains is a more tax-wiseapproach.

The wise use of tax lossesYou’re probably familiar with the

IRS provision that allows you to offsetcapital gains with capital losses. So ifyou sell a stock that has a long-termcapital gain of $4000, it might be worthyour while to sell a poorly performingstock to offset that gain. If your loss is$3500, you can deduct up to $3000 ofthat loss against your capital gain andcarry forward to future tax years the re-maining $500 to offset either gains orordinary income. If the poorly perform-ing stock you sold is from a companythat you have faith in, you can alwaysbuy it back after 31 days. If not, you’remost likely better off without it.

Bill Lynott is a management consultant,author, and lecturer who writes on businessand financial topics for a number of publica-tions. His book, Money: How to Make the Mostof What You’ve Got, is available through anybookstore. You can reach him at [email protected] or through his Web site: www.blynott.com.

By William J. Lynott


Tax-Sensitive InvestingInvestors need to know strategies to minimize the taxes on their portfolio.

The important difference between taxable andtax-deferred accountsOne of the most fundamental strategies for tax-wise invest-

ing is the proper placement of investments in taxable vs. tax-deferred accounts. In general, it’s best to place tax-efficientinvestments in taxable accounts, while less tax-efficient in-vestments should be placed in tax-deferred accounts. For ex-ample, if your portfolio consists of some tax-free municipalbonds, tax-wise strategy would call for placing them in tax-able accounts, while taxable corporate bonds are best held intax-deferred accounts.

Weigh long-term vs. short-termIf you have a stock that has appreciated significantly and

you want to take your profit, it may be worthwhile to post-pone selling it until you’ve had it for a full year, especially ifyou’re not too far away from that date. If you hold on to astock for at least a full year, any gain realized on that holdingwill be taxed at the long-term capital gains rate (currently15%).

Shorter holding periods will be taxed at ordinaryincome tax ratesFrom time to time, you may want to examine your entire

portfolio from a tax perspective. Although tax considerationsshouldn’t rule your portfolio management decisions, tax-wiseinvesting can help reduce income taxes while maximizinggains in the future. WWJ

Circle card no. 40

Circle card no. 29

Water Well Journal June 2011 51/Circle card no. 38

WATER LEVEL METERThis newly designed Powers Well Sounder is a transistorized instrumentbuilt to easily and accurately test the static or standing water level ina well with the pump idle, drawdown with the pumprunning, and recovery with the pump off. Unit doesnot have to be laboriously held in one hand to lowerand raise the cable in and out of the well asrequired by most open reel models. New featuresinclude Hot Foil Marking System with CablePermanently Imprinted with a 4 digit sequentialnumber, marked in 1 foot or 500 millimeterincrements. On/Off toggle switch,audible beeper and test switch.The unit is portable, self-contained,and trouble-free. Any length of two-conductor cable is available to 2000feet maximum. Heavy-gauge metalcase with high gloss enamel finish.Inexpensive flexible brass beadedelectrode. Prompt shipment from stockon all orders, including replacementparts and repairs. Assurance of qualityand satisfaction guaranteed.

Brochure and Price Listavailable upon request.

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(559) 275-3030Fax: (559) 275-2657

E-mail: [email protected]://www.powerselectric.com


Inhis soft, yes sir, no sir, “I’mcountry as it gets” South Carolinadrawl, Tommy Gainey’s personal-ity and game screams unconven-

tional PGATour golf professional.The distinct twang in his accent to

his baseball-like golf swing to play-ing with two gloves that led to his“Two Gloves” nickname, Gainey isliving proof that being different worksin professional golf. Yes, you can’tknock a man for staying true to form.“God gave me this ability and this

talent to put it to good use and do greatthings, and that’s my plan,” says the35-year-old whose playing career iscontinuing to ascend.Humility makes up a large part of

this 6-foot, 180-pound professionalgolfer. It was born from his struggles tomake it on the PGATour and his blue-

collar upbringing insmall-town Bishopville,South Carolina, 50 mileseast of Columbia. Hishumbleness—not typi-cally seen in today’sego-driven, look-at-mesports world—is bothhonest and refreshing. It’s yet anothertrait of Gainey’s that runs against thegrain.He is steadfast in saying money and

fame will never change him, admitting“If that happens, I’ve lost. I just try tohave fun with it. That’s what it’s allabout.”It was never about huge paychecks

or being seen by millions of viewerson television. No, what drove the fun-loving but determined Gainey ever sincehe was 15 was simple: to become a pro-fessional golfer.They say one needs talent and luck

to do so. Gainey can attest to that, butwhen it came to making his dream areality, he preferred the tried and truesaying that “anything in life worthhaving is worth working for,” a lessoningrained by parents who labored in thetextile mill industry.

“He deserves every accolade that heever achieves because nobody worksharder than him,” says Tommy’syounger brother and best friend, Allen.Outside of talent, luck, or hard work,

a circle of supporters composed of fam-ily and friends is critical to the successof a professional golfer. Many havebacked Gainey financially, includinghis father, Tommy Sr., who dipped intohis 401(k) savings to keep his son inch-ing closer to reaching the PGATour.And now that he has arrived, Gainey

wants more.Sponsored by former employer A. O.

Smith Corp., a global manufacturer ofresidential and commercial water heat-ing equipment, Gainey is vying to winhis first PGATour event and qualify forThe Masters Tournament.“Hopefully one day he’ll get his

dream because life is about dreams,”Tommy Sr. says.

● ● ●It’s the mid-1990s, and Gainey is

working at A. O. Smith’s engineeringlab, testing hot water heaters at the com-pany’s plant in McBee, South Carolina.He soon moves to wrapping insula-

tion around the tanks on the assembly


Mike Price is the associateeditor of Water Well Journal.In addition to his WWJ respon-sibilities, Price produces NGWA’snewsletters and contributesto the Association’s quarterly

scientific publication. He can be reached [email protected].


Living His DreamSponsored by former employer A. O. Smith Corp., Tommy Gainey is fulfilling a goal of playing professional golf.

BY MIKE PRICE

line, a no-frill, no-nonsense, $9.15 perhour position. He appreciates the workethic required and gets more responsi-bility installing electrical parts. Golf ispushed to after work where he tees it upin the summer or on weekends.In case his dream doesn’t come true,

Gainey receives a degree in industrialmaintenance from Central CarolinaTechnical College just outside ofDarlington.Living with his parents, trying to

make a living, and shooting a round onoccasion, life intrudes. Gainey’s friend,Cliff Wilson, pays most of his $750entrance fee at the 1997 TearDrop Tourevent in Columbia. With no paid timeoff, Gainey uses a couple of sick daysand winds up winning his first prostart and $15,000. Wilson tells him hedoesn’t want any of the winnings, justfor Gainey to try golf full-time.Two years of chasing a career on

the mini-tour throughout the Southeastensue. When his parents begin havinghealth problems, he returns to Bishop-ville. Back to the 9-to-5 grind, Gaineymoves furniture until an opening atA. O. Smith’s plant opens.“I think the two stints at A. O. Smith

were the difference in Tommy’s life,”says Tommy Sr., “because it showed himthe difference of what most people haveto do. That you have to get out there andwork your tail off for a living.”In late 2002, friends chip in enough

money for Gainey to play a GatewayTour event in Myrtle Beach. He losesthe title on the first playoff hole, butmore importantly thinks “I can playwith these guys.”After playing in Monday After The

Masters, an annual charity function,Gainey gets an invitation to appear onthe Golf Channel’s reality competition,“Big Break.”The competition is held in historic

St. Andrews, Scotland, with Gaineyknown as a “small-town golfer fromsmall-town USA.”His grip and unorthodox swing, with

a flatter takeaway than most, causes himto stand out. His swing came from hisdays as a promising high school base-ball player; the two-glove look how hisfather played golf.“When they saw him with the swing,

the two gloves, there was a little bit oflaughing,” Dan Higgins, the Golf Chan-

nel spokesman who was at St. Andrewswith Gainey, tells the Associated Press.That changes when they see Gainey’s

towering drives and accurate irons.Needing birdies on his final two

holes to guarantee his first trip to thefinal stage, he gets them.The transformation of Gainey during

the competition is evident to Higgins,who says he didn’t see a PGATourplayer when he arrived. “He beganpicking things up and taking thingsseriously.”But not too serious where fans didn’t

see the real Tommy Gainey, a “good ol’country boy” who endears himself tofans.“I thought he was a great fit because

he appealed to the common man fromhis background and appealed to thecommon golfer with his golf swing,”his brother Allen says.

● ● ●

Fondly remembered as the “BMWstory,” Tommy Sr. labels it his proudestmoment as Tommy’s father.Allen is caddying for Tommy at his

first Nationwide Tour event, the BMWCharity Pro-Am at The Cliffs in May2007 in Greenville, South Carolina.One shot off the lead heading into

the final round, Tommy cards a 77 andmisses the top 25 cutoff that would’vequalified him for the following week.Walking the last hole, he begins handingout a dozen or so golf balls and three tofour gloves to fans lining the fairway.Just his way of giving back to those whocame out to the event.As Allen and Tommy exit the scoring

tent, a father and his 3-year-old sonapproach them.“Al, do you have anything else I can

sign for this kid?” Tommy asks. “No,Tommy” Allen says.The father and son begin to walk

away when Tommy says, “Wait aminute,” removes his hat, signs it, andgives it to the boy.“That shows a little about the person-

ality and character of my brother,” Allensays.

It’s also Allen’s proudest moment ofhis brother. The two talk every day, andTommy says “no one knows my gamebetter than him.”In December 2008, Gainey reached

his lifelong ambition, earning his tourcard by finishing tied for 19th at thePGAQ-School and finishing in secondplace to Davis Love III at the Children’sMiracle Network Classic at Disney.Once A. O. Smith saw Tommy turn-

ing golf into a career, the companyelected to sponsor him in 2009, whichwas later extended through 2011. Evenhis sponsorship is unique in that it’s nota golf brand, allowing him to play withgolf clubs of his choice.“Tommy’s going to be Tommy no

matter if he makes millions of dollarson tour or if he’s working at the A. O.Smith plant,” says David Chisolm, mar-keting brand manager for A. O. Smith.He lives in Camden to remain close

to his family. Still likes to practice byplaying a round rather than work on hisgame at the range. Still likes barbequeand steak and potatoes. Still the playfulbut persistent dream chaser.“I owe a lot of thanks and credit

and support to all of the people at A. O.Smith for giving me the opportunity towork there,” Tommy says.The career of Tommy “Two Gloves”

Gainey is beginning to pick up steam.He has blossomed on the PGATour in2011, making the cut more times than heever has in a season and had back-to-back third-place finishes in a pair oftournaments this year—one of whichwas The Heritage in his native SouthCarolina.Whether he wins a PGATour event

or plays The Masters Tournament, onething is certain.“He treats the other guys like you

want to be treated,” Tommy Sr. says.“He did it on the mini-tour. It’s just inhis blood. He’s made himself into theman that every father would be proudof.” WWJ


“God gave me this ability andthis talent to put it to gooduse and do great things,and that’s my plan.”

As of May 2, in 14 events this season,Tommy Gainey has made nine cuts,finished in the top 10 four times,and banked $1.25 million, enough tosecure his playing privileges for 2012.To follow Gainey, visit his Web siteat www.twogloves.com.


June 6–10/ 16th Annual Contaminatedand Hazardous Waste Site ManagementCourse: Theory, Practice and OutdoorField Demonstrations/ Toronto, Ontario.Web: www.contaminatedsite.comJune 12–16/ American Water WorksAssociation’s 130th Annual Conference& Exposition: ACE11/ Washington, D.C.Web: www.awwa.orgJune 14–17/ Hydrogeology FieldMethods Course: What You Didn’t Learnin School/ Andover, Minnesota. PH: (800)551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail:[email protected], Web: www.ngwa.orgJuly 18–19/ Groundwater Systems: Man-aging the Resource/ Chicago, Illinois.PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786,E-mail: [email protected],Web: www.ngwa.orgJuly 27–29/ A Field Experience for EarthScience Teachers—Learn About Ground-water and Wells/ Flagstaff, Arizona.PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786,E-mail: [email protected],Web: www.ngwa.org

July 30–August 1/ SouthAtlantic Well Drillers Jubilee/ MyrtleBeach, South Carolina. Web: www.well-drillers.com/jubilee.phpAugust 8–9/ Groundwater: Cities,Suburbs, and Growth Areas—Remedyingthe Past and Managing for the Future/Los Angeles, California. PH: (800)551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail:[email protected], Web: www.ngwa.orgAugust 21–27/ World Water Week/Stockholm, Sweden. Web: www.worldwaterweek.orgAugust 23–24/ Declining GroundwaterLevels: Measuring, Monitoring, andMitigation—An NGWA Virtual Confer-ence Online/ PH: (800) 551-7379. Fax:(614) 898-7786, E-mail: [email protected], Web: www.ngwa.orgSeptember 13/ Protect Your GroundwaterDay/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: [email protected],Web: www.ngwa.orgSeptember 18/ World Water MonitoringDay/ Web: www.worldwatermonitoringday.org

September 19–20/ EnvironmentalForensics/ Albuquerque, New Mexico.PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786,E-mail: [email protected], Web:www.ngwa.orgSeptember 21/ Road Salt in Groundwaterand Environmental Impacts WebinarOnline/ PH: (800) 551-7379. Fax: (614)898-7786, E-mail: [email protected], Web: www.ngwa.orgSeptember 26–27/ NGWA Focus Confer-ence on Fractured Rock and EasternGroundwater Regional Issues/ Burlington,Vermont. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614)898-7786, E-mail: [email protected], Web: www.ngwa.orgOctober 4–6/ 2011 GroundwaterFoundation National Conference andGroundwater Guardian and Green SitesDesignation Celebration—Let’s KeepIt Clean: Exploring a CollaborativeApproach to Groundwater Protection/Omaha, Nebraska. Web: www.groundwater.org/pe/conference.html

October 13–15/ WashingtonState Ground Water AssociationConvention/ Everett, Washington. Web:www.wsgwa.org/education.aspOctober 21/ 2011 South Carolina GroundWater Association Fall Meeting/ Colum-bia, South Carolina. PH: (803) 356-6809,Fax: (803) 356-6826, E-mail: [email protected], Web: www.scgwa.org

November 3–5/ CaliforniaGroundwater Association 2011 AnnualConvention and Trade Show/ Reno,Nevada. PH: (707) 578-4408November 8–9/ Indiana Ground WaterAssociation 2011 Convention/ WestLafayette, Indiana. PH: (317) 889-2382November 11/ 2011 Ohio Water WellAssociation Annual Convention andTrade Show/ Location TBA. PH: (937)278-0308

November 29–December 2/ 2011NGWA Ground Water Expo and AnnualMeeting/ Las Vegas, Nevada. PH: (800)551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail:[email protected], Web:www.ngwa.org

*Dates shown in red are National GroundWater Association events.

COMING EVENTS


*Dates shown with are eventswhere the National Ground WaterResearch and Educational Foundation’sMcEllhiney Lecture will be presented.

Circle card no. 23

BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING SYSTEMS For Ground Water Applications

*Aquifer Properties* *Deviation* *Flow* *Screen Location* *Video* *ELog*

MATRIX PORTABLE GROUND WATER LOGGER

Mount Sopris Instruments, 4975 E. 41st Ave., Denver, CO 80216 ph: 303.279.3211 fx: 303.279.2730

www.mountsopris.com


Become a Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller.Set yourself head and shoulders above the rest.

national ground water association

ABILITYEXPERIENCE

KNOWLEDGE

CVCL

D

CERTIFIED VERTICALCLOSED LOOP DRILLER

For more information on the CVCLD, as well as other certifications offered through NGWA, visit www.NGWA.org or call NGWA customer service at 800 551.7379 or 614 898.7791.

NGWA’s Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller—CVCLD— designation demonstrates to your customers that you’ve taken that extra step to set yourself head and shoulders above the competition, protect groundwater, and obtain optimal system performance when it comes to the con-struction of closed loop well systems for ground source heat pump applications.

Prove your real-worldknowledge, experience, skills, and competency by passing a75-question multiple-choiceexam. Call PSI LaserGrade,the administrator of NGWA’s certification exams, at800 211.2754 (360 896.9111 outside the United States)to schedule your exam at anyone of its more than 1,000locations.

Circle card no. 28

NEW ADDITIONAries Industries Inc., a water well

video inspection sys-tems manufacturerheadquartered inWaukesha, Wisconsin,has added Nick Krollas president and CEOto lead the organiza-tion toward continuedgrowth domesticallyand globally. Kroll joins Aries Industrieswith a background in business develop-ment, strategic planning, acquisitions,organizational development, and cus-tomer service focused primarily on theindustrial marketplace.

AWARDSBoart Longyear’s Diamond Drillers

were nominated for the De BeersCanada 2010 CEOAward for Safety,Health, and Environment for their im-peccable safety record at the Snap LakeMine for not only 2010, but the life ofthe mine. Boart Longyear drilling teamshave been working underground at Snap

Lake Mine, which is located about 140miles northeast of Yellowknife, North-west Territories, for five years and havenever had a lost time injury.

The National Safety Council honoredSchneider Electric North America withthe 2011 Green Cross for Safety Medalfor its outstanding achievement in work-place and off-the-job safety. SchneiderElectric, a global specialist in energymanagement, is the first Green Crossfor Safety honoree to also win NSC’sRobert W. Campbell Award, which rec-ognizes organizations that demonstrateworld-class operational safety, environ-mental, and health performance.

Water For People and CEO NedBreslin were recipients of the 2011 SkollAward for Social Entrepreneurship bythe Skoll Foundation. Water For Peopleand Breslin were honored for their workto create sustainable, locally-maintaineddrinking water and sanitation solutionsin developing countries. The SkollFoundation chooses each year a selectgroup of social entrepreneurs and theirorganizations working around the world

in the areas of tolerance and humanrights, health, environmental sustain-ability, peace and security, and eco-nomic and social equity.

BUSINESS GROWTHGrundfos Pumps Corp., one of the

world’s largest pump manufacturerswith companies in more than 50 coun-tries throughout the world including theUnited States, announced that 2010yielded the best results for the company,which is headquartered in Denmark.The 2010 sales reached $3.7 billion,compared to $3.2 billion in 2009.

Godwin Pumps, manufacturer of theDri-Prime automatic self-priming, dry-running pump, has announced the open-ing of a new branch office in Dallas,Texas. The office is co-located with ITTFlowtronics. The new facility providessales, rentals, and service of the Dri-Prime, hydraulic submersible Heidra,and gasoline-powered Wet-Primepumps. Also available are pipe, hose,and other accessories.

NEWSMAKERS

Nick Kroll

Circle card no. 21 Circle card no. 41

Some features ofthe GeoVISIONTM

Deluxe System:● Excellent video from

places that no othersystems will work.

● Five cable lengths forvideo inspection to2000 feet underwater.

● Six interchangeablecamera heads for usein bores from 1 inch tomany feet in diameter.

● Motorized pan-tilt for usein mines and wells over4 inches in diameter.

GeoVISIONTM Borehole Cameras

By Marks Products Inc.www.geovision.orgFor a free DVD,

call (800) 255-1353or e-mail

[email protected]

● Dual Scan micro camerafor easy switching betweendown and side views

● All GeoVISIONTM systemscome with excellentsupport, practical advice,and repair service.


McElroy Manufacturing, a designer,manufacturer, and marketer of fusionequipment, announced the addition oftwo new international distributors. Theauthorized distributors are OPD Solu-tions of Norway and Gulf Services andIndustrial Supplies Co. LLC of Oman.

The Connecticut Water Co., awholly owned subsidiary of ConnecticutWater Service Inc., announced that ithas completed the acquisition of theGreen Springs Water Co. in Madison,Connecticut.

NSF International, an independentpublic health and safety organization,has opened a new chlorine resistancetesting laboratory at its headquarters inAnn Arbor, Michigan. NSF’s engineerswork directly with companies to meettheir needs for chlorine resistance test-ing, research and development projects,and pre-production testing.

CHARITYAbanaki Corp., which has specialized

in oil skimming technology for more

than 40 years, acknowledged Earth Day2011 by donating $1 per oil skimmerand oil skimmer belt sold through theend of May to Charity: Water, a non-profit organization working to bringclean and safe drinking water to peoplein developing nations.

Hach Co., a developer of solutionsused to test the quality of water, liquids,and air based in Loveland, Colorado,donated $35,000 in cash and products tosupport Water For People’s sustainableclean water and sanitation projects inHonduras and a country in Africa.

APPOINTMENTGeothermal Exchange Organization

announced that Douglas A. Doughertyhas accepted the posi-tion of president. Priorto accepting his newposition with GEO,Dougherty was presi-dent of the IllinoisTelecommunicationsAssociation.

NEW LOGO

Dynasonics, a division of RacineFederated Inc., unveiled a new divi-sional logo. This has been a critical yearin Dynasonics’ growth and developmentwith the introduction of new products,including an ultrasonic hybrid portableflowmeter and new market expansion.

NEWSMAKERS

Gain military guidance ondrilling — without enlisting.

The Procedures for Well Drilling Operations CD is an invaluable guide for those who plan, design, and drill water wells, as well as an excellent resource for those studying for NGWA contractor certification testing.

Taken from a manual put together by the U.S. Air Force, Army, and Navy, this CD focuses on techniques and procedures for installing wells. Topics covered range from drilling methods and alternative well construction to pumps and well performance testing procedures.

To order your copy of Procedures for Well Drilling Operations, visit the NGWA bookstore at www.NGWA.org or call 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791).

Procedures for Well Drilling OperationsCatalog #T050NGWA member price $25.00Nonmember price $32.50

Do you have any news about yourcompany or someone at your firm?If so, send all the necessary informationto: Mike Price, Water Well Journal,601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081.E-mail: [email protected]. Deadline is15th of two months preceding publica-tion (June 15 for August issue).

Doug Dougherty

Circle card no. 26Twitter @WaterWellJournl Water Well Journal June 2011 57/

Solinst Offers Flexible MultilevelMonitoring System

Obtain quality subsurface data usinga Solinst CMT Multilevel System. CMTsystems monitor multiple depth discretezones within a single borehole. Idealfor direct push installations, Solinst 3-Channel CMT Multilevel Systemsprovide assessors with soil gas andgroundwater data in narrow applica-tions. Bentonite cartridges fit conve-niently over the 1.1-inch tubing to

reliably seal monitoring zones, while ac-companying sand cartridges completethe installations. CMT systems workwell for shallow applications to 150 feet

and are ideal for vertical profiling. Mon-itor up to seven discrete zones in the1.7-inch system. The single tube offerseffective sealing. Monitoring zonespacked off using bentonite eliminatevertical contamination between sand-packed sampling ports. The designmakes it efficient and easy to drill andinstall in one day. The system flexibilityallows port locations and monitoringstrategy to be finalized right on site.

Circle card no. 50

Boart Longyear Releases NewSafety Tooling to CombatHand Injuries

Boart Longyear, a global integrateddrilling products and services provider,has developed two new products tocombat hand injuries on the job: theRod Lifter and the Split Tube Loader.The Boart Longyear Rod Lifter is ahandheld and lightweight solution thatis ergonomically designed to allowproper lifting techniques, keep the wristand hand in a neutral position to elimi-nate strain, and protect fingers frompinch points and sharp surfaces. TheRod Lifter also prevents thread damageand eliminates pipe slippage through theuse of a specially designed carbide rodgrip. Split tubes and outer casing canbecome sharp and often contain metalburrs, and drillers often suffer hand lac-erations and other injuries due to theseconditions, even when wearing properprotective gloves. The Boart LongyearSplit Tube Loader is designed to elimi-nate hand contact with these sharp,jagged edges. Designed to fit multiplesplit tube diameters, the Split TubeLoader fits comfortably in the hand andkeeps fingers away from dangerous con-tact points.

Circle card no. 51

Pentair Launches a Heavyweightin AquaMatic Stager Controllers

The new AquaMatic NXT StagerController from Pentair Residential Fil-tration can be described as a heavy-weight in the water industry’s stagercontrollers for its ability to fine-tunestager operation for almost every appli-cation. It features a new intuitive inter-

FEATURED PRODUCTS


face for controlling AquaMatic valves,an enhanced 2×16 full-text backlit dis-play, detailed intuitive readouts, anduser-friendly programming. The con-troller also features diagnostic feedback,power backup, and a number of otheroptions designed to meet the customers’needs. Under the Pentair Water brand,the new AquaMatic NXT Stager Con-troller is available in the 48ES and 51ESSeries configurations.

Circle card no. 52

Rovver X Crawler InspectsFarther into Pipes

Steerable six-wheel drive, adaptablearchitecture, and portability have madeRovver, created by Envirosight LLC, arespected brandin pipe inspec-tion. The newRovver X en-hances themwith an ex-tended crawlrange (1000 feetwith options upto 1650 feet),ultra-portablethree-piece layout, and a powerful Win-Can-compatible touchscreen controlpendant with digital recording. A bolt-on carriage broadens Rovver X’s stanceand raises its height, letting you inspectsix 48-inch pipes with the camera cen-tered using just a single crawler. Thenew pendant captures MPEG video andJPEG images, and logs observations fordirect upload to WinCan. Twin multi-function joysticks keep operation simpleand natural, while handy macros auto-mate everyday inspection routines. Thependant accepts USB media and con-nects via Rovver-Link for remote diag-nostics and firmware updates. Rovver Xalso delivers several other firsts for a

mid-size Rovver crawler: a detachableremote-operated camera lift, three illu-minated onboard cameras (forwardpan/tilt/zoom, cable view, and elevatedrear-view), integrated sensor package(sonde, dual lasers, inclination, roll),and concurrent control for all systemfunctions.

Circle card no. 53

WorldWide Electric BecomesExclusive Distributor ofHyundai’s Low-VoltageElectric Motor Line

WorldWide Electric announced that ithas reached a long-term agreement withHyundai Heavy Industries to be the ex-clusive master distributor and represen-tative for Hyundai’s low-voltage electricmotor line for North America. The prod-uct line includes Premium EfficientTEFC, IEEE-841, IEC aluminum frame,IEC cast iron, marine duty, and explo-sion proof motors.

Circle card no. 54

High Quality Double ValvePumps from Solinst ProvideConsistent Samples

Solinst Model 408 double valvepumps are positive displacement gasdrive pumps providing consistent sam-ples and excellent VOC sample results.Pumps are available in stainless steel⅝-inch diameter, and in either stainlesssteel or PVC 1.66-inch diameter. PVCpumps operate to 100 feet while stain-

less steel pumps can operate to 500 feet.Double valve pumps are ideal for low-flow sampling as well as for higherpurge rates. They can be fitted withpackers to control groundwater flowand limit purge requirements. Portablepumps come with tubing on a free-standing reel, while dedicated versionscome with tubing and well caps idealfor long-term monitoring. Pumps canbe disassembled in minutes for easydecontamination.

Circle card no. 55

Flexi-Drive Remote ValveOperator for Power and ProcessIndustries

Allowing remote operation of valveslocated in hard-to-reach or dangerousareas, Smith Flow Control offers theFlexi-Drive valve actuator. Flexi-Drivehas proven effective for use in thepower industry and chemical, petro-chemical, and oil processing industries.Flexi-Drive attaches to the host valvewith no modifications required. Apatented flexible linear drive cable con-nects the valve to a handwheel up to 200feet away, accommodating 540 degreesof bends in the cable run. The systemcan be passed around and through walls,bulkheads, and floors and is completelysealed and permanently lubricated formaintenance-free operation. Flexi-Driveis completely submersible, operating inwater up to 50 feet. It is constructedfrom corrosion-resistant 316 stainlesssteel, and designed to withstand temper-atures from –65° to 400°F. The Flexi-Drive’s clutching system replaces thesheer pins used by similar products,ensuring reliable operation throughoutits 20,000 valve cycle service life.

Circle card no. 56


FEATURED PRODUCTS


75 Electric Motors

EQUIPMENT WANTED: Electric mo-tors wanted. Vertical hollow shaft pumpmo-tors. 20 to 500 hp good or bad, will pick up.PH: (800) 541-1562.


57 Direct Push Supplies

Manufacturer of Pre-Pack ScreensStandard Pre-Pack

When You Would Set A Traditional WellEconomy Pre-Pack

When Cost Is A Factor20% Open Area High Yield Pre-Pack

For Use In Low Yield WellsAll Stainless Steel Pre-Pack

For Aggressive Groundwater EnvironmentsNon-Metal Pre-Pack

When Metal Components Are Not CompatibleAnnular Seals

Foam Bridges, Bentonite & Quick-SleevesMultiple Sizes Available

1/2-in, 3/4-in, 1-in, 1.25-in, 1.5-in, 2-in

Toll Free 1-888-240-4328Phone: 1-609-631-8939 Fax: 1-609-631-0993ectmfg.com proactivepumps.com torquerplug.com

**We Stock Geoprobe® Compatible Supplies & Tooling***Proactive® Pumps Master Distributor*

Classified Advertising/Marketplace

3 Appraisals 18 Breakout Tools

BREAKOUT TOOLSSEmCO Inc.

All Hydraulic Hydrorench

S110H In Stock

1-10�� Four Rollers

Breaks Pipe

make Pipe to Torque Specs

800-541-1562

15 Bits

Bits, subs, stabilizers, hole openers, etc.Over 10,000 bits in stock.

8643 Bennett Rd.P.O. Box 714

Benton, IL 62812www.rlcbit.com

Ph: (618) 435-5000Cell: (618) 927-2676Cell: (618) 927-5586Fax: (618) 438-0026

Jason CornE-mail: [email protected]

Rick CornE-mail: [email protected]

BitService Inc.

R L C

Palmer Bit Company has been recognized worldwide for providing thehighest quality bits to the drilling indus-try for over 50 years. We manufacturebits for drilling everything from clays tolimestone. With our experience we canhelp lower your bit cost, with the properbit selection for your drilling conditions.We are available 24/7 to assist you withany questions you may have.

Call 800-421-2487Satisfaction Guaranteed www.palmerbit.com

MC/VISA accepted

19 Bucket Drill Rigs

EqU I P m E N T WA N T E D

Gus Pech bucket/boring rigs, any condition. Support equipment,buckets, etc. Other brand considered.(816) 517-4532 / Jared Sisk

Equipment AppraisalsNationally recognized and accred-ited equipment appraisals for waterwell drill rigs and well drilling equip-ment for banks, lenders, mergers,accountants, estate planning, IRS,and auctions. Experienced, knowl-edgeable, and recognized world-wide in the water well drillingindustry. Accurate and confidentialappraisal reports.

SALVADORE AUCTIONS & APPRAISALS

401.792.4300 �� www.siaai.comPut your company’s

message here!Classified advertising is a great wayto reach the water well industry.

Call Shelby to make arrangements at1-800-551-7379 ext 523.

NSF Approved Polyethylene Fittings & Pipe

Residential & Commer-cial Flow Centers

Radiant Buffer Tanks

Over 600 distributors

nationwide & Canada.

99 Geothermal Services

71 Drilling Equipment

817-927-8486 www.watsonusa.com

[email protected] MD 510 Geothermal Drill

• Portable, Truck or Trailer mounted.

• Retrofit compatible with Laval

and most geophysical logging

winches.

• Full repair service and spare

parts for CCV, Boretech,

Wellcam and Laval cameras

and controllers.

• Forward and 360 degree side

wall viewing color cameras.

• Depths to 5,000 feet.

800-671-0383 • 559-291-0383

Fax: 559-291-0463

E-mail: [email protected]

On the web at www.ariesccv.com

Waterwell Camera

Inspection Systems

CCV Engineering &

ManufacturingAn Aries Industries Company

Century Geophysical Corporation1223 S. 71st E. Ave., Tulsa, OK U.S.A. 74112Phone (918) 838-9811 Fax (918) 838-1532

[email protected] www.century-geo.com

60 Down Hole Inspection

HELP WANTED: Looking for an experi-enced pump installer. Submersible, lineshaft, and well rehab a must. Send resumeto [email protected].

HELP WANTED: Estimator/service man-ager/customer service position needed forwell drilling company located in centralNew Jersey. Applicant must have experi-ence with scheduling and dispatchingcrews, knowledge of water pumps/fittings,and able to work under pressure in fastpaced environment. Experience with watertreatment a plus. Full time. Benefits in-cluded. Email resume and salary require-ments to [email protected].

80 Employment

REPAIRS: Eastman deviation surveyclocks (mechanical drift indicators) repaired. We also have three, six, andtwelve degree angle units, charts, and otheraccessories in stock. Call Downhole ClockRepair, (325) 660-2184.

137 Services

Did you know?Water Well Journal classified advertisementsappear online (at no additional cost)

each month at www.ngwa.org/publication/wwj/index.aspx

Check it out!


101 Grouters

Check out our full l ine of grout pumps and accessories at:www.geo-loop.com1-800-580-5965 or 1-712-434-2125

EVER DREAM OF GROUTING A 500’ 6” GEOTHERMAL BOREHOLE INAPPROXIMATELY 30 MINUTES? GEO-LOOP MAKES THIS DREAM A REALITY!

The new Geo-Loop continuous flow 2 Tank 35-500 Diesel Grouter can cut your grouting time in less than half. This new grouter is capable of grouting up to 30 GPM continuous flow for a non-stop grouting operation. The all new EZ Load 6000 Sand Loader holds well over 6000# of sand to allow the operator to grout deep geothermal boreholes without having to refill.

(or a 330’ 5” borehole in approximately 15 minutes)


105 Injection Pumps

90 Equipment

Well ManagerClassified Display Ad

“Solution”Water Well Journal

B&W 2 col 4.25” x 2”5-15-091345 WM

The perfect solution forpoor well yield is only a click way.www.wellmanager.com

New Low Prices

� Use on wells yielding as little as 0.10 gpm.� Turn-key collection and delivery system.� Fits through 24” doors.� Good money from bad wells.For more information, log-on or call 800-211-8070.

© Reid Plumbing Products, LLC

98 Generators

Mobile Generators DRILLING EQUIPMENT

NEW, USED, RENTALS Best in Class Starting Rugged & Reliable High Performance

www.nolanddrilling.com

Phone: (540) 982-8001 Fax: (540) 342-0546 [email protected]

139 Slotting Machines

� PVC Screen Slotting machines� PVC Threading machines� Perforating machines

Affordable, easy to operate automated machines with

touch screen programming.

J & K Tool Company

www.jktool.com � [email protected] 320-563-4967 � Fax 320-563-8051

Didn’t find what youwere looking for?Try NGWA’s Career Center at

www.careers.ngwa.org for more opportunities. Whether you arelooking for the right job or the

right employee, the NGWA CareerCenter can provide you with an industry-specific listing to honeyour search. Questions? Call

Rachel at 800 551.7379, ext 504,or e-mail at [email protected].

115 Mud Pumps

71/2��10� duplex pump

Hydraulic drive mud pumps—small and lightweight—

Centerline Manufacturing903-725-6978

www.centerlinemanufacturing.com

• Fits in the place of a 5��6�

• Pumps 300 GPM at up to800 PSI

• Weighs 1000 lbs. lessthan a 5��6�

• Single and three cylindermodels also available

U.S Pat. #6,769,884 and others pending

116 Mud Systems

DESANDER

mUD mIXERCm Consulting & Equipment

Jerry masonSpecialist in your drilling and grouting problems.

1640 Oppenheimer Rd., Bedford, PA 15522

(814) 623-1675 (814) 623-7285 FAX

mini-Desander

1� – 16� ElevatorsAll steel with safety latch.

SEMCO of Lamar800-541-1562

Fax 719-336-2402Credit Cards Accepted

SkyRexWater WellElevators

2� thru 36�

Also lightweightPVC elevators

Now Available!

“Complete ReverseCirculationDrill Strings”

Rex McFadden7931 19th

Lubbock, TX 70407

Ph (806) 791-3731Fax (806) 791-3755www.rexmcfadden.com

76 Elevators

Standard ManufacturingLargest water well pipe elevator

manufacturing company in the United States.Phone: (936) 336-6200

(800) 337-0163Fax: (936) 336-6212E-Mail: StandardManufacturing

@yahoo.comWeb site: www.standardmfg.com

Dealers Wanted

� Kwik Klamps 1 & 2 (adjustable 1�–2� or 21⁄2�–4�)� NEW – Kwik Klamp 3 (for 6� PVC)� Elevators for PVC well casing (sizes 1�–16�)� Heavy Duty PVC Elevators (sizes 6�–8�)� Flush Joint PVC Pipe Clamps (sizes 4�–24�)

www.jktool.com � [email protected] 320-563-4967 � Fax 320-563-8051

J & K Tool Company Inc.


Add a color to your displayclassified ad for only $49.

Please call Shelby to makearrangements

1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

splicekit.com offers the most com-plete assortment of heat shrink splicekits available. Choose from standardkits for wire sizes 14 thru 4. A full rangeof step down and transition kits as wellas splices for wire sizes up to 4/0 are in stock for immediate shipment.splicekit.com sells only premiumquality heat shrink kits.

Select from the following kitsfor 10-12-14 wire

A4C 4 tubes & 4 connectors $2.06A3C* 3 tubes & 4 connectors $1.72A3C 3 tubes & 3 connectors $1.66

Quantity pricing available for multiples of 50Visit our online store

at www.splicekit.comfor complete product descriptions.

splicekit.comCall 1-866-766-2730


Why pay higher prices for lower qualityproducts? Check out the prices on ourHeat Shrink Splice Kits.

3–Wire Kit (for #10/12/14, clear) $1.82 ea.4–Wire Kit (for #10/12/14, clear) 2.22 ea.1⁄2� � 3� Tubes (clear) .45 ea.1⁄2� � 48� Tubes (clear) 8.81 ea.

– custom kits for up to 4/0 wire– volume pricing available– labeling available– choose from 3 types of shrink tubes– also available is a large selection ofinstallation accessories such as pressuregauges, tapes, tank fittings packages, andvalves.

800-593-9403

Heat Shrinkfrom B & B Wholesale

106 Installation Accessories

5��6� monitoring Well manhole $18.25/ea.8��71⁄2� monitoring Well manhole $22.15/ea.8��12� monitoring Well manhole $23.35/ea.

Select Environmental Supplies LLCP.O. Box 6036

Concord, NC 28027

Why pay retail — when you can buy directWe ship any amount to anywhere

OBSERVATION MONITORING WELL MANHOLES• H-20 Load Rating• 2-Bolt with O-Ring (9⁄16�) Bolt Head• Galvanized Skirts with Welded Seam• Aluminum I.D. Tags• Stainless Bolts & Washers with Neoprene Washer

We carry prepacked screens and other testing supplies.Call (704) 467-6092 or (704) 425-7838 Fax (704) 795-1638Visit our Web site www.selectenvironmentalsupplies.com

We accept Visa and masterCard

� � � AATT TT EE NN TT II OO NN � � �Buy Direct from manufacturer

140 Spring Boxes132 Rig Equipment

�� !""��#��$��%��

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2011 modelsS4,000 Pump Hoist, 8,000# cap., 35� tele-scoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variablespeed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,245S6,000 Pump Hoist, 16,000# 3L cap., 35�telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydropump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls andvariable speed engine control . . . . . $16,445S8,000 Pump Hoist, 22,000# 3L cap., 36�telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydropump, 7T safety hook, hydro controls andvariable speed engine control . . . . . $20,845S10,000 Pump Hoist, 30,000# 3L cap., 40�telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydropump, 9T safety hook, hydro controls andvariable speed engine control . . . . . $28,545S12,000 Pump Hoist, 48,000# 4L cap., 44�telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal.oil tank, hydro pump, 11T safety hook, hydrocontrols and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,945S15,000 Pump Hoist, 60,000# 4L cap, 48�telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal.oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydrocontrols and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $40,645S20,000 Pump Hoist, 80,000# 4L cap, 40�telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal.oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydrocontrols and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$53,845S25,000 Pump Hoist, 100,000# 4L cap, 40�telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal.

oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydrocontrol and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$61,545S30,000 Pump Hoist, 120,000# 4L cap, 40�telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal.oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydrocontrol and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$76,945

New Equipment in StockS6,000, 35�, PTO, RC, PR, 2 spd., aux., blueand white, 11� bed, toolboxes, 2011 DodgeRam 5500, 6.7L diesel, 6 spd., automatic,4�4, white . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $77,598S30,000, 56�, PTO, BO, BC outriggers, cat-head, 2 spd., sandreel, AB for SR, aux., oilcooler, light kit, power arm, power tong hook-up, bed, toolboxes, 2009 Sterling L8500,Cummins 10 spd., AB, AC . . . . . . $224,388

Used Equipment in StockM32 Jessen, RC, PR, SB w/1992 GMC TopKick, 3116 Cat, 5 spd. . . . . . . . . . . $19,500M33 Monitor, 1-PR, SB, 1995 Ford F-350,gas, 5 spd., 4�2, white . . . . . . . . . $18,9005T Smeal, 1-PR, flatbed, toolboxes, 2004Ford F-650, Cummins, 4�2, white . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$34,950S12,000H SEMCO, 44�, SR, 2 spd., aux.,light kit, steel bed, toolboxes, 2006 Intl. 4300,DT466, 6 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $92,107S12,000H SEMCO, 48�, 2 spd., SR, oilcooler, aux., PR, light kit, 16� bed, toolbox,power tong hookup, 2004 Intl. 4300, DT466E, D, 6 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $75,344

S15,000 SEMCO, 48�, PTO, SR, 3-aux., 2spd., oil cooler, light kit, power arm, powertong hookup, toolbox, 16� bed, 2002 SterlingM7500, Acterra, MBE 200, 6 spd., diesel,black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $76,391S25,000 SEMCO, 52�, BO, 2 spd., SR, oilcooler, light kit, power arm, 20� bed, toolbox,2005 Freightliner M2 . . . . . . . . . . $138,702S30,000 SEMCO, 52�, BO, 2 spd., SR, oilcooler, light kit, power arm, 18� bed, toolbox,2007 Freightliner MBE 4000, 10 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$170,446S30,000 SEMCO, 56�, BO, 2 spd., SR, oilcooler, light kit, power arm, 20� bed, toolbox,2005 Intl. 8600 ext. cab, Cat C13, 10 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $178,995S30,000 SEMCO, 56�, 2 spd., SR, BO, BCoutriggers, cathead, aux., oil cooler, light kit,power arm, power tong hookup, 22� bed, tool-box, 2009 Sterling L8500, Cummins 10 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $224,388

SEMCO Inc.P.O. Box 1216

7695 U.S. Highway 287 NorthLamar, CO 81052

(719) 336-9006 / (800) 541-1562Fax (719) 336-2402

[email protected]

See our ad on page 29.

125 Pump Hoists

Pump Hoists For SaleThese two rigs are in immaculate condition and ready towork.Jessen type 12 ton rig on a 1996 GMC Topkick with Catdiesel, only 51k miles, like new. Loaded with welder, air,torch, and lots of tool storage. Asking $85,000.Jessen M33 on a 2002 Dodge Ram 3500 diesel with 165kmiles and a utility box. Rig is refurbished to like new.Asking $35,000.

Rick Dreiling ● Dreiling Pump and Supply Inc. ● Fort Collins, CO(970) 686-7676 ● [email protected]

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49.Please call Shelby to make arrangements

1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

Did you know?Water Well Journal classified advertisements

appear online (at no additional cost)

each month at

www.ngwa.org/publication/wwj/index.aspx

Check it out!

Enid Drill Systems Inc www.eniddrill.com

580-234-5971 Fax 580-234-5980

4510 E Market, Enid, OK

73701 USA

New rigs—custom designs

Quality rig repair service

New and used equipment needs

“Transfer of Technology” - the

must have book for all drillers!

135 Rigs

Weber Group LCContact Kelly 480-229-0748

1998 Ford F-800 diesel. 88,333 miles.Bucyrus Erie 20W pump rig with a353 Detroit Diesel deck engine. Truckand rig in excellent working order. The unit was rebuilt including the mainshafts and clutches. Asking $30,000.Tooling available at extra cost.

1985 Ford F-800 diesel. 193,000miles. Bucyrus Erie pump rig with 353Detroit Diesel deck engine. Truck andrig in working order. Rig rebuilt includ-ing main clutches and shafts. $30,000.

Weber Group LC

128 Pump Pullers


FOR SALE: 1990 Drilltech T25K2W –840/350 air 400� rod 8� casing hammerw/10� bit, 6� Rockhog w/bit, 400� extra rod,bits, 3 hammers, 3 stabilizers, extra parts onFord chassis 1990 LTN8000, all run great.Unmounted 5T Smeal also available.$125,000. Call (732) 748-3888.

FOR SALE: Failing Jed-A. Detroit 3-53engine on the draw works and rotary table.5.9L Cummins engine on the mud pump.380� of 8� flanged drill pipe. 260� of 5�flanged drill pipe. 24�, 30�, and 36� drag androller bits. Also rock trap, stabilizers, heavydrill collar, and kelley hose. Asking$150,000 for rig, spare parts, extra tooling.Call (765) 459-4125. Ask Mark for more information if interested.

FOR SALE: 2000 Drilltech D25KWmounted on Sterling truck w/400� drillsteel; 1997 Ford L9000, 225 Bobcat Millerwelder. $225,000. Call (276) 596-0001 or(276) 596-0056.

FOR SALE: 1977 Gus Pech boring rigwith all additions and CAT deck engine. Extensive tools. Excellent condition. Call(515) 547-2575.

860-651-3141 fax 860-658-4288

TRACTIONmOBILITY

PERFORmANCEAND PREFERRED

LET PUL-A-PUmPDO THE WORK

973-697-2008P.O. Box 155, Stockholm, NJ 07460

www.pulapump.com

PUL-A-PUMP

CORPORATION

To place a classifiedadvertisement inWater Well Journal,please send ad textto Shelby Fleck by e-mailat [email protected] fax to 614 898.7786.Upon receipt, you will becontacted and provideda quote.Thank you!

180 Water Trucks

180 Water Trucks

Specializing in quality custom built epoxy coated Flattanks any gallon or tank length sizes with or without material handling ImT cranes.

All tanks are sandblasted and painted with polyurethane paint. many options available.

Engineered for convenience and durability, allows the user to operate at anytype of drilling operation. Our drill site rig tenders are built with simplicity

and functionality. Call us for our used truck – new tank inventory list.

NNOORRTTHHWWEESSTT FFLLAATTTTAANNKKSSSteve Wipf (406) 466-2146 Cell (406) 544-5914

E-mail: [email protected] www.northwestflattanks.com

Check out ournew Web site

1 • 603 • 448 • 15621 • 603 • 448 • [email protected]

Geokon, Incorporated48 Spencer StreetLebanon, New Hampshire03766 | USA

Geokon, Inc. manufactures high quality hydro-logical instrumentation suitable for a variety of ground water monitoring applications.

Geokon instruments utilize vibrating wire technology providing measurable advan-tages and proven long-term stability.

Ground Water Monitoring Instrumentation

The World Leader inVibrating Wire Technology TM

Phone: 760-384-1085 Fax: 760-384-0044

Waterline EnvirotechWater level indicators made in the USA for

over 30 years.360-676-9635

www.waterlineusa.com

176 Water Level Measurement

wwwwww..wweellllpprroobbee..ccoommSonic Water Level Meters Since 1978

Time Tested & Customer Approved

303-443-9609

FOR SALE: 2000 Sterling. 48,000 miles.300 hp Cat, aluminum wheels, 8LL tran.18F., 40R. 1800 gal. water bed, 150 gal. fueltank. North Carolina. Cell (910) 639-1548.


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Air Pump Water Solutions, Inc.10983-E Guilford Road • Annapolis Junction, MD 20701

e-mail: [email protected]

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185 Well Rehab


184 Well Packers

178 Water Treatment

Kensington Village Community Water Treatment PlantHyde Park, NY 12538

Decommissioning of Plant for Sale

All equipment including well pumps/brand new filters

All prices negotiable — for complete listing contact Lynn or Janet at River management

[email protected] (845) 485-5136 ext. 126/fax (845) 454-9321

360.552.6662www.aardvarkpackers.com

Well rehab by design, not by accident!

Phone 952-474-4657www.designwater.com

... coliform too!

Iron Bacteriaget rid of

first time, every time!

160 Trucks

30-Freightliner Trucks 6��6, 60 Series Detroit, HT740,

Allison Trans., Rockwell Axle,68KGVW, 315/80 R22.5 Michelin,

Low MilesSEMCO, Inc.

Phone (800) 541-1562

Well screen manufacturer: stainless steel, galvanized and carbon steel.Sizes: 0.75" to 24.0" OD. Rod base, pre-pack and pipe base screens. Envi-ronmental flush joint monitor pipe, T&C stainless drop pipe, drive points, etc.Contact: Jan or Steve18102 E. Hardy Rd., Houston, TX 77073Ph: (281) 233-0214; Fax: (281) 233-0487Toll free: (800) 577-5068www.alloyscreenworks.com

184 Well Packers

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Applications Include:

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186 Well Screens

Most effective way to develop any well Produces more water, less color and turbidity Only the surge block method “back washes” the well screen, removing clay bridges, sands and silts Flexible wiper creates suction and pulls water into screen (not available with other methods) Constructed of inert long-lasting materials Capable of lifting water over 50 feet Removable ball valve prevents water from flowing back into well and will not clog with sediments Fast, effective and saves time and money

For more information visit: www.welldeveloper.com

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186 Well Screens

Looking for employees? Selling equipment? Ready to retire? Advertise in the magazine that invests in your industry— Water Well Journal ®.

You have two options in the WWJ classifieds:

Pay by the line of text Pay by the column inch.

Contact NGWA today and mention this special offer to get three months of classified advertising for the price of two!

Call Shelby at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791), ext. 523. Send an e-mail to [email protected].

Offer good through September 2011.

2 1buyget

free

Contact NGWA today and mention this special offer to get three months of classified advertising for the price of two!

Safety meetings made easy.NGWA’s Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry:

Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry

Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry

Circle card no. 25 Twitter @WaterWellJournl70/ June 2011 Water Well Journal

is either a check valve problem or a holein the pipe somewhere below the lastcheck valve. Once you find the checkvalve that’s failed, pull the pump andreplace it, Waller adds.

4. Water quality issuesFor LaChance, the rock formation

and water quality causes most of thepump problems he comes across.“The rock in this area is black shale

and is 450 million years old, so we haveweird geology and water chemistry,” hesays. “We have high iron in the water,for example, that causes mineral buildupon the inside surfaces of pumps.”Nodules form and rattle around like

pebbles, which wear out or clog thepump, LaChance explains.Minerals also clog intake screens and

clogs up pressure switches—especiallyin shallow well jet pumps—leading tolow water pressure or no water at all.“Over time, if a well’s production

slows down due to a high mineralbuildup in the water-bearing fractures,the well can be hydrofraced. In doing so

you get rid of the obstruction, and allowthe water to come through at a quickerrate,” Tyler says.Iron bacteria can also plug fractures

and the well can be treated with chemi-cals to get rid of the bacteria. But for themost part, there’s not much that can bedone in the well to prevent mineralbuildup, LaChance says.“The iron is so high in some areas

that homeowners who water their lawnshave pumpkin-colored sidewalks,” hesays. “For the most part, we can removethe iron and set up a system to treat thewater, but when you’re dealing withmultiple water contaminants, there isn’talways a whole lot we can do.

“When you have high iron, colloidalclay, and high pH, for example, that’s amoney pit. Sometimes you can’t treat it.Sometimes you just have to deal with itor live on bottled water. It stinks, butsome of these just don’t have solutions.Not many, but some.”

Continued EducationKnowledge is power when it comes

to troubleshooting pumps, Waller says.Every pump installer should, if they

have the opportunity, go to a pumpschool run by a manufacturer—espe-cially if it’s held at a factory rather thana distribution center.“That way you can see the complete

process of how the equipment they selland install is constructed,” Waller says.“You learn the correct way to work onthe pump from the engineers who de-signed it. I’ve never been to one whereI haven’t learned a lot.”Tyler says industry events and semi-

nars are another great way to find outwhat kinds of problems are commonregionally.“You get an opportunity to talk with

guys around the state or outside thestate, and you pass knowledge back andforth,” Tyler says. “You can learn a lotjust by talking with other contractorsand pump installers.” WWJ

Experienced pump installers shouldconsider being a part of NGWA’svoluntary Certified Pump Installerprogram. More information can befound at www.ngwa.org/cert/index.aspx.


PUMP PROBLEMS/from page 28

Card No./ Page Card No./ Page Card No./ Page Card No./ Page

INDEX OF ADVERTISERSA.Y. McDonald Mfg. 1 5(800) 292-2737www.aymcdonald.com

Atlas Copco Drilling Solutions 2 33(800) 732-6762www.atlas-copco.com

B&B Chlorination 3 [email protected]

Baker Mfg., Water SystemsDivision 4 44(800) 523-0224www.bakermfg.com

Baroid IDP 5 39(877) 379-7412www.baroididp.com

BetterWater Industries 6 47(507) 247-5929www.betterwaterind.com

CCV Engineering & Mfg. 7 32(800) 671-0383www.ariesccv.com

Central Mine Equipment 8 IBC(800) 325-8827www.cmeco.com

Cotey Chemical 9 38(806) 747-2096www.coteychemical.com

Eno Scientific 10 7(910) 778-2660www.enoscientific.com

GEFCO/King Oil Tools 11 10(800) 759-7441www.gefco.com

GeoPro 12 9(877) 580-9348www.geoproinc.com

Geoprobe® Systems 13 26(800) 436-7762www.geoprobe.com

Grundfos Pumps 14 11(913) 227-3400www.us.grundfos.com

Hoeptner Perfected Products 15 47(408) 847-7615www.freezeflow.com

In-Well Technologies 16 58(920) 829-5690www.in-welltech.com

ISCO Industries 17 12(800) 345-4726www.isco-pipe.com

Laibe/Versa-Drill 18 22(317) 231-2250www.laibecorp.com

Laval Underground Surveys 19 45(800) 344-7205www.lavalunderground.com

Lorentz SolarWater Pumps 20 OBC(888) 535-4788(866) 593-0777www.lorentz.de

Marks Products 21 56(800) 255-1353www.geovision.org

Mobile Drill 22 IFC(800) 766-3744www.mobiledrill.net

Mount Sopris Instruments 23 54(303) 279-3211www.mountsopris.com

NGWA/Awards 24 49(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

NGWA/Bookstore 25 70(800) 551-7379 26 57www.ngwa.org

NGWA/Certification 27 32(800) 551-7379 28 55www.ngwa.org

NGWA/ConsensusDOCS 29 51(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

NGWA/GroundWater Expo 30 9(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

NGWA/NGWREF 31 14(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

NGWA/Safety DVD 32 31(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

NGWA/WellGuard 33 17(800) 551-7379www.ngwa.org

North Houston Machine 35 47(800) [email protected]

Pentair Water 36 2(262) 728-5551www.pentairwater.com

Phase Technologies 37 21(866) 250-7934www.phasetechnologies.com

Powers Electric Products 38 51(559) 275-3030www.powerselectric.com

RigKits 39 35(888) 364-5891www.rigkits.com

Robertson Geologging USA 40 51(281) 807-6209www.geologging.com

South Atlantic WellDrillers JUBILEE 41 56(540) 740-3329(540) 740-3393 (fax)

SEMCO 42 29(719) 336-9006www.semcooflamar.com

Solinst Canada 43 13(800) 661-2023www.solinst.com

Southwire 44 18(770) 832-4590www.southwire.com

Star Iron Works 45 25(814) 427-2555www.starironworks.com

Tibban Mfg. 46 1(760) 954-5655www.tibban.com

WellProbe.com 47 24(303) 443-9609www.wellprobe.com

Windmill 702 48 21(956) 717-2900www.windmill702.com

Wyo-Ben 49 8(800) 548-7055www.wyoben.com

“Closing Time” is the page of Water WellJournal that showcases—you! It will alwaysfeature a few pictures of people at work atjob sites around the world. Please send inphotos and brief descriptions and you just

may be the subject on the last page of anissue of WWJ.

And remember, if your photo is selected asthe cover image of WWJ, you receive $250.

If your photos are selected, you will be

asked to fill out a photo disclaimer form thatgrants the National Ground Water Associationthe royalty-free right to display the photos.Please send high-resolution digital photos [email protected].


B.W. Smith Well Drilling Inc. of Springfield, West Virginia,drills a 6-inch rock well for a hand pump in Hampshire County,West Virginia.

The well and pump is used as aback-up well for the home ownerin case the home ever loses itselectricity. All photos submittedby Benjamin M. Smith of B.W. SmithWell Drilling Inc.

The well was drilled 140 feet deep and had a flow rate of15 gallons per minute and a static water level of 30 feet.It is a Monitor hand pump.

CLOSING TIME

Circle card no. 8

SometimesTight Spots

call forTracks

Instead ofTrucks

When mounted on our CME-300remote controlled tracked carrier, the CME-55 can get into tight locations not accessibleto a truck mounted rig.. The rugged plane-tary drives and triple walking beam suspen-sion also allow this machine to climb hills,traverse mud, sand, rocks, and snow…allwhile your operator’s feet are planted firmlyon the ground.

Of course the rubber tracks will notdamage most pavement, so you can alsouse this rig anywhere you might use atruck mounted drill.

We designed the CME-300 tracked carri-er specifically for carrying drill rigs, so thereare no compromises. It has the best center ofgravity for both driving and drilling. And youwon’t find a more rugged carrier in its class.

Once you get to the site, the CME-55can give you up to 9,400 foot pounds oftorque and 28,275 pounds of retract force.

It’s available with all the features youneed to get the job done as efficiently aspossible. Like in/out and sideways slidebases, angle drilling, automatic SPT ham-mer, auger racks, tool boxes and more.

And for low clearance jobs, the CME-55LC can also be mounted on this carrier.

Give us a call and find out how theCME-55 on the CME-300 carrier can getyou in (and out) of a tight spot.

CCEENNTTRRAALL MMIINNEEEEQQUUIIPPMMEENNTT CCOOMMPPAANNYY

4215 Rider Trail North, Earth City (St. Louis), MO. 630451-314-291-7700 • 1-800-325-8827 • FAX: 314-291-4880E-mail: [email protected] • Website: www.cmeco.com

Circle card no. 20

June 2011

Documents

Transcript of June 2011