July 11, 1804

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July 11, 1804 Pendleton, Hamilton’s second sets the hair-triggers on Burr and Hamilton’s pistols the morning of the duel While raising his weapon, Burr fires early as he applies the slightest pressure on the trigger, not knowing the hair-triggers were set Hamilton shoots his round off into the air and the duel ends with no bloodshed

Transcript of July 11, 1804

Page 1: July 11, 1804

July 11, 1804

• Pendleton, Hamilton’s second sets the hair-triggers on Burr and Hamilton’s pistols the morning of the duel

• While raising his weapon, Burr fires early as he applies the slightest pressure on the trigger, not knowing the hair-triggers were set

• Hamilton shoots his round off into the air and the duel ends with no bloodshed

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• Immediately following the duel, newspapers pick up the story and praise Hamilton for his sparing Burr, granting him renewed popularity

• An infuriated Burr flees the country shortly after, realizing his political career is over and his archenemy in triumph

• 1805-1807: Hamilton, actively involved in the Federalist party, expands his influence and the Party’s prestige, spreading a message of industrialization, friendship and trade with Britain and Federal power

• By 1808 it is clear that Hamilton is a viable candidate for Presidency and begins campaigning for the Federalist Party ticket

• Hamilton and running-mate Jay win the election over Madison and enter the White House

1804-1808

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1809-1812: Hamilton’s First Term

• Hamilton enters office and immediately begins utilizing the First Bank of the United States to allocate funds for the creation of factories in New England and the north-Atlantic region, as well as increasing the size of the American Navy

• Government spending stimulates the early industrial revolution and American production soars above all rivals

• In 1810, Hamilton secures an historic deal with Britain, ending tariffs on British goods and impressment of American sailors– American exports to Britain increase and without a protective

tariff, Americans can afford more British imports– Relationships between the countries improve, and the move is

very popular due to the economic growth it fosters

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1809-1812: Hamilton’s First Term

• In 1810, a new wave of War Hawks enter the House with Federalist support, pushing the United States to join the Fifth Coalition against Napoleon – With American Naval support,

Napoleon’s Continental system is shattered and Britain is able to focus on her Army and lands ground troops with American support in France, defeating Napoleon definitively in 1811

• America reaps some of the spoils from the reparations imposed on France

• The First Bank of the United States expires and is replaced by the even more powerful Second Bank of the United States in 1811 (Hamilton himself wrote the charter which contained no expiration date)

American ships defeat the French Navy

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1809-1813: Hamilton’s First Term

• The American role in the defeat of Napoleon is celebrated both in America and in Europe

• Hamilton uses this leverage and the newfound popularity of the United States in Prussia, Russia, Italy, Great Britain and Austria (countries Napoleon had invaded or was planning to) to establish the Treaty of London, in which European nations agree to reduce their influences and cease all expansion in the Western Hemisphere in exchange for financial support from America in rebuilding the destruction caused by Napoleon

American, British and Russian armies enter Paris in the Spring of 1811

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1813-1818: Hamilton’s Second Term• Hamilton wins reelection easily, promoting

his role in the universally popular war across the country, stressing the industrial growth in the North, and a commitment to continuing the Federal Government’s silence on the matter of slavery in the South.

• Second term shifts focus away from the war and back towards the economy, where Hamilton expands federal spending to cover waterways, turnpikes and roads in addition the creation of government-funded factories

• Science is also a crucial part of Hamilton’s economic vision, with millions of dollars being sent to fund new advancements in industrial technology

• As a whole, Hamilton’s seeks to create the peaceful, trading empire envisioned by Washington

Government financed factory, producing goods brought to market at cheaper price due to subsidies, expands the benefits of industrialization to all Americans

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1818-1835

• Rufus King narrowly elected President in 1818, with Democratic-Republican Monroe winning the Vice Presidency

• An Era of Relatively Good Feelings follows

• Hamilton retires from public office upon the closure of his second term and dies of pneumonia the age of 70 in 1825

• President Jackson focuses on Western Expansion and Indian Removal

• In 1835, do largely to Hamilton’s economic policies of government involvement which were expanded and continued following Presidents, the United States supplants Britain as the world’s largest economy

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1830s-1850s• With European involvement in the

hemisphere dying out in the 1820s, the United States begins massive investment in the Caribbean and South America, flooding the markets with cheap American factory-produced goods

• American export revenue soars and the nation cements its position as the largest exporter

• ‘Hamiltonian Economics’ of having a strong central bank which finances industrial, scientific and commercial institutions continues to dominate the policies of governments in America as well as in the German, British and Brazilian Empires

• The United States purchases Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, California and Nevada from Mexico in 1848

A ubiquitous American trading vessel

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1850s-67s

• The contentious slavery issue begins to tear the nation apart in the 1850s before erupting into civil war in 1860

• The North, far more industrial than the South which was left neglected by Hamiltonian Economics (Southern governments opted instead to prolong their peculiar institution), defeats the rebellious Confederacy in a matter of months

• Reconstruction succeeds a complete restructure of the South’s economic system in the style of the North’s, but fails in changing racial attitudes

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1868-1890s• The United States becomes heavily involved in the

economies of Latin America during the 1870s, demanding all countries open up to trade

• Most countries are compliant and military action is minimal

• By the 1870s, the frontier region spanning most of the area west of the Mississippi until California was largely under-populated as few people saw an advantage in moving westward when the physical capital was already in the east

• By the 1880s, United States based corporations make up as much as 50% of the economies of certain countries in the region, sending the profits back home

• With increased economic penetration in Latin America comes an influx of immigrants from these countries, which generally flock to the Frontier

• This immigration is encouraged by the government to populate the region

• By 1890s Latin American immigrants and their descendants become a majority in several Western states

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1900-1920s• The United States enters the War

in Europe in 1917 and provide the necessary push to defeat the Central Powers

• Wilson’s League of Nations fails to pick up steam

• Harding is elected in 1920 and begins transforming the nation’s largely command economy, into a Free Market one

• Coolidge continues rapid privatization of industries and ending almost all regulation

• This is a popular move and results in a decade of prosperity

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1929-1945 • The stock market collapses in 1929, resulting in the worst depression in history • FDR elected in 1932 and blames deregulation on the collapse, opting to counter

the Depression with Keynesian economic policies, which he describes as a “modern form of Hamiltonian Economics”– He keeps industries privatized, but taxes them more and sends these funds to the

Bank of the United States which he uses to finance charitable social and welfare institutions

• The United States mobilizes for wartime production in 1940, sending supplies to the Allies and lifting itself out of the Depression

• The United States enters the war with bombing of Pearl Harbor in December of 1941

• The war ends in September of 1945 with the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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1946-1960s

• Truman continues using the Bank of the United States to support state-funded private welfare institutions, these programs are very successful in alleviating poverty even into the present day

• The Cold War escalates in the 1950s and the US fights a war in Korea• With the post-war baby-boom and return to prosperity, more and more Eastern, white

families begin to move to western and Great Plains cities, challenging the majority status of Latinos and great racial tension follows

• The Civil Rights Movement, began by blacks in the South during the late fifties, quickly spreads Westward and consumes the country

• Racial violence erupts throughout the South and West as marches and protests for racial harmony expand during the 1960s

• In 1964 the Civil Rights Act guarantees equality under the law for blacks and Latin-Americans

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1970-2011• The US fights an unpopular war in Vietnam, finally

withdrawing fully in 1976 • The eighties see Ronald Reagan lowering taxes

and ending some of the stringent regulations on industry

• With lower taxes the Second Bank of the United States receives less funding, a controversial move for those who benefit from its welfare and urban investment programs

• H.W Bush elected in 1988, continuing Reagan’s legacies

• Clinton, elected in 1992, increases the power of the bank based on popular demand by balancing the budget via decreased military spending

• W Bush elected in 2000• Bush copies Reagan’s policies to fund the wars in

Afghanistan and later Iraq• Obama elected in 2008