Judicial Branch Article 3 of the Constitution
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Transcript of Judicial Branch Article 3 of the Constitution
![Page 1: Judicial Branch Article 3 of the Constitution](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012922/56813107550346895d973733/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Judicial BranchArticle 3 of the Constitution
Unit 5 Vocabulary
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Dual Court
System
Federal
Courts
State Court
s
The United States court system based on Federalism.
The two court systems are:1.Federal2.State
Dual Court System
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The 4 levels of the VA
state court system
VA Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
Circuit Court
District Court
SACD
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U.S. Supreme Court
U.S. Court of
Appeals
U.S. District Court
SAD
The organization of the federal courts• Supreme Court• Appeals Court• District Court
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Judicial review
• The power of the Supreme Court to strike down a law as unconstitutional.
• Established in the case of Marbury v. Madison
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• The authority of a court to hear a particular type of case
• The geographic area in which a court has authority to hear cases.
Jurisdiction
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Original jurisdiction
A court’s authority to be the “first point of entry” into the court system for a particular
kind of legal case.
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Appellate jurisdiction
• The authority of a court to hear an appeal of a case from a lower court.
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appeal
To ask a higher court to review a case already heard in a lower court.
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Marbury v Madison
•Established the principal of judicial review
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Supreme Court
Hears appeals from state courts and lower federal courts
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Court of Appeals
Hears appeals and reviewsDecisions made in the U.S. District Court
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District Courts
Hears cases involving:• People from different states• Disputes between states themselves• The Constitution and Constitutional rights• Violations of federal laws
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Justices
Judges that serve at the U.S. Supreme Court or the
Virginia Supreme Court.
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The constitutional requirement that the government must follow fair
rules in a fair manner Due process is guaranteed
by the 5th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Due Process
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This amendment to the U.S. Constitution says the national government cannot deny any
citizen due process of law.
Fifth Amendment
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justiceFairness or proper treatment under the
law
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Week 2Vocabulary
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A serious crime such as murder, kidnapping or armed robbery
Felony
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misdemeanor
A less serious crime or violation of law that carries a maximum sentence of no more than one
year injail
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Civil Law
A legal case in which one party suesAnother party in a disagreement, andAsks the court to settle the disagreement
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Criminal Law
A case in which the government accuses an individual of breaking the
law
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complaint
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In a civil case, money being sought by a person or group to compensate them for a wrong or injury
done to them by another person or
group.
Damages
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prosecution
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defendant
In a trial, the person accused of a crime or the person being sued
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plaintiff
• In a civil case: the person or group bringing the case to court
• In a criminal case: the plaintiff is the government bringing charges against the accused criminal
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accused
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14th amendment
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arraignment
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plea
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verdict
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The level of evidence needed to make an arrest or get a search warrant. The evidence must be
more than just suspicion, but does not have to be absolute proof that the person committed the crime.
Probable Cause