July 15 –2:15 PM - School Nutritiondocs.schoolnutrition.org/meetingsandevents/anc2013... ·...
Transcript of July 15 –2:15 PM - School Nutritiondocs.schoolnutrition.org/meetingsandevents/anc2013... ·...
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Series New Directors ‐USDA Foods History, Processing and Distribution
July 15 – 2:15 PM
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USDA Foods Program BackgroundMary Beth Flowers, SNSTraining CoordinatorFDD, FNS, USDA
USDA Foods Processing ProgramPeggy CantfilSpecial Nutrition Operations Branch ChiefFDD, FNS, USDA
USDA Foods DistributionMatthew EssnerMissouri DOE
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Intro to USDA Foods
• USDA Foods Video
• Why you should know about USDA foods
• USDA Foods Realities and Misconceptions
• What foods USDA offers
• USDA food ordering & procurement
• USDA food processing concepts & the flow
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What are USDA Foods?
USDA Foods Video
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Why do you need to know aboutUSDA Foods?
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•Schools receive USDA Foods (101,000)•You are interested in the their business•You need to understand:
‐ What drives their business decisions?‐ What role USDA Foods play in decisions?‐ How are USDA Foods going to impact your business?
Why do you need to know about USDA Foods?
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What drives school business?
MENU
PROCUREMENT
LABOR
PARTICIPATION TRAINING
BUDGET
REVENUE
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Percentages are approximate and will vary by district
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Food Distribution Programs• Schools and Institutions
• National School Lunch Program ‐ NSLP• Child and Adult Care Food Program ‐ CACFP• Summer Food Service Program – SFSP
• Household Feeding• The Emergency Food Assistance Program ‐ TEFAP• Commodity Supplemental Food Program ‐ CSFP• Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations – FDPIR
• Other• Disaster Feeding – DF
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The Misperceptions
• School lunch and commodities cause obesity
• USDA “surplus” commodities are the culprit
• Commodities are low quality
Need replacing with…
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The Realities of USDA Foods
Healthy Choices 100% American GrownFood safety standards are set highAccount for 15‐20% of school food purchasesSchool districts are never required to accept items they do not want
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Play an important role in providing nutritious foods in school meals by offering:
Less sodium
Less sugar
Less fat
More fruits and vegetables
More whole grains
The Realities of USDA Foods
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What kinds of food does USDA OFFER to
schools ?• What am I competing against?
• How can I market my products to compliment them?
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How a food becomes a USDA Food
• Support "Dietary Guidelines for Americans“
• Support new Meal Pattern Requirements
• Food Distribution Nutrition Initiatives: • More fruits & vegetables• More whole grains• Less salt, sugar and fat
• Meet level of demand
• Successful commercial market history
• 100% U.S. supports ag market!
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Foods Available Listhttp://www.fns.usda.gov/FDD/foods/SY13‐schfoods.pdf
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USDA Foods Nutrition Initiatives
• Review product offerings continuously to ensure each supports “Dietary Guidelines for Americans”
• Enhance the foods available list to support the nutritional needs of recipients
• Make ongoing changes to reduce or eliminate sodium, fat, and sugar
• Seek healthy and “kid‐friendly” products
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USDA Foods ImprovementsReducing Sodium Low sodium in ALL canned vegetables
140 mg per serving (up to 77% sodium reduction)
Sodium‐free frozen and fresh vegetables Low‐sodium tomato products ‐ 140 mg/svg
eg. spaghetti sauce, salsa, whole, diced, paste
Reduced‐sodium turkey ham ‐ 460 mg/2 oz (‐19%)
Reduced‐sodium chicken fajita ‐ 220 mg/2 oz (‐28%)
Reduced upper salt limit on mozzarella spec’sReduced sodium in processed cheese: +/‐ 45%Researching more low‐sodium foods: Pork
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Reducing Sugar Unsweetened applesauceNO heavy syrup in canned fruitONLY light syrup, juice, or water packed fruit
Packing Medium OptionsUnsweetened 100% juices
USDA Foods Improvements
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Reducing Fat Purchasing 96‐97% lean ham Purchasing 95% lean turkey ham Purchasing 95% lean beef patties Eliminated trans fats in frozen potatoes Added a fat free potato wedge Eliminated shortening Substituted white meat for chicken skin in
processed poultry products Low fat bakery mix 1% low fat UHT milk Researching lower fat meat & cheese products
USDA Foods Improvements
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Increasing whole grainsWhole grain tortillasWhole grain pancakesWhole grain macaroniWhole grain spaghettiWhole grain rotini Rolled oats Brown rice, direct & bulk Parboiled brown rice Dry kernel corn for processing
USDA Foods Improvements
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Increasing fruits and vegetables Sliced Apple & Baby CarrotAlternate Fresh F & V PilotsBulk Apples for processingFrozen Broccoli Florets
Increasing Whole Grain ProductsExploring new productsExploring more improvements Communication Tools
USDA Foods Improvements
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Increased Ordering OptionsFruits VegetablesHamBeefPoultry Cheese
USDA Foods Improvements
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Meal Contribution of USDA Foods
• USDA Foods make up 15‐20% of market value of the food served
• Improved USDA Foods Nutritional Profile
• Processed USDA Foods
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USDA Ordering Systems
PushDown
System
Demand Driven System
PARADIGM SHIFT
BPR 2000
PCIMSProcessed Commodities Inventory Management
System
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By State Agencies:•Ordering history• Product demand• Questionnaires & surveys• Nutrition advisory groups• Informal input from Schools
By Schools:• Their menus• Storage capacity • Distribution methods• Fees• District size• Buying group/co‐op
How are ordering decisions made?
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WBSCM supports the domestic agricultural economy, nutrition assistance programs, food security programs and International food assistance programs of USDA and USAID.
• Domestic Programs: AMS, FSA, FNS• Export Programs: FAS, USAID
• Demand Driven Product Ordering • Integrated food purchasing• Order tracking & receipting• SAP Software
How are orders submitted to USDA?
Web Based Supply Chain Management
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• USDA• State Agencies• Receiving Organization
Who is required to used WBSCM?
How are orders submitted to USDA?
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USDA offers products to SDA
SDA offers products to Schools
Schools place USDA Foods
OrdersUSDA Buys Food
USDA submits orders to other
USDA Agencies to purchase food
SDA Submits School orders to
USDA
Vendors notify SDA of shipments
SDA notifies Schools when products arrive
Schools request delivery of USDA
Foods
How are orders submitted to USDA?
VARIOUS
VARIOUS
VARIOUS
VARIOUS
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FNS Food and Nutrition ServiceFood Distribution DivisionAssist in order planning for USDA FoodsOrder Fulfillment, Customer service
Agricultural Marketing ServiceAssist in order planning for USDA FoodsProcurement of Poultry, Livestock, F & V,Accounts Payable
Farm Service AgencyAssist in order planning for USDA FoodsProcurement Dairy, Grains
AMS
FSA
USDA Purchasing Partners
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USDA Purchases
Two Kinds of Purchases
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USDA PurchasesDirect Deliveredfka/Brown Box
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USDA PurchasesBulk for Processing
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USDA Foods Processing
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Topics:•Program Background•What is Processing?•Flow of Processing•Processing Resources
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• What is processing?• Bulk USDA Foods ‐> Processor• Finished End Products
• Should my company consider it?• Foot in the door• Lock in commercial/processed items• Meet menuing needs
Processing USDA Foods
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Child Nutrition Programs
62%TEFAP27%
CSFP8%
FDPIR3% Disasters<1%
50% = Bulk for Processing
USDA Foods FY 2012
Program USDA Foods $CNP $1,256,545,003 TEFAP $543,901,223 CSFP $157,547,443 FDPIR $56,209,016 Disasters $920,057 TOTAL $2,015,122,742
EstimatedFY12 Total Purchases
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Why do schools process?
• Menu continuity• Product familiarity • Reduced training and labor• Solves production challenges• Increases Food Safety• Maximize entitlement
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How Schools decideWhat/If to Process
Analyze purchasing needs• Calculate annual usage
• Production Records• Distributor Velocity/Usage Reports
• Cost analysis• Compare Bid Prices with USDA Food Value• Add in processing, distribution &
administrative costs.
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What is Processing?
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What is Processing?
State Distributing Agency
USDA Processor
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The Flow of Processing
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process2. Agreements & end product approval3. Inventory protection options4. Procurement by school districts or State5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers 7. Processing Methods8. Substitution & Commingling9. Sales, delivery, VPT10. Monthly Performance Reports11. Monitoring & Audit
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
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Entitlement ESTIMATE !
JULY RATEX
PRIOR YEAR MEALS+/‐
PRIOR YEAR BALANCE+
12% FUNDING =
TOTAL ENTITLEMENT $$
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Beef 22%
Pork 5%
Chicken 13%
Eggs 1%Turkey 9%
Fruits & Vegetables
25%
Grains, Peanuts, Oils 3%
Cheese 22%
National Ordering Averages
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SY11 Processing DiversionsUSDA Food Pounds Dollars
Beef (coarse & boneless) 14% 95.8 M $194.5 M 28%Chicken (large, small & leg) 28% 194.4 M $138.3 M 20%Turkey (bulk & thigh) 5% 32.4 M $29 M 4%Cheese (bulk mozz & barrel) 12% 80.5 M $134.8 M 20%Potatoes (bulk, dehy, sweet) 28% 189 M $15.9 M 2%Other USDA Foods 13% 90.8 M $63.4 M 9%
Total diversions 49% 682.9 M $575.9 M 48%Total purchases 1.388 B $1.2 B
49%Pounds
48%Dollars
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
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Processing Agreements
NATIONAL Multi‐State Processors1) National Processing Agreement (NPA)2) State Participation Agreement (SPA)
In‐State Processors2) State Master Agreements3) State Agreements4) Recipient Agency Agreement
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Processing Information
•112 National Processor Agreements•80 USDA food materials •5,000+ end products approved•$400‐$600 Million inventory
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End Product Data Schedulei.e product formulation data
Pounds needed to produce a case
Under the NPA • AMS – Poultry & Livestock approvals• FNS – Everything else!
Under State or RA Agreements• AMS ‐ Poultry & Livestock approvals• State – Everything else
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Summary (a list)End Product Data Schedule
1) SEPDS A – fixed draw down• 100% Yield• Standard Yield• Guaranteed Return
2) SEPDS B – Guaranteed Minimum Return
3) SEPDS C – hybrid of A &B
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National Processing Agreement
DOES NOTEliminate bidding/procurement by SDA/RASpecify delivery and billing termsSpecify value‐pass‐thru methodCoordinate truck loading or orderingMonitor State inventory draw‐downs
Verify minimum yield/return metMonitor acceptability or field complaints
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How to get started with State
• State Participation Agreement (SPA)
• Approved SEPDS goes to each State• Destination Data form for plant
• Complete & submit WBSCM‐Ship‐[email protected]• FNS creates new destination in WBSCM• State requests new destination to be mapped to their organization
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
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Inventory Protection
• Bond• Letter of Credit• Escrow Account
• Year 1 = 100%• Subsequent years = % of maximum
• Due May 31
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USDA Foods Value
• November 15 USDA Food Price• Used to determine:
• Value of surety bond, escrow or LOC• Refunds or discounts• Costs of replacement for production or USDA
Foods losses• Failure to meet GMR• Transfer Value
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
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How are orders submitted to USDA?
USDA offers products to SDA
SDA offers products to Schools
Schools place USDA Foods
OrdersUSDA Buys Food
USDA submits orders to other
USDA Agencies to purchase food
SDA Submits School orders to
USDA
Vendors notify SDA of shipments
SDA notifies Schools when products arrive
Schools request delivery of USDA
Foods
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers
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Agricultural Marketing ServiceAssist in order planning for USDA FoodsProcurement of Poultry, Livestock, F & V,Accounts Payable
AMS Commodity Procurement Website
FSA Commodity Procurement Website
Farm Service AgencyAssist in order planning for USDA FoodsProcurement Dairy, Grains
AMS
FSA
USDA Purchasing Partners
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers
7. Processing Methods
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Processing Methods•100% Yield•Guaranteed Minimum Return (GMR)• Standard Yield •Guaranteed Return (GR)
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers
7. Processing Methods
8. Substitution & Commingling
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• Full Substitution• Limited Substitution• Substitution & Negative Inventory•Non‐Substitution•Commingling
Substitution & Commingling
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation
2. Decision to process
3. Agreements
4. Procurement
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers
7. Processing Methods
8. Substitution & Commingling
9. Sales, delivery, VPT
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Sales & Value Pass Through Methods
DirectSales made directly from the processor to the State or school
IndirectSales are made from the processor to a commercial distributor
Type of Sales
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Sales & Value Pass Through Methods
RefundsSchool pays gross price and requests reimbursement from processor for commodity value contained in purchased products
DiscountsNet price paid by school
Method for Passing the Value
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process
2. Agreements & end product approval
3. Inventory protection options
4. Procurement by school districts or State
5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods
6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers
7. Processing Methods
8. Substitution & Commingling
9. Sales, delivery, VPT
10. Monthly Performance Reports
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Monthly Performance ReportsNuisances encountered in the day‐to‐day operations of a USDA Foods processing program that are reflected on the MPR:
• “Front loading” inventory•What information do you need to draw down the inventory?• Transfers: physical vs. paper• Condemned product and damaged food
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Monthly Performance ReportsNuisances encountered in the day‐to‐day operations of a USDA Foods processing program that are reflected on the MPR:
• Effect of commingling (GRO)or substitution (GMR commodity for commodity) inventory on the paperwork• Effect of substitution on grading certificates• What happens when you’ve made product a school indicated they would purchase, then receive a transfer request.
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What do we do with MPRs?• State monitors inventory on MPR
• Processors should only draw down what was produced & delivered
• Six month inventory limit
• Request destination changes• “Paper transfer” between processors• Understand State policies
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The Flow of Processing1. Entitlement allocation & decision to process2. Agreements & end product approval3. Inventory protection options4. Procurement by school districts or State5. State orders Bulk USDA Foods6. USDA purchases USDA Food & delivers 7. Processing Methods8. Substitution & Commingling9. Sales, delivery, VPT10. Monthly Performance Reports
11. Monitoring & CPA Audit
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Processing Resources:ACDA Website:•www.commodityfoods.org
• RA Processing Handbook• EPDS/SEPDS Templates• Processor Guidance• Distributor Agreement
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www.commodityfoods.orgClick on Processing tab
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Processing Resources:Food Distribution Website:•Main Page:
• www.fns.usda.gov/fdd/processing/•Processing Policy Memos:
• www.fns.usda.gov/fdd/Policy/cp_policies.htm
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www.schoolnutrition.orgwww.teamnutrition.usda.govwww.fns.usda.gov/USDAFoodswww.commodityfoods.usda.gov
NSLP Resources
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USDA Foods Distribution
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MO DESE – School Food Services Donated Foods Program
Mission Statement
•Provide tools and products•Operate with integrity•Offer outstanding customer service•Showing respect•We are held accountable for the decisions•Keep an open mind to new ideas•Operate efficient program.•We strive to have a positive effect on students
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IT’S ALL ABOUT THE MONEY
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Role of the State Distributing Agency
• SDA monitors State Entitlement and Inventory
• USDA views Entitlement by State, so MO monitors Entitlement as a State
•Each RA's Entitlement is a portion of the State's Entitlement (could vary from the RA's Total Lunches Served (TLS) x per meal rate)
• Entitlements are based on “projected” TLS
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Role of the State Distributing Agency
• TLS figures used are from previous SY but effect 3 SY
• Don't know exact Entitlement until November AFTER all meals are served
• By November, most trucks for the current school year are already purchased/bid
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Entitlement = Moving Target
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• What does it mean to you?• Entitlements up or down for SY14?• Should I track my Entitlement
throughout the SY?• Difference between Entitlement
and Bonus? Who determines?• Value of Commodities vs.
Entitlement
Historical Figures13‐14 $0.272513‐14 $0.227512‐13 $0.227511‐12 $0.222510‐11 $0.260010‐11 $0.227510‐11 $0.202509‐10 $0.195008‐09 $0.207507‐08 $0.187506‐07 $0.170005‐06 $0.175004‐05 $0.172503‐04 $0.1575
12% Provision via NSLA
Expected
Entitlement = Moving Target
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USDA Foods CalendarWhen do Schools order?
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What it’s like in Missouri• One state contracted warehouse (69,709 sq miles)
• State pays for all storage, handling, delivery charges for public RAs• USDA Brown Box = FREE for Public RA• Non-Public pays delivery fee of $1.85
• About 60% Entitlement to USDA Brown Box
• 40% towards Processing• FFS, NOI, MFFS, and Rebates all offered
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USDA Foods CalendarWhen do Schools order?
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• Depends on the item
• USDA items – MO schools order by 15th of the month for delivery the following month• Processed items – plan diversions prior school year• Net-Off-Invoice (NOI) is ordered commercially
USDA Foods CalendarWhen do Schools order?
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• Depends on the item
• State coordinated delivery depends on the State’s delivery options
• MO schools receive once a month delivery August – April
• But each state is different
USDA Foods CalendarWhen do Schools order?
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• Not very convenient
• State of Missouri receives pricing in November for all of next school year
• RAs plan diversions by March prior to beginning bids for next School Year
USDA Foods CalendarBidding Cycle
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• Does the cart go before the horse or the horse before the cart?
• What came first, the chicken or the egg?
USDA Foods CalendarHow to Menu
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USDA Foods CalendarThe Great Paradox - How to Menu
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Role of the SDA
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Questions?