June 16, 2016 UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl DSTL...

UK OFFICIAL DSTL/PUB96299 © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl

June 16, 2016

UK OFFICIAL DSTL/PUB96299

MOD/CSA Quantum Technology Programme

A Disruptive Technology for the 21st Century

Birmingham Hub in Sensors and Metrology,

Partner Event

Stephen Till ([email protected])

Gareth Brown & Suzie Abbs 14th June 2016

Unless otherwise indicated, all images are in the

public domain (Clip Art / Wiki Commons)

© Crown copyright 2016 Dstl

June 16, 2016


Background


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•  2013: Dstl identified emerging technology areas for MOD which have the potential for disruptive advantage to UK Defence & Security

–  One was “new” quantum physics especially related to future quantum sensors –  “Precision navigation and timing” CDE call funded 8 projects developing concepts

for timing and inertial sensing

•  2014: A reorganised MOD/CSA programme focused part of the R&D funding on Disruptive Capability Development including “Quantum”

–  CDE projects were pulled through into 4 applied physics research projects to develop quantum enabled portable atomic clocks, accelerometers and gyros

–  A portfolio of PhD projects underpins these projects as well as exploring novel sensing concepts for possible future funding

•  2013 – 2014: Dstl worked closely with academia, industry and OGDs to realise the current National Quantum Technology Programme

–  The MOD/CSA programme is an integral part of the national effort

•  Total value of combined programmes ~ £350 million, to be rebid soon


MOD/CSA DisCap Quantum Programme

•  Tight focus on near-to-mid-term benefit from quantum sensors –  working closely with The University of Birmingham, Imperial College, NPL &

industry

•  Two programmes: Gravity Imager & Quantum Navigator 1.  Gravity Imager: array of gravity gradiometers which use cold atom

interferometry to measure gravity gradient across a region of space. Data inversion reconstructs density distribution creating gravity field.

2.  Quantum Navigator: development of the component sensors that comprise a navigator system - quantum clocks, accelerometers and gyros.

3.  Demonstrators at TRL4 – 5 by 2019

•  Various components to be demonstrated at TRL 4 from June 2016 onwards –  Clock, gravimeter, gravity gradiometer, accelerometer, ...

•  Underpinning enabling technology programme


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Gravity sensing capabilities by 2035


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Navigation by map matching or element of Quantum Navigator

Detection of plant and machinery

Detection of non-spherical submerged objects – mines, submarines, wrecks

Detection of subterranean bunkers and tunnels

Detection of fissile materials Gravity mapping for civil engineering or archaelogy


Quantum Inertial Navigator (QINS)

•  GPS is pervasive in systems –  Current INS in error by ~1 nm / 24 hrs if GPS unavailable –  Quantum INS expected to deliver ~1000x improvement

•  Three components: 1.  Timing sensors

•  Portable atomic clocks – very small SWAP 2.  Acceleration sensors → speed and position

•  Matter wave accelerometers •  3-5 orders of magnitude improvement over classical

3.  Rotation sensors → heading •  Matter wave gyros •  2-4 orders of magnitude improvement over classical

•  Components (except clocks) at TRL 4 by 2019 •  Navigator extremely challenging

–  Additional programme required to develop Technology Demonstrator Programme at TRL 4 – 5 by 2025

–  Data fusion – especially gravity – key to successful INS


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Experimental cold atom system (© Bham University, with permission)

Matter wave interferometry

Navstar-2F GPS satellite


Approach to quantum technology development •  Where possible MOD seeks to adapt and adopt COTS technologies

–  Targeted R&D investment in some cases, eg. insufficient capability in the industrial base, particular advantage to defence and security

–  Prepared to accept high risk technology development •  Government departments required to contribute to UK wealth

creation •  In Quantum Technology, UK National & MOD requirements align

–  A coherent quantum technology community to give a world-leading position in the emerging £bn quantum technology markets

–  MOD: wealth creation and access to COTS technologies –  This requires building markets and supply chains

•  Dstl supports all the Hub Network –  46 PhD students across 16 universities covering enabling technologies, inertial

sensors, photonics & systems engineering

•  Dstl supports technology transfer to industry –  Through the 4 applied physics projects, with IUK and through the new £800 m/

10yr MOD Innovation Initiative


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An example: portable atomic clocks •  Early adoption by MOD, later wider civilian use •  Currently at TRL 4 – 5, TRL 8 – 9 within 5 years •  Replacement / resilience of GPS timing signals on

military platforms –  Dstl now patenting an anti-jamming application –  Seeking novel ways to cross the “Valley of Death” eg. MOD

Innovation Initiative

•  Synchronisation & battle-space management –  Information activities –  Artillery –  Manoeuvre

•  Communications •  Navigation •  Sensor subsystem


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Portable atomic clocks @ TRL4 before 2019


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1.  Miniature hollow core fibre Cs clock (NPL) –  Matchbox size, ≤ 1 watt –  ± one second in 30,000 years (~ 90 ns/day) –  Demonstrator June 27th 2016

Chronos consortium developing Rb based clock 1.  Trapped Yb+ clock (NPL)

–  Teapot size, few watts –  ± one second in 3,000,000 years

(1 ns / day) –  Demonstrator 2018

2.  Sr optical lattice clock (Birmingham University/NPL) –  Size of a small suitcase –  ± one second in a billion years

(~ 3 ps / day) –  Demonstrator 2018

Miniature optical fibre based clock (left image © NPL, with permission)

Cooled ytterbium ion clock (left image © NPL, with permission)

Optical lattice clock


Summary •  UK is developing a quantum technology

based industrial base –  An academia, industry and cross-government effort

value ~ £350 m –  A rebid for the second 5 year tranche of funding for

a 10 – 20 year programme in preparation •  The 2nd Quantum revolution is expected to

have similar transformative effect to the 1st

–  The Hubs will provide early demonstrators in quantum sensors, communications, photonic imaging and computing and simulation

–  MOD will be an early adopter in some instances and help drive industrialisation

•  However ... much is unknown, more is yet to be discovered (more research imperative)

•  Fuller engagement with NQTP very welcome –  Email me: [email protected]


June 16, 2016

June 16, 2016 UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl DSTL...

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