Judge Not Heresy, The

8/2/2019 Judge Not Heresy, The

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5



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6



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:0



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`bcjrsb ijkv ejasb xpoxdb~s jpb gokb or~ fk~o ~db wopan +’

Fk ejc~! wb jpb ~o mrngb JAA ~dfkgs $: Cop+ 0=:2):5&+ ‑ @r~

db ~dj~ fs sxfpf~rja mrngb~d jaa ~dfkgs! vb~ db dfisbae fs

mrngbn oe ko ijk+ Eop wdo dj~d lkowk ~db ifkn oe ~db

Aopn! ~dj~ db ijv fks~prc~ dfi? @r~ wb djub ~db ifkn oe

Cdpfs~ +’

^db sxfpf~rja ijk nobs ko~ mrngb ~dfkgs `v dfs owk~dfklfkg `r~ `v ~db ifkn oe Cdpfs~ fk ~db Wopn oe Gon+ Db

lkows ~dj~ db afubs fk j ejaabk wopan efaabn wf~d afbs jkn

bppop jkn sxfpf~rja nbcbx~fok jkn db lkows ~dj~ db djs ~db

:3



afgd~ oe Gon‖s ~pr~d fk ~db Scpfx~rpb jkn db ~drs mrngbs jaa

~dfkgs `v ~dj~ afgd~+

POIJKS :>=> )) ‑Wdo jp~ ~dor ~dj~ mrngbs~ jko~dbpijk‖s sbpujk~? ~o dfs owk ijs~bp db s~jknb~d op ejaab~d+

Vbj! db sdjaa `b doanbk rx= eop Gon fs jàb ~o ijlb dfi

s~jkn+’

^dfs fs jko~dbp xjssjgb ~dj~ fs epbzrbk~av j`rsbn+ F~ fs sjfn

~dj~ ~dfs ubpsb eop`fns rs ~o btxosb sfk jkn bppop jkn

coixpoifsb+

^db ubpsb fs jaso rsbn ~o srxxop~ ~db noc~pfkb ~dj~ Scpfx~rpb

cjk `b nfufnbn fk~o bssbk~fja jkn kok)bssbk~fja noc~pfkb+

Okb xjs~op wpo~b ~o ib jkn sjfn=

‑Poijks :> fs xpo`jàv ~db ios~ ufoaj~bn xjssjgb `v~dosb oe rs wdo cjaa orpsbaubs —erknjibk~jafs~s‖ $ko~b~dj~ F fkcarnb ivsbae&+ Wb djub bf~dbp slfxxbn oubp ~dj~cdjx~bp op gfubk f~ j sfkeraav srpejcb fk~bpxpb~j~fok jknnjkcbn jporkn f~s xowbpera ijknj~bs eop nbjafkg wf~dnfeebpbkcbs oubp —sbcoknjpv‖ noc~pfkb wf~dfk ~db cdrpcd+@v —sbcoknjpv‖ F no ko~ ibjk —rkfixop~jk~+‖ F irs~ `b'eraav xbpsrjnbn' jòr~ jaa Scpfx~rpja fssrbs! ~dorgd Firs~ wbacoib jkn kbf~dbp mrngb kop aool nowk ok~dosb wdo nfeebp ok soib oe ~dbi+’

Poijks :> fs jk fixop~jk~ xjssjgb! `r~ f~ djs ko~dfkg ~o no

wf~d ~db fnbj ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb ~dfkgs fk Scpfx~rpb oe sbcoknjpv

ujarb fk ~db sbksb oe dow wb jpb ~o nbja wf~d ~dbi+ ^db

~wo btjixabs gfubk `v ~db jxos~ab jpb bj~fkg ibj~s jkn

lbbxfkg doav njvs+ ^dbsb jpb ij~~bps jòr~ wdfcd ~db @fàb

fs sfabk~+ ^dbpb jpb ko nfufkb ijknj~bs fk ~db Kbw

bs~jibk~ ejf~d cokcbpkfkg ~dbsb ~dfkgs+

^drs ~db sr`mbc~ oe Poijks :> fs dow wb jpb ~o nbja wf~d

ij~~bps KO^ CABJPAV ^JRGD^ FK SCPFX^RPB+ Fk

:>



ij~~bps fk wdfcd Gon djs ko~ xajfkav sxolbk! F ji ~o gfub

af`bp~v+

Ok ~db o~dbp djkn! fk ij~~bps fk wdfcd Gon djs xajfkavsxolbk! ~db okav ‑af`bp~v’ fs ~o o`bv+

Xboxab rsb Poijks :>=> ~o nbebkn ijkv jpbjs oe xajfk

nfso`bnfbkcb! srcd js wopanav irsfc! aokg djfp ok ibk!

fiionbs~ npbss ok woibk! woibk xpbjcdbps! b~c+ Sfkcb

~db @fàb djs sxolbk xajfkav jòr~ ~dbsb ij~~bps! f~ fs j

ifsrsb ~o jxxav Poijks :>=> ~o ~dbi+

Poijks :> fs ko~ sjvfkg ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb soib noc~pfkbs ~dj~

jpb bssbk~fja jkn soib ~dj~ jpb kok)bssbk~fja+ F~ fs sjvfkg

~dj~ ~dbpb jpb soib ~dfkgs cabjpav ~jrgd~ fk Scpfx~rpb jkn

~dosb ~dfkgs jpb `fknfkg! `r~ ~dbpb jpb ijkv ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb

ibpb xpfuj~b cokufc~fok jkn ~dosb jpb ko~ `fknfkg+

: COPFK^DFJKS >=3)2 )) ‑@r~ wf~d ib f~ fs j ubpv

sijaa ~dfkg ~dj~ F sdoran `b mrngbn oe vor! op oe ijk's

mrngibk~= vbj! F mrngb ko~ ifkb owk sbae+ Eop F lkow

ko~dfkg `v ivsbae< vb~ ji F ko~ dbpb`v mrs~fefbn= `r~ db

~dj~ mrngb~d ib fs ~db Aopn+ ^dbpbeopb mrngb ko~dfkg

`beopb ~db ~fib! rk~fa ~db Aopn coib! wdo ò~d wfaa

`pfkg ~o afgd~ ~db dfnnbk ~dfkgs oe njplkbss! jkn wfaa

ijlb ijkfebs~ ~db corksbas oe ~db dbjp~s= jkn ~dbk sdjaa

bubpv ijk djub xpjfsb oe Gon+’

Dbpb fs jko~dbp xjssjgb ~dj~ fs ifsrsbn `v ~dosb wdo doan

~db kokmrngibk~ja xdfaosoxdv! `r~ Xjra fs ko~ sjvfkg ~dj~

`bafbubps sdoran mrngb ko~dfkg j~ jaa jkn sdoran abjub jaa

mrngibk~ ~o Gon+ ^dfs woran `b cok~pjpv ~o ijkv o~dbp

xjssjgbs fk ~db sjib bxfs~ab $f+b+! : Copfk~dfjks 0=:2< 2=3!

:0< 5=0)3< :>=06&+

:2



Xjra fs sjvfkg! pj~dbp! ~dj~ `bafbubps jpb ko~ ~o mrngb

ifkfs~bps `v ~dbfp owk drijk ~dfklfkg js ~o wdj~ j

ifkfs~bp sdoran `b jkn dow db sdoran ~bjcd jkn jc~! `r~

~dbv jpb ~o mrngb pfgd~bors mrngibk~ jccopnfkg ~o Gon‖s

Wopn+

Db fs ~jalfkg jòr~ `bfkg mrngbn `v ‑ijk‖s mrngibk~’ $:

Cop+ >=3&+ F~ fs ko~ pbzrfpbn ~dj~ j ifkfs~bp srf~ ibk jkn

`bkn ~o ~dbfp ~dfklfkg< f~ fs pbzrfpbn ~dj~ db `b ejf~dera ~o

Gon! jkn ~dfs fs ~db okav xpoxbp s~jknjpn `v wdfcd db cjk

`b mrngbn+

Xjra! rknbp fksxfpj~fok oe ~db Doav Sxfpf~! fs jaso sjvfkg

~dj~ ra~fij~b jkn efkja mrngibk~ `baokgs ~o ~db Aopn<

~dbpbeopb! wb irs~ `b driàb jkn cjr~fors fk orp

mrngibk~s fk ~dfs xpbsbk~ ~fib $: Cop+ >=>)2&+ Bubk ~dorgd

wb djub ~db Wopn oe Gon jkn wb jpb oàfgbn ~o mrngbbubpv~dfkg ok ~db `jsfs oe Gon‖s Wopn! wb irs~ ko~ ~dfkl

~dj~ wb jpb fkejaafàb+ Wb nok‖~ bubk lkow orp owk dbjp~s

fkejaafàv $Mbp+ :7=6&+ Wb djub ~o wjal fk ~db afgd~ ~dj~ wb

djub jkn afub orp afubs jkn btbpcfsb orp ifkfs~pfbs `v ~dj~

afgd~! `r~ orp lkowabngb fs ubpv fixbpebc~ fk ~dfs xpbsbk~

wopan jkn orp mrngibk~s jpb ejaafàb+

Wb cjk lkow fe j ijk‖s ~bjcdfkg fs ejasb jkn wb cjk lkow

bkorgd! ~dbpbeopb! ~o ijpl dfs bppop jkn ~o juofn f~! `r~ wb

no ko~ lkow ~db sbcpb~s oe ibk‖s dbjp~s jkn wb no ko~

lkow jaa oe ~db ~dfkgs ~dj~ wfaa `b `porgd~ ~o `bjp jkn coib

fk~o xajv wdbk Gon mrngbs ibk fk ~dj~ xbpebc~ afgd~ oe j

coifkg njv+ ^drs wb lkow ~dj~ jaa oe orp mrngibk~s fk ~dfs

wopan jpb xpoufsfokja jkn ~db efkja mrngibk~ wfaa `b gfubkokav `v Gon+

MJIBS >=::):0 )) ‑Sxbjl ko~ bufa okb oe jko~dbp!

`pb~dpbk+ Db ~dj~ sxbjlb~d bufa oe dfs `po~dbp! jkn

:5



mrngb~d dfs `po~dbp! sxbjlb~d bufa oe ~db ajw! jkn

mrngb~d ~db ajw= `r~ fe ~dor mrngb ~db ajw! ~dor jp~ ko~

j nobp oe ~db ajw! `r~ j mrngb+ ^dbpb fs okb ajwgfubp!

wdo fs jàb ~o sjub jkn ~o nbs~pov= wdo jp~ ~dor ~dj~

mrngbs~ jko~dbp?’

^dfs xjssjgb fs jaso epbzrbk~av ifsrsbn `v ~db bcribkfcja

cpown ~o srxxop~ ~db ejasb noc~pfkb ~dj~ Cdpfs~fjks jpb

eop`fnnbk ~o mrngb+

ô ijlb ~dbsb ubpsbs ~bjcd ~dj~ Cdpfs~fjks cjk kbubp mrngb!

~dorgd! ~dpows ~db @fàb fk~o cokersfok+ ^dbpb fs j pfgd~

mrngibk~ jkn j wpokg mrngibk~+ Js wb djub sbbk! ijkv

ubpsbs coiijkn rs ~o mrngb pfgd~bors mrngibk~ $Arlb

:0=27< Modk 7=0>< : Cop+ 0=:2&+ Wb jpb ~o mrngb xpbjcdfkg

$: Cop+ :>=06&! sfk fk ~db cdrpcdbs $: Cop+ 2=3&! fssrbs fk ~db

cdrpcdbs $: Cop+ 5=2&! sfk fk orp owk afubs $: Cop+ ::=3:&!ejasb ~bjcdbps $Ij~+ 7=:2< Poi+ :5=:7&< sxfpf~s $: Modk >=:&!

b~c+

Wdj~ ~vxb oe mrngibk~! ~dbk! fs Mjibs eop`fnnfkg? ^db

cok~bt~ cajpfefbs ~db ij~~bp+

Efps~! Mjibs fs wjpkfkg jgjfks~ bufa sxbjlfkg $Mji+ >=::&+

Xpoxbp mrngfkg fs ~o sxbjl ~db ~pr~d fk aoub+ ^db ~pr~d fs ko~

bufa jkn sxbjlfkg ~db ~pr~d fk aoub fs ko~ bufa+ J xjssfok eop

~pr~d jkn jgjfks~ bppop fs ko~ bufa+ ^db Xsjaifs~ ionbabn

~dj~ xjssfok+ ‑^dbpbeopb F bs~bbi jaa ~dv xpbcbx~s

cokcbpkfkg jaa ~dfkgs ~o `b pfgd~< jkn F dj~b bubpv ejasb

wjv’ $Xsjais ::6=:04&+

^db ~vxb oe mrngfkg coknbikbn `v Mjibs fs mrngfkg fk ~db

sbksb oe ~bjpfkg nowk! ~jab `bjpfkg! jkn sajknbp+ F~ fs

:7



mrngfkg wf~d jk bufa fk~bk~+ Wdbk okb mrngbs sfk jkn bppop

scpfx~rpjaav! f~ fs kbubp wf~d j nbsfpb ~o drp~ xboxab+

Wb sbb jk btjixab oe bufa mrngibk~ fk ~db Xdjpfsbbs+ ^dbv mrngbn Mbsrs fk jk bufa ijkkbp fk ~dj~ ~dbv wbpb ko~

mrngfkg ok ~db `jsfs oe ~pr~d< ~dbv okav wjk~bn ~o drp~ Dfi

$Mk+ 7=20&+ ^db ejasb ~bjcdbps j~ Gjaj~fj jkn Copfk~d mrngbn

Xjra fk ~db sjib ijkkbp! ~pvfkg ~o ~bjp dfi nowk fk ~db

bvbs oe ~db cdrpcdbs $0 Cop+ :8=:8&+

^dfs fs wdj~ Mjibs eop`fns! `r~ db fs ko~ eop`fnnfkg ~db

scpfx~rpja jkn coixjssfokj~b jkn bubk }bjaors mrngfkg oe

bppop jkn oe ~dosb wdo xpoio~b bppop+ ^db jxos~abs jkn

xpoxdb~s oe ~db bjpav cdrpcdbs btdf`f~bn ~dfs ~vxb oe

mrngibk~ coks~jk~av! js wb cjk sbb fk ~db `ool oe Jc~s jkn

fk ~db Bxfs~abs+

Sbcokn! Mjibs fs wjpkfkg j`or~ mrngfkg fk j wjv ~dj~ fs

cok~pjpv ~o ~db ajw oe Gon $‑~dbpb fs okb ajwgfubp !’ Mji+

>=:0&+

^dfs pbebps ~o mrngfkg o~dbps `v drijk s~jknjpns pj~dbp

~djk nfufkb! ~drs sb~~fkg okbsbae rx js ~db ajwgfubp+ ^db

Xdjpfsbbs nfn ~dfs wdbk ~dbv mrngbn Mbsrs `v ~dbfp

~pjnf~foks $Ij~+ :2=:)3&+

Ok ~db o~dbp djkn! wdbk j `bafbubp mrngbs ~dfkgs `v Gon‖s

Wopn fk j gonav jkn coixjssfokj~b ijkkbp! db fs ko~

btbpcfsfkg dfs owk mrngibk~< db fs btbpcfsfkg Gon‖s

mrngibk~+ Wdbk! eop btjixab! wb sjv ~dj~ f~ fs wpokg eop j

woijk ~o `b j xjs~op op f~ fs j sdjib eop j ijk ~o djub

aokg djfp op ~dj~ ~dosb wdo aoub ~db wopan jpb jnra~bpbps!

~dfs fs ko~ orp mrngibk~ op ajw< f~ fs Gon‖s $: ^fi+ 0=:0< :

Cop+ ::=:>< Mji+ >=>&+

:4



$Eop iopb ok ubpsbs ifsrsbn `v ~db bcribkfcja ioubibk~

sbb ~db òol ^dfkgs Djpn ~o @b Rknbps~oon= J Djknòol

oe @fàfcja Nfeefcra~fbs+ Sbb xjp~fcrajpav ~db s~rnfbs ok :

Sjirba 0>=>):8< Ij~~dbw :4=:2):7< Ijpl 6=34)>8< Modk

:3=32< :7=0:< Jc~s 2=34)36+ ^dfs òol fs jujfajàb fk xpfk~

jkn b@ool bnf~foks epoi Wjv oe Afeb Af~bpj~rpb!

www+wjvoeafeb+opg+&

^db eoaaowfkg jnnf~fokja coiibk~s jòr~ mrngfkg jpb `v

~db aj~b Epjklafk G+ Drafkg=

^dfs zrbs~fok! Fs f~ pfgd~ ~o mrngb? fs okb ~dj~ xr}}absijkv sfkcbpb Cdpfs~fjks+ J cjpbera jkn oxbk)ifknbns~rnv oe ~db @fàb ijlbs f~ cabjp ~dj~ cokcbpkfkgcbp~jfk uf~ja ij~~bps! f~ fs ko~ okav pfgd~ `r~ j xosf~fubnr~v ~o mrngb+ Ijkv no ko~ lkow ~dj~))^DBSCPFX^RPB COIIJKNS Ô MRNGB+

^db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ coiijknbn! ‑Mrngb pfgd~bors mrngibk~’ $Modk 7=0>&+ Db ~oan j ijk! ‑^dor djs~pfgd~av mrngbn’ $Arlb 7=>3&+ ô o~dbps! orp Aopn jslbn!‑Wdv bubk oe vorpsbaubs mrngb vb ko~ wdj~ fspfgd~?’ $Arlb :0=27&+

^db jxos~ab Xjra wpo~b! ‑F sxbjl js ~o wfsb ibk< mrngbvb wdj~ F sjv’ $: Cop+ :8=:2&+ Jgjfk! Xjra nbcajpbn!‑Db ~dj~ fs sxfpf~rja mrngb~d jaa ~dfkgs’ $: Cop+ 0=:2&+ F~ fsorp xosf~fub nr~v ~o mrngb+

Ejasb ^bjcdbps jkn Ejasb ^bjcdfkg

‑@bwjpb oe ejasb xpoxdb~s*’ $Ij~~dbw 7=:2& fs ~dbwjpkfkg jkn coiijkn oe orp Aopn+ @r~ dow coran wb‑`bwjpb’ jkn dow coran wb lkow ~dbv jpb ‑ejasbxpoxdb~s’ fe wb no ko~ mrngb? Jkn wdj~ fs ~db Gon)gfubk s~jknjpn `v wdfcd wb jpb ~o mrngb? ‑ o ~db Ajwjkn ~o ~db ^bs~fiokv= fe ~dbv sxbjl ko~ jccopnfkg ~o

^DFS WOPN! f~ fs `bcjrsb ~dbpb fs KO AFGD^ fk~dbi’ $Fsjfjd 4=08&+ ‑Vb sdjaa lkow ~dbi `v ~dbfp eprf~s!’ Cdpfs~ sjfn $Ij~+ 7=:5&+ Jkn fk mrngfkg ~db‑eprf~s!’ wb irs~ mrngb `v Gon‖s Wopn! ko~ `v wdj~jxxbjas ~o drijk pbjsokfkg+ Ijkv ~dfkgs sbbi goon

:6



~o drijk mrngibk~ wdfcd jpb ejasb ~o ~db Wopn oe Gon+

^db jxos~ab Xjra jniokfsdbn `bafbubps! ‑Kow F`bsbbcd vor! `pb~dpbk! IJPL ^DBI wdfcd cjrsbnfufsfoks jkn oeebkcbs cok~pjpv ~o ~db noc~pfkb wdfcdvb djub abjpkbn< jkn JUOFN ^DBI+ Eop ~dbv ~dj~ jpbsrcd sbpub ko~ orp Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~! `r~ ~dbfp owk`baav< jkn `v goon wopns jkn ejfp sxbbcdbs nbcbfub~db dbjp~s oe ~db sfixab+’ $Poijks :5=:7):4&+ ^dfsjxos~oafc coiijkn coran ko~ `b o`bvbn wbpb f~ ko~pfgd~ ~o mrngb+ Gon wjk~s rs ~o lkow Dfs Wopn jkn~dbk ~bs~ jaa ~bjcdbps jkn ~bjcdfkg `v f~+ Ko~fcb jaso~dj~ f~ fs ~db ejasb ~bjcdbps wdo ijlb ~db ‑nfufsfoks!’jkn ko~ ~dosb wdo xpo~bs~ jgjfks~ ~dbfp ejasb ~bjcdfkg+

Jkn ~dbsb nbcbfubps jpb ko~ sbpufkg Cdpfs~! js ~dbvxpoebss! ‑`r~ ~dbfp owk `baav!’ op ~dbfp owk ‑`pbjn jkn`r~~bp js wb woran xr~ f~+ Wb jpb ~o ‑IJPL ^DBI’jkn ‑JUOFN ^DBI+’

‑Coib or~ epoi jiokg ~dbi! jkn `b vb sbxjpj~b!sjf~d ~db Aopn+’ $0 Cop+ 5=:7< pbjn jaso ubpsbs :>):4&

‑Epoi srcd ~rpk jwjv’ $0 ^fi+ 3=2&+ ‑Wf~dnpjwvorpsbaubs+’ $0 ^dbss+ 3=5&

‑Jkn djub ko ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss! `r~ pj~dbp pbxpoub ~dbi+’ $Bxd+ 2=::&

‑J@DOP ^DJ^ WDFCD FS BUFA< CABJUB ^O ^DJ^WDFCD FS GOON+’ $Poi+ :0=6&

‑Xpoub jaa ~dfkgs< doan ejs~ ~dj~ wdfcd fs goon+’ $:^dbss+ 2=0:&

F~ woran `b fixossf`ab ~o o`bv ~dbsb fkmrkc~foks oe Gon‖s Wopn rkabss f~ wbpb pfgd~ ~o mrngb+ Jknpbibi`bp! ko~dfkg fs ‑goon’ fk Gon‖s sfgd~ ~dj~ fs ko~~prb ~o Dfs Wopn+

^db jxos~ab Modk wpo~b! ‑@baoubn! `bafbub ko~ bubpvsxfpf~! `r~ ~pv \~bs~! mrngbY ~db sxfpf~s wdb~dbp ~dbv jpb oe Gon= `bcjrsb ijkv ejasb xpoxdb~s jpb gokb or~ fk~o~db wopan’ $: Modk >=:&+ Jgjfk db wpo~b! ‑Eop ijkvnbcbfubps jpb bk~bpbn fk~o ~db wopan! wdo cokebss ko~~dj~ Mbsrs Cdpfs~ fs coib fk ~db eabsd+++ Fe ~dbpb coib

08



jkv rk~o vor! jkn `pfkg ko~ ~dfs noc~pfkb! PBCBFUBDFI KO^ fk~o vorp dorsb! kbf~dbp `fn dfi Gon sxbbn=Eop db ~dj~ `fnnb~d dfi Gon sxbbn fs xjp~jlbp oe dfsbufa nbbns’ $0 Modk 7! :8)::&+ ^dfs Scpfx~rpbcoiijkns rs ~o mrngb `b~wbbk ~dosb wdo no jkn~dosb wdo no ko~ `pfkg ~db ~prb noc~pfkb oe Cdpfs~+

Wdbkbubp j cdfan oe Gon cok~pf`r~bs ~o jnbkoifkj~fokja `rngb~ ~dj~ srxxop~s Ionbpkfs~ifssfokjpfbs op ~bjcdbps! db fs grfa~v `beopb Gon!jccopnfkg ~o ~dfs Scpfx~rpb! oe `fnnfkg ~dbi ‑Gonsxbbn’ fk ~db ios~ beebc~fub wjv xossfàb+ Jkn db~dbpb`v `bcoibs j ‑xjp~jlbp’ wf~d ~dbi oe ~dbfp ‑bufanbbns’ oe sxpbjnfkg sora)njikfkg xofsok+ Dow~bppfàb! `r~ dow ~prb* Jporsb vorpsbae! cdfan oe Gon+ Fe vor jpb grfa~v! jsl Gon ~o eopgfub vor jkn dbax vorkbubp jgjfk ~o `b grfa~v oe ~db àoon oe soras eop wdoiCdpfs~ nfbn+ Wdbk wb jpb wfaafkg ~o sreebp eop Cdpfs~! wbcjk pbjnfav sbb ~db ~pr~d oe Gon‖s Wopn ok ~dfs~pbibknorsav fixop~jk~ ij~~bp+ ‑Fe wb sreebp! wb sdjaajaso pbfgk wf~d Dfi’ $0 ^fi+ 0=:0&+

^db pbjsok Cdpfs~bknoi fs ~onjv dokbvcoi`bn jknxjpjav}bn `v Sj~jkfc Ionbpkfsi fs `bcjrsb Cdpfs~fjksdjub ko~ o`bvbn ~db coiijkn oe Gon‖s Wopn ~o mrngbjkn xr~ jwjv jkn sbxjpj~b epoi ejasb ~bjcdbps jknejasb ~bjcdfkg wdbk ~dbv efps~ jxxbjpbn fk ~dbfp ifns~+Xdvsfcja dbja~d fs ijfk~jfkbn `v sbxjpj~fok epoinfsbjsb gbpis+ Sxfpf~rja dbja~d fs ijfk~jfkbn `vsbxjpj~fok epoi gbpis oe ejasb noc~pfkb+ ^db gpbj~bs~xbpfa oe orp njv fs ko~ ~oo ircd mrngfkg! `r~ ~oo af~~ab

mrngfkg oe sxfpf~rja ejasbdoon+ Gon wjk~s Dfs cdfanpbk~o `b aflb ~db koàb @bpbjks wdo ‑sbjpcdbn ~dbScpfx~rpbs njfav! wdb~dbp ~dosb ~dfkgs wbpb so’ $Jc~s:7=::&+

Poijks 0=:)3 fs jaso jnnpbssbn ~o ~db pbafgforsdvxocpf~b wdo coknbikbn dfisbae `bcjrsb db wjsgrfa~v oe ~db sjib ~dfkgs eop wdfcd db coknbikbno~dbps+ Mjibs >=::):0 pbebps ~o jk bufa sxfpf~ oe

`jcl`f~fkg jkn ejra~ efknfkg! ko~ ~o mrngfkg wdb~dbp ~bjcdbps op ~bjcdfkgs jgpbb op nfsjgpbb wf~d Gon‖sWopn+ ^db @fàb kbubp cok~pjnfc~s f~sbae+ o rknbps~jknokb xop~fok oe Scpfx~rpb wb irs~ ufbw f~ fk ~db afgd~ oe jaa Scpfx~rpb+ ‑Ko xpoxdbcv oe ~db Scpfx~rpb fs oe jkvxpfuj~b $fsoaj~bn& fk~bpxpb~j~fok’ $0 Xb~bp :=08&+

0:



‑Coixjpfkg sxfpf~rja ~dfkgs $wopns& wf~d sxfpf~rja’ $:Cop+ 0=:3&+

O~dbp Ij~~bps ~o @b Mrngbn

Fiiopja coknrc~ oe xpoebssbn `bafbubps fk Cdpfs~ fs ~o`b mrngbn+ : Copfk~dfjks cdjx~bp 2 ~baas j sjn s~opvjkn caosbs wf~d ~db jxos~oafc fkmrkc~fok! ‑^dbpbeopb xr~jwjv epoi jiokg vorpsbaubs ~dj~ wfclbn xbpsok’ $0Cop+ 2=:3&+

Nfsxr~bs `b~wbbk Cdpfs~fjks cokcbpkfkg ‑~dfkgs ~dj~xbp~jfk ~o ~dfs afeb’ $: Cop+ 5=3& sdoran `b mrngbn `v j

~pf`rkja oe ebaaow Cdpfs~fjks fks~bjn oe gofkg `beopbrk`bafbubps fk ~db cfufa corp~s+ ^db wdoab sft~d cdjx~bp oe : Copfk~dfjks ijlbs cabjp Gon‖s xajk eop Dfs xboxabfk ~dfs pbgjpn+ Jkn soib s~jp~afkg ~pr~ds jpb dbpbpbubjabn= Efps~! ‑~db sjfk~s sdjaa mrngb ~db wopan+’Sbcokn! ‑wb sdjaa mrngb jkgbas’ $: Cop+ 5=0) 3&+@baoubn! jpb wb ab~~fkg Gon xpbxjpb rs eop ~dfs dfgdxajcb?

Wb orgd~ ~o mrngb orpsbaubs+ ‑Btjifkb vorpsbaubs!wdb~dbp vb `b fk ~db ejf~d< xpoub vorp owk sbaubs’ $0Cop+ :3=2&+ ‑Eop fe wb woran mrngb orpsbaubs! wb sdoranko~ `b mrngbn+ @r~ wdbk wb jpb mrngbn! wb jpbcdjs~bkbn $cdfan ~pjfkbn& oe ~db Aopn! ~dj~ wb sdoranko~ `b coknbikbn wf~d ~db wopan’ $: Cop+ ::=3:)30&+Wdj~ j cdjkgb jkn wdj~ j àbssfkg f~ woran `b fe wbworan mrngb orp owk ejra~s js rkcdjpf~jàv js wb no~db ejra~s oe o~dbps))jkn fe wb woran mrngb ~db ejfafkgs

oe o~dbps js cdjpf~jàv js wb no orp owk* JknCdpfs~fjks coran sjub ~dbisbaubs ircd cdjs~bkfkg oe ~db Aopn fe ~dbv woran mrngb jkn cokebss jkn cbjsb~dbfp nfso`bnfbkcb ~o Gon+ Jkn! O! dow ircdnfsdokorp jkn ajcl oe eprf~ woran orp àbssbn Aopn `bsxjpbn*

Afif~j~foks oe Drijk Mrngibk~

Wb jpb ko~ ~o mrngb scprxabs+ Gon eop`fns orp mrngfkgorp `pb~dpbk cokcbpkfkg ~db bj~fkg oe cbp~jfk lfkns oe eoon! lbbxfkg oe njvs! b~c+ Poijks cdjx~bp :>< :Copfk~dfjks :8=03)33< jkn Coaossfjks 0=:5):7 coubp ~dfs sr`mbc~+

00



Wb jpb jaso ko~ ~o mrngb io~fubs+ Sbb : Copfk~dfjks>=:)2+ Okav Gon cjk sbb fk~o ~db dbjp~ jkn lkow ~dbio~fubs ~dj~ rknbpafb jc~foks+

Wb jpb jaso ko~ ~o mrngb wdo fs sjubn+ ‑^db Aopnlkowb~d ~dbi ~dj~ jpb Dfs’ $0 ^fi+ 0=:6&+ Wb cjkko~aool fk~o jkvokb‖s dbjp~ jkn sjv wdb~dbp op ko~ ~dbvdjub jccbx~bn ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ js ~dbfp xbpsokjaSjuforp! fe ~dbv xpoebss ~dj~ ~dbv djub+ @r~ wb djn`b~~bp ~bs~ orpsbaubs jccopnfkg ~o 0 Cop+ 2=:7= ‑Fe jkvijk `b FK CDPFS ! db fs j kbw cpbj~rpb= oan ~dfkgsjpb xjssbn jwjv< `bdoan! jaa ~dfkgs jpb `bcoib kbw+’Fe ~dfs cdjkgb djs ko~ ~jlbk xajcb! orp xpoebssfok fsujfk+

Babibk~s fk Mrngibk~

^db Kbw bs~jibk~ Gpbbl wopn ~dj~ fs ios~ oe~bk~pjksaj~bn ‑mrngb’ op ‑mrngibk~’ fs ‑lpfko+’ Ok ~db okbdjkn! f~ ibjks ~o nfs~fkgrfsd! ~o nbcfnb! ~o nb~bpifkb!~o cokcarnb! ~o ~pv! ~o ~dfkl jkn ~o cjaa fk zrbs~fok+ ^dj~fs wdj~ Gon wjk~s Dfs cdfanpbk ~o no js ~o wdb~dbp

xpbjcdbps! ~bjcdbps jkn ~dbfp ~bjcdfkgs jpb ~prb op ejasb ~o Dfs Wopn+

^db jxos~ab Xjra wpf~bs= ‑Jkn ~dfs F xpjv! ~dj~ vorp aoubijv j`orkn vb~ iopb jkn iopb fk lkowabngb jkn fkjaa mrngibk~< ~dj~ vb ijv jxxpoub ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpbbtcbaabk~’ $Xdfafxxfjks :=6):8&+ J wpokg fnbj oe aoubjkn ajcl oe lkowabngb jkn mrngibk~ cjrsbs Gon‖sxboxab oe~bk ~o jxxpoub ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb jkv~dfkg `r~

btcbaabk~ fk Gon‖s sfgd~+ ^db bxfs~ab ~o ~db Db`pbws~baas rs ~dj~ ij~rpb `bafbubps! ~dj~ fs! ~dosb wdo jpb oe ‑eraa jgb!’ jpb ~dosb wdo `v pbjsok oe rsb djub ~dbfp sbksbs btbpcfsbn ~o nfscbpk `o~d goon jknbufa’ $Db`pbws 2=:>&+

Ok ~db o~dbp djkn! ~db Gpbbl wopn ‑lpfko’))mrngb op mrngibk~))ibjks ~o coknbik! ~o sbk~bkcb! jkn ~oxrkfsd+ ^dfs fs Gon‖s xpbpogj~fub! eop Db djs sjfn!

‑Ubkgbjkcb fs Ifkb! F wfaa pbxjv! sjf~d ~db Aopn’ $Poi+:0=:6&+

^drs Cdpfs~fjks jpb ~o btbpcfsb nfscbpkibk~! `r~ ko~ubkgbjkcb+

03



Grjpn Jgjfks~ j Wpokg J~~f~rnb

Cdpfs~fjks sdoran wj~cd jgjfks~ ~db ~bknbkcv oe ~dbeabsd ~o jssrib j cpf~fcja jkn cbksopfors j~~f~rnb~owjpn ~dosb wdo no ko~ sdjpb orp oxfkfoks jòr~o~dbp ij~~bps ~djk ~dosb wdfcd djub ~o no wf~d @fàbnoc~pfkb jkn iopja coknrc~+ Pj~dbp ~djk ‑xfcl ~oxfbcbs’ orp `pb~dpbk fk Cdpfs~! f~ fs orp xpfufabgb jknnr~v ~o no bubpv~dfkg wb cjk ~o bkcorpjgb ~dbfp sxfpf~rja rx`rfanfkg+ Wb orgd~ ~o aoub jkn xpjv eop okbjko~dbp jkn coksfnbp orpsbaubs abs~ wb `b ~bix~bn+

J Efkja Wopn

Fe vor jpb sjubn! iv pbjnbp! ab~ rs ko~ eopgb~ ~dj~ ‑wbirs~ jaa jxxbjp `beopb ~db mrngibk~ sbj~ oe Cdpfs~’ $0Copfk~dfjks 2=:8&+ F~ wfaa `b wbaa wf~d ~dosb wdo jpbs~rnvfkg Gon‖s Wopn! wjalfkg fk ~db afgd~ oe f~! afufkg eop Cdpfs~ jkn ~db sjauj~fok oe soras+ F~ wfaa go faa wf~d ~dosbwdo djub jccbx~bn Cdpfs~ `r~ wdo jpb afufkg eop ~db~dfkgs oe ~dfs wopan+

Fe vor jpb j ibpb xpoebssop oe Cdpfs~! op xpoebssko~dfkg! iv epfbkn! ijv F aoufkgav pbifkn vor ~dj~‑mrngibk~ irs~ `bgfk j~ ~db dorsb oe Gon< jkn fe f~ efps~`bgfk j~ rs! wdj~ sdjaa ~db bkn `b oe ~dbi ~dj~ o`bvko~ ~db Gosxba?’ $: Xb~bp >=:7&+ Nbajv ko~ jko~dbp ioibk~ ~o jsl Gon eop Cdpfs~‖s sjlb ~o eopgfub vorp sfks+ Srppbknbp vorp dbjp~ jkn wfaa ~o ~db aoufkgSjuforp wdo nfbn eop vor+ Ijlb Dfi ~db Aopn oe vorp afeb+ Djxxv jkn àbssbn wfaa vor `b! kow jkn eopbubp

$Epjklafk G+ Drafkg&+

0>



Fs Aoub Kokmrngibk~ja?

Wdbk @fàb)`bafbufkg Cdpfs~fjks ~jlb ~db Wopn oe Gon jkn

ibjsrpb abjnbps! cdrpcdbs! nbkoifkj~foks jkn ioubibk~s

~onjv `v f~! pbxpoufkg sfk jkn bppop! ~dbv jpb fkujpfjàv

cdjpgbn wf~d j ajcl oe aoub+

Eop btjixab! j woijk wpo~b ~o ib jkn sjfn=

‑Vor xpbjcd jòr~ dbpbsv+ WDJ^ J@OR^ AOUB? +++

Epoi wdj~ F djub ufbwbn ok vorp wb`sf~b! vor doanvorp ufbws js dfgd js ~db @fàb f~sbae+ Wdj~ vor cjaa—}bja eop ~db @fàb‖ F cjaa jppogjkcb jkn xpfnb+ Fe vorlkbw ~db @fàb js wbaa js vor cajfi! ~dbk F `bafbubvor‖n afub f~+ ^db aos~ wfaa kbubp `b pbjcdbn ~dporgdsrcd dj~pbn’ $Ab~~bp epoi j pbjnbp! Ijv :667&+

^dfs ajnv wjs rxsb~ jòr~ iv xpbjcdfkg! `r~ fks~bjn oe

btxajfkfkg iv jaabgbn bppop cjpberaav epoi ~db @fàb! sdb

cdjpgbn ib wf~d j ajcl oe aoub! jkn ~dfs! fk sxf~b oe dbp owk

djrgd~v jkn mrngibk~ja j~~f~rnb ~owjpn ib*

ô ~dfs gbkbpj~fok! ~db kbgj~fub jsxbc~s oe `fàfcja

Cdpfs~fjkf~v jpb rkaoufkg+ ô cjpberaav ~bs~ ~dfkgs `v ~db

@fàb fs rklfkn+ ô wjpk oe ejasb gosxbas fs

rkcoixjssfokj~b+ ô ijpl jkn juofn ejasb ~bjcdbps fsibjk)sxfpf~bn+ ô xpbjcd dfgd jkn doav s~jknjpns oe

Cdpfs~fjk afufkg fs abgjafs~fc ibjk)sxfpf~bnkbss+

J ebw vbjps jgo! Bujkgbafs~ Mjcl Ujk Fixb pbmbc~bn

`fàfcja sbxjpj~fsi jkn wbk~ oubp ~o ~db bcribkfcja

xdfaosoxdv+ Db sjfn=

‑Ab~‖s eopgb~ orp aj`bas jkn coib ~ogb~dbp fk aoub! jkn~db xoxb djs cjaabn eop ~dj~+ F djn >88 ubpsbs ok aoub+^faa F nfb F wfaa xpocajfi ko~dfkg `r~ aoub eop jaa iv`po~dbps jkn sfs~bps fk Cdpfs~! iv Cj~doafc `po~dbps jknsfs~bps! Xpo~bs~jk~ `po~dbps jkn sfs~bps! Cdpfs~fjkPbeopibn! Ar~dbpjks! F nok‖~ cjpb wdj~ aj`ba vor jpb+

02



@v ~dfs sdjaa jaa ibk lkow ~dj~ vb jpb iv nfscfxabs fe vbdjub aoub okb ~o jko~dbp+’

^dfs fs ~db xoxrajp ufbw oe Cdpfs~fjk aoub! `r~ f~ fs ejasbjkn njkgbpors+

Bcribkfs~s Jpb Cokersbn jòr~ ~db Nbefkf~fok oe Aoub

$Wdbk wb rsb ~db ~bpi ‑bcribkfs~!’ wb jpb pbebppfkg ~o

bcribkfsi fk jaa oe f~s ijkv jsxbc~s! fkcarnfkg bujkgbafcja

bcribkfsi+&

Aoub fs bssbk~fja+ ^db @fàb sjvs ~dj~ wf~dor~ aoub ‑F ji

`bcoib js sorknfkg `pjss! op j ~fklafkg cvi`ja+’ ^db @fàb

sjvs ~dj~ Gon fs aoub! jkn ~dosb wdo lkow Gon wfaa pbeabc~

Dfs aoub+

Wdj~ fs aoub! ~dorgd? ^db bcribkfcja wopan fs cokersbn

jòr~ f~s nbefkf~fok+ Aoub irs~ `b nbefkbn `fàfcjaav+ ôdrijk ~dfklfkg! aoub fs j wjpi ebbafkg op j poijk~fc

~dorgd~+ ‑Aoub!’ ~o ~dfs bcribkfcja gbkbpj~fok! fs

`pojnifknbnkbss jkn kok)mrngibk~ja ~oabpjkcb oe jkv okb

wdo cajfis ~o lkow ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~+ F~ fs j wjpi

er}}v ebbafkg vor gb~ wdfab dfgd ok cok~bixopjpv wopsdfx

irsfc+

^dfs fs ko~ wdj~ ~db @fàb sjvs jòr~ aoub+ Coksfnbp ~db

eoaaowfkg ubpsbs oe Doav Scpfx~rpb=

‑Mbsrs jkswbpbn jkn sjfn rk~o dfi! FE J IJK AOUBIB! DB WFAA LBBX IV WOPNS= jkn iv Ej~dbp wfaaaoub dfi! jkn wb wfaa coib rk~o dfi! jkn ijlb orp jònb wf~d dfi’ $Modk :>=03&+

‑Jkn ~dfs F xpjv! ~dj~ vorp AOUB IJV J@ORKN VBÎOPB JKN IOPB FK LKOWABNGB JKN FK JAAMRNGIBK^< ^dj~ vb ijv jxxpoub ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpbbtcbaabk~< ~dj~ vb ijv `b sfkcbpb jkn wf~dor~ oeebkcb~faa ~db njv oe Cdpfs~’ $Xdfafxxfjks :=6):8&+

05



‑Eop ^DFS FS ^DB AOUB OE GON! ^DJ^ WB LBBXDFS COIIJKNIBK^S= jkn dfs coiijknibk~s jpbko~ gpfbuors’ $: Modk 2=3&+

‑Jkn wb djub cokefnbkcb fk ~db Aopn ~orcdfkg vor! ~dj~vb ò~d no jkn wfaa no ~db ~dfkgs wdfcd wb coiijknvor+ Jkn ~db Aopn nfpbc~ vorp dbjp~s fk~o ^DB AOUBOE GON! jkn fk~o ~db xj~fbk~ wjf~fkg eop Cdpfs~+ Kowwb coiijkn vor! `pb~dpbk! fk ~db kjib oe orp AopnMbsrs Cdpfs~! ~dj~ vb WF^DNPJW VORPSBAUBS epoibubpv `po~dbp ~dj~ wjalb~d nfsopnbpav! jkn ko~ je~bp ~db~pjnf~fok wdfcd db pbcbfubn oe rs’ $0 ^dbss+ 3=>)5&+

@fàfcja aoub fs o`bnfbkcb ~o Gon jkn Dfs Wopn+ Fk ~db ajs~

xjssjgb cf~bn wb sbb ~dj~ ~db aoub oe Gon fs sjknwfcdbn

`b~wbbk ~wo ubpsbs ~dj~ bixdjsf}b o`bnfbkcb ~o Gon‖s

coiijknibk~s! fkcarnfkg sbxjpj~fok epoi nfso`bnfbk~

`pb~dpbk*

Aoub fs ko~ j ebbafkg+ F~ fs ko~ àfssera poijk~fcfsi+ F~ fs ko~

swbb~)sxfpf~bn ~oabpj~fok oe ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb wpokg+

Aoub fs efps~ oe jaa o`bnfbkcb ~o Gon‖s Wopn+ Eop j woijk

~o aoub dbp drs`jkn ibjks sdb srìf~s ~o jkn sbpubs dfi

jccopnfkg ~o ~db @fàb+ Eop j ijk ~o aoub dfs wfeb ibjks db

~pbj~s dbp fk ~db wjv ~db @fàb coiijkns+ Eop cdfanpbk ~o

aoub ~dbfp xjpbk~s ibjks ~dbv dokop jkn o`bv ~dbi js ~db

@fàb coiijkns+

Cdpfs~fjk aoub! fk f~s bssbkcb! fs ko~ jk bio~fok! ~dorgd

bio~foks cjk `b fkuoaubn+ Bio~foks jpb rks~jàb jkn

rknbxbknjàb+

Aoub fs ko~ `pojnifknbnkbss+ F~ fs ko~ kok)mrngibk~jafsi+

F~ fs ko~ ~oabpjkcb oe ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb wpokg+

@fàfcja aoub fs sxfpf~rjaav cjr~fors+ F~ fs `jsbn ok ~db

lkowabngb oe Gon‖s Wopn jkn fs jssocfj~bn wf~d ~db

07



btbpcfsb oe mrngibk~+ F~ xpoubs jaa ~dfkgs jkn jxxpoubs okav

~dosb ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb ~db wfaa oe Gon+

Wjs ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ rkaoufkg wdbk Db cjaabn Xb~bp jnbufa $Ij~~+ :5=03& op wdbk Db xràfcav coknbikbn ~db

Xdjpfsbbs $Ij~~dbw 03&?

Wjs ~db jxos~ab Xjra rkaoufkg wdbk db pb`rlbn Xb~bp eop

dfs coixpoifsb $Gjaj~fjks :&?

Wjs ~db jxos~ab Xjra rkaoufkg wdbk db kjibn ~db kjib oe ejasb ~bjcdbps jkn coixpoifsbps! srcd js Dvibkjbrs jkn

Jabtjknbp jkn Nbijs! ~bk nfeebpbk~ ~fibs fk ~db Xjs~opja

Bxfs~abs?

Wjs ~db jxos~ab Xjra rkaoufkg wdbk db eop`jnb woibk ~o

xpbjcd op ~o rsrpx jr~dopf~v oubp ibk $: ^fi+ 0=:0& jkn

pbzrfpbn ~dj~ ~dbv lbbx sfabk~ fk ~db cdrpcdbs $: Cop+:>=3>&?

@fàfcja aoub fs ko~ cok~pjpv ~o pbxpoufkg jkn pb`rlfkg sfk

jkn bppop $0 ^fio~dv >=0< ^f~rs 0=:2&+

Mbsrs sjfn ~o ~db cdrpcdbs! ‑Js ijkv js F aoub! F pb`rlb jkn

cdjs~bk= `b }bjaors ~dbpbeopb! jkn pbxbk~’ $Pbubaj~fok3=:6&+

@fàfcja aoub nobs ko~ ibjk ~dj~ F fgkopb ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb

wpokg jkn sxfpf~rjaav jkn iopjaav fkmrpfors+

o aoub j ejasb ~bjcdbp nobs ko~ ibjk ~dj~ F ~rpk j àfkn bvb

~o dfs bppop jkn s~pfub ~o djub rkf~v wf~d dfi pbgjpnabss oe

dfs noc~pfkb+ F~ ibjks ~dj~ F o`bv ~db @fàb jkn ijpl jkn

juofn dfi $Poijks :5=:7&! ~dj~ F btxosb dfs bppop xràfcav

~o xpo~bc~ ~dosb wdo ifgd~ `b abn js~pjv `v dfs ~bjcdfkg+

04



^drs! ‑bcribkfs~s’ jpb cokersbn jòr~ ~db nbefkf~fok oe

aoub+

Bcribkfs~s Jpb Cokersbn jòr~ ~db Nfpbc~fok oe Aoub

‑Bcribkfs~s’ jpb ko~ okav cokersbn jòr~ ~db nbefkf~fok oe

aoub! ~dbv jpb jaso cokersbn jòr~ ~db nfpbc~fok oe aoub+

^db efps~ nfpbc~fok oe aoub irs~ `b ~owjpn Gon+

Bcribkfs~s ~jal ircd jòr~ aoub ~owjpn ijk! `r~ wdj~

jòr~ aoub ~owjpn Gon? Jccopnfkg ~o ~db Aopn Mbsrs

Cdpfs~! wdj~ fs ~db gpbj~bs~ coiijknibk~?

‑^dbk okb oe ~dbi! wdfcd wjs j ajwvbp! jslbn dfi jzrbs~fok! ~bix~fkg dfi! jkn sjvfkg! Ijs~bp! wdfcd fs~db gpbj~ coiijknibk~ fk ~db ajw? Mbsrs sjfn rk~odfi! ^dor sdja~ aoub ~db Aopn ~dv Gon wf~d jaa ~dv dbjp~!jkn wf~d jaa ~dv sora! jkn wf~d jaa ~dv ifkn+ ^dfs fs ~db

efps~ jkn gpbj~ coiijknibk~+ Jkn ~db sbcokn fs aflbrk~o f~ ! ^dor sdja~ aoub ~dv kbfgdòrp js~dvsbae’ $Ij~~dbw 00=32)36&+

^db efps~ jkn gpbj~ coiijknibk~ fs ko~ ~o aoub okb‖s

kbfgdòp+ ^dj~ fs ~db sbcokn coiijknibk~+ ^db efps~ jkn

gpbj~ coiijknibk~ fs ~o aoub ~db Aopn Gon wf~d jaa oe

okb‖s dbjp~! sora! jkn ifkn+

Bcribkfs~s xofk~ ~dbfp efkgbps j~ ~db ‑s~pfc~’ @fàb)`bafbubp

jkn cdjpgb dfi wf~d j ajcl oe aoub ~owjpn ibk `bcjrsb db

btbpcfsbs mrngibk~ jkn nfscfxafkb jkn sbxjpj~fok+

Wdj~! ~dorgd! jòr~ aoub eop Gon? ^db bcribkfs~ ~baas ib

~dj~ F kbbn ~o aoub jaa ~db nbkoifkj~foks+ F pbxav ~dj~ F kbbn

~o aoub Gon jkn Dfs ^pr~d efps~! jkn ~dj~ ibjks ~dj~ F wfaa

o`bv ~db @fàb! jkn ~dj~ ibjks F wfaa ibjsrpb! ijpl! jkn

juofn ~dosb wdo jpb coiif~~bn ~o dbpbsfbs+

06



J gbkrfkb aoub eop Gon pbzrfpbs ~dj~ F cjpb iopb jòr~ Dfs

Wopn jkn Dfs wfaa ~djk jòr~ ibk jkn ~dbfp ebbafkgs jkn

oxfkfoks jkn xpogpjis+

Wb jgpbb wf~d Cdjpabs Djnnok Sxrpgbok wdbk db sjfn=

‑Ok jaa djkns wb dbjp cpfbs eop rkf~v fk ~dfs! jkn rkf~vfk ~dj~< `r~ ~o orp ifkn ~db ijfk kbbn oe ~dfs jgb fs ko~coixpoifsb! `r~ cokscfbk~forskbss+ —Efps~ xrpb! ~dbkxbjcbjàb+‖ F~ fs bjsv ~o cpv —j cokebnbpjcv!‖ `r~ ~dj~rkfok wdfcd fs ko~ `jsbn rxok ~db ~pr~d oe Gon fs

pj~dbp j coksxfpjcv ~djk j coiirkfok+ Cdjpf~v `v jaaibjks< `r~ dokbs~v jaso+ Aoub! oe corpsb! `r~ aoub ~oGon js wbaa js aoub ~o ibk! jkn aoub oe ~pr~d js wbaa jsaoub oe rkfok+ F~ fs btcbbnfkgav nfeefcra~ fk ~dbsb ~fibs ~oxpbsbpub okb‖s efnbaf~v `beopb Gon jkn okb‖s epj~bpkf~vjiokg ibk+ Sdoran ko~ ~db eopibp `b xpbebppbn ~o ~dbaj~~bp fe ò~d cjkko~ `b ijfk~jfkbn? Wb ~dfklso’ $Sxrpgbok! ‑^db Nowk Gpjnb ) Sbcokn Jp~fcab!’^db Swopn jkn ~db powba ! Jxpfa :447! Ko~bs! x+ :5&+

^db nfpbc~fok oe aoub irs~ `b ko~ okav ~owjpn Gon! `r~ f~

irs~ jaso `b ~owjpn ~dosb wdo jpb fk sxfpf~rja njkgbp+

^db bcribkfcja cpown ~baas ib ~dj~ F kbbn ~o aoub ~db

Bibpgbk~ jkn ~db Poijkfs~! b~c+! `r~ ~dbv jpb xpjc~fcjaav

sfabk~ ok ~db sr`mbc~ oe aoub eop ~dosb wdo jpb nbcbfubn `v

~db Bibpgbk~ jkn ~db Poijkfs~+

Wb jpb cdjpgbn wf~d `bfkg rkaoufkg! eop btjixab! wdbk wb

btxosb ~db ejc~ ~dj~ Modk Xjra FF op Io~dbp bpbsj xpbjcdbn

j ejasb sjcpjibk~ja gosxba+ ^db ejc~ fs ~dj~ wb aoub xboxab

bkorgd ~o wjpk oe ejasb gosxbas so ~dbv wfaa ko~ `b abn

js~pjv ~o b~bpkja dbaa+

J sdbxdbpn wdo aoubs woaubs iopb ~djk ~db sdbbx fs j

cokersbn jkn njkgbpors sdbxdbpn+

38



Fk cokcarsfok! wb zro~b epoi ~db wopns oe Mjibs Dbkabv

^dopkwbaa! j s~jrkcd Oan Scdooa Xpbs`v~bpfjk xpbjcdbp

wdo eorgd~ jgjfks~ ~dboaogfcja ionbpkfsi fk ~db :6~d

cbk~rpv+ Db wjs ~db sft~d xpbsfnbk~ oe Sor~d Cjpoafkj

Coaabgb $~onjv ~db Rkfubpsf~v oe Sor~d Cjpoafkj&+ Db wjs

wbjpv wf~d ~db coixpoifsbn bujkgbafcjas oe dfs njv! wdo

sjfn ~dbv aoubn ~db ~pr~d `r~ wbpb soe~ fk ~dbfp s~jkcb jkn

pbersbn ~o wf~ds~jkn dbpbsv òanav+

Ko~b dfs xowbpera wopns jkn dfs coppbc~ rknbps~jknfkg oe

`fàfcja aoub=

‑ô bixaov soe~ wopns jkn dokbvbn xdpjsbs fknfscrssfkg zrbs~foks oe bubpajs~fkg fixop~jkcb< ~o nbjawf~d bppops ~dj~ s~pflb j~ ~db eorknj~foks oe jaa drijkdoxb js fe ~dbv wbpb djpiabss jkn ubkfja ifs~jlbs< ~oàbss wdbpb Gon nfsjxxpoubs! jkn ~o ijlb jxoaogfbswdbpb Db cjaas rs ~o s~jkn rx aflb ibk jkn jssbp~!

~dorgd f~ ijv `b ~db jx~bs~ ib~don oe sbcrpfkgxoxrajp jxxajrsb fk j soxdfs~fcja jgb! fs cprba~v ~o ijkjkn ~pbjcdbpv ~o Dbjubk+ ^dosb wdo ok srcd sr`mbc~sj~~jcd iopb fixop~jkcb ~o ~db prabs oe corp~bsv ~djk~dbv no ~o ~db ibjsrpbs oe ~pr~d no ko~ nbebkn ~dbcf~jnba! `r~ `b~pjv f~ fk~o ~db djkns oe f~s bkbifbs+ Aoubeop Cdpfs~! jkn eop ~db soras eop wdoi Db nfbn! wfaa `b~db btjc~ ibjsrpb oe orp }bja fk btxosfkg ~db njkgbps`v wdfcd ibk‖s soras jpb bkskjpbn’ $zro~bn fk j

sbpiok `v Gbopgb Sjvabs @fsdox! jr~dop oe ^dbNoc~pfkbs oe Gpjcb jkn Lfknpbn ^dbibs&+

3:



Abgjafsi

‑Abgjafsi’ fs j ~bpi epbzrbk~av rsbn ~o nbscpf`b @f`ab)

`bafbufkg Cdpfs~fjks wdo jpb }bjaors eop xrpb noc~pfkb jkn

wdo nbsfpb ~o ijfk~jfk doav s~jknjpns oe afufkg fk ~dfs

wfclbn dorp+ F djub `bbk cjaabn j ‑abgjafs~’ jk jubpjgb oe

j~ abjs~ okcb j njv eop nbcjnbs* Coksfnbp j ebw btjixabs=

‑Vor! sfp! jpb j abgjafs~ ~dj~ ~db Xdjpfsbbs woran djub`bbk ifgd~v xporn oe+’

‑Vor djub j kjppow ifknbn abgjafs~fc ufbw oe Scpfx~rpb+ +++ F wpf~b cok~bixopjpv xpjfsb irsfc! irsfc~dj~ fs rsbn fk cdrpcdbs fk wopsdfx oe Gon+ F~‖s ko~ eop vorp jxxpouja op jkvokb basb ko ij~~bp wdj~nbkoifkj~fok op oee ~db wjaa sbc~ oe j nbkoifkj~fok~dbv jpb+’

‑Vorp wb`sf~b ijlbs ib cpfkgb+ F cjk rknbps~jkn wdv

~dfs wopan dj~bs erknjibk~jafs~ Cdpfs~fjks wdbk vorwpf~b abgjafs~fc jp~fcabs aflb ~dfs+ ^dbpb fs ko drifaf~v fkvorp cpf~fzrbs! okav j xdjpfsjfcja baf~fsi ~dj~ ijlbs ivs~oijcd ~rpk+’

^db ‑af`bp~v’ j~~f~rnb ~dj~ afbs `bdfkn ~db cdjpgb oe

abgjafsi wjs btxpbssbn j~ j ‑Cdpfs~fjk’ pocl cokcbp~ cjaabn

Gpbbk`ba~ —43=

‑Wb nok‖~ `bafbub fk j erknjibk~jafs~ jxxpojcd+ Wbnok‖~ sb~ gporkn prabs+ Orp ~bjcdfkg fs kok)nfpbc~fub+Wb wjk~ ~o bkcorpjgb xboxab ~o ijlb ~dbfp owkcdofcbs+’

F~ fs fks~prc~fub ~o o`sbpub ~dj~ ~dfs fs btjc~av ~db j~~f~rnb

jkn xdfaosoxdv ~dj~ djs `bbk xpbjcdbn `v pocl % poaa sfkcb

~db :628s jkn ~dj~ f~ fs j xbpebc~ pbeabc~fok oe ~db j~~f~rnb~dj~ noifkj~bs sbcrajp socfb~v ~onjv+ ^db wopan nfn ko~

abjpk ~dfs epoi Cdpfs~fjk poclbps< Cdpfs~fjk poclbps abjpkbn

f~ epoi ~db wopan+

30



^dosb wdo djub ~dfs ifknsb~ aj`ba ~db ‑oan)ejsdfokbn’

@f`ab Cdpfs~fjk j ‑abgjafs~!’ `r~ f~ fs j sajknbpors jkn

wpokgdbjnbn jccrsj~fok+

Wdj~ Abgjafsi Fs

^prb abgjafsi djs j ~wo)eoan nbefkf~fok fk ~db Wopn oe Gon+

Efps~! abgjafsi fs ~o ift wopls wf~d gpjcb eop sjauj~fok+

Fe soibokb xpbjcdbs j gosxba ~dj~ fs ko~ gpjcb jaokb! fe f~ fs

fk~bpifkgabn wf~d wopls op sjcpjibk~s oe jkv sop~! f~ fs

fixrpb jkn fs j ejasb! abgjafs~fc gosxba+

‑Jkn fe `v gpjcb! ~dbk fs f~ ko iopb oe wopls= o~dbpwfsb

gpjcb fs ko iopb gpjcb+ @r~ fe f~ `b oe wopls! ~dbk fs f~ ko

iopb gpjcb= o~dbpwfsb wopl fs ko iopb wopl’ $Poijks

::=5&+

^db wjpkfkg oe j abgjafs~fc gosxba fs ~db ~dbib oe ~db

bxfs~ab oe Gjaj~fjks+ Xjra wjpks ~db cdrpcdbs jgjfks~

xbpubp~fkg ~db gosxba `v ~rpkfkg epoi ~db gpjcb oe Cdpfs~

$Gja+ :=5)7& jkn bixdjsf}bs ~dj~ sjauj~fok fs ko~ `v wopls

op ajw)lbbxfkg `r~ `v ~db gpjcb oe Cdpfs~ jaokb+

‑Lkowfkg ~dj~ j ijk fs ko~ mrs~fefbn `v ~db wopls oe ~dbajw! `r~ `v ~db ejf~d oe Mbsrs Cdpfs~! bubk wb djub`bafbubn fk Mbsrs Cdpfs~! ~dj~ wb ifgd~ `b mrs~fefbn `v~db ejf~d oe Cdpfs~! jkn ko~ `v ~db wopls oe ~db ajw= eop `v ~db wopls oe ~db ajw sdjaa ko eabsd `b mrs~fefbn’ $Gja+0=:5&+

‑Eop js ijkv js jpb oe ~db wopls oe ~db ajw jpb rknbp ~db crpsb= eop f~ fs wpf~~bk! Crpsbn fs bubpv okb ~dj~cok~fkrb~d ko~ fk jaa ~dfkgs wdfcd jpb wpf~~bk fk ~db`ool oe ~db ajw ~o no ~dbi+ @r~ ~dj~ ko ijk fs mrs~fefbn`v ~db ajw fk ~db sfgd~ oe Gon! f~ fs bufnbk~= eop! ^db mrs~sdjaa afub `v ejf~d’ $Gja+ 3=:8)::&+

33



‑Wdbpbeopb ~db ajw wjs orp scdooaijs~bp ~o `pfkg rsrk~o Cdpfs~! ~dj~ wb ifgd~ `b mrs~fefbn `v ejf~d+ @r~ je~bp ~dj~ ejf~d fs coib! wb jpb ko aokgbp rknbp jscdooaijs~bp’ $Gja+ 3=0>)02&+

Jccopnfkg ~o ~dfs nbefkf~fok! abgjafs~s ~onjv jpb ~dosb wdo

jnn wopls ~o ~db gpjcb oe Cdpfs~ eop sjauj~fok+ ^db Poijk

Cj~doafc Cdrpcd nobs ~dfs+ So nobs ~db Cdrpcd oe Cdpfs~

jkn ~db Wopanwfnb Cdrpcd oe Gon jkn Mbdoujd‖s Wf~kbssbs

jkn Sbubk~d)njv Jnubk~fs~s jkn ijkv o~dbps+ Oe~bk~fibs

~dbv cajfi ~o ~bjcd sjauj~fok `v ‑gpjcb jaokb!’ `r~ ~dbv

pbnbefkb gpjcb ~o fkcarnb wopls+

Sbcokn! abgjafsi fs ~o jnn drijk ~pjnf~fok ~o ~db Wopn

oe Gon+

‑Vb dvxocpf~bs! wbaa nfn Bsjfjs xpoxdbsv oe vor!sjvfkg! ^dfs xboxab npjwb~d kfgd rk~o ib wf~d ~dbfp ior~d! jkn dokorpb~d ib wf~d ~dbfp afxs< `r~ ~dbfp dbjp~fs ejp epoi ib+ @r~ fk ujfk ~dbv no wopsdfx ib!~bjcdfkg eop noc~ pfkbs ~db coiijknibk~s oe ibk’ $Ij~~+ :2=7)6&+

Wb irs~ `b cjpbera kbubp ~o btja~ orp owk ~pjnf~fok jkn

~dfklfkg ~o ~db sjib abuba oe jr~dopf~v wf~d ~db Wopn oe

Gon+ ^dbpb fs okb jr~dopf~v eop ejf~d jkn xpjc~fcb! jkn ~dj~

fs ~db @fàb+ Jkv~dfkg ~dj~ fs btja~bn ~o j xajcb oe jr~dopf~vbzrja ~o ~db @fàb fs coknbikbn `v Gon+

^db Xdjpfsbbs oe oan! fk coiif~~fkg ò~d oe ~dbsb bppops!

wbpb ~prb abgjafs~s+ ^dbv pbmbc~bn ~db gpjcb oe Mbsrs Cdpfs~

jkn ~jrgd~ ~dj~ ~db wjv oe sjauj~fok wjs `v ~db lbbxfkg oe

~db ajw jkn ~dbv ijnb ~dbfp owk ~pjnf~fok jr~dopf~j~fub

oubp xboxab‖s afubs wf~dor~ j `fàfcja `jsfs+

^db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd jaso coiif~s ò~d oe ~dbsb

bppops+

3>



Ijkv o~dbps jnn ~dfkgs ~o ~db Wopn oe Gon ~onjv+

Cdpfs~fjk Scfbkcb jnns Ijpv @jlbp Bnnv‖s wpf~fkgs+

Sbubk~d)njv Jnubk~fsi jnns Baabk G+ Wdf~b‖s wpf~fkgs+

Ijkv Xbk~bcos~jas jkn Cdjpfsij~fcs jnn $j~ abjs~ fk

xpjc~fcb& xbpsokja pbubaj~foks jkn btxbpfbkcb+ Soib oan)

~fib Xbk~bcos~jas ijnb xpodf`f~foks jgjfks~ npfklfkg Cocj)

Coaj jkn wbjpfkg kbclajcbs jkn btja~bn ~dbsb prabs ~o ~db

abuba oe Scpfx~rpb+

Wb irs~ `b cjpbera wdbk wb sbbl ~o jxxav ~db xpfkcfxabs oe

Scpfx~rpb ~o Cdpfs~fjk afufkg ~dj~ wb no ko~ ejaa fk~o ~dfs

~pjx ~onjv+

ô sb~ sxbcfefc s~jknjpns oe ionbs~v eop ebijab cdrpcd

woplbps ~dj~ jpb srxxop~bn `v cabjp Scpfx~rpja xpfkcfxabs!

srcd js pbzrfpfkg j cbp~jfk npbss abkg~d jkn eop`fnnfkg

sdop~s! fs ko~ abgjafsi! `bcjrsb ~db @fàb pbzrfpbs ionbs~vjkn eop`fns kjlbnkbss! bubk nbefkfkg f~ js sdowfkg ~db abg

jkn ~dfgd jkn srcd $Fsj+ >7=0)3&! jkn wjpks jòr~ ~db beebc~

oe ebijab npbss ok ~db ijab `bcjrsb oe ~db ubpv ufsrja

kj~rpb oe dfs sbtrjaf~v $Xpou+ 7=:8< Ij~+ 2=04&+

@r~ sb~~fkg s~jknjpns cjk `bcoib abgjafsi fe ~db

pbzrfpbibk~s go `bvokn Scpfx~rpb+ Wb irs~ `b ubpv cjpberafk npjwfkg afkbs! ~dj~ orp afkbs jpb Gon‖s jkn ko~ orp owk+

F djub dbjpn oe cdrpcdbs ~dj~ djub eop`fnnbk ibk ~o wbjp

xfkl sdfp~s! `bcjrsb f~ fs jaabgbnav ‑ebifkfkb!’ `r~ ~dfs fs

gofkg ejp or~ ok j afi`+ ^db coaop xfkl! wdfab ujgrbav

jssocfj~bn wf~d ebifkfkf~v fk soib xajcbs! fs ko~ so

fk~pfcj~bav jssocfj~bn wf~d f~ ~dj~ wb cjk ijlb j ajw jòr~f~+

O~dbp cdrpcdbs djub eop`fnnbk `bjpns jkn ejcfja djfp+ Okb

ifssfok opgjkf}j~fok ~dj~ srxxop~s Cbk~pja Jibpfcjk

32



kj~fokja xjs~ops djs ~dfs prab! `r~ f~ fs iopb ~djk pfnfcraors<

f~ fs abgjafs~fc! `bcjrsb ko~ okav nobs ~db @fàb ko~ eop`fn

ejcfja djfp ok ibk! f~ bkcorpjgbs f~ `v ~db btjixab oe Oan

^bs~jibk~ xpoxdb~s $B}p+ 6=3& jkn bubk Mbsrs Cdpfs~

Dfisbae $Fsj+ 28=5&+ @bjpns jpb ibk~fokbn :2 ~fibs fk ~db

@fàb jkn kbubp fk j kbgj~fub cok~bt~+ ^dfs fs ~prb

abgjafsi+

Jko~dbp ifssfok òjpn pbzrfpbn ~dj~ ifssfokjpfbs cjkko~ `b

fk~bppjcfjaav ijppfbn jkn eop`jnb ~db ifssfokjpv corxabs

bubk ~o jnox~ cdfanpbk oe jko~dbp pjcb! `r~ wdfab ~dbpb jpb

xpjc~fcja fssrbs ~dj~ sdoran `b coksfnbpbn xbp~jfkfkg ~o

fk~bppjcfja ijppfjgbs jkn jnox~foks! ~db @fàb kowdbpb

s~pfc~av eop`fns ~dfs+ ^drs! ~o ijlb ajws jòr~ srcd ~dfkgs

fs j abgjafs~fc jxxpojcd+

Wb pbxbj~! wb irs~ `b ubpv cjpbera fk npjwfkg afkbs! ~dj~orp afkbs jpb Gon‖s jkn ko~ orp owk+

Wdj~ Abgjafsi Fs Ko~

Djufkg sbbk wdj~ abgjafsi fs! ab~ rs kow coksfnbp wdj~ f~ fs

ko~+

Fk j kr~sdbaa! eop j @fàb xpbjcdbp ~o btdop~ Gon‖s sjubn) `v)gpjcb! àoon)wjsdbn xboxab ~o o`bv ~db nb~jfas oe Gon‖s

Wopn `v ~db xowbp oe ~db fknwbaafkg Cdpfs~ fs ko~ abgjafsi!

`bcjrsb ~dfs fs xpbcfsbav wdj~ Gon pbzrfpbs+

Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg Scpfx~rpbs ubpv cjpberaav+

‑Eop `v gpjcb jpb vb sjubn ~dporgd ejf~d< jkn ~dj~ ko~oe vorpsbaubs= f~ fs ~db gfe~ oe Gon= Ko~ oe wopls! abs~jkv ijk sdoran òjs~+ Eop wb jpb dfs woplijksdfx!cpbj~bn fk Cdpfs~ Mbsrs RKÔ GOON WOPLS! wdfcdGon dj~d `beopb opnjfkbn ~dj~ wb sdoran wjal fk~dbi’ $Bxd+ 0=4):8&+

35



Dbpb wb sbb ~dj~ wdfab ~db àoon)wjsdbn sjfk~ fs sjubn `v

gpjcb wf~dor~ wopls! db fs sjubn rk~o goon wopls+ ^db

`bafbubp o`bvs Gon‖s Wopn! ko~ fk opnbp ~o `b sjubn `r~

`bcjrsb db djs `bbk sjubn+ F~ ~dbpbeopb cjkko~ `b abgjafsi

eop j xpbjcdbp ~o rpgb Gon‖s xboxab ~o lbbx ~db wopls oe

Gon eorkn fk ~db Kbw bs~jibk~ ejf~d+

F djub cork~bn 44 sxbcfefc coiijknibk~s fk ~db bxfs~ab oe

Bxdbsfjks jaokb+ Coksfnbp ~dfs okb= ‑ Jkn djub ko

ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss! `r~ pj~dbp

pbxpoub ~dbi’ $Bxd+ 2=::&+ ^dfs fs j ejp)pbjcdfkg

coiijknibk~+ ^db `bafbubp irs~ grjpn bubpv jpbj oe dfs

afeb! bubpv jc~fuf~v! ~o ijlb srpb ~dj~ db fs ko~ djufkg

ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db wopls oe njplkbss+ Ko~ okav so! `r~ db

fs ~o pbxpoub ~db wopls oe njplkbss+ ^dfs fs okb oe ~db

ubpsbs ~dj~ sxolb ~o iv dbjp~ kbjpav >8 vbjps jgo jkn

cokufkcbn ib ~dj~ F djn ~o xr~ pocl % poaa irsfc or~ oe ivCdpfs~fjk afeb+ F~ fs cbp~jfkav jk rkeprf~era wopl oe njplkbss!

`r~ ~db pbzrfpbibk~ nobs ko~ s~ox wf~d irsfc+ F~ fkuoaubs

bubpv xjp~ oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb= npbss! coixjkfoksdfx!

irsfc! bk~bp~jfkibk~! af~bpj~rpb! pbaj~foksdfxs wf~d cdrpcdbs

jkn xpoebssfkg `bafbubps! b~c+

ô ~jlb srcd coiijknibk~s oe ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~dsbpforsav jkn ~o jxxav ~dbi pfgoporsav cjkko~! ~dbpbeopb! b

‑abgjafsi+’

Coksfnbp jko~dbp lbv xjssjgb=

‑Eop ~db gpjcb oe Gon ~dj~ `pfkgb~d sjauj~fok dj~djxxbjpbn ~o jaa ibk! ~bjcdfkg rs ~dj~! nbkvfkg

rkgonafkbss jkn wopanav ars~s! wb sdoran afub so`bpav!pfgd~borsav! jkn gonav! fk ~dfs xpbsbk~ wopan< aoolfkg eop ~dj~ àbssbn doxb! jkn ~db gaopfors jxxbjpfkg oe ~dbgpbj~ Gon jkn orp Sjuforp Mbsrs Cdpfs~< Wdo gjubdfisbae eop rs! ~dj~ db ifgd~ pbnbbi rs epoi jaa fkfzrf~v!jkn xrpfev rk~o dfisbae j xbcrafjp xboxab! ]BJAORS

37



OE GOON WOPLS+ ^dbsb ~dfkgs sxbjl! jkn btdop~!jkn pb`rlb wf~d jaa jr~dopf~v+ Ab~ ko ijk nbsxfsb~dbb’ $^f~rs 0=::):2&+

Dbpb! jgjfk! wb sbb ~dj~ ~db gpjcb oe Cdpfs~ nobs ko~ ~bjcd

Cdpfs~fjks ~o afub cjpbabssav op ~o ~oabpj~b sfk jkn bppop+ F~

nobs ko~ bkcorpjgb ~dbi ~o afub js caosb ~o ~db wopan js

xossfàb! `r~ ~o afub fk j s~pfc~ ijkkbp cokcbpkfkg doafkbss+

^db gpjcb oe Gon ~bjcdbs rs ~o nbkv rkgonafkbss jkn

wopanav ars~s! wdfcd fs j ejp)pbjcdfkg oàfgj~fok+ F~ ibjks

~dj~ wb jpb ~o btjifkb bubpv jpbj oe orp afubs jkn cdrpcdbs

fk opnbp ~o poo~ or~ rkgonafkbss+ Jgjfk! ~dfs fkuoaubs bubpv

jsxbc~ oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb= npbss! coixjkfoksdfx! irsfc!

bk~bp~jfkibk~! af~bpj~rpb! vor kjib f~+

Ko~fcb fk ^f~rs 0=:2 ~dj~ ~db Sxfpf~ oe Gon cokcarnbs ~dfs

xjssjgb jòr~ juofnfkg rkgonafkbss wf~d ~db eoaaowfkg

btdop~j~fok ~o xpbjcdbps= ‑^dbsb ~dfkgs sxbjl! jkn btdop~!

jkn pb`rlb wf~d jaa jr~dopf~v+ Ab~ ko ijk nbsxfsb ~dbb+’

^db xpbjcdbp djs j soabik oàfgj~fok `beopb Gon ~o sxbjl!

btdop~! jkn pb`rlb ok ~db `jsfs oe ~dbsb xjssjgbs+ F~ cjkko~!

~dbpbeopb! `b jkv sop~ oe ‑abgjafsi’ fe j xpbjcdbp ~jlbs ~dfs

oàfgj~fok sbpforsav jkn jxxafbs ~dfs ~bjcdfkg ~o bubpv jpbjoe afeb! sxbjlfkg! btdop~fkg! jkn pb`rlfkg jòr~

rkgonafkbss jkn wopanav ars~s fk ~db pbjai oe irsfc jkn

npbss! coixjkfoksdfx! bk~bp~jfkibk~! b~c+

Coksfnbp jko~dbp xjssjgb=

‑F cdjpgb ~dbb ~dbpbeopb `beopb Gon! jkn ~db Aopn

Mbsrs Cdpfs~! wdo sdjaa mrngb ~db zrfcl jkn ~db nbjnj~ dfs jxxbjpfkg jkn dfs lfkgnoi< xpbjcd ~db wopn< `bfks~jk~ fk sbjsok! or~ oe sbjsok< pbxpoub! pb`rlb!btdop~ wf~d jaa aokgsreebpfkg jkn noc~pfkb’ $0 ^fi+>=:)0&+

34



Dbpb! jgjfk! wb sbb ~dj~ j xpbjcdbp djs j soabik

pbsxoksf`faf~v `beopb Gon eop dfs xpbjcdfkg jkn db wfaa gfub

jk jccork~ ~o Mbsrs Cdpfs~+ Db fs ~o xpbjcd ~db Wopn+ Wdj~

xjp~ oe f~? Jaa oe f~* Db fs ko~ okav ~o pbjn ~db Wopn

ubp`j~fi< db fs ~o xpbjcd f~ jkn ~o jxxav f~ ~o ~db xboxab‖s

bubpvnjv afubs+ Db fs ~o pbxpoub! pb`rlb! jkn btdop~+ Db fs

~o ijlb srpb ~dj~ ~db Wopn oe Gon gb~s nowk ~o wdbpb ~db

xboxab afub+ Db fs ~o jxxav f~ ~o bubpv jsxbc~ oe ~dbfp

fknfufnrja afubs! ~dbfp doibs! ~dbfp bixaovibk~! ~dbfp

sbpufcb eop Cdpfs~! ~dbfp coixjkfoksdfxs! ~dbfp bk~bp~jfkibk~! ~dbfp npbss! ~dbfp irsfc! vor kjib f~+ ^db

Wopn oe Gon sxbjls ~o bubpv jpbj oe afeb! jkn ~db xpbjcdbp

fs oàfgj~bn ~o eoaaow f~ wdbpbubp f~ abjns+ ^dfs fs nbefkf~bav

ko~ ‑abgjafsi+’

Coksfnbp jko~dbp xjssjgb=

‑ bjcdfkg ~dbi ~o o`sbpub jaa ~dfkgs wdj~sobubp F djubcoiijknbn vor= jkn! ao! F ji wf~d vor jawjv! bubkrk~o ~db bkn oe ~db wopan+ Jibk’ $Ij~+ 04=08&+

^dfs fs xjp~ oe ~db oàfgj~fok oe Cdpfs~‖s Gpbj~ Coiifssfok+

^dosb wdo `bafbub ~db gosxba jkn jpb `jx~f}bn jpb ~o `b

~jrgd~ ~o lbbx JAA ~dfkgs ~dj~ Cdpfs~ djs coiijknbn+ dfs

fs jko~dbp ejp)pbjcdfkg pbzrfpbibk~+ F~ ibjks ~dj~ ~dbcdrpcdbs jpb ~o `b cokcbpkbn jòr~ ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~

ejf~d fk f~s bk~fpb~v jkn ko~ mrs~ soib xjp~ oe f~ ~dj~ djxxbks

~o `b jccbx~jàb j~ ~db ioibk~ op soib xjp~ ~dj~ fs ufbwbn

js ‑bssbk~fja+’ Cdrpcd abjnbps jpb ~o ~pjfk ~dbfp xboxab ~o

lbbx bubpv~dfkg Cdpfs~ djs coiijknbn `v Dfs Sxfpf~ fk ~db

cjkok oe Scpfx~rpb+ ^db cdrpcdbs jpb oàfgj~bn! ~dbpbeopb!

~o ~bjcd sbxjpj~fok epoi ~db wopan! sbxjpj~fok epoi ejasb

~bjcdfkg! pbmbc~fok oe dbpb~fcs! cdrpcd nfscfxafkb! ~db pbjaf~v

oe b~bpkja dbaa! pbxbk~jkcb! nbkfja oe sbae! bubpv~dfkg< ~dbv

irs~ ~bjcd ~db xoxrajp ~dfkgs jkn ~db rkxoxrajp+ ô ~jlb

36



Cdpfs~‖s coiijknibk~ sbpforsav jkn ~o sbbl ~o `b ejf~dera

~o ~db wdoab Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d cjkko~! ~dbpbeopb! `b

‑abgjafsi+’

S~pfc~ o`bnfbkcb ~o Gon‖s Wopn `v Cdpfs~‖s gpjcb fs ~db wjv

oe af`bp~v! ko~ `oknjgb+

Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg ~wo s~j~bibk~s `v ~db Aopn ~dj~

djub nfpbc~ `bjpfkg ok orp sr`mbc~=

‑^dbk sjfn Mbsrs ~o ~dosb Mbws wdfcd `bafbubn ok dfi!Fe vb cok~fkrb fk iv wopn! ~dbk jpb vb iv nfscfxabsfknbbn< jkn vb sdjaa lkow ~db ~pr~d! jkn ~db ~pr~d sdjaaijlb vor epbb’ $Modk 4=3:)30&+

‑Eop ~dfs fs ~db aoub oe Gon! ~dj~ wb lbbx dfscoiijknibk~s= jkn dfs coiijknibk~s jpb ko~gpfbuors’ $: Modk 2=3&+

Sfkcb cok~fkrfkg fk Cdpfs~‖s Wopn fs ~db wjv ~onbioks~pj~b ~prb nfscfxabsdfx jkn sfkcb ~db aoub oe Gon fs

~o o`bv Dfs coiijknibk~s! f~ fs o`ufors ~dj~ s~pfc~

o`bnfbkcb oe ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d fs ko~ jkv sop~ oe

abgjafsi+

^db `bafbubp nobs ko~ lbbx ~db Wopn oe Gon fk dfs owk

s~pbkg~d op ~o dfs owk gaopv+ Db lbbxs f~ `v ~db xowbp oe ~db fknwbaafkg Cdpfs~ jkn ~o Dfs gaopv+ Js Xjra sjfn! ‑ F ji

cprcfefbn wf~d Cdpfs~= kbubp~dbabss F afub< vb~ ko~ F! `r~

Cdpfs~ afub~d fk ib= jkn ~db afeb wdfcd F kow afub fk ~db

eabsd F afub `v ~db ejf~d oe ~db Sok oe Gon! wdo aoubn ib!

jkn gjub dfisbae eop ib’ $Gja+ 0=08&+

Kbubp~dbabss! lbbxfkg jaa oe ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d fs ~dbpbsxoksf`faf~v oe bubpv `bafbubp jkn xpocajfifkg jaa oe f~ fs

~db pbsxoksf`faf~v oe bubpv xpbjcdbp! jkn ~dfs fs ko~

abgjafsi+

>8



Wdj~ jòr~ 0 Copfk~dfjks 3=5?

‑Wdo jaso dj~d ijnb rs jàb ifkfs~bps oe ~db kbw

~bs~jibk~< ko~ oe ~db ab~~bp! `r~ oe ~db sxfpf~= eop ~dbab~~bp lfaab~d! `r~ ~db sxfpf~ gfub~d afeb’ $0 Copfk~dfjks3=5&+

^dfs ubpsb djs `bbk rsbn ~o mrs~fev ~db xdfaosoxdv ~dj~ ~db

Kbw bs~jibk~ Cdpfs~fjk fs ko~ oàfgj~bn ~o `b ‑s~pfc~’ fk

pbgjpn ~o ~db coiijknibk~s oe Gon+ Wb jpb ~o lbbx ~db

‑sxfpf~ oe ~db ajw’ pj~dbp ~djk ~db ab~~bp oe f~+

@r~ ~dfs fs jk j`rsb oe ~db ubpsb+

Coksfnbp ~db cok~bt~! wdfcd fs ~db ios~ erknjibk~ja

xpfkcfxab oe @fàb fk~bpxpb~j~fok+ Fk 0 Copfk~dfjks 3! Xjra fs

cok~pjs~fkg ~db ajw oe Iosbs wf~d ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d

jkn fs sjvfkg ~dj~ wb jpb ko~ ifkfs~bps oe ~db oan ajw `r~ oe

~db kbw< wb jpb ko~ xpbjcdfkg ~db ajw oe Iosbs `r~ ~dbgosxba oe Cdpfs~< wb jpb ko~ eoaaowfkg ~db ajw oe Iosbs `r~

wb jpb eoaaowfkg ~db kbw ajw oe ~db Sxfpf~+

Wdbk Xjra sjvs ~db ‑ab~~bp lfaab~d’ db fs pbebppfkg ~o ~db ajw

oe Iosbs+ ^db pbjsok ~db ajw oe Iosbs lfaas fs `bcjrsb f~s

xrpxosb fs ~o pbubja ijk‖s sfk jkn grfa~ jkn j sfkkbp cjkko~

afub rx ~o f~s nbijkns jkn ~dbpbeopb fs rknbp f~s crpsb$Poi+ 3=:6)08&+

Fk xjp~fcrajp! Xjra wjs wjpkfkg jgjfks~ ~db Mrnjf}bps wdo

~pfbn ~o ifkgab ~db gpjcb oe Cdpfs~ wf~d ~db ajw oe Iosbs+

Sbb Jc~s :2 jkn Gjaj~fjks :=5)6< 0=:5)0:< 3=:)3! :6)05+

Wdbk wb coixjpb Scpfx~rpb wf~d Scpfx~rpb! wdfcd fsjko~dbp erknjibk~ja xpfkcfxab oe @fàb fk~bpxpb~j~fok! wb

sbb ~dj~ ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ jxos~abs jkn xpoxdb~s ~jrgd~

basbwdbpb ~dj~ wb sdoran `b ubpv s~pfc~ fk orp jxxpojcd ~o

>:



noc~pfkb jkn Cdpfs~fjk afufkg< wb sdoran o`bv bubpv~dfkg fk

~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d+ Sbb eop btjixab : ^dbssjaokfjks

2=00< : ^fio~dv :=3< 5=:3):>< ^f~rs 0=::):2+

>0



Xdjpfsbbfsi

Cdpfs~fjks wdo djub rk`bknfkg `fàfcja cokufc~foks jkn jpb

‑s~pfc~’ fk ~dbfp jxxpojcd ~o Cdpfs~fjk afufkg jkn sbxjpj~fok

epoi sfk jkn bppop jpb oe~bk aj`babn ‑Xdjpfsbbs+’

Ijkv oe ~db Xpoifsb Lbbxbps srxxop~bps wdo wpo~b fk ~db

:668s ~o pb`rlb ib eop pbxpoufkg ~dbfp ioubibk~! cjaabn

ib j Xdjpfsbb+

Coksfnbp j corxab oe btjixabs=

‑F woknbp wdj~ ijlbs Ip+ Caorn so srpb db‖s pfgd~ jknbubpvònv basb fs wpokg? Aool j~ ~db Xdjpfsbbs! Ip+Caorn! jkn ~dbk aool fk ~db ifppop*’

‑Vor‖pb ~db `bs~ btjixab F ~dfkl F‖ub bubp sbbk oe ~dbXdjpfsbb wdo sf~s j~ ~db epok~ oe ~db svkjgogrb gfufkg~djkls eop ko~ `bfkg j sfkkbp aflb bubpvokb basb+’

ô aj`ba j @fàb)`bafbufkg Cdpfs~fjk wdo fs xjssfokj~b ~o

dokop Cdpfs~ jkn ~o o`bv Gon‖s Wopn j Xdjpfsbb fs j

sajknbp! `bcjrsb ~db bppop oe Xdjpfsbbfsi wjs ko~ ~dbfp }bja

~o o`bv ~db Scpfx~rpb+ ^dbv djn ko srcd }bja+ ^dbv wbpb

}bjaors! pj~dbp! ~o cpbj~b ~dbfp owk pbafgfors svs~bi jkn ~o

btja~ ~dbfp owk sbae)pfgd~borskbss+

^dorgd ~db ~bpi ‑Xdjpfsbb’ fs ~dpowk jporkn j ao~ ~onjv!

xjp~fcrajpav `v ~db cok~bixopjpv cpown! f~ irs~ `b nbefkbn

`fàfcjaav+

$:& Xdjpfsbbfsi fs srxxajk~fkg ~db Wopn oe Gon wf~d ijk)

ijnb ~pjnf~fok jkn ~dbpb`v ijlfkg ~db Wopn oe Gon oe

kokb beebc~+ ‑Vb dvxocpf~bs! wbaa nfn Bsjfjs xpoxdbsv oe

vor! sjvfkg! ^dfs xboxab npjwb~d kfgd rk~o ib wf~d ~dbfp

ior~d! jkn dokorpb~d ib wf~d ~dbfp afxs< `r~ ~dbfp dbjp~ fs

>3



ejp epoi ib+ @r~ fk ujfk ~dbv no wopsdfx ib! ~bjcdfkg eop

noc~pfkbs ~db coiijknibk~s oe ibk’ $Ij~+ :2=7)6&+

$0& Xdjpfsbbfsi fs pbmbc~fkg Mbsrs Cdpfs~+ ‑^dbk wjs`porgd~ rk~o dfi okb xossbssbn wf~d j nbufa! àfkn! jkn

nri`= jkn db dbjabn dfi! fksoircd ~dj~ ~db àfkn jkn

nri` ò~d sxjlb jkn sjw+ Jkn jaa ~db xboxab wbpb jij}bn!

jkn sjfn! Fs ko~ ~dfs ~db sok oe Njufn? @r~ wdbk ~db

Xdjpfsbbs dbjpn f~! ~dbv sjfn! ^dfs ebaaow no~d ko~ cjs~ or~

nbufas! `r~ `v @bba}b`r` ~db xpfkcb oe ~db nbufas’ $Ij~+

:0=00)0>&+

$3& Xdjpfsbbfsi fs xbpubp~fkg ~db Gosxba oe ~db epbb gpjcb oe

Cdpfs~ fk~o j wopl‖s sjauj~fok+ ‑Wob rk~o vor! scpf`bs jkn

Xdjpfsbbs! dvxocpf~bs* eop vb coixjss sbj jkn ajkn ~o ijlb

okb xposbav~b! jkn wdbk db fs ijnb! vb ijlb dfi ~woeoan

iopb ~db cdfan oe dbaa ~djk vorpsbaubs’ $Ij~+ 03=:2&+

$>& Xdjpfsbbfsi fs sbae)pfgd~borskbss+ ‑ Jkn db sxjlb ~dfs

xjpjàb rk~o cbp~jfk wdfcd ~prs~bn fk ~dbisbaubs ~dj~ ~dbv

wbpb pfgd~bors! jkn nbsxfsbn o~dbps= ^wo ibk wbk~ rx fk~o

~db ~bixab ~o xpjv< ~db okb j Xdjpfsbb! jkn ~db o~dbp j

xràfcjk+ ^db Xdjpfsbb s~oon jkn xpjvbn ~drs wf~d dfisbae!

Gon! F ~djkl ~dbb! ~dj~ F ji ko~ js o~dbp ibk jpb!bt~op~fokbps! rkmrs~! jnra~bpbps! op bubk js ~dfs xràfcjk+ F

ejs~ ~wfcb fk ~db wbbl! F gfub ~f~dbs oe jaa ~dj~ F

xossbss’ $Al+ :4=6):0&+

$2& Xdjpfsbbfsi fs ~db xpjc~fcb oe pbafgfors dvxocpfsv+ ‑Fk

~db ibjk ~fib! wdbk ~dbpb wbpb gj~dbpbn ~ogb~dbp jk

fkkribpjàb ira~f~rnb oe xboxab! fksoircd ~dj~ ~dbv ~ponbokb rxok jko~dbp! db `bgjk ~o sjv rk~o dfs nfscfxabs efps~ oe

jaa! @bwjpb vb oe ~db abjubk oe ~db Xdjpfsbbs! wdfcd fs

dvxocpfsv’ $Al+ :0=:&+

>>



^db Xdjpfsbbs wbpb j~ ~db eopbepok~ oe ~db cprcfeftfok oe

Mbsrs Cdpfs~ jkn oe ~db xbpsbcr~fok oe ~db bjpav Cdpfs~fjks+

F~ fs j gpbj~ bppop ~o aj`ba j Cdpfs~)aoufkg! @f`ab)dokopfkg!gpjcb)gosxba)xpbjcdfkg! sbae)nb`jsfkg! xbjcb)aoufkg

Cdpfs~fjk j Xdjpfsbb+

Mbsrs‖ jkgbp j~ ~db Xdjpfsbbs wjs ko~ `bcjrsb ~dbv aoubn

Gon‖s Wopn jkn ~ool f~ ~oo sbpforsav* F~ wjs ko~ `bcjrsb

~dbv wbpb cjpbera ~o dokop ~db nb~jfas oe Gon‖s Wopn+ Kbubp

nfn Mbsrs pbxpoub ~dbi eop srcd j ~dfkg+

]bja eop Gon‖s Wopn fs pfgd~+ ^db eoaaowfkg ~bs~fiokv

btxpbssbs ~db ubpv bssbkcb oe ~prb sxfpf~rjaf~v jkn

gonafkbss=

‑^dbpbeopb F bs~bbi jaa ~dv xpbcbx~s cokcbpkfkg jaa~dfkgs ~o `b pfgd~< jkn F dj~b bubpv ejasb wjv’ $Xsjais::6=:04&+

Wjs ~db Xsjaifs~ sxbjlfkg dbpb js j Xdjpfsbb? Oe corpsb

ko~+ F~ fs sxfpf~rja ~o bs~bbi jaa oe Gon‖s xpbcbx~s

cokcbpkfkg jaa ~dfkgs ~o `b pfgd~ jkn ~o dj~b bubpv~dfkg ~dj~

fs cok~pjpv ~o Gon‖s xpbcbx~s+ Ko~b ~db bixdjsfs ok JAA

xpbcbx~s jkn JAA ~dfkgs jkn BUBPV ejasb wjv+ ^dfs fs ~db

ubpv s~pfc~bs~ sop~ oe @f`afcfs~ ifknsb~! jkn f~ fs dban eop~d fk

~db xjgbs oe Gon‖s Wopn js ~db coppbc~ ifknsb~ jkn j~~f~rnb

oe ~db ijk wdo aoubs Gon xjssfokj~bav+

Mbsrs pbxpoubn ~db Xdjpfsbbs eop ~rpkfkg ~db ajw oe Iosbs

fk~o j wjv oe sjauj~fok! wdfcd f~ wjs kbubp fk~bknbn ~o `b!

jkn eop ~dbfp dvxocpfsv jkn eop ~dbfp ajcl oe aoub jkn gpjcb

jkn coixjssfok+ Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg pbxpooe=

‑Wob rk~o vor! scpf`bs jkn Xdjpfsbbs! dvxocpf~bs* eop vb xjv ~f~db oe ifk~ jkn jkfsb jkn criifk! jkn djuboif~~bn ~db wbfgd~fbp ij~~bps oe ~db ajw! mrngibk~!

>2



ibpcv! jkn ejf~d= ~dbsb orgd~ vb ~o djub nokb! jkn ko~~o abjub ~db o~dbp rknokb’ $Ij~~dbw 03=03&+

Mbsrs nfnk‖~ sjv! ‑Vor Xdjpfsbbs ijlb ejp ~oo ircd oe ~f~dfkg jkn o~dbp srcd ~dfkgs fk Gon‖s ajw+ Vor jpb ircd

~oo }bjaors eop Gon‖s Wopn+ Nok‖~ vor lkow ~dj~ Gon

kbubp fk~bknbn vor ~o ~jlb bubpv~dfkg so s~pfc~av+ Wdv

nok‖~ vor afgd~bk rx?’

Ko! Mbsrs sjfn ~dbv nfn wbaa ~o ~jlb Gon‖s Wopn s~pfc~av `v

dokopfkg bubk ~db nb~jfas oe ~f~dfkg+ Wdj~ Db dj~bn wjs~dj~ ~dbv djn ifssbn ~db dbjp~ jkn sora oe ~db Ajw! wdfcd

wjs mrngibk~! ibpcv! jkn ejf~d+ ^db Ajw wjs ko~ gfubk js

j ibjks ~o o`~jfk pfgd~borskbss< pj~dbp! f~ pbubjabn Gon‖s

bt~pbib doafkbss jkn ijk‖s ejaabkkbss jkn xofk~bn ~o

Cdpfs~ js ~db `bafbufkg sfkkbp‖s mrs~fefcj~fok $Poi+ 3=:6)0><

Gja+ 3=:8):3! 0>)02&+ ^db Xdjpfsbbs ifssbn ~db dbjp~ oe ~db

Ajw wdfcd fs ~o aoub Gon wf~d jaa okb‖s dbjp~ jkn ~o aoubokb‖s kbfgdòp js okbsbae+ db ejc~ ~dj~ ~dbv wbpb coixafcf~

fk ~db nbj~d oe ~db Sok oe Gon fs cabjp bufnbkcb ~dj~ ~dbv

nfn ko~ aoub Gon+

Cjknfnav! ~dbpb jpb j ao~ oe erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ xpbjcdbps

~dj~ F djub af~~ab pbsxbc~ eop! `r~ F nok‖~ lkow oe jkv eraa)

àowk erknjibk~jafs~ Xdjpfsbbs+ Wb `bafbub ~oo ircd fkgpjcb jkn nbafgd~ ~oo ircd fk Gon‖s epbb pfgd~borskbss+

^dbpb fs dvxocpfsv! ~dorgd! jkn ~dbpb fs jk babibk~ oe ~prb

abgjafsi wf~dfk ~db FE@ ioubibk~+ F djub wjpkbn jòr~

~dfs oe~bk+ $Sbb! eop btjixab! iv kbw epbb b@ool ^DB

^WO MJCLS ! wdfcd fs jujfajàb j~ ~db Wjv oe Afeb wb`

sf~b! www+wjvoeafeb+opg+&

Wdfab F cjk‖~ sxbjl eop bubpvokb! F cjk sxbjl eop ivsbae+

Jkn F nok'~ xpbjcd wopls eop sjauj~fok jkn F nok'~ xpbjcd

wopls eop sjkc~fefcj~fok+ Bubpv~dfkg fs `v Gon's gpjcb jkn

>5



Dfs gpjcb jaokb+ ^dj~ ifgd~ ko~ coib jcposs fk jkv okb

xjp~fcrajp sbpiok! `r~ f~ fs cabjp fk iv ~dfklfkg jkn fk ~db

oubpjaa xbpsxbc~fub oe iv ifkfs~pv+ Js eop dvxocpfsv! F nok'~

jawjvs afub rx ~o wdj~ F xpbjcd+ Ejp epoi f~! `r~ F cokebss

iv sfks ~o Gon $jkn ~o ijk wdbk ~db sf~rj~fok

kbcbssf~j~bs& jkn nok'~ xpb~bkn ~o jkv sbae)pfgd~borskbss+ F

lkow j~ bubpv ioibk~ ~dj~ ~db okav pfgd~borskbss F djub

~dj~ fs jccbx~jàb ~o Gon fs fk Cdpfs~ jkn fk Cdpfs~ jaokb+

^dj~ fs ko~ Xdjpfsbbfsi+

Wb sbb fk Ij~~dbw 03=03 ~dj~ Cdpfs~ nfn ko~ pb`rlb ~db

Xdjpfsbbs eop xjvfkg j~~bk~fok ~o ~db abss wbfgd~v ~dfkgs fk

~db ajw+ Db pb`rlbn ~dbi eop eocrsfkg ok ~db abssbp ij~~bps

~o ~db kbgabc~ oe ~db wbfgd~fbp okbs+

^db @fàb)`bafbufkg ‑erknjibk~jafs~s’ ~dj~ F lkow no ko~

kbgabc~ ~db wbfgd~fbp ij~~bps oe ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d+^dbv jfi! pj~dbp! ~o eoaaow Xjra‖s btjixab jkn ~o gfub dbbn

~o ‑~db wdoab corksba oe Gon’ $Jc~s 08=07&+ ^dbv xpbjcd

~db ufpgfk `fp~d! àoon j~okbibk~! pbsrppbc~fok! jkn

jscbksfok oe Cdpfs~ jkn mrs~fefcj~fok `v gpjcb jkn ~db

^pfkf~v jkn ~db xbpsokjaf~v oe ~db Doav Sxfpf~ jkn ~db o~dbp

‑wbfgd~fbp’ ij~~bps oe ~db ejf~d! `r~ ~dbv jaso xpbjcd

cdrpcd nfscfxafkb $: Cop+ 2& jkn ~db pbs~pfc~foks rxok ~dbwoijk‖s ifkfs~pv $: ^fi+ 0=:0< : Cop+ :>=3>& jkn nrb

opnbp jiokg ibk jkn woibk! wdfcd bubk ~orcdbs ok ~dbfp

djfp s~vabs $: Cop+ ::=:):5& jkn o~dbp ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb abss

wbfgd~v+

Wdbk j Cdpfs~fjk ~onjv xpbjcdbs jgjfks~ xox irsfc jkn

Doaavwoon‖s efa~d jkn cjaas eop ionbs~ npbss! db fs cjaabn jXdjpfsbb! `r~ ~db @fàb nbijkns j ubpv s~pfc~ sbxjpj~fok

epoi ~db wopan! jkn ~dfs fs ko~ Xdjpfsbbfsi< f~ fs Kbw

^bs~jibk~ Cdpfs~fjkf~v+ Eoaaowfkg jpb mrs~ soib oe ~db

>7



coiijknibk~s ok ~dfs fssrb! jkn ~dbv jpb fknbbn

coiijknibk~s jkn ko~ srggbs~foks+

‑Jkn `b ko~ cokeopibn ~o ~dfs wopan= `r~ `b vb~pjkseopibn `v ~db pbkbwfkg oe vorp ifkn! ~dj~ vb ijvxpoub wdj~ fs ~dj~ goon! jkn jccbx~j`ab! jkn xbpebc~!wfaa oe Gon’ $Poijks :0=0&+

‑Djufkg ~dbpbeopb ~dbsb xpoifsbs! nbjpav `baoubn! ab~rs cabjksb orpsbaubs epoi jaa efa~dfkbss oe ~db eabsd jknsxfpf~! xbpebc~fkg doafkbss fk ~db ebjp oe Gon’ $0Copfk~dfjks 7=:&+

‑@r~ Gon eop`fn ~dj~ F sdoran gaopv! sjub fk ~db cposs oe orp Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~! `v wdoi ~db wopan fs cprcfefbnrk~o ib! jkn F rk~o ~db wopan’ $Gjaj~fjks 5=:>&+

‑Jkn djub ko ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss! `r~ pj~dbp pbxpoub ~dbi’ $Bxdbsfjks 2=::&+

‑Eop ~db gpjcb oe Gon ~dj~ `pfkgb~d sjauj~fok dj~d

jxxbjpbn ~o jaa ibk! ^bjcdfkg rs ~dj~! nbkvfkgrkgonafkbss jkn wopanav ars~s! wb sdoran afub so`bpav!pfgd~borsav! jkn gonav! fk ~dfs xpbsbk~ wopan’ $^f~rs0=::):0&+

‑Xrpb pbafgfok jkn rknbefabn `beopb Gon jkn ~db Ej~dbp fs ~dfs! o ufsf~ ~db ej~dbpabss jkn wfnows fk ~dbfp jeeafc~fok! jkn ~o lbbx dfisbae rksxo~~bn epoi ~dbwopan’ $Mjibs :=07&+

‑Vb jnra~bpbps jkn jnra~bpbssbs! lkow vb ko~ ~dj~ ~dbepfbknsdfx oe ~db wopan fs bkif~v wf~d Gon? wdosobubp ~dbpbeopb wfaa `b j epfbkn oe ~db wopan fs ~db bkbiv oe Gon’ $Mjibs >=>&+

‑Nbjpav `baoubn! F `bsbbcd vor js s~pjkgbps jknxfagpfis! j`s~jfk epoi eabsdav ars~s! wdfcd wjp jgjfks~~db sora’ $: Xb~bp 0=::&+

‑Aoub ko~ ~db wopan! kbf~dbp ~db ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb fk ~dbwopan+ Fe jkv ijk aoub ~db wopan! ~db aoub oe ~db Ej~dbp fs ko~ fk dfi+ Eop jaa ~dj~ fs fk ~db wopan! ~db ars~ oe ~dbeabsd! jkn ~db ars~ oe ~db bvbs! jkn ~db xpfnb oe afeb! fsko~ oe ~db Ej~dbp! `r~ fs oe ~db wopan+ Jkn ~db wopan

>4



xjssb~d jwjv! jkn ~db ars~ ~dbpboe= `r~ db ~dj~ nob~d~db wfaa oe Gon j`fnb~d eop bubp’ $: Modk 0=:2):7&+

‑Jkn wb lkow ~dj~ wb jpb oe Gon! jkn ~db wdoab wopanafb~d fk wfclbnkbss’ $: Modk 2=:6&+

Sbxjpj~fok epoi ~db wopan `v j òpk jgjfk! àoon)wjsdbn!

sjubn)`v)gpjcb)jaokb `bafbubp fs ko~ Xdjpfsbbfsi+ F~ fs

o`bnfbkcb ~o Gon jkn cokeopif~v ~o Dfs cdjpjc~bp jkn wfaa+

^db Xdjpfsbbs wbpb j~ ~db eopbepok~ oe ~db cprcfeftfok oe

Mbsrs Cdpfs~ jkn oe ~db xbpsbcr~fok oe ~db bjpav Cdpfs~fjks+

F~ fs j gpbj~ sajknbp ~o aj`ba j Cdpfs~)aoufkg! @fàb)

dokopfkg! gpjcb)gosxba)xpbjcdfkg! sbae)nb`jsfkg! xbjcb)

aoufkg Cdpfs~fjk j Xdjpfsbb+

^db ionbpk Xdjpfsbb woran `b iopb jlfk ~o ~db Poijk

Cj~doafc xpfbs~ wf~d dfs sjcpjibk~ja gosxba jkn dfs

~pjnf~foks btja~bn ~o ~db xajcb oe Scpfx~rpb jkn dfs aokg

dfs~opv oe xbpsbcr~fkg ~db sjfk~s+ ^db bcribkfcja cpown

nobsk‖~ cjaa Cj~doafc xpfbs~s Xdjpfsbbs! ~dorgd+ ^dbv nok‖~

sbbi ~o `b cokcbpkbn jòr~ jaa oe ~db soras wdo djub `bbk

abn js~pjv `v ~dbsb cok~bixopjpv Xdjpfsbbs+

^db okav ibk ~dbv sbbi ~o `b cokcbpkbn jòr~ jpb ~dosbnpbjnera oan ‑erknjibk~jafs~s’ wf~d ~dbfp s~pokg @fàb

cokufc~foks jkn ~dbfp pbersja ~o sifab j~ bppop+ Od! ~dosb

npbjnera erknjibk~jafs~ Xdjpfsbbs*

>6



Eop`fnnfkg O~dbps

Ijpl 6=34)>8 ) ‑Jkn Modk jkswbpbn dfi! sjvfkg!

Ijs~bp! wb sjw okb cjs~fkg or~ nbufas fk ~dv kjib!jkn db eoaaowb~d ko~ rs= jkn wb eop`jn dfi! `bcjrsbdb eoaaowb~d ko~ rs+ @r~ Mbsrs sjfn! Eop`fn dfi ko~= eop ~dbpb fs ko ijk wdfcd sdjaa no j ifpjcab fk iv kjib!~dj~ cjk afgd~av sxbjl bufa oe ib+ Eop db ~dj~ fs ko~jgjfks~ rs fs ok orp xjp~+’

Arlb 6=>6)28 ) ‑Jkn Modk jkswbpbn jkn sjfn! Ijs~bp!wb sjw okb cjs~fkg or~ nbufas fk ~dv kjib< jkn wb

eop`jn dfi! `bcjrsb db eoaaowb~d ko~ wf~d rs+ JknMbsrs sjfn rk~o dfi! Eop`fn dfi ko~= eop db ~dj~ fs ko~jgjfks~ rs fs eop rs+’

^dbsb xjssjgbs jpb epbzrbk~av j`rsbn `v ~dosb wdo

xpoio~b bcribkfcja ebaaowsdfx jkn rkf~v+ Wdbk j xpbjcdbp

btxosbs ~db coixpoifsb jkn bppop oe soib Cdpfs~fjk abjnbp

op ioubibk~! ~dbv xpo~bs~ ~dj~ ~dfs fs ko~ Gon‖s wfaa jkn

~dbv cf~b ~dbsb ubpsbs js bufnbkcb+ ^dbv sjv! ‑Nok‖~ vor

lkow ~dj~ Cdpfs~ sjfn vor sdoran ko~ eop`fn jko~dbp

xpoebssfkg Cdpfs~fjk wdo fs nofkg wopls fk Dfs kjib+’

Wb lkow ~dj~ ~dfs fs j ifsrsb oe Scpfx~rpb `bcjrsb ~db

@f`ab nobs ko~ cok~pjnfc~ f~sbae+ Fe ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~

wjs sjvfkg fk ~dbsb xjssjgbs ~dj~ f~ fs wpokg ~o mrngb jknbtxosb bppop! Db woran `b cok~pjnfc~fkg Dfs owk Wopn+

Ijkv o~dbp Scpfx~rpbs nbscpf`b ~db xpbjcdbp‖s

pbsxoksf`faf~v ~o mrngb noc~pfkb jkn ~o wjpk xr`afcav oe

bppop jkn coixpoifsb+ Sbb! eop btjixab! Ij~~dbw 7=:2<

:5=5):0< 0>=>)2< Poijks :5=:7< : Copfk~dfjks :>=06<

Gjaj~fjks :=4)6< Xdfafxxfjks 3=0< Coaossfjks 0=4< 0

^dbssjaokfjks 3=:>< : ^fio~dv >=:)5< 0 ^fio~dv 0=:5):4<^f~rs :=6)::< : Modk >=:< 0 Modk 4)::< Mrnb 3< Pbubaj~fok

0=5! :>! :2+

28



Wb lkow! ~dbpbeopb! ~dj~ wdj~bubp ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ fs

sjvfkg fk ~db jeopbibk~fokbn xjssjgbs! Db fs ko~ sjvfkg

~dj~ f~ fs wpokg ~o ijpl jkn btxosb ~db bppop jkn

coixpoifsb oe Cdpfs~fjk abjnbps+

Fk ~pr~d Cdpfs~ wjs eop`fnnfkg ~db nfscfxabs ~o btbpcfsb

bccabsfjs~fcja cok~poa oubp o~dbp ibk wdo cajfi ~o eoaaow

Dfi+ Db wjs wjpkfkg jgjfks~ ~dj~ kj~rpja fixrasb ~o

cok~poa o~dbps+ Db wjs ko~ sjvfkg ~dj~ wb cjkko~ pbxpoub

jko~dbp Cdpfs~fjk< Db wjs sjvfkg ~dj~ wb cjkko~ eop`fn

jko~dbp Cdpfs~fjk+ ^dbsb jpb coixab~bav nfeebpbk~ ~dfkgs+

^db jxos~abs djn gpbj~ jr~dopf~v ~o bs~j`afsd ~db efps~

cdrpcdbs jkn ~o coixab~b ~db cjkok oe Scpfx~rpb! `r~ ~dbv

nfn ko~ djub rkafif~bn jr~dopf~v+ ^dbv wbpb ko~ xoxbs+

^dbfp o`mbc~fub wjs ko~ ~o bs~j`afsd ~db lfkgnoi oe Gon `v

eopcb+ ^dbv coran ko~ `bjp ~db swopn jgjfks~ ~dosb wdopbersbn ~o eoaaow ~dbi+ ^dbv coran ko~ btbpcfsb xdvsfcja

eopcb jgjfks~ ~dosb ~dbv coksfnbpbn ~dbfp bkbifbs+ ^dbv

coran ko~ fixpfsok ~dbi op `bj~ ~dbi op cokefscj~b ~dbfp

xpoxbp~v op lfaa ~dbi op o~dbpwfsb sbbl ~o ‑eop`fn’ ~dbi ~o

xpbjcd+

^db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd fgkopbn ~dfs wjpkfkg jkncajfibn jr~dopf~v oubp jaa Cdpfs~fjks+ Poib j~~bix~bn ~o

eop`fn jaa ibk ~o sbpub Cdpfs~ rkabss ~dbv sbpubn Dfi je~bp

~db Poijk Cj~doafc ejsdfok+

^db xpbjcdbp ~dj~ btxosbs bppop fs ko~ ~pvfkg ~o eop`fn o~dbp

ibk ~o xpbjcd ~db gosxba op ~o sbpub Cdpfs~+ Db fs ko~

btbpcfsfkg jr~dopf~v oubp jkvokb op xbpsbcr~fkg jkvokb+ Dbfs ibpbav nofkg wdj~ ~db Wopn oe Gon pbzrfpbs< db fs

ibjsrpfkg ibk jkn ioubibk~s `v ~db Scpfx~rpb+

2:



Wdbk F wjpk oe njkgbps F sbb fk @faav Gpjdji‖s

bcribkfcja cprsjnbs! eop btjixab! jkn F wjpk j`or~ dow db

djs ~rpkbn cokubp~s oubp ~o ~db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd! F

ji ko~ eop`fnnfkg dfi ~o xpbjcd ~db gosxba kop ji F ~pvfkg

~o btbpcfsb jkv ~vxb oe jr~dopf~v oubp dfi+ F cjk xpjfsb ~db

Aopn eop bubpv sora ~dj~ fs gbkrfkbav sjubn ~dporgd ~db

@faav Gpjdji Bujkgbafs~fc Cprsjnb op jkv o~dbp

ioubibk~+ F no ko~ ~pv ~o s~ox ~dbi wf~d eopcb op `v

goubpkibk~ja jr~dopf~v op ~dporgd drijk nbcbx~fok+ ^db

wbjxoks oe orp wjpejpb jpb ko~ cjpkja+

^dfs nobs ko~ ibjk! ~dorgd! ~dj~ F ji gofkg ~o fgkopb bppop+

Wb irs~ pbxpoub dbpbsv jkn coixpoifsb jkn bjpkbs~av

cok~bkn eop ~db ejf~d okcb nbafubpbn ~o ~db sjfk~s! jkn ~o no

so fs ko~ cok~pjpv ~o wdj~ Cdpfs~ eop`jnb+

20



Ij~~dbw :4

Oe~bk~fibs F ji jslbn fe F eoaaow ~db grfnbafkbs oe

Ij~~dbw :4 `beopb F xràfsd j pbxop~+

Eop btjixab! wdbk F xràfsdbn jk oxbk cdjaabkgb ~o

Cajpbkcb Sbt~ok jòr~ dfs Epfbknsdfx Cokebpbkcbs! F

pbcbfubn ~db eoaaowfkg=

‑F ji nbbxav rxsb~ j~ ~db xpfuj~b ab~~bp vor xos~bn ok

vorp wb`sf~b ~o Np+ Sbt~ok+ ^djkls eop sdoo~fkg vorp owk jkn ko~ cjaafkg Xjs~op Sbt~ok xbpsokjaav ~o gb~ jaaoe ~db ejc~s+ F grbss vor nok'~ pbjn Ij~~dbw :4 jaa ~dj~oe~bk+’

^db ejc~ fs ~dj~ F nfn cok~jc~ Xjs~op Sbt~ok xbpsokjaav

iok~ds `beopb ~db xràfcj~fok oe ~db jp~fcab+ Js eop

Ij~~dbw :4! js wb wfaa sbb! f~ djs ko~dfkg ~o no wf~d ~db

fssrb+

Wdbk F xràfsdbn j gbk~ab wjpkfkg jòr~ soib oe ~db

kbwbp Xj~cd ~db Xfpj~b irsfc ~jxbs vbjps jgo! F pbcbfubn

ko~bs epoi xboxab jslfkg fe F djn efps~ jxxpojcdbn Ijmbs~v

Irsfc+ Eoaaowfkg fs okb oe ~dbsb=

‑F ji wpf~fkg ~o jsl fe vor eoaaow ~db xpfkcfxabs oe Ij~~dbw :4 wdbk wpf~fkg jòr~ j `po~dbp fk Cdpfs~?Djub vor gokb ~o @po~dbp Djifa~ok jòr~ vorp cokcbpks jaokb! `beopb wpf~fkg vorp cpf~fzrb? Nfn vorefkn ko sj~fsejc~fok jkn ~jlb jko~dbp `po~dbp fk Cdpfs~wf~d vor? F pbcogkf}b ~dbsb jpb s~bxs ~o `b eoaaowbn fkj aocja cdrpcd cok~bt~! `r~ f~ sbbis xprnbk~ jkn wfsbjkn Gon dokopfkg ~o eoaaow sfifajp s~bxs wdbk nbjafkgwf~d `po~dbps jkn sfs~bps epoi o~dbp cdrpcdbs+’

Jko~dbp ijk gjub ~db sjib sop~ oe cdjaabkgb fk pbgjpn ~o

iv wjpkfkg jòr~ Cdrcl Swfknoaa=

‑F djub pbjn vorp jp~fcab ok Cdrcl Swfknoaa+ F~ fs ko~orp mo` ~o mrngb orp ebaaow ijk+ Fe vor djub cokcbpks

23



wf~d Swfknoaa jkn dfs ~bjcdfkgs ~dbk vorp mo` fs ~ocokepok~ dfi xbpsokjaav! sxbjl ~o jkn wf~d dfi! efkn or~wdbpb db fs coifkg epoi+ Fe vor s~faa `bafbub db fswpokg ~dbk `pfkg f~ `beopb vorp banbpsdfx jkn ab~ ~dbicokepok~+ ^dbk! jkn okav ~dbk! fe ~dbpb fs s~faa kocdjkgb! vor `pfkg f~ `beopb ~db cokgpbgj~fok! jkn ~dbkvor abjub f~ jkn dfi fk Gon‖s djkns+’

Fk pbjaf~v! Ij~~dbw :4 gfubs fks~prc~foks eop nbjafkg wf~d

xbpsokja xpoàbis `b~wbbk Cdpfs~fjks+ F~ nobs ko~ jnnpbss

dow ~o nbja wf~d xràfc ~bjcdfkgs jkn jc~foks `v Cdpfs~fjk

abjnbps+

^db jxos~ab Xjra! fk ~db Xjs~opja Bxfs~abs! ibk~fokbn ~db

kjibs oe coixpoifsbps jkn ejasb ~bjcdbps ^BK ~fibs!

wjpkfkg ^fio~dv jòr~ ~dbi+ ^dosb ab~~bps wbpb ko~

fk~bknbn ibpbav eop ^fio~dv jkn ^f~rs+ ^dbv wbpb j xjp~ oe

~db cjkok oe Scpfx~rpb jkn wbpb j xràfc pbcopn+ ^dbpb wjs

ko~dfkg ijafcfors fk Xjra‖s wjpkfkgs+ Dfs io~fub wjs ~o xpo~bc~ gonav xpbjcdbps jkn sorkn cdrpcdbs+

Ij~~dbw :4! ok ~db o~dbp djkn! nbjas wf~d xbpsokja

~pbsxjssbs `b~wbbk ibi`bps oe jk jssbiàv+ Coksfnbp

btjc~av wdj~ ~db xjssjgb sjvs=

‑Iopboubp fe ~dv `po~dbp SDJAA ^PBSXJSS JGJFKS^

^DBB! go jkn ~baa dfi dfs ejra~ `b~wbbk ~dbb jkn dfijaokb= fe db sdjaa dbjp ~dbb! ~dor djs~ gjfkbn ~dv`po~dbp+ @r~ fe db wfaa ko~ dbjp ~dbb! ~dbk ~jlb wf~d ~dbbokb op ~wo iopb! ~dj~ fk ~db ior~d oe ~wo op ~dpbbwf~kbssbs bubpv wopn ijv `b bs~jàfsdbn+ Jkn fe dbsdjaa kbgabc~ ~o dbjp ~dbi! ^BAA F^ RKÔ ^DBCDRPCD= `r~ fe db kbgabc~ ~o dbjp ~db cdrpcd! ab~ dfi`b r k ~ o ~ d b b j s j db j ~ d bk ij k jk n jxràfcjk’ $Ij~~dbw :4=:2):7&+

Cdrcl Swfknoaa djs ko~ ~pbsxjssbn jgjfks~ ib xbpsokjaav+

^dj~ fs ko~ ~db fssrb! jkn f~ woran `b fixossfàb ~o eoaaow

Ij~~dbw :4 fk ~dj~ ~vxb oe sf~rj~fok+ Bubk fe F wbpb ~o

2>



j~~bix~ ~o eoaaow ~db efps~ xjp~ oe ~db xjssjgb fk srcd j

cok~bt~! f~ woran `b fixossfàb ~o eoaaow ~db ajs~ xjp~+ F

djub ko wjv ~o ~jlb ~dfs fssrb ‑rk~o ~db cdrpcd+’ F ji ko~ j

ibi`bp oe Swfknoaa‖s cdrpcd op Sbt~ok‖s cdrpcd+ ^dbfp

cdrpcdbs djub ko jr~dopf~v oubp ib! jkn F djub ko `rsfkbss

wf~d ~dbi $jkn F ji srpb ~dbv woran fgkopb jkv j~~bix~ F

ifgd~ ijlb ~o cdjpgb ~dbsb ibk wf~d bppop&+ Sfifajpav!

~dbsb ibk jpb ko~ ibi`bps oe iv cdrpcd! so ~dbv djub ko

`rsfkbss wf~d f~ jkn f~ djs ko jr~dopf~v oubp dfi+

ô j~~bix~ ~o eoaaow Ij~~dbw :4 fk srcd ij~~bps woran `b

cokersfok+

Ibk srcd js Cdrcl Swfknoaa djub xràfsdbn ij~bpfjas jkn

nfs~pf`r~bn ~dbi wfnbav ~o fknfufnrjas jkn cdrpcdbs jcposs

~db ajkn+ F ji ibpbav jkjav}fkg ~dbfp xràfsdbn wopls fk

o`bnfbkcb ~o ~db Wopn oe Gon+ Ij~bpfja ~dj~ fs nfs~pf`r~bn xràfcav sdoran `b jkjav}bn xràfcav+

Eoaaowfkg jpb soib oe ~db Scpfx~rpbs ~dj~ gfub ib jr~dopf~v

eop ~dfs xpjc~fcb=

‑Xpoub jaa ~dfkgs< doan ejs~ ~dj~ wdfcd fs goon’ $:^dbssjaokfjks 2=0:&+

‑Xpbjcd ~db wopn< `b fks~jk~ fk sbjsok! or~ oe sbjsok<pbxpoub! pb`rlb! btdop~ wf~d jaa aokgsreebpfkg jknnoc~pfkb’ $0 ^fio~dv >=0&+

‑Jkn djub ko ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss! `r~ pj~dbp pbxpoub ~dbi’ $Bxdbsfjks 2=::&+

‑^dbsb ~dfkgs sxbjl! jkn btdop~! jkn pb`rlb wf~d jaajr~dopf~v+ Ab~ ko ijk nbsxfsb ~dbb’ $^f~rs 0=:2&+

‑@baoubn! wdbk F gjub jaa nfafgbkcb ~o wpf~b rk~o vor oe ~db coiiok sjauj~fok! f~ wjs kbbnera eop ib ~o wpf~brk~o vor! jkn btdop~ vor ~dj~ vb sdoran bjpkbs~avcok~bkn eop ~db ejf~d wdfcd wjs okcb nbafubpbn rk~o ~dbsjfk~s’ $Mrnb 3&+

22



@v ~db wjv! iv xbpsokja coppbsxoknbkcb wf~d Ijmbs~v

Irsfc wjs coixab~bav fgkopbn! bubk ~dorgd F jxxpojcdbn

~dbi dri`av js j epfbkn wdo djs jnubp~fsbn ~dbfp irsfc eop

ijkv vbjps wf~dor~ cdjpgb $jkn cok~fkrbs ~o no so wf~d j

corxab oe cjubj~s&+ Drijk kj~rpb nobs ko~ aflb ~o `b

coppbc~bn! jkn ~db `fggbp ~db ifkfs~pv ~db iopb fkrpbn f~

~dfkls f~sbae ~o `b epoi cpf~fcfsi+

25



Gjijafba‖s Jnufcb

Jc~s 2=34)36 ) ‑Jkn kow F sjv rk~o vor! Pbepjfk epoi

~dbsb ibk! jkn ab~ ~dbi jaokb= eop fe ~dfs corksba op ~dfs wopl `b oe ibk! f~ wfaa coib ~o korgd~= @r~ fe f~ `boe Gon! vb cjkko~ oubp~dpow f~< abs~ djxav vb `b eorknbubk ~o efgd~ jgjfks~ Gon+’

Gjijafba wjs jk rkcokubp~bn Xdjpfsbb jkn Gon rsbn dfi

~o nbafubp Xb~bp jkn Modk epoi nbj~d! `r~ db sjfn j eooafsd

~dfkg wdfcd ijkv Cdpfs~fjks zro~b js gosxba ~pr~d+

Gjijafba jnufsbn ~db Mbwfsd prabps ko~ ~o lfaa Xb~bp jkn

Modk wdo djn `bbk xpbjcdfkg Cdpfs~ cok~pjpv ~o Mbwfsd

ajw+

Soib rsb ~dfs ~o srxxop~ ~db fnbj ~dj~ f~ fs ko~ orp `rsfkbss

~o pb`rlb sfk op ~o btxosb ejasb ~dboaogv+ Wb sdoran abjub

~dj~ ~o Gon+ Aflb Gjijafba! ~dbv sjv fe ~db wopl fs oe Gon!f~ wfaa xposxbp< fe f~ fs ko~! f~ wfaa ejfa! so mrs~ abjub f~ jaokb+

^o cf~b Gjijafba js jk jr~dopf~v! ~dorgd! fs ~o eoaaow ~db

xdfaosoxdv oe rksjubn ijk+ ^db @f`ab okav zro~bs wdj~

Gjijafba sjfn< f~ nobs ko~ jxxpoub dfs s~j~bibk~+

F~ fs ko~ ~prb ~dj~ fe j wopl `b ko~ oe Gon! ‑f~ wfaa coib ~okorgd~+’ ^db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd wjs ko~ oe Gon epoi

f~s fkcbx~fok! `r~ f~ djs ko~ coib ~o korgd~+ ^db Mbdoujd‖s

Wf~kbssbs ioubibk~ djs ko~ coib ~o korgd~ bubk ~dorgd

f~ nbkfbs Cdpfs~‖s nbf~v jkn sjauj~fok `v gpjcb+ ^db sjib fs

~prb eop @rnndfsi jkn Dfknrfsi jkn Iodjiibnjkfsi

jkn Sxfpf~fsi jkn Iopiokfsi+

F~ fs rkscpfx~rpja ~o sjv ~dj~ wb jpb ~o abjub ejasb ~dfkgs

jaokb! `bcjrsb wb jpb sxbcfefcjaav coiijknbn ~o nbja wf~d

bppop+

27



^fio~dv wjs coiijknbn! ‑^dbi ~dj~ sfk pb`rlb `beopb

jaa! ~dj~ o~dbps jaso ijv ebjp’ $: fi+ 2=08&+ Bxdbsfjks 2=::

sjvs wb jpb ~o pbxpoub ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss+

Mrnb sjvs wb ‑sdoran bjpkbs~av cok~bkn eop ~db ejf~d wdfcd

wjs okcb nbafubpbn rk~o ~db sjfk~s+’

Js ~db aj~b Modk P+ Pfcb sjfn! ‑Soib eoaaow Gjijafba! `r~

f~ woran `b ejp `b~~bp fe ~dbv woran eoaaow ~db

@f`ab’ $ Bcribkfcja Btcrsbs eop Rkbzrja Volbs&+

24



^db jpbs

‑Jko~dbp xjpjàb xr~ db eop~d rk~o ~dbi! sjvfkg! ^db

lfkgnoi oe dbjubk fs aflbkbn rk~o j ijk wdfcd sowbngoon sbbn fk dfs efban= @r~ wdfab ibk sabx~! dfs bkbivcjib jkn sowbn ~jpbs jiokg ~db wdbj~! jkn wbk~ dfswjv+ @r~ wdbk ~db àjnb wjs sxprkg rx! jkn `porgd~eop~d eprf~! ~dbk jxxbjpbn ~db ~jpbs jaso+ So ~dbsbpujk~s oe ~db dorsbdoanbp cjib jkn sjfn rk~o dfi!Sfp! nfns~ ko~ ~dor sow goon sbbn fk ~dv efban? epoiwdbkcb ~dbk dj~d f~ ~jpbs? Db sjfn rk~o ~dbi! Jkbkbiv dj~d nokb ~dfs+ ^db sbpujk~s sjfn rk~o dfi! Wfa~

~dor ~dbk ~dj~ wb go jkn gj~dbp ~dbi rx? @r~ db sjfn!Kjv< abs~ wdfab vb gj~dbp rx ~db ~jpbs! vb poo~ rx jaso~db wdbj~ wf~d ~dbi+ Ab~ ò~d gpow ~ogb~dbp rk~fa ~dbdjpubs~= jkn fk ~db ~fib oe djpubs~ F wfaa sjv ~o ~dbpbjxbps! Gj~dbp vb ~ogb~dbp efps~ ~db ~jpbs! jkn `fkn~dbi fk `rknabs ~o `rpk ~dbi= `r~ gj~dbp ~db wdbj~fk~o iv `jpk’ $Ij~~dbw :3=0>)38&+

^dfs xjpjàb fs ifsrsbn `v ijkv wdo no ko~ aflb ~db

xpjc~fcb oe pbxpoufkg jkn sbxjpj~fkg epoi bppop+ ^dbv sjv!

‑Cdpfs~ ~jrgd~ rs ~o fgkopb ~db ~jpbs rk~fa ~db ~fib oe

djpubs~ wdbk ~db jkgbas wfaa sop~ ~dfkgs or~+ F~ fs ko~ orp

`rsfkbss ~onjv ~o sbxjpj~b ~db ~jpbs epoi ~db wdbj~+’

^db xjpjàb fs ko~ pbebppfkg ~o ~db cdrpcdbs! ~dorgd+ Cdpfs~

xajfkav sjfn ‑~db efban fs ~db wopan’ $ubpsb 34&+

^db xjpjàb ~bjcdbs ~dj~ ~db ra~fij~b jkn efkja sbxjpj~fok oe

~db sjubn epoi ~db rksjubn cjk okav `b jccoixafsdbn `v

Gon j~ ~db coifkg oe Cdpfs~+

^db xjpjàb eop`fns ~db ~vxb oe ~dfkg ~dj~ wjs xpjc~fcbn `v

~db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd nrpfkg ~db Ifnnab Jgbs! wdbk

Poib mofkbn djkns wf~d ~db sbcrajp xowbps ~o bkeopcb ~dbfp

bccabsfjs~fcja ajws ~owjpn jaa ibk+ ^dosb wdo wbpb

nbbibn ‑dbpb~fcs’ wbpb xbpsbcr~bn jkn bubk `rpkbn ~o

nbj~d+ ^dfs fs eop`fnnbk `v Cdpfs~‖s xjpjàb jkn `v ijkv

26



o~dbp Scpfx~rpbs+ F~ fs ko~ ~db cdrpcd‖s `rsfkbss ~o nfscfxafkb

~db wopan+

F~ fs ~db cdrpcd‖s `rsfkbss! ~dorgd! ~o nfscfxafkb f~s owkibi`bps+ Dbpb~fcs! je~bp ~db efps~ jkn sbcokn jniokf~fok!

jpb ~o `b pbmbc~bn $^f~rs 3=:8)::&+

F~ jaso ~db `rsfkbss oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk ~o sbxjpj~b epoi ejasb

~bjcdbps $Poijks :5=:7< : ^fio~dv 5=3)2< 0 ^fio~dv 3=2< 0

Modk :8)::&+

^db eoaaowfkg fs `v ~db aj~b Epjklafk G+ Drafkg=

‑^db —Wdbj~ jkn ~db ^jpbs‖ xjpjàb oe Ij~~dbw:3=0>)38! 35)>3! fs jaso ircd ifsrknbps~oon+ Efps~ oe jaa! orp Aopn fs ~jalfkg jòr~ ~db wopan! ko~ DfsCdrpcd))—~db efban fs ~db wopan+‖ Db gobs ok ~o sjv ~dj~—~db goon sbbn jpb ~db cdfanpbk oe ~db Lfkgnoi< `r~ ~db~jpbs jpb ~db cdfanpbk oe ~db wfclbn okb‖ $Ij~~dbw:3=34&+ ^dbv jpb ~db ~wo gporxs fk ~db wopan! cdfanpbkoe Gon))~dosb wdo djub pbcbfubn Cdpfs~ $Modk :=:0&!jkn ~db cdfanpbk oe ~db nbufa))~dosb wdo pbmbc~ Cdpfs~$Modk 4=>>&+

‑Wdbk jkv oe ~db —cdfanpbk oe ~db wfclbn okb‖ gb~ fk~o ~dbxpoebssbn cdrpcd oe Cdpfs~! js ~dbv djub jawjvs nokb! jnbefkf~b xpocbnrpb eop Gon‖s cdfanpbk fs sb~ eop~d fk DfsWopn+ Efps~! f~ fs ~dbfp nr~v ~o ~baa ~dbi ~dj~ ~dbv djub—kbf~dbp xjp~ kop ao~‖ fk Cdpfs~ $sbb Jc~s 4=0:)03 jkncok~bt~&+ Fe ~db cdfanpbk oe ~db nbufa no ko~ abjubuoark~jpfav! js fs gbkbpjaav ~db cjsb! Gon‖s cdfanpbk jpbcoiijknbn ~o —xrpgb or~‖ ~dbsb rk`bafbubps $: Cop+ 2=7&+@r~ Gon‖s xboxab djub nfso`bvbn Dfs Wopn jòr~ ~dfs!jkn so rk`bafbubps djub go~~bk fk~o cok~poa! js fs kow ~dbcjsb fk ios~ nbkoifkj~foks+

‑^dbpbeopb! ~dosb wdo xrpxosb ~o `b ~prb ~o Cdpfs~ jkn

Dfs Wopn jpb coiijknbn ~o —coib or~ epoi jiokg~dbi! jkn `b vb sbxjpj~b! sjf~d ~db Aopn‖ $0 Cop+ 5=:7&!pbgjpnabss oe xpoxbp~v op jkv o~dbp coksfnbpj~foks+Wdbk wb o`bv Gon‖s Wopn! wb cjk ~prs~ Dfi ~o ~jlbcjpb oe jaa ~db coksbzrbkcbs oe orp o`bnfbkcb+’

58



orcd Ko~ ~db Aopn‖s Jkofk~bn

Okb oe ~db ijkv ~jc~fcs ~dj~ soib @jx~fs~ xpbjcdbps djub

rsbn ~o pbijfk jòub pbxpooe jkn nfscfxafkb fs ~db

ifsjxxafcj~fok oe Scpfx~rpb+

Okb oe ~dbsb fs : Sjirba 0>=:8! rxok wdfcd fs `jsbn ~db

noc~pfkb oe ‑~orcd ko~ Gon‖s jkofk~bn+’ Njufn sjfn!

‑@bdoan! ~dfs njv ~dfkb bvbs djub sbbk dow ~dj~ ~db

AOPN djn nbafubpbn ~dbb ~o njv fk~o ifkb djkn fk ~dbcjub= jkn soib `jnb ib lfaa ~dbb= `r~ ifkb bvbsxjpbn ~dbb< jkn F sjfn! F wfaa ko~ xr~ eop~d ifkb djknjgjfks~ iv aopn< eop db fs ~db AOPN‖S jkofk~bn+’

^db cok~bt~ djs ~o no wf~d lfaafkg jk jkofk~bn lfkg oe

Fspjba+ Jxxjpbk~av soib @jx~fs~ xpbjcdbps ~dfkl ~dbv jpb

lfkgs jkn ~dj~ soibokb wdo pbxpoubs ~dbi fs ~pvfkg ~o lfaa

~dbi+

Mjcl Dvabs cbp~jfkav jc~bn aflb j lfkg jkn xr~ dfisbae

jòub pbxpooe jkn nfscfxafkb! jkn so nobs Mjcl Scdjjx jkn

ijkv o~dbps wdo jpb eoaaowfkg ~dfs btcbbnfkgav

rkscpfx~rpja! rkgonav ~vxb oe xjs~opja ionba+

@r~ bubk jk Fspjbaf~b lfkg wjs ko~ jòub pbxpooe+ Njufnnfnk‖~ lfaa Lfkg Sjra! `r~ ~db xpoxdb~ Sjirba nfn ko~ npjw

`jcl epoi pbxpoufkg ~db soppv oan lfkg! jkn ~db xpoxdb~

Kj~djk nfn ko~ npjw `jcl epoi pbxpoufkg Lfkg Njufn! jkn

wb coran gfub ijkv o~dbp btjixabs+

J xjs~op fs ko~ jk Fspjbaf~b lfkg! `r~ bubk lfkgs coran `b

pbxpoubn `v Gon‖s xpbjcdbps+ Jkn so cjk xjs~ops+

‑^dbsb ~dfkgs sxbjl! jkn btdop~! jkn pb`rlb wf~d jaajr~dopf~v+ Ab~ ko ijk nbsxfsb ~dbb’ $^f~rs 0=:2&+

5:



‑F cdjpgb ~dbb ~dbpbeopb `beopb Gon! jkn ~db AopnMbsrs Cdpfs~! wdo sdjaa mrngb ~db zrfcl jkn ~db nbjnj~ dfs jxxbjpfkg jkn dfs lfkgnoi< xpbjcd ~db wopn< `bfks~jk~ fk sbjsok! or~ oe sbjsok< pbxpoub! pb`rlb!btdop~ wf~d jaa aokgsreebpfkg jkn noc~pfkb’ $0 ^fio~dv>=:)0&+

50



S~jkn ôgb~dbp op Djkg Sbxjpj~bav

^db eoaaowfkg fs `v Nbkkfs Cos~baaj! Nfpbc~op oe ~db

Erknjibk~ja Bujkgbafs~fc Jssocfj~fok! Aos Osos!

Cjafeopkfj+ Rsbn `v xbpifssfok+

^db btxpbssfok ‑wb wfaa bf~dbp s~jkn ~ogb~dbp op wb wfaadjkg sbxjpj~bav’ fs oe~bk jnujkcbn `v ~db kbw)bujkgbafcja! jkn sjn ~o sjv bubk `v soib srxxosbnerknjibk~jafs~s! fk jk beeop~ ~o mrs~fev rk`fàfcjaebaaowsdfxs wdfab oxxosfkg coiiok bkbifbs+

Erknjibk~jafs~s ~onjv mofk fk coiiok cjrsb! ko~ okavwf~d coixpoifsbn `pb~dpbk! `r~ jaso wf~d af`bpjas jknor~pfgd~ cra~fs~s ~o efgd~ fiiopjaf~v! jòp~fok op o~dbp bufas+ @r~ djs Gon srsxbknbn Dfs grfnbafkbs eop sbxjpj~fok epoi wdj~bubp fs cok~pjpv ~o noc~pfkja xrpf~veop ~db sjlb oe jnnbn xoaf~fcja op ~dboaogfcja caor~? Ko*

^db ejc~ pbijfks! Gon wfaa àbss ~db ~bs~fiokv oe jsbxjpj~bn wf~kbss jkn wfaa xbpeopi Dfs wfaa fk jkn

~dporgd f~! pj~dbp ~djk coknokb jk jaafjkcb `rfa~ rxokcoixpoifsb+

^db ko~fok ~dj~ j ufsfàb rkf~v wfbans iopb fkearbkcbwf~d ~db xowbps oe ~dfs wopan fs drijkfs~fc pbjsokfkg!ko~ nfufkb pbubaj~fok+ S~jkn ~prb* S~jkn jaokb fe kbbn`b* Fk so nofkg! vor kbbn kbubp ebjp `bfkg ‑drkg’ `vjkvokb js aokg js vorp soab cokefnbkcb fs fk Gon! jknko~ fk ~db s~pj~bgv oe ibk+

Gon‖s Wopn s~faa nbcajpbs ~dj~ ~db sorpcb oe xowbp fkoxxosfkg ~db bufa oe orp njv coibs epoi j`soar~bnbxbknbkcb ok ~db jpi oe Gon! ko~ ok ~db cokcbp~bnbeeop~s oe ibk+ ^db `fàfcja noc~pfkb oe sbxjpj~fok fs`jsbn ok ~db xpbifsb ~dj~ ~db doafkbss oe Gon wfaakbubp jaaow eop ~db mofkfkg ~ogb~dbp oe ~dj~ wdfcd fs ~prb~o ~db Wopn! jkn wdj~ fs cok~pjpv ~o ~db Wopn fk jcoiiok cjrsb! pbgjpnabss oe dow pfgd~bors op kbbnera

f~ ifgd~ jxxbjp ~o `b+

^db bkn nobs ko~ mrs~fev ~db ibjks fk Cdpfs~fjkifkfs~pv+

53



‑@b vb ko~ rkbzrjaav volbn ~ogb~dbp wf~d rk`bafbubps=eop wdj~ ebaaowsdfx dj~d pfgd~borskbss wf~drkpfgd~borskbss? jkn wdj~ coiirkfok dj~d afgd~ wf~dnjplkbss? Jkn wdj~ cokcopn dj~d Cdpfs~ wf~d @bafja?op wdj~ xjp~ dj~d db ~dj~ `bafbub~d wf~d jk fkefnba? Jknwdj~ jgpbbibk~ dj~d ~db ~bixab oe Gon wf~d fnoas? eop vb jpb ~db ~bixab oe ~db afufkg Gon< js Gon dj~d sjfn! Fwfaa nwbaa fk ~dbi! jkn wjal fk ~dbi< jkn F wfaa `b ~dbfp Gon! jkn ~dbv sdjaa `b iv xboxab+ Wdbpbeopb coibor~ epoi jiokg ~dbi! jkn `b vb sbxjpj~b! sjf~d ~dbAopn! jkn ~orcd ko~ ~db rkcabjk ~dfkg< jkn F wfaapbcbfub vor! Jkn wfaa `b j Ej~dbp rk~o vor! jkn vbsdjaa `b iv soks jkn njrgd~bps! sjf~d ~db Aopn

Jaifgd~v’ $0 Copfk~dfjks 5=:>):4&+

$^dfs s~rnv ok s~jknfkg ~ogb~dbp op djkgfkg sbxjpj~bav fs

`v Nbkkfs Cos~baaj! Nfpbc~op oe ~db Erknjibk~ja

Bujkgbafs~fc Jssocfj~fok! Aos Osos! Cjafeopkfj+ Rsbn `v

xbpifssfok+&

5>



Sdoo~fkg ~db Worknbn

F djub epbzrbk~av dbjpn ~db jccrsj~fok ~dj~ xpbjcdbps wdo

gfub wjpkfkgs jòr~ Cdpfs~fjk abjnbps jpb grfa~v oe

‑sdoo~fkg ~dbfp owk worknbn+’

Eop btjixab! F pbcbfubn ~db eoaaowfkg b)ijfa ~dj~ cdjpgbn

ib wf~d nofkg ~dfs fk pbgjpn ~o jk btdop~j~fok F xràfsdbn

jòr~ Cajpbkcb Sbt~ok‖s Epfbknsdfx Cokebpbkcbs+

‑F ji nbbxav rxsb~ j~ ~db xpfuj~b ab~~bp vor xos~bn okvorp wb`sf~b ~o Np+ Sbt~ok+ ^djkls eop sdoo~fkg vorp owk jkn ko~ cjaafkg Xjs~op Sbt~ok xbpsokjaav ~o gb~ jaaoe ~db ejc~s+’

^db ejc~ fs ~dj~ F djn sbk~ ~dj~ ab~~bp ~o Np+ Sbt~ok ufj dfs

owk wb`sf~b iok~ds `beopb F xràfsdbn f~! jkn F pbcbfubn ko

pbxav+ F eorkn or~ aj~bp ~dj~ db sjvs ~dj~ db nobsk‖~ rsb b)

ijfa! jkn ~dj~ fs efkb! `r~ db coran djub nfc~j~bn j pbxav ~o

okb oe dfs ijkv co)woplbps op sbcpb~jpfbs+

Jko~dbp btjixab oe ~db jccrsj~fok oe ‑sdoo~fkg ~db

worknbn’ fs cok~jfkbn fk ~db eoaaowfkg b)ijfa ~dj~ F

pbcbfubn j ebw vbjps jgo=

‑F gpbw rx fk Irpepbbsòpo! ^K jkn wjs jkn ji s~faajssocfj~bn wf~d ~db Swopn oe ~db Aopn jkn ~db @faa PfcbPjkcd+ F dj~bn f~ ~dbk jkn s~faa no wdbk j Cdpfs~fjk`po~dbp `jsdbs jko~dbp Cdpfs~fjk `po~dbp oubp ~dfkgsfks~bjn oe xpbjcdfkg jkn ~pvfkg ~o wfk soras ~o Cdpfs~+ F~fs sjfn ~dj~ ~db Cdpfs~fjk Jpiv fs ~db okav jpiv ~dj~s~j`s f~s worknbn jkn lfaas oee f~s owk+ F djub ~o sjv f~fs ubpv ~prb+ F ji jaso j Ijpfkb! jkn wb wbpb ~jrgd~ ~oxfcl rx ~dosb wdo jpb worknbn jkn bubk nbjn! ko~

abjub ~dbi ~o nfb op ~o `b ir~faj~bn `v ~db bkbiv+ Wbjs Cdpfs~fjks no mrs~ ~db oxxosf~b ijkv ~fibs+’

Wdj~ nobs ‑sdoo~fkg ~dbfp owk worknbn’ ibjk?

52



Fe f~ ibjks ~dj~ Cdpfs~fjks soib~fibs ejfa ~o `b xj~fbk~ wf~d

~db wbjl! wb cjk jaa xpo`jàv sjv ~dj~ wb djub `bbk grfa~v+

Fe f~ ibjks ~dj~ Cdpfs~fjks soib~fibs jpb ~oo zrfcl ~o

cpf~fcf}b j ebaaow `bafbubp fks~bjn oe ~pvfkg ~o dbax dfi! f~

djxxbks ~oo oe~bk< jkn wb kbbn ~o `b pbifknbn ~dj~ Gon fs

ko~ xabjsbn wf~d srcd ~dfkgs+

Fe! ok ~db o~dbp djkn! ‑sdoo~fkg ~db worknbn’ ibjks ~dj~ f~

fs wpokg eop j xpbjcdbp ~o wjpk jòr~ fkearbk~fja ibk wdo

jpb ~bjcdfkg bppop op wjalfkg fk coixpoifsb! f~ fs

rkscpfx~rpja koksbksb+

Fk iv xràfc wjpkfkgs! F djub kbubp fkmrpbn j worknbn

xbpsok jkn F djub kbubp sdo~ jkvokb fk jkv sbksb

wdj~sobubp+ ô cdjpgb ib wf~d nofkg so fs ~o cokersb

`fàfcja wjpkfkg! pbxpooe! jkn coppbc~fok wf~d jssjra~+

F wjs fk ~db jpiv jkn F djub s~rnfbn ~db ifaf~jpv jkn F

rknbps~jkn ~db ifaf~jpv! jkn wdj~ F ji nofkg djs j`soar~bav

ko~dfkg ~o no wf~d sdoo~fkg okb‖s owk worknbn+

^db abjnbps ~dj~ F wjpk jòr~ jpb ko~ worknbn* ^dbv jpb

wfaaeraav jkn s~bjnejs~av coiif~~bn ~o bppop op coixpoifsb

fk sxf~b oe djufkg `bbk wjpkbn! jkn ~dbv jpb fkearbkcfkg

o~dbps+

@v ~db wjv! ~dbv nok‖~ ifkn ‑sdoo~fkg’ `jcl*

^db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ ~jrgd~ Dfs xboxab ~o `bwjpb oe ejasb

xpoxdb~s $Ij~+ 7=:2&+ Wdbk j xpbjcdbp o`bvs ~dfs

coiijkn jkn j~~bix~s ~o ijpl jkn wjpk oe ejasb ~bjcdbps!

fs db ‑sdoo~fkg ~db worknbn’? Oe corpsb ko~! `r~ ~dosb dbwjpks jòr~ jkn ~dosb wdo jpb svixj~db~fc ~o ~dbi wfaa

cdjpgb dfi wf~d nofkg so+

55



Fk : jkn 0 ^fio~dv! ~db jxos~ab Xjra kjibs ~db kjibs oe

ejasb ~bjcdbps jkn coixpoifsbps :8 nfeebpbk~ ~fibs fk dfs

wjpkfkgs $: ^fi+ :=08< 0 ^fi+ :=:2< 0=:7< 3=4< >=:8! :>&+

Jaa oe ~db ibk ~dj~ Xjra wjpkbn jòr~ cajfibn ~o `b

Cdpfs~fjks jkn f~ fs aflbav ~dj~ ~dbv eba~ ~dj~ Xjra wjs `bfkg

rkejfp jkn ibjk)sxfpf~bn fk sfkgafkg ~dbi or~+

Wdbk Xjra wjpkbn ^fio~dv ~dj~ Nbijs djn j`jknokbn

dfi `bcjrsb db aoubn ~dfs xpbsbk~ wopan $0 ^fi+ >=:8&! Xjra

wjs ko~ sdoo~fkg j~ j worknbn ijk+ Nbijs djn `bbk j

ifkfs~bp oe ~db gosxba! j co)woplbp wf~d Xjra! `r~ db ijnb

j wfaaera cdofcb ~o cjs~ dfs ao~ ~owjpn ~db wopan+ Db djn ko

btcrsb! jkn db wjs fkearbkcfkg o~dbps+ Nor`~abss db djn

`bbk wjpkbn! `r~ db pbijfkbn s~bjnejs~ fk dfs coixpoifsb+

Ko~b ~dj~ Xjra nfnk‖~ sjv ~dj~ Nbijs djn abe~ Cdpfs~fjkf~v<

db djn okav abe~ Xjra+ ^dfs xpo`jàv ibjks ~dj~ Nbijs wjscoixpoifsfkg dfs ifkfs~pv wf~d ~db wopan je~bp ~db ejsdfok

oe ~db noc~pfkb oe @jajji $Pbu+ 0=:>& jkn ~db ~bjcdfkg oe

Mb}b`ba $Pbu+ 0=08&+ F~ jxxbjps ~dj~ db wjs okb oe ~db bjpav

xpoxokbk~s oe jk ‑bibpgfkg cdrpcd!’ jpgrfkg ~dj~ Xjra‖s

Cdpfs~fjkf~v wjs ~oo s~pfc~! ~oo sbxjpj~fs~fc! ~oo fkbeebc~fub!

jkn ~dj~ wb kbbn ~o jnjx~ orpsbaubs ~o ~db wopan ‑j `f~’ ~o

pbjcd xboxab+

^db Aopn djs coiijknbn ~db jssbiàfbs ~o btbpcfsb

nfscfxafkb ~owjpn rkpbxbk~jk~ cdrpcd ibi`bps wdo jpb

coiif~~bn ~o gposs sfk jkn bppop $: Copfk~dfjks 2< ^f~rs

3=:8! ::&+ Fs ~dj~ sdoo~fkg ~db worknbn? F~ fs oe~bk~fibs

coksfnbpbn ~o `b so `v ~dosb wdo jpb ~db o`mbc~s oe ~db

nfscfxafkb jkn `v ~dosb wdo jpb svixj~db~fc ~o ~dbi< `r~ xpoxbp cdrpcd nfscfxafkb! ~dorgd sbubpb! fs ko~ nbs~prc~fub+

F~ djs ~db ~dpbb)eoan goja oe gaopfevfkg Cdpfs~ fk Dfs cdrpcd!

57



xrpfevfkg ~db cokgpbgj~fok! jkn `pfkgfkg ~db sfkkbp ~o

pbxbk~jkcb+

^db Aopn djs fks~prc~bn rs ~o sbxjpj~b epoi ~dosb wdo jpbsjubn `r~ jpb wjalfkg fk nfso`bnfbkcb $0 ^dbss+ 3=5&+ Fs

~dj~ sdoo~fkg ~db worknbn?

F~ oe~bk djxxbks ~dj~ ~dosb wdo jpb nfso`bnfbk~ ifs~jlb

`fàfcja coppbc~fok eop xbpsbcr~fok jkn cokersb `fàfcja

pbxpooe wf~d xbpsokja jssjra~+

Xjra pb`rlbn sfk fk ~db cdrpcdbs fk ab~~bps ~dj~ wbpb

jkv~dfkg `r~ xpfuj~b+ Dfs bxfs~abs ~o ~db fknfufnrja cdrpcdbs

wbpb nfs~pf`r~bn jiokg jaa ~db cdrpcdbs $Coaossfjks >=:5&+

^dbpbeopb! wdbk Xjra ~oan oe dow ~dj~ Nbijs djn abe~ dfi!

djufkg aoubn ~dfs xpbsbk~ wopan! f~ wjs j xràfc ij~~bp+

Wdbk db pb`rlbn ~db `bafbubps j~ Copfk~d eop ~dbfp sfk jkn

coixpoifsb jkn bppop! f~ wjs j xràfc ij~~bp+ Wdbk db

wjpkbn oe Jabtjknbp ~db Coxxbpsif~d! f~ wjs j xràfc

wjpkfkg+

Soib ij~~bps jpb xpfuj~b jkn ~dbv sdoran `b nbja~ wf~d

xpfuj~bav! `r~ o~dbp ij~~bps jpb xràfc jkn sdoran `b nbja~

wf~d xràfcav+

Fe j ijk djs j xràfc ifkfs~pv ~dj~ fkearbkcbs o~dbps! ~dj~

ifkfs~pv sdoran `b cpf~fzrbn xràfcav+

Bujkgbafs~ Cdrcl Coe~v fs j dfgdav nbcopj~bn Rkf~bn S~j~bs

Ijpfkb oeefcbp wdo srpufubn sdoclfkg `j~~abefban

btxbpfbkcbs+ Sfkcb db rknbps~jkns ~dbsb ij~~bps! ò~d epoi

~db sfnb oe ~db xdvsfcja jkn oe ~db sxfpf~rja! F jslbn dfi ~opbxav ~o ~db jccrsj~fok fk ~db b)ijfa ~dj~ F zro~bn j~ ~db

`bgfkkfkg oe ~dfs cdjx~bp+

Eoaaowfkg fs dfs pbxav=

54



‑Nbjp @po~dbp Caorn= ô iv lkowabngb vor djub ko~s~prcl jkvokb ufoabk~av op fkmrpbn ~dbi `v s~pflfkg+ Dbko nor`~ fs pbebppfkg ~o ~db ijkv ~pr~ds ~dj~ jxxbjp fkvorp wpf~fkgs js wbaa js ~db wpf~fkgs oe o~dbpscokcbpkfkg cok~bixopjpv ~dboaogv ~dj~ vor zro~b+Soib! xbpdjxs bubk ~dfs ijk! jpb so ~fifn ~dj~ wdbk~pr~d fs pbubjabn ~dbv efkn f~ nfeefcra~ ~o jccbx~ jkn wfknrx ~oabpj~fkg bppop op fgkopjkcb eop ebjp oe oeebknfkgsoibokb+ Wdbk ibk jpb kjibn! xajcbs fnbk~fefbn jknbppop pbubjabn! f~ fs rxsb~~fkg ~o ~dosb ~dj~ jpb—ionbpj~b‖ fk ~dbfp xosf~fok+ @po~dbp Caorn! f~ fs ~prb ~dj~ijpfkbs kbubp abjub ~dbfp nbjn ok ~db efban oe `j~~abjkn wfaa ok occjsfok pbknbp jfn ~o j worknbn bkbiv+^dfs dowbubp fs sf~rj~fokja jkn coknf~fokja js wb wfaako~ jaaow srcd jfn ~o bkcri`bp rs! saow rs nowk!nb~bp rs epoi orp ifssfok op mboxjpnf}b orp srccbss+Orp nbsfpb ~o sbpub orp nbjp Aopn irs~ `b ~db sjib+ Fxbpsokjaav ~dfkl ~dj~ ~dfs nbjp `po~dbp‖s jkjaogv fs xoop jkn dfs jccrsj~fok rkeorknbn+’

Xjs~op Wfa`bp~ Rkgbp oe @b~dba @jx~fs~ Cdrpcd! Aoknok!

Ok~jpfo! o`sbpubs=

‑Wjs orp Aopn sdoo~fkg ~db efps~ cbk~rpv cdrpcdbs fkPbubaj~fok 0 jkn 3 wdbk Db wjalbn fk ~dbfp ifns~ jknbtxosbn ~dbfp sfks jkn ejfarpbs! jkn coiijknbn ~dbi~o pbxbk~? ^db lfknbs~ jkn ios~ `fàfcja ~dfkg j ejf~derasbpujk~ oe Gon cjk no fs btxosb rkscpfx~rpja coknrc~~o abjn ~o pbxbk~jkcb! abs~ Gon s~bx fk jkn mrngbsbubpbav jkn cdjs~bk fk j ios~ sbubpb ijkkbp+ F ~dfkl

~db wops~ cdjs~bkfkg ~dj~ wb Fknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~scoran pbcbfub epoi ~db djkn oe Gon fs fe Db woran mrs~abjub rs jaokb jkn ab~ rs go ok fk orp coixpoifsb+ Wbjpb so `bk~ ok btja~fkg ijk jkn afgd~av bs~bbifkg ~dbWopn oe Gon+ Okb njv! wb wfaa `b aflb Sjisok wdbk f~fs sjfn! —db wfs~ ko~ ~dj~ ~db Aopn djn nbxjp~bn epoidfi‖ $Mrngbs :5=08&+ Ijv Gon `b gpjcfors jkn wjlbrs rx ~o afs~bk ~o ~db pb`rlb oe ~dosb wdo sbb ~db bppop fk orp ejf~d jkn xpjc~fcb+ Ko ijk fs jòub pb`rlb+ Ijv

wb coib ~o sbb ~db aoub jkn gpjcb fk ~dosb wdo woran`b so lfkn js ~o pb`rlb rs+’

56



^db Aopn Aools ok ~db Dbjp~

‑Jkn f~ cjib ~o xjss! wdbk ~dbv wbpb coib! ~dj~ db

aoolbn ok Bafj`! jkn sjfn! Srpbav ~db AOPN'S jkofk~bnfs `beopb dfi+ @r~ ~db AOPN sjfn rk~o Sjirba! Aoolko~ ok dfs cork~bkjkcb! op ok ~db dbfgd~ oe dfs s~j~rpb<`bcjrsb F djub pbersbn dfi= eop ~db AOPN sbb~d ko~js ijk sbb~d< eop ijk aoolb~d ok ~db or~wjpnjxxbjpjkcb! `r~ ~db AOPN aoolb~d ok ~db dbjp~’ $:Sjirba :5=5)7&+

^dosb wdo jpb coiif~~bn ~o ~db cok~bixopjpv xdfaosoxdv

oe~bk rsb ~dfs ubpsb js j xpooe ~bt~ eop ~dbfp noc~pfkb ~dj~ ~db

bt~bpkja fs rkfixop~jk~+ ^db Cdpfs~fjk pocl cpown rsbs f~ ~o

nbebkn ~dbfp dj`f~ oe xj~~bpkfkg ~dbfp ejsdfok jkn nbibjkop

je~bp sbcrajp poclbps+ ‑Gon aools ok ~db dbjp~!’ ~dbv sjv!

‑so nok‖~ woppv j`or~ ~db or~wjpn jxxbjpjkcb+’

@r~ : Sjirba :5=5)7 djs ko~dfkg ~o no wf~d npbss+ F~ djs ~o

no wf~d okb‖s kj~rpja jxxbjpjkcb< f~ djs ~o no wf~d s~j~rpb

jkn cork~bkjkcb+ Sjirba ~dorgd~ Gon djn cdosbk Bafj`!

Njufn‖s oanbs~ `po~dbp $: Sji+ :7=:3! 04&! ~o `b ~db lfkg

`bcjrsb oe dfs fixpbssfub jxxbjpjkcb! `r~ Gon ~oan dfi

~dj~ Db nobs ko~ sbabc~ ibk eop sbpufcb `jsbn ok dow ~dbv

aool `r~ ok ~db coknf~fok oe ~dbfp dbjp~s+ ^dfs fs s~faa ~db

`jsfs rxok wdfcd Gon cjaas ibk ~onjv+ F~ nobsk‖~ ij~~bp dow ~jaa j ijk fs op dow kj~rpjaav nfs~fkgrfsdbn db ifgd~

aool op dow ircd oe j kj~rpja abjnbp db jxxbjps ~o `b op

dow fixpbssfub dfs sxbjlfkg uofcb+ Xdvsfcja cdjpjc~bpfs~fcs

jpb ko~ Gon‖s s~jknjpn+

^o rsb ~dfs ubpsb ~o srxxop~ ~db fnbj ~dj~ f~ nobs ko~ ij~~bp

wdj~ j Cdpfs~fjk wbjps op dow db aools fs ~o pfx f~ or~ oe f~scok~bt~ jkn ijlb f~ ~o sjv soib~dfkg ~dj~ f~ nobs ko~ bubk

dfk~ j~+

78



Fk ejc~! ~db ubpsb xajfkav s~j~bs ~dj~ ijk aools ok ~db

or~wjpn jxxbjpjkcb! jkn f~ fs eop ~dfs ubpv pbjsok ~dj~ npbss

ij~~bps+ ^db ejc~ ~dj~ ijk fs ubpv ufsrja fk dfs sbtrjaf~v

jkn fs nbbxav bk~fcbn `v ~db ebijab efgrpb ibjks ~dj~ npbss

ij~~bps+ Fe j woijk nobs ko~ npbss fk j ionbs~ jkn doav

ijkkbp `r~ npbssbs pj~dbp fk ~db j~~fpb oe jk djpao~ ~o

bixdjsf}b dbp xdvsfcja jssb~s $Xpou+ 7=:8&! bf~dbp `v

wbjpfkg ~oo af~~ab cao~dfkg op `v wbjpfkg dbp cao~dfkg so

~fgd~ so ~dj~ dbp efgrpb fs rknrav dfgdafgd~bn! sdb fs srpbav

jccork~jàb eop cok~pf`r~fkg ~o ijk‖s sfkera ars~ $Ij~+2=04&+

Fe Gon cjpbs ko~dfkg jòr~ dow Dfs xboxab npbss! ~db @fàb

woran sjv ko~dfkg jòr~ f~! `r~ fk ejc~ f~ nobs+

Fk ~db ubpv `bgfkkfkg! je~bp ijk sfkkbn! Gon pbmbc~bn dfs

efg)abjub jxpoks jkn cao~dbn ~db ijk jkn ~db woijk wf~dcoj~s $Gbk+ 3=7! 0:&+

^db Iosjfc Ajw eop`jnb ibk jkn woibk ~o npbss aflb ~db

oxxosf~b sbt+

‑^db woijk sdjaa ko~ wbjp ~dj~ wdfcd xbp~jfkb~d rk~oj ijk! kbf~dbp sdjaa j ijk xr~ ok j woijk's gjpibk~=

eop jaa ~dj~ no so jpb jòifkj~fok rk~o ~db AOPN ~dvGon’ $Nbr~+ 00=2&+

^db @fàb eop`fns jkv sop~ oe kjlbnkbss jkn nbefkbs f~ bubk

js rkcoubpfkg ~db abg jkn `jpfkg ~db ~dfgd $Fsj+ >7=0)3&+

^db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ sjvs Cdpfs~fjk woibk jpb ~o npbss

ionbs~av $: ^fi+ 0=6&+ F~ sjvs woibk sdoran djub aokg djfp

jkn ibk sdop~ djfp $: Cop+ ::&+

Fknbbn! ~db Aopn aools ok ~db dbjp~! `r~ ijk aools ok ~db

or~wjpn jxxbjpjkcb! so ab~‖s `b cokcbpkbn wf~d ò~d+

7:



‑Djufkg ~dbpbeopb ~dbsb xpoifsbs! nbjpav `baoubn! ab~ rs

cabjksb orpsbaubs epoi jaa efa~dfkbss oe ~db eabsd jkn sxfpf~!

xbpebc~fkg doafkbss fk ~db ebjp oe Gon’ $0 Copfk~dfjks 7=:&+

70



Fk Dbjubk ^ogb~dbp

Ijkv djub wpf~~bk ~o cdjaabkgb ib wf~d soib~dfkg jaokg

~db afkbs oe ~db eoaaowfkg=

‑Vor sxbkn vorp ~fib wjpkfkg j`or~ ~dfs Cdpfs~fjk jkn~dj~ Cdpfs~fjk< nok‖~ vor pbjaf}b ~dj~ wb wfaa jaa `b~ogb~dbp fk dbjubk? Wdv cjk‖~ wb ~dbk gb~ jaokg okbjp~d?’

^db sfixab jkswbp ~o ~dfs fs ~dj~ wb wfaa `b xbpebc~bn fk

dbjubk! `r~ ~dj~ cbp~jfkav fs ko~ ~prb ok bjp~d+ Fk dbjubk

~dbpb wfaa `b ko ejasb ~bjcdfkg op wopanafkbss op sxfpf~rja

coixpoifsb+ ^dbpb wfaa `b ko~dfkg ~o pbxpoub+

Ibjkwdfab! wb jpbk‖~ fk dbjubk vb~+ ^dj~ fs ~db swbb~ `v

jkn `v! jkn wb vbjpk ~o `b ~dbpb! `r~ fk ~db ibjk ~fib wb

afub fk ~db kjs~v kow jkn kow+

Jkn fk ~db kjs~v kow jkn kow Gon djs coiijknbn rs ~o

bjpkbs~av cok~bkn eop ~db ejf~d jkn ~o pbxpoub ~db wopls oe

njplkbss jkn ~o no ijkv o~dbp ~dfkgs ~dj~ wb wok‖~ `b

nofkg fk dbjubk+

73



Af`bp~v jkn Erk

Fk ~db kjib oe ‑epbbnoi!’ xboxab epbzrbk~av abjub goon

@fàb)`bafbufkg cdrpcdbs ~o mofk okb oe ~db aoosbp! bjsv)

gofkg cokgpbgj~foks ~dj~ jòrkn fk ~dbsb jxos~j~b ~fibs+

Coiiokav! ~dbv jpb ajcljnjfsfcja jòr~ cdrpcd j~~bknjkcb!

xr~~fkg iopb bixdjsfs rxok xbpsokja jkn ejifav pbajtj~fok

jkn pbcpbj~fok! rxok sxop~s jkn ~db gpbj~ or~noops jkn jk

bknabss ujpfb~v oe erk+ ^dbv btcdjkgb ~dbfp ebifkfkb

npbssbs eop xjk~s jkn sdop~s jkn o~dbp fiionbs~ j~~fpb! bubk mofkfkg ~db kbjp)kjlbn cpown j~ ~db xooasfnb jkn ok ~db

`bjcdbs+ ^dbv ~pjnb ~db sjcpbn dviks oe ~db ejf~d eop mj}}v

cdjpfsij~fc ‑xpjfsb’ irsfc jkn Cdpfs~fjk pocl+ ^dbv

nbubaox j iopb ~oabpjk~ j~~f~rnb ~owjpn noc~pfkb!

bixdjsf}fkg! fks~bjn! ‑aoub’ jkn ‑rkf~v!’ ebaaowsdfxxfkg

wf~d jkvokb wdo ‑aoubs Mbsrs+’ Js ~dbv xrpsrb ~dfs kbw

xj~d! ~dbfp bcribkfcja svixj~dfbs jkn jxxb~f~b eop ‑af`bp~v’

fkcpbjsbs! js nobs ~dbfp jubpsfok ~o `fàfcja sbxjpj~fok+

Wdbk jslbn jòr~ ~db cdjkgb! ~dbv sjv= ‑F ebba iopb af`bp~v

kow! iopb aoub< F ji djufkg erk< F ji gajn ~o `b epbb oe

abgjafsi< F nok‖~ dbjp cpf~fcfsi j~ iv cdrpcd< ko okb mrngbs

wdj~ o~dbps no+ F~‖s j `pbj~d oe epbsd jfp+ Wb‖pb efkjaav epbb

oe Xdjpfsjfcja òknjgb+’

^dporgd ~db vbjps! F djub wf~kbssbn wf~d soppow j kri`bp

oe Cdpfs~fjk epfbkns wdo wbpb cjx~rpbn fk ~dfs eabsdav ~pjx+

^dbv jpb cokersbn jòr~ ~db kj~rpb oe `fàfcja Cdpfs~fjkf~v!

djufkg `bbk wfaaeraav bk~fcbn `v ~db sfpbk sokg oe ~db ‑afub

jccopnfkg ~o vorp owk ars~s’ xdfaosoxdv oe jxos~jsv $0^fi+ >=3)>&+

7>



Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg @fàb xpbjcdbps wdosb sbpioks

wbpb pbcopnbn `v nfufkb fksxfpj~fok+ Woran j xbpsok wdo

eocrsbs ok af`bp~v jkn erk `b coieop~jàb rknbp srcd

xpbjcdfkg?

Mjibs

‑Vb jnra~bpbps jkn jnra~bpbssbs! lkow vb ko~ ~dj~ ~dbepfbknsdfx oe ~db wopan fs bkif~v wf~d Gon? wdosobubp ~dbpbeopb wfaa `b j epfbkn oe ~db wopan fs ~db bkbiv oe Gon’ $Mjibs >=>&+

Modk ~db Nfscfxab

‑Aoub ko~ ~db wopan! kbf~dbp ~db ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb fk ~dbwopan+ Fe jkv ijk aoub ~db wopan! ~db aoub oe ~db Ej~dbp fs ko~ fk dfi+ Eop jaa ~dj~ fs fk ~db wopan! ~db ars~ oe ~dbeabsd! jkn ~db ars~ oe ~db bvbs! jkn ~db xpfnb oe afeb! fsko~ oe ~db Ej~dbp! `r~ fs oe ~db wopan+ Jkn ~db wopanxjssb~d jwjv! jkn ~db ars~ ~dbpboe= `r~ db ~dj~ nob~d

~db wfaa oe Gon j`fnb~d eop bubp’ $: Modk 0=:2):7&+

Modk ~db @jx~fs~

‑@r~ wdbk db sjw ijkv oe ~db Xdjpfsbbs jknSjnnrcbbs coib ~o dfs `jx~fsi! db sjfn rk~o ~dbi! Ogbkbpj~fok oe ufxbps! wdo dj~d wjpkbn vor ~o eabb epoi~db wpj~d ~o coib? @pfkg eop~d ~dbpbeopb eprf~s ibb~ eop pbxbk~jkcb= Jkn ~dfkl ko~ ~o sjv wf~dfk vorpsbaubs! Wbdjub J`pjdji ~o orp ej~dbp= eop F sjv rk~o vor! ~dj~Gon fs jàb oe ~dbsb s~okbs ~o pjfsb rx cdfanpbk rk~o

J`pjdji+ Jkn kow jaso ~db jt fs ajfn rk~o ~db poo~ oe ~db ~pbbs= ~dbpbeopb bubpv ~pbb wdfcd `pfkgb~d ko~ eop~dgoon eprf~ fs dbwk nowk! jkn cjs~ fk~o ~db efpb’ $Ij~~+3=7):8&+

Xb~bp

‑Js o`bnfbk~ cdfanpbk! ko~ ejsdfokfkg vorpsbaubsjccopnfkg ~o ~db eopibp ars~s fk vorp fgkopjkcb= @r~ jsdb wdfcd dj~d cjaabn vor fs doav! so `b vb doav fk jaaijkkbp oe cokubpsj~fok< @bcjrsb f~ fs wpf~~bk! @b vbdoav< eop F ji doav+ Jkn fe vb cjaa ok ~db Ej~dbp! wdo

72



wf~dor~ pbsxbc~ oe xbpsoks mrngb~d jccopnfkg ~o bubpvijk‖s wopl! xjss ~db ~fib oe vorp somorpkfkg dbpb fkebjp’ $: Xb~bp :=:>):7&+

Xjra

‑Ab~ ko ijk nbcbfub vor wf~d ujfk wopns= eop `bcjrsboe ~dbsb ~dfkgs coib~d ~db wpj~d oe Gon rxok ~dbcdfanpbk oe nfso`bnfbkcb+ @b ko~ vb ~dbpbeopb xjp~jlbpswf~d ~dbi+ Eop vb wbpb soib~fibs njplkbss! `r~ kowjpb vb afgd~ fk ~db Aopn= wjal js cdfanpbk oe afgd~= $Eop ~db eprf~ oe ~db Sxfpf~ fs fk jaa goonkbss jkn

pfgd~borskbss jkn ~pr~d<& Xpoufkg wdj~ fs jccbx~jàbrk~o ~db Aopn+ Jkn djub ko ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~dbrkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss! `r~ pj~dbp pbxpoub~dbi’ $Bxdbsfjks 2=5)::&+

‑Eop ~db gpjcb oe Gon ~dj~ `pfkgb~d sjauj~fok dj~djxxbjpbn ~o jaa ibk! ^bjcdfkg rs ~dj~! nbkvfkgrkgonafkbss jkn wopanav ars~s! wb sdoran afub so`bpav!pfgd~borsav! jkn gonav! fk ~dfs xpbsbk~ wopan< Aoolfkg

eop ~dj~ àbssbn doxb! jkn ~db gaopfors jxxbjpfkg oe ~db gpbj~ Gon jkn orp Sjuforp Mbsrs Cdpfs~< Wdo gjubdfisbae eop rs! ~dj~ db ifgd~ pbnbbi rs epoi jaa fkfzrf~v!jkn xrpfev rk~o dfisbae j xbcrafjp xboxab! }bjaors oe goon wopls’ $^f~rs 0=::):>&+

^dbsb ibk no ko~ sorkn aflb cok~bixopjpv af`bp~v)erk sop~

oe grvs! ~o ib+ ^dbv xpbjcdbn af`bp~v epoi b~bpkja

nbs~prc~fok ~dporgd ~db àoon oe Cdpfs~! `r~ ~dbv nfn ko~

xpbjcd af`bp~v ~o afub js okb xabjsbs+

^db ~bpi ‑af`bp~v’ fs rsbn fk ò~d wjvs fk ~db òol oe

Gjaj~fjks+ Xjra pbebps ~o ~db `bafbubp‖s af`bp~v epoi j wopls

gosxba $Gja+ 0=>&! `r~ db wjpks oe rsfkg Cdpfs~fjk af`bp~v js

jk ‑occjsfok eop ~db eabsd+’

‑Eop! `pb~dpbk! vb djub `bbk cjaabn rk~o af`bp~v< OKAVRSB KO^ AF@BP^V EOP JK OCCJSFOK Ô ^DBEABSD! `r~ `v aoub sbpub okb jko~dbp’ $Gja+ 2=:3&+

75



^db Cdpfs~fjk djs ko af`bp~v ~o wjal fk jkv ~vxb oe

rkdoafkbss! ko af`bp~v eop iopja aoosbkbss! ko af`bp~v ~o

aoub jkn cokeopi ~o ~db wopan! ko af`bp~v ~o ebaaowsdfx

wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls oe njplkbss+

ô ~db af`bp~v)erk Cdpfs~fjk! dfs xbpsokja epbbnoi fs j

erknjibk~ja fssrb fk ~db nbcfsfoks db ijlbs jòr~ njfav

afufkg+ ô ~db @fàb)`bafbufkg Cdpfs~fjk! Gon‖s xabjsrpb jkn

~db bnfefcj~fok oe Gon‖s xboxab jkn ~db sjauj~fok oe ~db

rksjubn fs ~db erknjibk~ja fssrb+

^dbpb fs ko bixdjsfs rxok ‑erk’ fk ~db @fàb+ ^db

bixdjsfs fs rxok rkzrbs~fokfkg o`bnfbkcb! bt~pbib

sxfpf~rja cjr~fok! nvfkg ~o sbae jkn `bfkg nbuo~bn ~o Gon‖s

xbpebc~ wfaa! wjalfkg fk ~db ebjp oe Gon! sxo~abss sbxjpj~fok

epoi ~db wopan+ ^db Cdpfs~fjk fs nbxfc~bn js j soanfbp fk j

wjp $0 ^fi+ 0=3)>&+ J goon soanfbp fs ko~ io~fuj~bn ~obtbpcfsb dfs ‑pfgd~s’ ~o xrpsrb af`bp~v jkn erk< db fs wfaafkg

~o ijlb bubpv kbcbssjpv sjcpfefcb jkn ~o o`bv bubpv

coiijkn so ~dj~ ~db cokeafc~ ifgd~ `b wok+ Pbebppfkg ~o

~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb! jk oan sokg wfsbav sjvs! ‑F~‖s j

`j~~abefban! `po~dbp! ko~ j pbcpbj~fok pooi! j efgd~ jkn ko~ j

gjib+’

^db xpbuforsav zro~bn @fàb xpbjcdbps sorkn aflb ~db ‑oan)

ejsdfokbn’ @fàb)`bafbufkg ibk oe Gon oe xjs~ gbkbpj~foks

wdo pjfabn jgjfks~ sfk jkn bppop jkn cjaabn Gon‖s xboxab ~o

doafkbss jkn sbxjpj~fok epoi ~dfs wfclbn wopan+ ^db

jubpjgb cok~bixopjpv Cdpfs~fjk ~onjv fs ko~ coieop~jàb

rknbp ~dfs ~vxb oe xpbjcdfkg+ Fe ~dbsb doav ibk oe oan wbpb

~o s~jkn `beopb ~dbi jkn xpbjcd ~db ubpv ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpbpbcopnbn fk orp @fàbs! ko nor`~ ~dbv woran `b aj`babn

mrngibk~ja! erk)dj~fkg! ibjk)sxfpf~bn abgjafs~s+

77



Sjnav! ~dosb wdo jpb cpvfkg eop af`bp~v jkn erk jpb

nbscpf`bn fk 0 ^fio~dv >=3)> ))

‑Eop ~db ~fib wfaa coib wdbk ~dbv wfaa ko~ bknrpbsorkn noc~pfkb< `r~ je~bp ~dbfp owk ars~s sdjaa ~dbvdbjx ~o ~dbisbaubs ~bjcdbps! djufkg f~cdfkg bjps< Jkn~dbv sdjaa ~rpk jwjv ~dbfp bjps epoi ~db ~pr~d! jkn sdjaa`b ~rpkbn rk~o ejàbs+’

^dbv sbjpcd or~ ~bjcdbps wdo wfaa xpbjcd j iopb xosf~fub

Cdpfs~fjkf~v jkn wdo wfaa bkcorpjgb ~dbfp fnoaj~pv oe ‑erk’

jkn ~dbfp vbjpkfkgs eop cjpkja ‑af`bp~v’ fk ~db xrpsrf~ oe ~dberaefaaibk~ oe ~dbfp owk ars~s+

: Copfk~dfjks 5=:0 jkn :8=03

Soibokb ifgd~ pbxav! ‑@r~ @po~dbp Caorn! jpbk‖~ vor

eopgb~~fkg : Copfk~dfjks 5=:0 jkn :8=03?’ Ab~‖s coksfnbp

~db ubpsbs fk ~dbfp cok~bt~=: Copfk~dfjks 5=:0):3 )) ‑Jaa ~dfkgs jpb ajwera rk~o ib!`r~ jaa ~dfkgs jpb ko~ btxbnfbk~= jaa ~dfkgs jpb ajwera eop ib! `r~ F wfaa ko~ `b `porgd~ rknbp ~db xowbp oe jkv+Ibj~s eop ~db `baav! jkn ~db `baav eop ibj~s= `r~ Gonsdjaa nbs~pov ò~d f~ jkn ~dbi+ Kow ~db ònv fs ko~ eop eopkfcj~fok! `r~ eop ~db Aopn< jkn ~db Aopn eop ~db ònv+’

: Copfk~dfjks :8=03)0> )) ‑Jaa ~dfkgs jpb ajwera eop ib!`r~ jaa ~dfkgs jpb ko~ btxbnfbk~= jaa ~dfkgs jpb ajwera eop ib! `r~ jaa ~dfkgs bnfev ko~+ Ab~ ko ijk sbbl dfs owk!`r~ bubpv ijk jko~dbp‖s wbja~d+’

^dbsb ubpsbs jpb epbzrbk~av ifsrsbn `v ~dosb wdo nbsfpb

af`bp~v ~o eraefaa ~dbfp cjpkja nbsfpbs+ ^dbsb woran djub rs

`bafbub ~dj~ ~db jxos~ab Xjra fs sjvfkg ~db Cdpfs~fjk djs

af`bp~v ~o wbjp fiionbs~ cao~dfkg jkn ~o wj~cd fknbcbk~ioufbs jkn ~o poix kbjp kjlbn j~ ~db `bjcd jkn eop woibk

~o s~pr~ jporkn fk ~dbfp ~fgd~ xjk~s jkn ~o fiibpsb okbsbae

fk bubpv sop~ oe pocl irsfc jkn ~o ebaaowsdfx caosbav wf~d

74



jkvokb wdo sjvs db ‑aoubs Mbsrs’ pbgjpnabss oe dfs

noc~pfkja `bafbes! b~c+

Fs ~dj~ wdj~ Xjra ibjk~ `v ~db s~j~bibk~ ‑jaa ~dfkgs jpbajwera rk~o ib’? @v ko ibjks* Oùforsav ~dbpb jpb

afif~j~foks ~o ~db Cdpfs~fjk‖s af`bp~v! sfkcb ~db Kbw

^bs~jibk~ djs so ijkv wjpkfkgs ~owjpn ~dfs bkn+ Wb jpb

ko~ epbb ~o coiif~ eopkfcj~fok $: Cop+ 5=:5):4< : ^dbss+

>=3)5&! kop ~o `b fkuoaubn fk jkv sop~ oe iopja rkcabjkkbss

$: ^dbss+ >=7&! kop ~o ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db rkeprf~era wopls

oe njplkbss $Bxd+ 2=::&! kop ~o `b nprkl wf~d wfkb $Bxd+

2=:4&! kop ~o jaaow jkv copprx~ coiirkfcj~fok ~o xpocbbn

or~ oe orp ior~ds $Bxd+ >=06&! kop ~o jaaow jkv efa~dfkbss

oe ~db eabsd op sxfpf~ $0 Cop+ 7=:&! kop ~o `b fkuoaubn fk

jkv~dfkg ~dj~ djs bubk ~db jxxbjpjkcb oe bufa $: ^dbss+

2=00&! kop ~o aoub ~db ~dfkgs ~dj~ jpb fk ~db wopan $: Modk

0=:2):7&! kop ~o `bepfbkn ~db wopan $Mjibs >=>&! kop ~o `bcokeopibn ~o ~db wopan $Poi+ :0=0&! kop ~o npbss

fiionbs~av $: ^fi+ 0=6&! b~c+

Wdj~! ~dbk! nfn ~db jxos~ab ibjk? Db ibjk~ ~dj~ ~db

Cdpfs~fjk djs `bbk sb~ epbb `v ~db àoon oe Cdpfs~! epbb epoi

~db wjgbs oe sfk! epbb epoi ~db coknbikj~fok oe ~db ajw!

epbb epoi ~db cbpbiokfbs oe ~db Iosjfc coubkjk~! `r~ ko~ epbb ~o sfk! jkn ko~ epbb ~o no jkv~dfkg ~dj~ fs ko~ btxbnfbk~

op bnfevfkg +

^db efps~ prab oe @fàb fk~bpxpb~j~fok fs ~o fk~bpxpb~

jccopnfkg ~o ~db cok~bt~! jkn Xjra btxajfks dfisbae

xbpebc~av fk ò~d xjssjgbs+ Fk : Copfk~dfjks 5=:0):3! db

rsbs ~db btjixab oe bj~fkg ibj~+ Fk : Copfk~dfjks 4=:):3jkn :8=03)04 db rsbs ~db btjixab oe bj~fkg ~dfkgs ~dj~ djub

`bbk oeebpbn ~o fnoas+ Fk jaa srcd ~dfkgs! ~db Cdpfs~fjk fs

epbb! `bcjrsb ~dbsb jpb ij~~bps fk wdfcd ~db @fàb fs sfabk~+

76



^dbpb jpb ko nfb~jpv pbs~pfc~foks eop ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~

Cdpfs~fjk js ~dbpb wbpb rknbp ~db Iosjfc Ajw+ Wb no ko~

djub ~o ebjp fnoas< wb lkow ~dbv jpb ko~dfkg+ ^dfs fs ~db

~vxb oe ~dfkg Xjra fs pbebppfkg ~o fk : Copfk~dfjks! fe wb

woran jaaow dfi ~o btxajfk dfisbae fk cok~bt~ pj~dbp ~djk

j~~bix~ ~o xr~ soib s~pjkgb ibjkfkg rxok dfs wopns ~dj~

woran efaa ~db @fàb wf~d cok~pjnfc~fok+

Xjra jnnpbssbs ~db sjib ~dfkg fk Poijks cdjx~bp :>+ ^db

Cdpfs~fjk fs epbb epoi Oan bs~jibk~ ajws xbp~jfkfkg ~o nfb~

jkn lbbxfkg doav njvs $Poi+ :>=0)5&+ Wb jpb ko~ ~o mrngb

okb jko~dbp fk ~dbsb ij~~bps! `bcjrsb ~dbsb jpb ij~~bps ok

wdfcd Scpfx~rpb fs sfabk~ fk ~dfs nfsxbksj~fok+ ^dfs nobs ko~

ibjk! ~dorgd! wb jpb ko~ ~o mrngb jkv~dfkg jkn ~dj~ wb jpb

epbb ~o no wdj~bubp wb xabjsb+ Wdbk ~db @fàb djs sxolbk

ok jkv fssrb! orp okav af`bp~v fs ~o o`bv+

^db cok~bixopjpv xdfaosoxdv fs cok~pjpv ~o ~db bk~fpb ~bkop

oe ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ wpf~fkgs+

Eorp bs~s eop Cdpfs~fjk Jc~fuf~fbs

Fk ~db ~wo xjssjgbs fk Copfk~dfjks xpbuforsav cf~bn Xjra

gfubs eorp ~bs~s ~o nb~bpifkb wdb~dbp ~db Cdpfs~fjk sdoran

jaaow j cbp~jfk ~dfkg fk dfs afeb=

$:& Nobs f~ `pfkg ib rknbp f~s xowbp?

$0& Fs f~ btxbnfbk~?

$3& Nobs f~ bnfev?

$>& Nobs f~ dbax iv ebaaow ijk op nobs f~ cjrsb dfi ~o

s~riàb?

48



^dbsb jpb ~bs~s ~dj~ jpb jxxafbn ko~ ~o sfkera ~dfkgs wdfcd

japbjnv jpb eop`fnnbk ~o ~db Cdpfs~fjk! `r~ ~o ~dfkgs ~db

@fàb nobs ko~ sxbcfefcjaav jnnpbss+

^db sfkcbpb jxxafcj~fok oe ~dbsb ~bs~s ~o ~dfkgs coiiokav

jaaowbn fk ~db wopan oe cok~bixopjpv Cdpfs~fjkf~v woran

xr~ j zrfcl s~ox ~o ijkv xpjc~fcbs+ Pocl irsfc nobs `pfkg

xboxab rknbp f~s xowbp< f~ nobs ko~ bnfev< f~ fs fkearbkcbn `v

nbioks $j sfixab s~rnv oe ~db dfs~opv oe pocl irsfc wfaa

cokefpi ~dfs&< f~ fs ko~ ~dbpbeopb btxbnfbk~ eop ~db Cdpfs~fjk

wdo fs fks~prc~bn ~o `b so`bp jkn ufgfajk~ jgjfks~ ~db wfabs

oe ~db nbufa< f~ erp~dbp djs jk jnnfc~fub xowbp! jxxbjafkg ~o

~db eabsd wdfcd ~db Cdpfs~fjk fs srxxosbn ~o cprcfev+

Fiionbs~ cao~dfkg! srcd js sdop~s jkn `j~dfkg srf~s! nobs

dfknbp orp ebaaow ijk `v ~bix~fkg dfi ~o sfk fk dfs

~dorgd~ afeb< f~ nobs ko~ bnfev ~dosb wdo sbb rs cao~dbn fksrcd j ejsdfok< f~ nobs cjrsb o~dbps ~o s~riàb+

Bcribkfcja pbaj~foksdfxs `b~wbbk ~dosb wdo `bafbub sorkn

Kbw ^bs~jibk~ noc~pfkb jkn ~dosb wdo no ko~! dfknbps iv

ebaaow ijk jkn cjrsbs dfi ~o s~riàb `v cokersfkg dfi

jòr~ wdj~ fs ~prb jkn wdj~ fs ejasb jkn `v gfufkg dfi ~db

fixpbssfok ~dj~ noc~pfkb fs ko~ fixop~jk~+ Srcdpbaj~foksdfxs jpb ko~ bnfevfkg `bcjrsb ~dbv wbjlbk ~db

`bafbubp‖s sxfpf~rja nfscbpkibk~ jkn }bja eop ~db ejf~d okcb

nbafubpbn ~o ~db sjfk~s+

^db @fàb sjvs wb djub af`bp~v fk Cdpfs~! af`bp~v epoi

b~bpkja coknbikj~fok! af`bp~v ~o sbpub Gon jkn ~o bkmov orp

rksxbjljàv woknbpera sjauj~fok fk Cdpfs~+ F~ nobs ko~ sjv!~dorgd! ~dj~ wb djub af`bp~v ~o no jkv~dfkg ~dj~ fs ko~

btxbnfbk~ op bnfevfkg +

4:



^db jxos~ab Xjra djn srcd j aow ufbw oe ‑xbpsokja af`bp~v’

~dj~ db wjs wfaafkg ~o eopbgo ~db bj~fkg oe ibj~ eop ~db pbs~

oe dfs afeb fe db ~dorgd~ ~dj~ srcd bj~fkg woran oeebkn dfs

`po~dbp op cjrsb dfs `po~dbp ~o s~riàb fk jkv wjv $: Cop+

4=:3&+ Db nfn ko~ djub ~db fnbj ~dj~ db wjs fk ~dfs wopan ~o

afub eop dfisbae jkn ~o s~jkn ok dfs af`bp~v+

Cok~pjs~ ~dfs jxos~oafc ufbw oe Cdpfs~fjk af`bp~v wf~d ~dj~

wdfcd fs so xoxrajp ~onjv+ ^dosb wdo jpb coksribn wf~d

~dbfp ‑af`bp~v’ wfaa ko~ eopbgo bubk dfgdav zrbs~fokjàb

~dfkgs eop ~db sjlb oe gaopfevfkg Cdpfs~ jkn bnfevfkg ~dbfp

ebaaow ijk+ Wdbk cokepok~bn wf~d srcd ~dfkgs! ~dbv

`bcoib xreebn rx jkn ajsd or~ jgjfks~ j s~pjw ijk ~dbv

cjaa ‑abgjafsi+’ ^dbv iocl ~dosb wdo jpb oeebknbn `v ~dbfp

irsfc jkn pfnfcrab ~dosb wdo zrbs~fok ~dbfp sfaav jk~fcs+

J Safxxbpv Saoxb

Nbjp epfbkns! `bwjpb oe ~dfs ~pjx+ F~ fs j safxxbpv saoxb+

Okcb vor djub `bgrk ~o efgd~ eop vorp ‑af`bp~v’ jkn xrpsrb

erk! wdbpb no vor s~ox? Fe vor jccbx~ ~db afb ~dj~ ~db ubpv

cokcbx~ oe npjwfkg j afkb eop Cdpfs~fjk s~jknjpns fs

‑abgjafs~fc’ jkn ~dj~ ~db bixdjsfs oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb

sdoran `b rxok ‑af`bp~v!’ vor djub ko òrknjpfbs+ Wbdjub sbbk pbxbj~bnav ~dj~ ~dbpb fs ko s~oxxfkg+ ^dosb

wdo bk~bp ~dfs xj~d jpb ok j `jclwjpn! nowkwjpn

sxfpja+

J~ efps~ ~db woibk efgd~ eop ~db ‑af`bp~v’ ~o wbjp aoosb

xjk~s! `r~ bubk~rjaav ~dbv jpb wbjpfkg ~fgd~ xjk~s+ ^dbv

efgd~ eop ~db ‑af`bp~v’ ~o wbjp aoosb)ef~~fkg sdop~s! `r~bubk~rjaav ~dbv jpb wbjpfkg sdop~bp jkn ~fgd~bp okbs+ ^dbv

wjk~ ~db af`bp~v ~o ifss soib cdrpcd sbpufcbs! `r~

bubk~rjaav ~dbv jpb ifssfkg ijkv jkn ~dfklfkg ko~dfkg oe

f~+ ^dbv wjk~ ~db af`bp~v ~o sdop~bk ~dbfp djfp! `r~ bubk~rjaav

40



~dbv s~vab f~ jaios~ aflb j ijk‖s+ ^dbv wjk~ ~db af`bp~v ~o

afs~bk ~o òpnbp)afkb mj}}bn)rx xpjfsb irsfc! `r~ bubk~rjaav

~dbv jpb jnnfc~bn ~o cok~bixopjpv pocl+ ^dbv wjk~ ~db

af`bp~v ~o wj~cd soib zrbs~fokjàb ufnbos! `r~ bubk~rjaav

~dbv jpb wj~cdfkg P)pj~bn okbs jkn `bvokn+ ^dbv wjk~ ~db

af`bp~v ~o ebaaowsdfx wf~d ‑ubpv coksbpuj~fub bujkgbafcjas!’

`r~ bubk~rjaav ~dbv jpb ebaaowsdfxxfkg wf~d ~dosb wdo doan

njikjàb dbpbsfbs+ Op j~ abjs~ ~dbv `bcoib svixj~db~fc

wf~d jkn nbebksfub oe ~dosb wdo jpb nofkg srcd ~dfkgs+

Vor no ko~ aosb jkv~dfkg `v doanfkg ~db s~pfc~bs~ afkb oe

@fàfcja s~jknjpns fk ~dfs xpbsbk~ bufa wopan! `r~ vor djub

ircd ~o aosb fe vor aoosbk ~dosb s~jknjpns+

Okb ~dfkg ~dosb wdo ab~ nowk ~dbfp s~jknjpns oe~bk aosb fs

~dbfp cdfanpbk ++++++++ ~o ~db wopan+

‑Eop! `pb~dpbk! vb djub `bbk cjaabn rk~o af`bp~v< OKAVRSB KO^ AF@BP^V EOP JK OCCJSFOK Ô ^DBEABSD! `r~ `v aoub sbpub okb jko~dbp’ $Gjaj~fjks2=:3&+

‑Js epbb! jkn KO^ RSFKG VORP AF@BP^V EOP JCAOJL OE IJAFCFORSKBSS! `r~ js ~db sbpujk~s oe Gon’ $: Xb~bp 0=:5&+

‑Wdfab ~dbv xpoifsb ~dbi af`bp~v! ~dbv ~dbisbaubs jpb~db sbpujk~s oe copprx~fok= eop oe wdoi j ijk fsoubpcoib! oe ~db sjib fs db `porgd~ fk òknjgb’ $0Xb~bp 0=:6&+

43



^drs! Xjra wjs jawjvs s~pfc~ fk dfs Cdpfs~fjk afufkg jkn nfn

ko~ jaaow jkv~dfkg ~dj~ woran pbsra~ fk ~db xossf`faf~v oe

`bcoifkg sxfpf~rjaav sdfxwpbclbn+ Db jawjvs lbx~ dfs ònv

fk sr`mbc~fok+

Fk Gjaj~fjks 2=:3 db sjvs! ‑ Eop! `pb~dpbk! vb djub `bbk

cjaabn rk~o af`bp~v< okav rsb ko~ af`bp~v eop jk occjsfok ~o

~db eabsd! `r~ `v aoub sbpub okb jko~dbp +’

^drs! Xjra‖s af`bp~v wjs ko~ ~db af`bp~v ~o sbpub ~db eabsd fk

jkv sbksb! jkn ~dfs xpfkcfxab jaokb woran ibjk ~dj~ Xjra

woran juofn ~db ujs~ ijmopf~v oe ~dfkgs ~dj~ eav rknbp ~db

`jkkbp oe ~db xox cra~rpb ~onjv+

Okb oe ~db efps~ eabsdav ~dfkgs ~dj~ Gon nbja~ wf~d ib jòr~

je~bp F wjs sjubn fk ~db sriibp oe :673 wjs pocl % poaa+ Fk

iv bs~fij~fok! f~ fs okb oe ~db ios~ xowbpera eabsdav ~dfkgs

fk socfb~v ~onjv+ S~bubk ^vabp oe Jbposif~d ~bs~fefbn ~dj~

pocl irsfc ‑fs ~db s~pokgbs~ nprg fk ~db wopan’ $ Pocl @bj~ !

Sxpfkg :647! x+ 03&! jkn ASN grpr ^fio~dv Abjpv jnnbn

dfs jibk ~o ~dj~! jnif~~fkg! ‑F‖ub `bbk SÔKBN OK ^DB

IRSFC ijkv ~fibs+’ Iv owk btxbpfbkcb wf~d pocl % poaa

jgpbbs wf~d ~dbsb ~bs~fiokfbs! jkn F ji cokefnbk~ ~dj~ ~dosb

wdo `bafbub ~dj~ pocl cjk `b sjkc~fefbn eop ~db sbpufcb oe jdoav Gon jpb nbcbfubn+

Xjra jaso ~jrgd~ ~dj~ `bafbubps jpb ~o ‑j`s~jfk epoi jaa

jxxbjpjkcb oe bufa’ $: ^dbss+ 2=00&+ ^dfs fs ~db s~pfc~bs~

eopi oe sbxjpj~fok! jkn Xjra woran ko~ djub nokb jkv~dfkg

cok~pjpv ~o ~dfs fk dfs owk afeb jkn ifkfs~pv+

Fk : Copfk~dfjks 6=00! Xjra fs nbefkf~bav ko~ xpoufnfkg j

nbebksb eop ~db Cdpfs~fjk pocl % poaa xdfaosoxdv jkn ~dbpb

fs ko xossf`faf~v ~dj~ db woran djub jnox~bn srcd j

afebs~vab+

42



Mbpbifjd wjpkbn! ‑Abjpk ko~ ~db wjv oe ~db dbj~dbk’ $Mbp+

:8=0&! jkn Xjra woran cbp~jfkav ko~ djub ~j~~oobn dfisbae

jkn gpowk dfs djfp aokg jkn jnox~bn xjgjk irsfc jkn npbss

jkn xos~rpb fk opnbp ~o pbjcd ~db xjgjks+

45



Nowk wf~d Nbkoifkj~fokja Wjaas

Okb oe ~db ~dbib sokgs oe ~db bcribkfcja ioubibk~ fs

‑Gon fs nbs~povfkg nbkoifkj~fokja afkbs+’

^dfs wjs okb oe ~db gojas oe ~db Xpoifsb Lbbxbps

ioubibk~+ J~ ~db Xpoifsb Lbbxbps Cabpgv Cokebpbkcb fk

J~ajk~j fk Eb`prjpv :665! ~db iopb ~djk 36!888 xjs~ops

wbpb rpgbn ~o coiif~ ~dbisbaubs ~o ~db ‑J~ajk~j

Coubkjk~!’ okb oe ~db xofk~s oe wdfcd rpgbs xjs~ops ~opbjcd `bvokn pjcfja jkn NBKOIFKJ^FOKJA `jppfbps+’

Xpoifsb Lbbxbps eorknbp @faa IcCjp~kbv ijnb ~db

eoaaowfkg s~j~bibk~ j~ ~dfs cokebpbkcb= ‑Cok~bk~fok

`b~wbbk nbkoifkj~foks djs gokb ok aokg bkorgd+ Fe ~db

cdrpcd bubp s~oon ~ogb~dbp! Jaifgd~v Gon woran djub dfs

wjv+’

^dfs fs j gposs bppop ~dj~ fgkopbs ~db jxos~jsv oe orp ~fib

jkn ~db pbjsok eop srcd nfufsfoks! js wbaa js ~db @f`ab‖s

coiijkns ~o sbxjpj~b epoi bppop+

^db ‑@pbjlfkg Nowk Nbkoifkj~fokja Wjaas’ Ibk~jaf~v

Fgkopbs Jxos~jsv

^dfs ~dfklfkg sorkns goon ~o ~dfs f~cdfkg)bjp gbkbpj~fok $0

^fio~dv >=3)>&! `r~ f~ fgkopbs ~db wpb~cdbnav jxos~j~b

coknf~fok oe j gpbj~ ijkv oe ~db nbkoifkj~foks+

Bujkgbafcja abjnbp Djpoan Afknsbaa gjub ~dfs ~bs~fiokv fk

pbgjpn ~o ~db ijfkafkb nbkoifkj~foks=

‑F~ fs ko~ rkejfp ~o jaabgb ~dj~ jiokg nbkoifkj~foks aflbBxfscoxja! Rkf~bn Ib~donfs~! Rkf~bn Xpbs`v~bpfjk!Rkf~bn Cdrpcd oe Cdpfs~! ~db Ar~dbpjk Cdrpcd fk

Jibpfcj! jkn ~db Xpbs`v~bpfjk Cdrpcd R+S+J+ ^DBPBFS KO^ J SFKGAB ^DBOAOGFCJA SBIFKJPV ^DJ^^JLBS J S^JKN FK EJUOP OE @F@AFCJA

47



FKEJAAF@FAF^V+ JKN ^DBPB FS KO^ J SFKGABSBIFKJPV WDBPB ^DBPB JPB KO^ EJCRA^VIBI@BPS WDO NFSJUOW OKB OP IOPB OE ^DBIJMOP ^BJCDFKGS OE ^DB CDPFS^FJKEJF^D’ $Djpoan Afknsbaa! @j~~ab eop ~db @fàb!]oknbpujk! :675! xx+ :>2):>5+&

‑Jxos~jsv’ pbebps ~o ~db ejaafkg jwjv epoi ~db ~prb Kbw

^bs~jibk~ ejf~d! jkn f~ fs ko~ j efgibk~ oe j

‑erknjibk~jafs~‖s’ fijgfkj~fok< f~ fs j @fàb noc~pfkb+ ^db

Kbw ^bs~jibk~ nbscpf`bs ~wo sbxjpj~b s~pbjis oe

‑Cdpfs~fjkf~v’ oxbpj~fkg sfnb `v sfnb ~dporgdor~ ~db cdrpcdjgb+

Efps~! ~dbpb jpb sorkn Kbw ^bs~jibk~ cdrpcdbs! jgjfks~

wdfcd ~db gj~bs oe dbaa sdjaa ko~ xpbujfa+ ^dbv wfaa `b

xbpsbcr~bn! dj~bn! nbsxfsbn! vb~ ~dbv wfaa cok~fkrb doanfkg

~o ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d cbk~rpv)je~bp)cbk~rpv rk~fa

Cdpfs~‖s pb~rpk+ ^db Aopn Mbsrs xpoifsbn Dfs ejf~dera okbs=‑Ao! F ji wf~d vor jawjv! BUBK Ô ^DB BKN OE ^DB

WOPAN’ $Ij~~dbw 04=08&+

Sbcokn! ~dbpb jpb jxos~j~b cdrpcdbs! wdfcd wfaa fkcpbjsb fk

kri`bp jkn gpow wopsb jkn wopsb js ~db cbk~rpfbs xjss+

Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg Scpfx~rpbs=

‑Eop F lkow ~dfs! ~dj~ je~bp iv nbxjp~fkg sdjaa gpfbuorswoaubs bk~bp fk jiokg vor! ko~ sxjpfkg ~db eaocl+ Jasooe vorp owk sbaubs sdjaa ibk jpfsb! sxbjlfkg xbpubpsb~dfkgs! ~o npjw jwjv nfscfxabs je~bp ~dbi’ $Jc~s08=06)38&+

‑Kow ~db Sxfpf~ sxbjlb~d btxpbssav! ~dj~ fk ~db aj~~bp ~fibs soib sdjaa nbxjp~ epoi ~db ejf~d! gfufkg dbbn ~o

sbnrcfkg sxfpf~s! jkn noc~pfkbs oe nbufas< Sxbjlfkg afbsfk dvxocpfsv< djufkg ~dbfp cokscfbkcb sbjpbn wf~d j do~fpok< Eop`fnnfkg ~o ijppv! jkn coiijknfkg ~o j`s~jfkepoi ibj~s! wdfcd Gon dj~d cpbj~bn ~o `b pbcbfubnwf~d ~djklsgfufkg oe ~dbi wdfcd `bafbub jkn lkow ~db~pr~d’ $: ^fio~dv >=:)3&+

44



‑@r~ bufa ibk jkn sbnrcbps sdjaa wjt wopsb jknwopsb! nbcbfufkg! jkn `bfkg nbcbfubn’ $0 ^fio~dv3=:3&+

‑Eop ~db ~fib wfaa coib wdbk ~dbv wfaa ko~ bknrpbsorkn noc~pfkb< `r~ je~bp ~dbfp owk ars~s sdjaa ~dbvdbjx ~o ~dbisbaubs ~bjcdbps! djufkg f~cdfkg bjps+ Jkn~dbv sdjaa ~rpk jwjv ~dbfp bjps epoi ~db ~pr~d! jkn sdjaa`b ~rpkbn rk~o ejàbs’ $0 ^fio~dv >=3)>&+

‑@r~ ~dbpb wbpb ejasb xpoxdb~s jaso jiokg ~db xboxab!bubk js ~dbpb sdjaa `b ejasb ~bjcdbps jiokg vor! wdoxpfufav sdjaa `pfkg fk njikjàb dbpbsfbs! bubk nbkvfkg

~db Aopn ~dj~ òrgd~ ~dbi! jkn `pfkg rxok ~dbisbaubsswfe~ nbs~prc~fok+ Jkn ijkv sdjaa eoaaow ~dbfp xbpkfcforswjvs< `v pbjsok oe wdoi ~db wjv oe ~pr~d sdjaa `b bufasxolbk oe+ Jkn ~dporgd coub~orskbss sdjaa ~dbv wf~debfgkbn wopns ijlb ibpcdjknfsb oe vor= wdosb

mrngibk~ kow oe j aokg ~fib afkgbpb~d ko~! jkn ~dbfp njikj~fok sari`bpb~d ko~’ $0 Xb~bp+ 0=:)3&+

‑@baoubn! `bafbub ko~ bubpv sxfpf~! `r~ ~pv ~db sxfpf~s

wdb~dbp ~dbv jpb oe Gon= `bcjrsb ijkv ejasb xpoxdb~sjpb gokb or~ fk~o ~db wopan’ $: Modk >=:&+

‑@baoubn! wdbk F gjub jaa nfafgbkcb ~o wpf~b rk~o vor oe ~db coiiok sjauj~fok! f~ wjs kbbnera eop ib ~o wpf~brk~o vor! jkn btdop~ vor ~dj~ vb sdoran bjpkbs~avcok~bkn eop ~db ejf~d wdfcd wjs okcb nbafubpbn rk~o ~dbsjfk~s+ Eop ~dbpb jpb cbp~jfk ibk cpbx~ fk rkjwjpbs!wdo wbpb `beopb oe oan opnjfkbn ~o ~dfs coknbikj~fok!

rkgonav ibk! ~rpkfkg ~db gpjcb oe orp Gon fk~oajscfuforskbss! jkn nbkvfkg ~db okav Aopn Gon! jknorp Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~’ $Mrnb 3)>&+

^db xjpjàbs oe Cdpfs~ fk Ij~~dbw :3 nbxfc~ ~db corpsb oe

~dfs xpbsbk~ ‑cdrpcd jgb’ jkn nbscpf`b j xpogpbssfok oe

jxos~jsv+ ^db xjpjàb oe ~db abjubk fk Ij~~dbw :3=33! eop

btjixab! nbscpf`bs j woijk xr~~fkg abjubk fk~o ~dpbb

ibjsrpbs oe ibja! ‑~faa ~db wdoab wjs abjubkbn +’ Abjubk fk

Scpfx~rpb jawjvs s~jkns eop sfk jkn bppop $: Cop+ 2=5< Gja+

2=6&+ ^drs ~db xjpjàb ~baas rs ~dj~ ~db bppop ~dj~ wjs

fk~ponrcbn `v ejasb ~bjcdbps bubk nrpfkg ~db njvs oe ~db

46



jxos~abs wfaa gpjnrjaav fkcpbjsb ~dporgd ~db cbk~rpfbs rk~fa

~db bk~fpb pbafgfors svs~bi fs abjubkbn+ ^db ra~fij~b

eraefaaibk~ oe ~dfs fs fk Pbubaj~fok :7+

Jko~dbp xjssjgb ~dj~ ~bjcdbs ~db sjib ~pr~d fs 0

^dbssjaokfjks 0=7)4+ ‑ Eop ~db ivs~bpv oe fkfzrf~v no~d

japbjnv wopl= okav db wdo kow ab~~b~d wfaa ab~! rk~fa db `b

~jlbk or~ oe ~db wjv+ Jkn ~dbk sdjaa ~dj~ Wfclbn `b

pbubjabn! wdoi ~db Aopn sdjaa coksrib wf~d ~db sxfpf~ oe

dfs ior~d! jkn sdjaa nbs~pov wf~d ~db `pfgd~kbss oe dfs

coifkg +’

^db ‑ivs~bpv oe fkfzrf~v’ fs ~dj~ xpogpji oe bufa wdbpb`v

~db nbufa fs j~~bix~fkg ~o copprx~ ~db cdrpcdbs oe Mbsrs

Cdpfs~ `v sowfkg ~jpbs jkn jxos~jsv+ F~ fs jssocfj~bn wf~d

‑Ivs~bpv @j`vaok ~db Gpbj~’ fk Pbubaj~fok :7+ ^db

‑ivs~bpv oe fkfzrf~v’ wjs japbjnv woplfkg fk Xjra‖s ~fib!jkn f~ wfaa craifkj~b fk ~db pfsb oe ~db ijk oe sfk! ~db

Wfclbn Okb! ~db Jk~fcdpfs~! wdo wfaa jssrib ~db ~dpokb oe

~dfs wopan eop j `pfbe sxjk+ Wb jpb fkeopibn ~dj~ ~db

craifkj~fok oe ~dfs wfaa ko~ occrp rk~fa mrs~ xpfop ~o ~db

pb~rpk oe Cdpfs~! `bcjrsb ~db Wfclbn Okb wfaa `b nbs~povbn

‑wf~d ~db `pfgd~kbss oe dfs coifkg+’

Wb sbb ~db nfpbc~ eraefaaibk~ oe ~dbsb xpoxdbcfbs fk

‑Cdpfs~fjkf~v+’ F~ fs cabjpav wf~kbssbn fk dbpb~fcja `onfbs

srcd js ~db Poijk Cj~doafc Cdrpcd jkn ~db af`bpja

Xpo~bs~jk~ jkn @jx~fs~ nbkoifkj~foks jssocfj~bn wf~d ~db

Wopan Corkcfa oe Cdrpcdbs+ F~ fs jaso bufnbk~ fk ~db

bcribkfcja ioubibk~! wdfcd fs cjaafkg eop rkf~v fk

nfubpsf~v j~ ~db btxbksb oe `f`afcja ~pr~d jkn wdfcd fs `pbjlfkg nowk ~db wjaas oe sbxjpj~fok `b~wbbk ~pr~d jkn

bppop+

68



Ionbpkfsi jkn jxos~jsv jkn ~bppfàb coixpoifsb djub

xbpibj~bn ~db ijfkafkb nbkoifkj~foks+ Jkv cjaa! ~dbpbeopb!

~o `pbjcd nbkoifkj~fokja `jppfbps ~onjv! fs j cjaa ~o volb

~pr~d ~ogb~dbp wf~d bppop jkn fs jk oxbk nbkfja oe ~db

`fàfcja noc~pfkb oe sbxjpj~fok+

^db ‑@pbjlfkg Nowk Nbkoifkj~fokja Wjaas’ Ibk~jaf~v

Fgkopbs ~db Fixop~jkcb oe @fàb Noc~pfkb

^db xrsd ~o ‑`pbjl nowk nbkoifkj~fokja wjaas’ jaso

fgkopbs ~db ejc~ ~dj~ nbkoifkj~fokja nfeebpbkcbs jpb ajpgbav

noc~pfkja nfeebpbkcbs! jkn ~db @fàb btja~s noc~pfkja xrpf~v+

^db Scpfx~rpb wjs efps~ gfubk eop noc~pfkb $0 ^fi+ 3=:5&+

Wdfab soib nfufsfoks `b~wbbk Cdpfs~fjks jpb ijk)ijnb

jkn rkkbcbssjpv! ijkv o~dbps))ios~! fk ejc~))jpb noc~pfkja+

Wdv! eop btjixab! fs jk Bxfscoxja cdrpcd nfeebpbk~ epoi jkfknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~ cdrpcd? ^db jkswbp fs ~dj~ ~dbv djub

nfeebpbk~ noc~pfkb+ Okb ~bjcdbs `jx~fsija pbgbkbpj~fok< ~db

o~dbp! ~dj~ `jx~fsi fs sviòafc okav+ Okb `jx~f}bs fkejk~s<

~db o~dbp xpjc~fcbs `bafbubp‖s `jx~fsi+ Okb sxpfklabs< ~db

o~dbp fiibpsbs+ Okb djs j xpfbs~doon< ~db o~dbp djs xjs~ops

jkn nbjcoks+ Okb djs j dfbpjpcdfcja cdrpcd s~prc~rpb< ~db

o~dbp xpjc~fcbs ~db jr~okoiv oe ~db jssbiàv+ Okb

fk~bpxpb~s xpoxdbcv af~bpjaav jkn fs aoolfkg eop ~db

fiifkbk~ pb~rpk oe Mbsrs Cdpfs~< ~db o~dbp fk~bpxpb~s

xpoxdbcv jaabgopfcjaav jkn fs woplfkg ~o bs~jàfsd ~db

lfkgnoi oe Gon ok bjp~d+ Okb jaaows f~s abjnbps jkn

ibi`bps ~o doan bubpv sop~ oe dbpbsv jkn fiiopjaf~v< ~db

o~dbp $gbkbpjaav sxbjlfkg& xpjc~fcbs nfscfxafkb jknsbxjpj~fok+

Wdj~ fs ~db nfeebpbkcb `b~wbbk jk Jssbiàfbs oe Gon

cokgpbgj~fok jkn jk fknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~ cdrpcd? Jgjfk! f~

6:



fs noc~pfkb+ Okb `bafbubs ~db `jx~fsi oe ~db Doav Sxfpf~ fs

sr`sbzrbk~ ~o sjauj~fok jkn fs soib~dfkg ~db `bafbubp irs~

sbbl jkn ~dj~ f~s ijkfebs~j~fok fs ~okgrbs)sxbjlfkg< ~db

o~dbp `bafbubs ~db `jx~fsi oe ~db Doav Sxfpf~ occrppbn j~

Xbk~bcos~ jkn ~dj~ bubpv `bafbubp fs `jx~f}bn `v ~db Doav

Sxfpf~ wdbk db fs sjubn+ Okb `bafbubs ~db sfgk gfe~s jpb

oxbpj~fub ~onjv< ~db o~dbp `bafbubs ~db sfgk gfe~s wbpb gfubk

~o ~db jxos~abs jkn cbjsbn wf~d ~dbfp xjssfkg+ Okb `bafbubs

~db Doav Sxfpf~ ‑sajvs’ xboxab< ~db o~dbp! ~dj~ ‑sxfpf~

sajvfkg’ fs rkscpfx~rpja+ Okb `bafbubs ~db gfe~ oe ~okgrbs fsoxbpj~fub ~onjv< ~db o~dbp! ~dj~ ~db gfe~ oe ~okgrbs djn j

~bixopjpv xrpxosb ~dj~ cbjsbn fk ~db efps~ cbk~rpv+ Okb

`bafbubs sjauj~fok cjk `b aos~< ~db o~dbp! ~dj~ sjauj~fok fs

b~bpkjaav sbcrpb+ Okb `bafbubs bcribkfcja rkf~v fs ~db wopl

oe ~db Doav Sxfpf~< ~db o~dbp `bafbubs bcribkfcja rkf~v fs

~db wopl oe ~db nbufa+

^dosb wdo cjaa eop ~db `pbjlfkg nowk oe nbkoifkj~fokja

wjaas jpb fgkopfkg ~dbsb sbpfors noc~pfkja nfeebpbkcbs+ Jkv

@f`ab noc~pfkb wop~d `bafbufkg fs wop~d efgd~fkg eop+

Wdbk Xjra wpo~b ~o ^fio~dv ~o fks~prc~ dfi fk ~db wopl oe

~db Aopn! db nfn ko~ ~baa dfi ~o ‑afgd~bk rx’ jkn ~o fgkopb

‑abss fixop~jk~’ op ‑kok)bssbk~fja’ noc~pfkja nfeebpbkcbs+Xjra soabikav fks~prc~bn ~db vorkg xpbjcdbp ~o pbijfk

j`soar~bav s~bjnejs~ fk jxos~oafc noc~pfkb jkn ko~ ~o jaaow

JKV o~dbp noc~pfkb ~o `b ~jrgd~+

‑Js F `bsorgd~ ~dbb ~o j`fnb s~faa j~ Bxdbsrs! wdbk Fwbk~ fk~o Ijcbnokfj! ~dj~ ~dor ifgd~bs~ cdjpgb soib~dj~ ~dbv ~bjcd KO O^DBP NOC^PFKB’ $: ^fio~dv:=3&+

‑Jkn ~db ~dfkgs ~dj~ ~dor djs~ dbjpn oe ib jiokgijkv wf~kbssbs! ^DB SJIB coiif~ ~dor ~o ejf~deraibk! wdo sdjaa `b j`ab ~o ~bjcd o~dbps jaso’ $0^fio~dv 0=0&+

60



Cjk Wb @b Srpb oe Noc~pfkja Xrpf~v?

Noc~pfkb fs oe~bk nowkxajvbn ~onjv fk ejuop oe rkf~v+ ^db

eoaaowfkg s~j~bibk~ `v xox sfkgbp Xj~ @ookb! wdo fs j

cdjpfsij~fc Cdpfs~fjk! ~vxfefbs ~db xoxrajp j~~f~rnb ~owjpn

noc~pfkb=

‑Noc~pfkb nfufnbs! btxbpfbkcb rkf~bs+ Wb nok‖~ jaa djuborp noc~pfkb jaa coixab~bav coppbc~! `r~ Gon nobsk‖~

mrngb rs ok orp rknbps~jknfkg oe noc~pfkb’ $Xj~ @ookb!

Jrgrs~ :7! 088:! cf~bn epoi Cjaujpv Cok~bknbp ! Sbx~+:2! 088:&+

@ookb cajfis ~dj~ ko okb fs coixab~bav pfgd~ jòr~ noc~pfkb

jkn ~dj~ Gon nobsk‖~ mrngb rs jòr~ noc~pfkb< ~dbpbeopb!

ab~‖s mrs~ eocrs ok rkf~v+ ^dfs fnbj fs wfnbav dban+ Ijkv

djub wpf~~bk ~o ib jkn sjfn fk beebc~! ‑Wdo no vor ~dfkl

vor jpb? No vor `bafbub ~dj~ vorp noc~pfkb fs pfgd~ jkn

bubpvokb basb‖s fs wpokg? Vor cjk‖~ lkow ~dj~+’

@r~ ~dfs fs ko~ wdj~ ~db @fàb sjvs+

^db @fàb sjvs ~db `bafbubp CJK lkow sorkn noc~pfkb+

Fk 0 ^fio~dv 0=:2 ~db `bafbubp fs coiijknbn ~o pfgd~av

nfufnb ~db Wopn oe Gon+

‑S~rnv ~o sdbw ~dvsbae jxxpoubn rk~o Gon! j woplijk~dj~ kbbnb~d ko~ ~o `b jsdjibn! pfgd~av nfufnfkg ~dbwopn oe ~pr~d+’

ô pfgd~av nfufnb ~db Wopn oe ^pr~d ibjks ~o fk~bpxpb~ f~

xpoxbpav jkn ~o lkow f~s noc~pfkb coppbc~av+ Wdv woran

Gon pbzrfpb j Cdpfs~fjk ~o pfgd~av nfufnb ~db Wopn oe ^pr~drkabss Db woran gfub dfi ~db j`faf~v ~o no ~dj~?

^dfs ubpsb erp~dbp ~bjcdbs ~dj~ Gon wfaa doan ~db `bafbubp

jccork~jàb eop ~dfs ~jsl! `bcjrsb okav ~db okb wdo pfgd~av

6>



3+ Wb lkow sorkn noc~pfkb ~dporgd ~db fknwbaafkg Doav

Sxfpf~+

: Modk 0=08)0: sjvs! ‑ @r~ vb djub jk rkc~fok epoi ~db DoavOkb! jkn vb lkow jaa ~dfkgs+ F djub ko~ wpf~~bk rk~o vor

`bcjrsb vb lkow ko~ ~db ~pr~d! `r~ `bcjrsb vb lkow f~! jkn

~dj~ ko afb fs oe ~db ~pr~d+’ Ubpsb 07 sjvs erp~dbp! ‑ @r~ ~db

jkofk~fkg wdfcd vb djub pbcbfubn oe dfi j`fnb~d fk vor!

jkn vb kbbn ko~ ~dj~ jkv ijk ~bjcd vor= `r~ js ~db sjib

jkofk~fkg ~bjcdb~d vor oe jaa ~dfkgs! jkn fs ~pr~d! jkn fs ko

afb! jkn bubk js f~ dj~d ~jrgd~ vor! vb sdjaa j`fnb fk dfi+’

^drs ~db Scpfx~rpb xajfkav s~j~bs ~dj~ ~db `bafbubp djs ~db

Doav Sxfpf~ ~o ~bjcd dfi jkn db cjk ~dbpb`v lkow ~db ~pr~d

fe db wjals fk ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~db Sxfpf~+

Fe ~db rkf~v xdfaosoxdv fs coppbc~ jkn j `bafbubp cjkko~ `b

cbp~jfk oe sorkn noc~pfkb! ~db coiijknibk~s jkn xpoifsbs

oe Gon djub `bcoib oe ko beebc~+

65



Aoufkg Mbsrs

^db rkf~v ioubibk~s cajfi ~dj~ jaa ~dosb wdo ‑aoub Mbsrs’

jkn ‑`bafbub ~db gosxba’ sdoran `b j`ab ~o ebaaowsdfx jkn

wopl ~ogb~dbp! `r~ ~dbpb fs j sbpfors xpo`abi wf~d ~dfs

xpfkcfxab+ F~ fgkopbs ~db ejc~ ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb ejasb cdpfs~s jkn

ejasb gosxbas+ Jaios~ 0!888 vbjps jgo ~db jxos~ab Xjra

wjpkbn oe ~dfs njkgbp=

‑@r~ F ebjp! abs~ `v jkv ibjks! js ~db sbpxbk~ `bgrfabnBub ~dporgd dfs sr`~ab~v! so vorp ifkns sdoran `bcopprx~bn epoi ~db sfixafcf~v ~dj~ fs fk Cdpfs~+ Eop fe db~dj~ coib~d xpbjcdb~d jko~dbp Mbsrs! wdoi wb djubko~ xpbjcdbn! op fe vb pbcbfub jko~dbp sxfpf~! wdfcd vbdjub ko~ pbcbfubn! op jko~dbp gosxba! wdfcd vb djubko~ jccbx~bn! vb ifgd~ wbaa `bjp wf~d dfi’ $0Copfk~dfjks ::=3)>&+

^db Copfk~dfjk cdrpcd wjs cjpbabss jkn cjpkja jkn ~oabpjk~

oe bppop! jkn Xjra wjs jepjfn ~dj~ fe ejasb ~bjcdbps cjib ~o

~dbi wf~d ‑jko~dbp sxfpf~’ jkn xpbjcdbn ‑jko~dbp Mbsrs’ op

‑jko~dbp gosxba!’ ~dbv woran xr~ rx wf~d ~dbi fks~bjn oe

sbxjpj~fkg epoi ~dbi+ F~ wjs ko~ ~dj~ ~dbv woran

kbcbssjpfav eoaaow op jccbx~ ~db bppop< f~ wjs ~dj~ ~dbv

woran `b ~oabpjk~ oe f~+

^dfs fs j xbpebc~ nbscpfx~fok oe ~dosb wdo jpb coiif~~bn ~o

~db rkf~v xpfkcfxab ~onjv+ Fks~bjn oe ~bs~fkg bubpv~dfkg

cjpberaav `v ~db Wopn oe Gon jkn xajfkav btxosfkg ejasb

cdpfs~s jkn ejasb gosxbas! ~dbv gaopv fk ~dbfp ‑rkf~v fk

nfubpsf~v+’

J xbpebc~ btjixab oe ~dfs fs ~db Ijpcd eop Mbsrs pjaafbswdfcd jpb dban jkkrjaav fk ijkv cork~pfbs jkn wdfcd sbbl

~o npjw ~ogb~dbp jaa xpoebssfkg Cdpfs~fjks eop j rkf~bn

‑~bs~fiokv eop Mbsrs+’

67



Ijp~v Labfk! ~db kj~fokja coopnfkj~op eop Ijpcd eop Mbsrs

fk Cjkjnj fk :665! ~bs~fefbn ~dj~ Iopioks wbpb wbacoib

~o xjp~fcfxj~b+

Jajk Sdjpxb oe O~~jwj wpo~b ~o Labfk ok Ijv 0 oe ~dj~

vbjp jkn jslbn! ‑F ji fk~bpbs~bn fk ~db Ijpcd eop Mbsrs+

Cjk j nbuor~ Iopiok wdo aoubs Mbsrs ijpcd fk ~db

ijpcd?’

Labfk pbxafbn= ‑JAA jpb wbacoib ~o mofk rs+ Dowbubp! wb

ijlb f~ cabjp ~dj~ ~dfs fs j ijpcd EOP Mbsrs+ F~ fs ko~ j

xpo~bs~))wb jpb ko~ xpoio~fkg jkv~dfkg! `r~ j xbpsok

$Mbsrs& jkn wb wfaa ko~ jaaow Cdpfs~fjks op o~dbpwfsb ~o

xjpjnb ~dbfp ujpfors cjrsbs+’

Sdjpxb wpo~b jgjfk ok Ijv :: jkn jslbn eop cokefpij~fok

j`or~ Iopioks xjp~fcfxj~fkg fk Ijpcd eop Mbsrs+ Db sjfn=

‑Fe F wjk~ ~o cjaa ivsbae j goon Iopiok ~dbk F irs~`bafbub wdj~ ~db banbps ~bjcd! ~dj~ Arcfebp fs Mbsrs‖`po~dbp! jkn ~dj~ Mbsrs wjs j xoavgjifs~! jkn ~dj~ Dfswfubs fkcarnbn Ijpv jkn Ijp~dj $~db sfs~bps oe Aj}jprs& jkn Ijpv Ijgnjabkb+ ^dfs fs jaa op~donotIopiokfsi+ +++ Cjk j nbuor~ Iopiok wdo `bafbubs~dbsb ~dfkgs `r~ aoubs Mbsrs jkn wjk~s ~o xpjfsb dfis~faa ijpcd fk ~db Ijpcd eop Mbsrs?’

Labfk pbxafbn= ‑KO OKB LKOWS wdj~ fs gofkg ok fk

okb‖s dbjp~ btcbx~ Gon jkn ~dj~ xbpsok+ Mbsrs ~oan rs fe wb

`bafbub ok dfi jkn lbbx dfs coiijknibk~s))fe wb djub j

xbpsokja bkcork~bp wf~d dfi jkn LKOW wb jpb fknwba~ `v

dfs Sxfpf~ ~dbk wb JPB dfs cdfanpbk+ FK JKV BUBK^! F

S^FAA IJFK^JFK ~dj~ JAA jpb wbacoib ~o mofk rs+

Dowbubp! wb ijlb f~ cabjp ~dj~ ~dfs fs j ijpcd EOP Mbsrs+

F~ fs ko~ j xpo~bs~))wb jpb ko~ xpoio~fkg jkv~dfkg! `r~ j

xbpsok $Mbsrs& jkn wb wfaa ko~ jaaow Cdpfs~fjks op

64



o~dbpwfsb ~o xjpjnb ~dbfp ujpfors cjrsbs+’ $bixdjsfs fk ~db

opfgfkja&

^dfs s~j~bibk~ nbioks~pj~bs jk fkcpbnfàb fgkopjkcb oe ~dbWopn oe Gon jkn oe ~db bssbkcb oe ~prb Cdpfs~fjkf~v+

Coksfnbp soib oe ~db ejasb cdpfs~s ~dj~ jpb fk ~db wopan

~onjv=

:+ ^db Wjebp Mbsrs wdo fs wopsdfxxbn fk ~db Poijk

Cj~doafc ijss+

0+ ^db Iopiok Mbsrs wdo wjs Arcfebp‖s `po~dbp jkn j

xoavgjifs~+

3+ ^db Ionbpkfs~ Mbsrs wdo wjs ko~ òpk oe j ufpgfk+

>+ ^db Rkf~jpfjk Mbsrs wdo wjs ko~ Gon+

2+ ^db Rkfubpsjafs~ Mbsrs wdo wfaa ko~ sbkn jkvokb ~o Dbaa+

5+ ^db Xposxbpf~v Mbsrs wdo wjs wbja~dv+

7+ ^db Ajrgdfkg Mbsrs wdo ‑sajvs’ xboxab wf~d dfs sxfpf~

jkn cjrsbs ~dbi ~o ajrgd rkcok~poaajàv jkn ~o s~jggbp aflb

nprkl ibk+

4+ ^db Sbae)bs~bbi Mbsrs wdo kbubp cjaabn ijk j sfkkbp

jkn wdo cjib ibpbav ~o `rfan rx dfs sbae)fijgb+

6+ ^db Pbuoar~fokjpv Mbsrs wdo wjs ~db eorknbp oe

Af`bpj~fok ^dboaogv+

:8+ ^db Sdjcl Mbsrs wdo fs cooa jkn kok)mrngibk~ja jkn

wdosb Ej~dbp fs j woijk+

::+ ^db Dfknr Mbsrs wdo abjpkbn ~o `b ‑~db cdpfs~’ j~ ~db

ebb~ oe grprs+

66



:0+ ^db Fsajifc Mbsrs wdo nfn ko~ nfb eop ijk‖s sfks+

^dbsb jpb mrs~ j ebw oe ~db ejasb cdpfs~s fk ~db wopan ~onjv+

@bwjpb oe ~dosb wdo pbersb ~o btxosb ejasb cdpfs~s jknejasb gosxbas+ F~ fs fixossfàb ~o aoub ~db ~prb Mbsrs

pbubjabn fk Scpfx~rpb wf~dor~ dj~fkg ejasb okbs+ ^dosb wdo

cajfi ~dj~ Gon djs cjaabn ~dbi ~o xpbjcd okav j xosf~fub

ibssjgb jkn ko~ ~o bk~bp fk~o ~dboaogfcja cok~poubpsv jpb

gpbj~av nbcbfubn+ ^dbv jpb pb`bas ~o ~db cabjp

coiijknibk~s oe Gon+

‑Eop ijkv nbcbfubps jpb bk~bpbn fk~o ~db wopan! wdocokebss ko~ ~dj~ Mbsrs Cdpfs~ fs coib fk ~db eabsd+ ^dfsfs j nbcbfubp jkn jk jk~fcdpfs~+ Aool ~o vorpsbaubs! ~dj~wb aosb ko~ ~dosb ~dfkgs wdfcd wb djub wporgd~! `r~~dj~ wb pbcbfub j eraa pbwjpn+ WDOSOBUBP^PJKSGPBSSB^D! JKN J@FNB^D KO^ FK ^DBNOC^PFKB OE CDPFS ! DJ^D KO^ GON+ Db ~dj~

j`fnb~d fk ~db noc~pfkb oe Cdpfs~! db dj~d ò~d ~dbEj~dbp jkn ~db Sok’ $0 Modk 7)6&+

‑@baoubn! wdbk F gjub jaa nfafgbkcb ~o wpf~b rk~o vor oe ~db coiiok sjauj~fok! f~ wjs kbbnera eop ib ~o wpf~brk~o vor! jkn btdop~ VOR ^DJ^ VB SDORANBJPKBSÂV COK^BKN EOP ^DB EJF^D wdfcd wjsokcb nbafubpbn rk~o ~db sjfk~s’ $Mrnb 3&+

:88



Fk Bssbk~fjas Rkf~v

^db ionbpk bujkgbafcja xdfaosoxdv fs oe~bk s~j~bn `v ~db

nfc~ri! ‑Fk bssbk~fjas rkf~v< fk kok)bssbk~fjas af`bp~v< fk jaa

~dfkgs cdjpf~v+’

^dorgd coiiokav j~~pf`r~bn ~o Jrgrs~fkb! f~ wjs

jxxjpbk~av efps~ s~j~bn `v ~db :7~d)cbk~rpv Ar~dbpjk

Prxbp~rs Ibanbkfrs $j+l+j+ Xb~bp Ibfnbpafk&+

F~ `bcjib ~db pjaavfkg cpv oe ~db Iopjufjks! wdo djn j

woknbpera ifssfokjpv }bja `r~ pb~jfkbn srcd Poijkfs~

dbpbsfbs js fkejk~ `jx~fsi jkn jk opnjfkbn xpfbs~doon jkn

wdo xpoio~bn rkf~v j`oub ~db j`soar~b ~pr~d oe Gon‖s

Wopn+

^db ‑bssbk~fjas rkf~v’ xpfkcfxab wjs jnox~bn `v ~db

erknjibk~jafs~ ioubibk~ oe ~db efps~ djae oe ~db 08~d

cbk~rpv+ Erknjibk~jafsi eocrsbn ok j rkf~v `rfa~ jporkn

‑~db erknjibk~jas oe ~db ejf~d’ wdfab nowkxajvfkg ‑ifkop

fssrbs+’ ^db xpjgij~fc o`mbc~fub wjs ~o cpbj~b ~db ajpgbs~

xossf`ab rkf~bn epok~ jgjfks~ ~dboaogfcja ionbpkfsi+

^dfs djs `bbk j djaaijpl oe ~db Sor~dbpk @jx~fs~

Cokubk~fok js wbaa+ Fk nbscpf`fkg wdv db fs gajn ~o `b j

Sor~dbpk @jx~fs~! Xjs~op @bk Sfixsok sjvs! ‑F'i cjx~fuj~bn

`v ~db coiif~ibk~ ~o rkf~v fk ~db bssbk~fjas jkn ifssfok oe

Cdpfs~ wdfab jaaowfkg nfubpsf~v fk ~db kokbssbk~fjas jkn

ib~donoaogv’ $‑^wo Nfubpgbk~ Ufbws epoi Vorkg

Xjs~ops!’ @jx~fs~ Xpbss! Jxpfa :>! 08::&+

S@C abjnbps Njufn Noclbpv! ^fio~dv Gbopgb! jkn ^doi

Pjfkbp btxpbss ~db xpbujfafkg xdfaosoxdv fk ~db eoaaowfkg

wopns=

:8:



‑^dorgd F ijv nfsjgpbb wf~d soib ok sbcoknjpv jkn~bp~fjpv fssrbs! F wfaa ko~ ab~ ~dosb xofk~s oe nfsjgpbbibk~ ~bjp nowk `pfngbs oe pbaj~foksdfxs wf~d`po~dbps jkn sfs~bps fk Cdpfs~+ +++ Wb kbbn j kbw sxfpf~oe ir~rja pbsxbc~ jkn drifaf~v ~o sbpub ~ogb~dbp wf~d~dosb wf~d wdoi wb djub nfeebpbkcbs oe cokufc~fok jknoxfkfok+ F~ fs xossfàb ~o doan djkns wf~d `po~dbps jknsfs~bps wdo nfsjgpbb ok sbcoknjpv jkn ~bp~fjpv ij~~bpsoe ~dboaogv+++’ $@rfanfkg @pfngbs! 0887! xx+ ::! 3>&+

^dfs nfc~ri djs `bbk jk fk~bgpja xdfaosoxdv oe Kbw

Bujkgbafcjafsi+ ^dbv ifgd~ s~jkn eop ~bk op ~wbk~v op

~dfp~v ‑cjpnfkjas!’ `r~ ~dbv pbersb ~o ijlb jk fssrb oe ~dbWDOAB corksba oe Gon+ Xjp~fcrajpav wdbk f~ coibs ~o

okb‖s jssocfj~foks! ~dbv `bafbub ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb ‑kok)

bssbk~fjas’ ~dj~ sdoran ko~ gb~ fk ~db wjv oe rkf~v+

Ijkv Fknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~s jpb kow `rvfkg fk~o ~dfs

dbpbsv+

^db Fknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~ Epfbkns Fk~bpkj~fokja cokebpbkcb

fk 08:8! dos~bn `v Cajpbkcb Sbt~ok oe Cpowk Coaabgb! wjs

`jsbn ok ~dfs xpbifsb! ~dj~ srcd ~dfkgs js ~db @fàb ~bt~

fssrb! npbss! irsfc! Cjaufkfsi! ionbs jkn cjknfnj~bs oe

`jx~fsi! jkn sbxjpj~fok epoi ~db S@C jpb ‑kok)bssbk~fjas’

~dj~ sdoran ko~ dfknbp ebaaowsdfx jkn jssocfj~fkg ~ogb~dbp

eop ~db sjlb oe bujkgbafsi jkn wopan ifssfoks+

Fk dfs òol ^dfklfkg Or~sfnb ~db @ot! Fknbxbknbk~

Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ $FE@& abjnbp Cdjpabs Lbbk sjfn=

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F ifgd~ `b rkcoieop~jàb wf~d dow ~dbv jpb djknabn `viv `pb~dpbk! `r~ F cjk s~faa ebaaowsdfx wf~d ~dbi bf~dbp xbpsokjaav op fk soib cjsbs! bccabsfjs~fcjaav+ Wb kbbn~o nbubaox soib —bcribkfcjafsi wf~dfk ~db xjpjib~bpsoe erknjibk~jafsi+‖ +++ Ab~‖s nbcfnb wdo ~db bkbifbs oe ~db cposs jpb jkn nfufnb epoi ~dbi+ ^dbk ab~‖s nbcfnb

:80



wdo ~db epfbkns oe gpjcb jpb jkn ~oabpj~b ~dbi+ Wbnok‖~ djub ~o rkf~b `r~ wb no kbbn rkf~v’ $x+ 4:&+

Cajv~ok Pbbn oe Sor~dajlb @jx~fs~ Cdrpcd! Sor~dajlb!btjs! jkn dbjn Gao`ja Cdrpcd Xajk~bps! fk dfs xjxbp ok

‑Bccabsfjs~fcja Sbxjpj~fok!’ sjvs wb sdoran ko~ sbxjpj~b

oubp kok)erknjibk~jas+ Db zro~bs Modk Pfcb fk sjvfkg ~dj~

wb sdoran wopl wf~d ~dosb wdo nfsjgpbb ok `jx~fsi!

~okgrbs! xpoxdbcv! babc~fok! jssocfj~fok wf~d S@C+ Pbbn

cokcarnbs! ‑Wb orgd~ ~o mofk bubpv wfaafkg! wjpi)dbjp~bn

Cdpfs~fjk fk jnujkcfkg orp Aopn‖s lfkgnoi wdfab f~ fs njv+’

Lbufk @jrnbp! xpbsfnbk~ oe Cbk~pja @jx~fs~ Sbifkjpv fk

Ifkkbso~j! xpjfsbs ‑coksbpuj~fub bujkgbafcjas’ fk dfs àog

jkn xpoio~bs ~db ‑kok)bssbk~fja’ xdfaosoxdv=

‑Coksbpuj~fub bujkgbafcjafsi bkcoixjssbs j nfubpsbsxbc~pri oe Cdpfs~fjk abjnbps+ Modk Xfxbp! Ijpl Nbubp!

Modk IjcJp~drp! N+ J+ Cjpsok! Ja Iodabp! P+ C+Sxpora +++ ^dbsb fknfufnrjas jkn opgjkf}j~foks btdf`f~ jpbijpljàb pjkgb oe nfeebpbkcbs! `r~ ~dbv cjk `bcajssbn ~ogb~dbp `bcjrsb oe ~dbfp ufgoporscoiif~ibk~ ~o jkn nbebksb oe ~db gosxba’ $Fk ~db Kfcl oe ^fib! @jrnbp‖s àog! Ijpcd 08:8&+

Fk j ijfafkg ~o f~s jarikf jkkorkcfkg f~s Eb`prjpv 08::

Kj~fokja Abjnbpsdfx Cokebpbkcb! Cjaujpv @jx~fs~ Sbifkjpvoe Ajksnjab! Xbkksvaujkfj! s~j~bn=

‑Wb sdoran gpjk~ bjcd o~dbp ~db epbbnoi ~o doannfeebpfkg ufbwxofk~s jkn ~o pbepjfk epoi cjrs~fc ab~~bp)wpf~fkg cjixjfgks ~o op jòr~ ~dosb wf~d wdoi okbifgd~ nfeebp+ +++ fk orp }bja ~o bjpkbs~av cok~bkn eop ~dbejf~d! erknjibk~jafsi `bcjib iopb cokcbpkbn jòr~IFKOP FSSRBS jkn abss cokcbpkbn jòr~ wdj~ ~db

@fàb cabjpav xpbsbk~s js ^DB IJMOPS’ $Jrg+ 02!08:8&+

^db ‑ifkop fssrbs’ jpb jaabgbn ~o `b srcd ~dfkgs js wdfcd

Gpbbl ~bt~ op Bkgafsd ~pjksaj~fok ~o rsb! npbss s~jknjpns!

:83



irsfcja s~vabs! babc~fok! jkn `jx~fsi+ Wb jpb ~oan ~dj~ srcd

~dfkgs sdoran ko~ nb~bpifkb ebaaowsdfx+ ^db sbifkjpv rsbn

~dfs xdfaosoxdv ~o btxajfk wdv ~dbv fkuf~bn Bn Wbasd! j

Xpbs`v~bpfjk! js j sxbjlbp ~o ~dbfp jkkrja Kj~fokja

Abjnbpsdfx Cokebpbkcb fk 0886 jkn Kbw Bujkgbafcja

Sor~dbpk @jx~fs~ Ijpl Nbubp fk 08:8+ $Nbubp‖s cdrpcd!

Cjxf~oa Dfaa @jx~fs~ fk Wjsdfkg~ok! N+C+! fs j ibi`bp oe

~db Nfs~pfc~ oe Coari`fj @jx~fs~ Cokubk~fok! wdfcd fs

xjp~kbpbn wf~d ~db ubpv af`bpja Jibpfcjk @jx~fs~ Cdrpcd!

Cooxbpj~fub @jx~fs~ Ebaaowsdfx! jkn @jx~fs~ WopanJaafjkcb+&

^dbpb fs ko srxxop~ fk ~db @fàb eop ~db ‑fk kok)bssbk~fjas

af`bp~v’ noc~pfkb+ F~ fs j ijk)ijnb dbpbsv cpbj~bn ~o erp~dbp

j xpjgij~fc o`mbc~fub+

Coksfnbp ~db Oan ^bs~jibk~ ajw+ F~s pbzrfpbibk~ wjssriijpf}bn fk Nbr~bpokoiv 07=05! wdfcd Xjra cf~bn js

eoaaows )) ‑Crpsbn fs bubpv okb ~dj~ cok~fkrb~d ko~ fk JAA

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~dbi’ $Gjaj~fjks 3=:8&+ ô eofs~ j ‑kok)bssbk~fja’

xdfaosoxdv ok ~db ajw oe Iosbs woran nbs~pov f~s

beebc~fubkbss ~o cokufc~ oe sfk jkn ~o `b ~db scdooaijs~bp ~o

abjn ~o Cdpfs~ $Poi+ 3=:6< Gja+ 3=0>&+

^dbpb fs ko ‑kok)bssbk~fja’ xdfaosoxdv fk ~db Kbw

bs~jibk~! bf~dbp+

^db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ coiijknbn Dfs nfscfxabs ~o ~bjcd

~dbfp cokubp~s ‑~o o`sbpub JAA ~dfkgs wdj~sobubp F djub

coiijknbn vor’ $Ij~+ 04=08&+

^db jxos~ab Xjra pbifknbn ~db banbps j~ Bxdbsrs ~dj~ ~db

pbjsok db wjs epbb epoi ~db àoon oe jaa ibk wjs ~dj~ db

djn xpbjcdbn ~db WDOAB corksba oe Gon $Jc~s 08=07&+

:8>



^db iopb xajfkav jkn ebpubk~av vor xpbjcd ~db wdoab

corksba oe Gon! ~db abss aflbav f~ wfaa `b ~dj~ vor wfaa mofk

djkns fk ifkfs~pv wf~d ~dosb wdo doan nfeebpbk~ noc~pfkb+

Xjra fks~prc~bn ^fio~dv ~o lbbx ~db ~pr~d ‑wf~dor~ SXO^!

rkpb`rlbjàb! rk~fa ~db jxxbjpfkg oe orp Aopn Mbsrs

Cdpfs~’ $: ^fi+ 5=:>&+ J sxo~ fs j sijaa! sbbifkgav

fksfgkfefcjk~ ~dfkg+ ^dj~ xjp~fcrajp bxfs~ab cok~jfks

coiijknibk~s jòr~ srcd ~dfkgs js ~db woijk‖s poab fk

ifkfs~pv! wdfcd fs wfnbav coksfnbpbn j ‑kok)bssbk~fja’

~onjv+ Xjra ~jrgd~ ^fio~dv ~o djub jk bk~fpbav nfeebpbk~

jxxpojcd ~owjpn srcd ~bjcdfkgs+

Fk : Copfk~dfjks ::=0 Xjra sjfn ~o ~db cdrpcd j~ Copfk~d!

‑Kow F xpjfsb vor! `pb~dpbk! ~dj~ vb pbibi`bp ib fk JAA

~dfkgs! jkn lbbx ~db opnfkjkcbs! js F nbafubpbn ~dbi ~o

vor+’ ^dfs xjssjgb nbjas wf~d djfp abkg~d jkn ~db Aopn‖sSrxxbp! wdfcd jpb wfnbav coksfnbpbn ~o `b ‑kok)

bssbk~fjas!’ vb~ Xjra xpjfsbn ~db cdrpcd eop pbibi`bpfkg

dfi fk JAA ~dfkgs+

Wb lkow ~dj~ ko~ jaa noc~pfkb djs ~db sjib sfgkfefcjkcb

jkn wbfgd~! `r~ kokb oe f~ fs ‑kok)bssbk~fja’ fk jkv sbksb+

F cdjaabkgb jkvokb ~o sdow ib wdbpb ~db Scpfx~rpb

bkcorpjgbs ~db `bafbubp ~o ~pbj~ soib noc~pfkb js ‑kok)

bssbk~fja’ op ~o ‑s~jkn eop ~db cjpnfkja ~pr~ds jkn nowkxajv

~db xbpfxdbpjas+’

Soib ~pv ~o rsb Poijks :> ~o srxxop~ ~dfs xdfaosoxdv! `r~

Poijks :> nobs ko~ sjv ~dj~ soib @fàb noc~pfkb fs kok)

bssbk~fja+ F~ sjvs ~dj~ wb jpb ~o jaaow okb jko~dbp af`bp~v fk

ij~~bps fk wdfcd ~db @fàb fs sfabk~ * ^db btjixabs ~dj~ Xjra

gfubs ~o faars~pj~b dfs ~bjcdfkg jpb nfb~ jkn lbbxfkg oe doav

njvs+ ^dosb jpb ~dfkgs ~dj~ ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ ejf~d fs

:82



sfabk~ jòr~+ ^dbpb fs ko noc~pfkb oe nfb~ fk ~db Kbw

bs~jibk~! so f~ fs s~pfc~av j ij~~bp oe Cdpfs~fjk af`bp~v+

^dfs pbifkns rs ~dj~ ~db okav ~prb ‑kok)bssbk~fja’ fs j xbpsokja oxfkfok ko~ `jsbn soafnav rxok Scpfx~rpb+

Mrnb fks~prc~bn bubpv `bafbubp ~o ‑bjpkbs~av cok~bkn eop ~db

ejf~d okcb nbafubpbn ~o ~db sjfk~s’ $Mrnb 3&+ Js Mrnb nfn ko~

nbafkbj~b wdj~ xjp~ oe ~db ejf~d fs ~o `b nbebknbn! ~db

oùfors ibjkfkg fs ~dj~ wb sdoran nbebkn wdj~bubp jsxbc~

oe ~db ejf~d fs rknbp j~~jcl j~ j xjp~fcrajp ~fib+

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wdo fs ~o sjv wdj~ ~dfs ifgd~ `b?

^db ejc~ fs ~dj~ okcb jk fknfufnrja jnox~s ~db ‑kok)

bssbk~fjas’ xdfaosoxdv! dfs afs~ oe ‑kok)bssbk~fjas’ ~bkns ~o

gpow js ~fib xjssbs jkn js dfs jssocfj~foks `pojnbk+ F~ fs jsafxxbpv saoxb+

:85



^db Efub Erknjibk~jas

Soib djub cokcoc~bn j xosf~fok ~dj~ erknjibk~jafsi

dfs~opfcjaav wjs ko~ sbxjpj~fs~fc! `r~ wjs ibpbav j `bafbe fk

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dfs~opv fs bufnbk~ epoi ~db eoaaowfkg ejc~s+

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`bbk j iokoaf~dfc ioubibk~+ F~ djs ~jlbk ijkv nfeebpbk~

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~db `j~~ab! wdo djub pbersbn ~o o`bv ~db Wopn oe Gon jkn

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aflb ~db jk~ nbscpf`fkg ~db babxdjk~+ ^dbpb jpb ijkv jsxbc~s

~o erknjibk~jafsi jkn nbscpf`fkg ~db ioubibk~ nbxbkns

soibwdj~ rxok okb‖s xbpsxbc~fub+ Bubk so! ~o cajfi ~dj~

erknjibk~jafsi wjs KO^ cdjpjc~bpf}bn `v ifaf~jkcv eop ~pr~d! ~o cajfi ~dj~ efgd~fkg jkn sbxjpj~fkg djub KO^ `bbk

j sfgkfefcjk~ jsxbc~ oe dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi! fs ~o eav fk

~db ejcb oe dfs~opv+

:+ ^dj~ dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi wjs iopb ~djk ~db

jeefpij~fok oe ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas’ fs s~j~bn `v f~s

dfs~opfjks+

Gbopgb Ijpsnbk gfubs ~dfs oubpufbw=

‑@v ~db :638s! ~dbk f~ `bcjib xjfkeraav cabjp ~dj~pbeopi epoi wf~dfk coran ko~ xpbubk~ ~db sxpbjn oe ionbpkfsi fk ijmop kop~dbpk nbkoifkj~foks! IOPB

JKN IOPB ERKNJIBK^JAFS^S @BGJK ^O IJLB

S B X J P J ^ F O K E P O I J I B P F C J‖S I J M O PNBKOIFKJ^FOKS JK JP^FCAB OE EJF^D+ Ja~dorgdios~ wdo srxxop~bn erknjibk~jafsi fk ~db :608s s~faapbijfkbn fk ~dbfp nbkoifkj~foks! ijkv @jx~fs~nfsxbksj~fokjafs~s jkn j ebw fkearbk~fja Xpbs`v~bpfjkswbpb nbijknfkg sbxjpj~fsi’ $Ijpsnbk! Pbeopifkg

:87



Erknjibk~jafsi= Eraabp Sbifkjpv jkn ~db Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi! Gpjkn Pjxfns= Bbpnijks! :647! x+ 7&+

Gbopgb Noaajp! okb oe ~db ebw dfs~opfjks oe ~dberknjibk~jafs~ ioubibk~ ~o wpf~b epoi ~db s~jknxofk~ oe j

gbkrfkb erknjibk~jafs~! gfubs ~dfs nbefkf~fok=

‑Dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi fs ~db af~bpja fk~bpxpb~j~fok oe jaa ~db jeefpij~foks jkn j~~f~rnbs oe ~db @fàb jkn ~dbifaf~jk~ btxosrpb oe jaa kok)`fàfcja jeefpij~foks jknj~~f~rnbs’ $Noaajp! J Dfs~opv oe Erknjibk~jafsi fk

Jibpfcj! :673&+

Noaajp nfufnbs erknjibk~jafsi fk~o ~dpbb xbpfons+ Epoi

:472):688 coksbpuj~fub abjnbps pjfsbn ~db `jkkbp jgjfks~

Ionbpkfsi wf~dfk ~db nbkoifkj~foks+ Epoi :688):632

~dbsb s~prggabs pbsra~bn fk ibk abjufkg ~dbfp nbkoifkj~foks

~o eopi sbxjpj~b cdrpcdbs jkn gporxs+ ‑^dbv wbpb ~db

jpcdf~bc~s oe bccabsfjs~fcja sbxjpj~fok+’ Epoi :632):643 ~db

sbcokn gbkbpj~fok Erknjibk~jafs~s cok~fkrbn ~db `j~~ab

epoi or~sfnb oe ~db ijfkafkb nbkoifkj~foks jkn jaso

cok~bknbn jgjfks~ ~db Kbw Bujkgbafcja ioubibk~+ F~ fs

xajfk ~dj~ ~dfs dfs~opfjk! wdo gjub j sfgkfefcjk~ xop~fok oe

dfs afeb ~o ~db btjifkj~fok oe ~dbsb ij~~bps! fnbk~fefbs

dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi wf~d bjpkbs~ ifaf~jkcv jkn `fàfcja

sbxjpj~fok+

Njufn O+ @bjab! wdo jaso djs wpf~~bk j dfs~opv oe

erknjibk~jafsi epoi j erknjibk~jafs~ xbpsxbc~fub! gfubs

~dfs nbefkf~fok=

‑^db bssbkcb oe Erknjibk~jafsi +++ fs ~db rkzrjafefbnjccbx~jkcb oe jkn o`bnfbkcb ~o ~db Scpfx~rpbs+ +++ ^db

xpbsbk~ s~rnv pbubjas ~dj~ xpb):638 Erknjibk~jafsiwjs kokcokeopifs~! wdfab xos~):638 Erknjibk~jafsidjs `bbk sbxjpj~fs~’ $@bjab! Fk Xrpsrf~ oe Xrpf~v=

Jibpfcjk Erknjibk~jafsi Sfkcb :428 ! @o` MokbsRkfubpsf~v Xpbss! :645! x+ 2&+

:84



F oeebp okb erp~dbp faars~pj~fok oe ~db nbefkf~fok oe

erknjibk~jafsi rsbn `v f~s dfs~opfjks+ Modk Jsd`pool djs

nbbx poo~s fk ~db erknjibk~jafs~ ioubibk~+ Dfs ej~dbp!

Wfaafji! wjs `porgd~ ~o ~pfja `v ~db Xpbs`v~bpfjk

nbkoifkj~fok `bcjrsb oe dfs s~jkn jgjfks~ Ionbpkfsi+

Je~bp dfs sbxjpj~fok epoi Xpbs`v~bpfjkfsi! Wfaafji

Jsd`pool bs~jàfsdbn jk fknbxbknbk~ erknjibk~jafs~

cdrpcd+ Db wpo~b jk fkcfsfub òol ok Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi

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bnf~fok oe ~dfs wopl jxxbjpbn fk :624+ Dfs sok! Modk! je~bp j xbpfon oe ~ovfkg wf~d Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi js j vorkg ijk!

`bcjib j soafn Erknjibk~jafs~ abjnbp fk dfs owk pfgd~+ Dfs

òol Kbw Kbr~pjafsi FF= Btxosfkg ~db Gpjv oe

Coixpoifsb fs! fk ~dfs jr~dop‖s oxfkfok! okb oe ~db `bs~

òols ok ~dfs sr`mbc~+ Fk aoolfkg `jcl oubp ~db

erknjibk~jafs~ ioubibk~ sfkcb ~db :638s! Modk Jsd`pool

nbefkbs erknjibk~jafsi fk ~dfs wjv=

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jni f~~ fk g ~dj ~ ~db v dju b pbx rn fj~ bn `f àf cja

erknjibk~jafsi jkn djub coixpoifsbn ~db Wopn oe Gon

jkn jnox~bn Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi! ~dbsb pbufsfokfs~s jpb

~pvfkg ~o pbnbefkb erknjibk~jafsi ~o ef~ ~dbfp `jclsafnnbk

coknf~fok+

0+ ^dj~ dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi wjs iopb ~djk ~db

jeefpij~fok oe ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas’ fs xpoubk `v ~db

btfs~bkcb oe Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi+

:86



Fe f~ wbpb ~prb ~dj~ dfs~opfcja erknjibk~jafsi wjs ibpbav j

s~jkn eop ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas!’ ~db Kbw Bujkgbafcja

ioubibk~ oe ~db :6>8s woran djub ijnb ko sbksb!

`bcjrsb Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi djs jawjvs dban ~o ‑~db efub

erknjibk~jas+’ Fk ejc~! Djpoan Oclbkgj! okb oe ~db ej~dbps

oe Kbw Bujkgbafcjafsi! sjfn ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb j~ abjs~ sbubpja

no}bk erknjibk~jas*

F~ wjs ko~ j s~jkn eop ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas’ ~dj~ Kbw

Bujkgbafcjas xpo~bs~bn+ ^db lbvko~b oe Kbw

Bujkgbafcjafsi wjs ~db pbxrnfj~fok oe ~db sbxjpj~fsi jkn

o~dbp ‑ifaf~jk~ jsxbc~s’ oe oan)afkb erknjibk~jafsi! wdfcd

xpoubs ~dj~ oan)afkb erknjibk~jafsi wjs ~vxfcjaav

cdjpjc~bpf}bn `v ~dbsb ~dfkgs+

Fk Pbeopifkg Erknjibk~jafsi! wdfcd fs j dfs~opv oe Eraabp

^dboaogfcja Sbifkjpv! dfs~opfjk Gbopgb I+ Ijpsnbk ijlbsf~ xajfk ~dj~ Eraabp‖s bjpav abjnbps wbpb cokscforsav

pbmbc~fkg ~db kbgj~fub jsxbc~s oe oan)afkb erknjibk~jafsi+

^db ~f~ab oe Ijpsnbk‖s òol f~sbae fs bufnbkcb oe ~db

ifaf~jk~ cdjpjc~bp oe dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi+

F~ fs cabjp ~o dokbs~ dfs~opfjks ~dj~ erknjibk~jafsi efe~v

vbjps jgo wjs cdjpjc~bpf}bn `v IFAF^JKCV! `v jwfaafkgkbss ~o nbja wf~d ~db KBGJ^FUBS! jkn `v

SBXJPJ^FOK! jkn f~ wjs ~dfs ejc~ ~dj~ xponrcbn ~db Kbw

Bujkgbafcja pbjc~fok jgjfks~ erknjibk~jafsi+

3+ ^dj~ dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafsi wjs iopb ~djk ~db

jeefpij~fok oe ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas’ fs jclkowabngbn

`v dfs~opfc erknjibk~jafs~ opgjkf}j~foks jknxràfcj~foks+

Coksfnbp ^db Erknjibk~jafs~ ! xràfsdbn `v M+ Epjkl

Koppfs! jk fkearbk~fja erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ abjnbp+

::8



Fknbxbknbk~ @jx~fs~ dfs~opfjk Gbopgb Noaajp nbscpf`bn

Koppfs‖s ^db Erknjibk~jafs~ fk ~dfs wjv=

‑^db Erknjibk~jafs~ jajpibn jkn jabp~bn +++ Pbjnfkg~db :608):638 `jcl fssrbs oe ^db Erknjibk~jafs~ ! okbcjk jaios~ sbb ~db siolb jkn dbjp ~db `j~~ab cpfbs oe ~dosb ~fibs’ $Noaajp! ^db Efgd~ eop Erknjibk~jafsi!xràfsdbn `v ~db jr~dop! :643! x+ 3&+

Koppfs‖s xjxbp fs pbxpbsbk~j~fub oe ~dj~ gbkbpj~fok oe

erknjibk~jafsi fk ~dj~ f~ wjs j gbkbpj~fok ko~bn eop f~s

òan ifaf~jkcv eop ~db ~pr~d+

Coksfnbp ~db eoaaowfkg nbefkf~fok oe erknjibk~jafsi ~dj~

wjs gfubk `v ~db Wopan Cokgpbss oe Erknjibk~jafs~s!

wdfcd ib~ fk :675 fk Rsdbp Djaa! Bnfk`rpgd! Sco~ajkn=

J Erknjibk~jafs~ fs j òpk)jgjfk `bafbubp fk ~db AopnMbsrs Cdpfs~ wdo))

:+ Ijfk~jfks jk fiioujàb jaabgfjkcb ~o ~db fkbppjk~!fkejaafàb! jkn ubp`jaav fksxfpbn @fàb+

0+ @bafbubs ~dj~ wdj~bubp ~db @fàb sjvs fs so+

3+ Mrngbs jaa ~dfkgs `v ~db @fàb jkn fs mrngbn okav `v~db @fàb+

>+ Jeefpis ~db eorknj~fokja ~pr~ds oe ~db dfs~opfcCdpfs~fjk Ejf~d= ^db noc~pfkb oe ~db ^pfkf~v< ~dbfkcjpkj~fok! ufpgfk `fp~d! sr`s~f~r~fokjpv j~okbibk~!ònfav pbsrppbc~fok jkn gaopfors jscbksfok! jknSbcokn Coifkg oe ~db Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~< ~db kbw `fp~d~dporgd pbgbkbpj~fok `v ~db Doav Sxfpf~< ~dbpbsrppbc~fok oe ~db sjfk~s ~o afeb b~bpkja< ~dbpbsrppbc~fok oe ~db rkgonav ~o efkja mrngibk~ jknb~bpkja nbj~d< ~db ebaaowsdfx oe ~db sjfk~s! wdo jpb ~db

ònv oe Cdpfs~+

2+ Xpjc~fcbs efnbaf~v ~o ~dj~ Ejf~d jkn bknbjuops ~oxpbjcd f~ ~o bubpv cpbj~rpb+

:::



5+ Btxosbs jkn sbxjpj~bs epoi jaa bccabsfjs~fcja nbkfjaoe ~dj~ Ejf~d! coixpoifsb wf~d bppop! jkn jxos~jsvepoi ~db ^pr~d+

7+ Bjpkbs~av cok~bkns eop ~db Ejf~d okcb nbafubpbn+

^db Cokgpbss sriijpf}bn f~s nbefkf~fok ~dfs wjv=

‑Erknjibk~jafsi fs ifaf~jk~ op~donotv sb~ ok efpb wf~d

sorawfkkfkg }bja+’

Cokcarsfok

Js ko~bn j~ ~db `bgfkkfkg oe ~dfs s~rnv! ijkv ujpvfkg

nbefkf~foks oe erknjibk~jafsi djub `bbk gfubk ~dporgd ~db

vbjps! jkn ~db ~pr~d oe ~db ij~~bp fs ~dj~ erknjibk~jafsi djs

~jlbk j gpbj~ ujpfb~v oe eopis+ Fk ejc~! wb djub ko fk~bpbs~

fk `bfkg xjp~v ~o erknjibk~jafsi js j ioubibk~! sfkcb f~

djs `bbk fk~bpnbkoifkj~fokja fk xbpsxbc~fub jkn djs

coixpoifsbn ~db Wopn oe Gon eop ~db sjlb oe j `pojnbp rkf~v+ Wdbk wb rsb ~db ~bpi ‑erknjibk~jafs~’ ~o nbscpf`b

orpsbaubs! wb jpb pbebppfkg ~o f~ js j svkokvi eop j

sbxjpj~fs~ s~jkcb jkn scpfx~rpja ifaf~jkcv+

Wb caosb wf~d ~db wopns oe G+ Jpcdbp Wbkfgbp! wdo

sdowbn ~db ejaajcv oe ~db ufbw ~dj~ erknjibk~jafsi fs

ibpbav j cokcbpk eop ‑~db efub erknjibk~jas’))

‑^db efub erknjibk~jas djub okav ~o no wf~d ~dbXpbs`v~bpfjk jsxbc~ oe ~db s~prggab wf~d ionbpkfsi+ +++^db `ral oe Erknjibk~jafsi! bsxbcfjaav ~db @jx~fs~s oe bubpv s~pfxb wdo coixosbn ~db ijmopf~v `v ejp! kbubp jccbx~bn ~db efub erknjibk~jas jaokb+ ^db Wopan‖sCdpfs~fjk Erknjibk~jas Jssocfj~fok! eorknbn fk :6:6!djn j~ abjs~ j no}bk ijfk noc~pfkbs dfgdafgd~bn+ ^db

sjib wjs ~prb oe ~db Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ Ebaaowsdfx!wdfcd opfgfkj~bn fk :608+ J ~prb Erknjibk~jafs~ woranrknbp ko cfpcris~jkcbs pbs~pfc~ dfs noc~pfkja xosf~fok ~oefub erknjibk~jas+ Bubk Np+ Cjpa E+D+ Dbkpv! j KbwBujkgbafcja ~dboaogfjk! afs~bn j~ abjs~ sbubpja no}bknoc~pfkbs bssbk~fja ~o ~db Ejf~d+ ^db okav jnujk~jgb oe

::0



J Afif~bn Ibssjgb

^db eoaaowfkg fixop~jk~ cdjaabkgb fs `v ~db aj~b Xjs~op

Njufn Kb~~ab~ok jkn wjs xràfsdbn `v ~db Gbkbpja

Jssocfj~fok oe Pbgrajp @jx~fs~ Cdrpcdbs fk :654 js j

pbxpfk~ epoi ~db Nbcbi`bp :622 fssrb oe ~db @jx~fs~

@raab~fk+ Kb~~ab~ok wjs Xpbsfnbk~ oe Ejf~d @jx~fs~ @fàb

Coaabgb! Jklbkv! Fowj! epoi :652):648+ ^db sbpiok wjs

okb oe j sbpfbs oe pbxop~s ~dj~ wbpb xràfsdbn fk ~db :658s

~o btxpbss ~db GJP@C‖s ‑copb ujarbs’ j~ ~db ~fib+ Sjnav!~dbpb djs `bbk j coaajxsb oe sbxjpj~fsi wf~dfk ~dfs

jssocfj~fok oubp ~db ajs~ corxab oe nbcjnbs jkn ~db

eoaaowfkg ibssjgb ko aokgbp pbxpbsbk~s ~dbfp grfnfkg

xpfkcfxab! ~dorgd f~ s~faa pbxpbsbk~s soafn `fàfcja ~pr~d+

Ijkv goon cdrpcdbs jkn xjs~ops abe~ ~db GJP@C `bcjrsb

oe f~s safnb jwjv epoi scpfx~rpja sbxjpj~fok+

J Afif~bn Ibssjgb op j Afif~bn Ebaaowsdfx

@v Njufn Kb~~ab~ok

‑F ji xrpb epoi ~db àoon oe jaa ibk+ Eop F djub ko~sdrkkbn ~o nbcajpb rk~o vor jaa ~db corksba oe Gon+’

Jc~s 08=07

^dfs ibssjgb! aflb ijkv! fs òpk or~ oe jk btxbpfbkcb+F~ ijv `b soib o~dbps jpb gofkg ~dporgd sfifajp btxbpfbkcbs+ ^dbpbeopb! ab~ ib pbcork~ ~db okb wdfcd`porgd~ ~dfs ibssjgb ~o afgd~+

F wjs `porgd~ rx js j Xpbs`v~bpfjk+ F wjs sjubn j~ jcoaabgb wdfcd wjs fk~bpnbkoifkj~fokja fk s~rnbk~ ònv!`r~ wjs ijkjgbn `v ~db Cdrpcd oe ~db @pb~dpbk+ Epoi

~dbpb F wbk~ ~o j sbifkjpv wdfcd wjs ko~ jnbkoifkj~fokja scdooa! jkn epoi ~dbpb ~o jko~dbp sbifkjpv wdfcd wjs Rkf~bn Xpbs`v~bpfjk+ F bk~bpbn ~db@jx~fs~ xjs~opj~b wf~d ko @jx~fs~ ~pjfkfkg btcbx~ ~dj~wdfcd cjib epoi pbjnfkg oe ~db Scpfx~rpbs+

::>



sjauj~fok `r~ ~dbv jpb bssbk~fja ~o eraa o`bnfbkcb! jkn~db Cdpfs~fjk djs ko af`bp~v rknbp Gon ~o sop~ or~ ~dbScpfx~rpbs fk~o bssbk~fjas jkn kokbssbk~fjas* F~ fs orp nr~v ~o nbcajpb ~db wdoab corksba oe Gon! jkn ~o no f~wdbpbubp wb jpb+

Xjra djn j woknbperaav `jajkcbn ifkfs~pv+ Fk dfsxpbjcdfkg db woran kbubp xabjsb ibk! eop db lkbw dbcoran ko~ `b xabjsfkg ~o Gon fe db ~pfbn ~o xabjsb ibk+Vb~ fk dfs afufkg db ~bs~fefbn! ‑F ji ijnb jaa ~dfkgs ~o jaaibk! ~dj~ F ifgd~ `v jaa ibjks sjub soib’ $: Cop+6=00&+ ‑Bubk js F xabjsb jaa ibk fk jaa ~dfkgs! ko~sbblfkg ifkb owk xpoef~! `r~ ~db xpoef~ oe ijkv! ~dj~~dbv ijv `b sjubn’ $: Cop+ :8=33&+ Wdj~ j djxxv`jajkcb ~dfs fs fk ~db ifkfs~pv* F~ fs ~prb! driàb! jknwdoabsoib+

ônjv wb jpb cdoosfkg `b~wbbk ~wo ja~bpkj~fubs+ JAFIF^BN IBSSJGB OP J AFIF^BN EBAAOWSDFX+ Fe wb xpbjcd jaa oe ~db @fàb ~pr~ds! ~dbpb jpb ijkv xajcbswdbpb wb wfaa kbubp `b fkuf~bn+ Fe wb mofk djkns wf~d~db cpowns! ~dbpb wfaa `b afif~fkg oe ~db ibssjgb oe ~db

@fàb+ @bjp ~dfs fk ifkn))f~ fs ~db @jx~fs~ wdo ajvs jsfnb~db ios~* F~ fs ~db erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ wdo ijlbs ~dbcokcbssfoks* ^dfkl ~dfs ~dporgd jkn vor wfaa efkn f~ ~o`b ~prb+ Wb `bafbub fk `bafbubp‖s `jx~fsi+ Wb `bafbubfk sbxjpj~fok+ Wb xpbjcd b~bpkja sbcrpf~v+ Wb `bafbubfk ~db fiifkbk~ coifkg oe Cdpfs~+ Wb coksfnbp f~ jk jc~oe o`bnfbkcb ~o pbxpoub rk`bafbe fk pbafgfors cfpcabs+^db Sjnnrcbb jkn ~db Xdjpfsbb jpb ~o `b aj`babn+ @r~jccopnfkg ~o j xpbsbk~ xdfaosoxdv wb irs~ ajv ~dbsb~dfkgs jsfnb eop ~db sjlb oe j ajpgbp sxdbpb oe sbpufcb+

Wdfcd fs iopb fixop~jk~! eraa o`bnfbkcb op j ajpgbp sxdbpb oe sbpufcb? Jkn vb~ F no ko~ eraav `bafbub ~dbsbjpb ~db okav ~wo ja~bpkj~fubs+ F~ fs orp efps~ nr~v ~o `beraav o`bnfbk~ ~o Gon fk jaa ~dfkgs! jkn ~dbk ~o wjf~rxok Dfi eop ~db xajcbs oe sbpufcb+ F~ ijv `b ~dj~ wbwfaa `b afif~bn! jkn f~ ijv `b ~dj~ wb wfaa ko~+ CdjpabsDjnnok Sxrpgbok nfn ko~ ~pjuba js wfnbav js soib

ibk oe dfs njv! `r~ dfs sbpioks djub ~pjubabn js ejp js~db sbpioks oe ios~ ibk+

F djub pbcbk~av pbjn j pbafgfors jp~fcab `v j gpbj~bujkgbafs~+ Db nbxaopbs ~db iopja coknf~foks fk

Jibpfcj+ Db nbxaopbs ~db coknf~foks fk orp scdooas+ Db

::5



sxbjls jgjfks~ ~db afzrop ~pjeefc jkn jgjfks~ mrubkfabnbafkzrbkcv+ @r~ ko~dfkg fs sjfn jgjfks~ Jibpfcj‖sgpbj~bs~ bkbiv))^DB IONBPK @BAFBE WDFCDGOBS EOP^D EPOI SRXXOSBNAV CDPFS^FJKCDRPCDBS+ ^db s~pbkg~d oe ~db kj~fok afbs fk dbp aouboe Gon+ ^dj~ aoub djs gpowk coan fk ijkv cdrpcdbs!jkn Mbsrs Cdpfs~ orp Aopn fs cjaabn jk faabgf~fij~b cdfan!j cokersbn vorkg ijk jkn j nbjn ~bjcdbp+ ^dj~ lfknoe ~dfkg kbbns ~o `b pb`rlbn j~ ~db cos~ oe pbxr~j~fokjkn bubk j~ ~db cos~ oe afeb! fe kbbn `b+ @r~ js sook jsf~ fs pb`rlbn! ~db ijk wdo pb`rlbs f~ wfaa aosb ~dbijmopf~v oe dfs eoaaowfkg! fe db fs gjfkfkg ~dj~ eoaaowfkg~dporgd cooxbpj~fok wf~d ionbpkfs~fc cdrpcdbs+

F~ fs iv `bafbe ~dj~ soib oe orp gpbj~ bujkgbafs~s ~onjvjpb ~doporgd @fàb)`bafbufkg Cdpfs~fjks+ ^dbv jccbx~kbjpav bubpv ~pr~d fk ~db @ool+ F~ sbbis ~dbv pbepjfkepoi xpbjcdfkg jaa ~db corksba oe Gon eop okb pbjsok+ô ~dbi! f~ fs fixop~jk~ ~o pbjcd ejp~dbp bubk fe wbpbjcd wf~d j sijaabp ibssjgb+ ^db `pbjcd wf~dfk so)

cjaabn Xpo~bs~jk~fsi ~onjv fs js gpbj~ js ~db `pbjcd`b~wbbk Xpo~bs~jk~fsi jkn Poijk Cj~doafcfsi+ Wbkbbn ~o ijlb ~dfs ejc~ lkowk+ @r~ bubpv ~fib wbxpoio~b ~db fkcarsfub ~vxb oe ifkfs~pv wb jpb coubpfkgrx j ejc~ ~dj~ kbbns ~o `b lkowk+

Gon djs gfubk rs j gpbj~ ibssjgb ~o xpbjcd+ F~cok~jfks ~db gaopfors gosxba oe orp Aopn Mbsrs Cdpfs~!`r~ f~ fs ko~ afif~bn ~o ~dj~ gosxba+ Db djs

coiifssfokbn rs ~o xpbjcd ~db gosxba! `jx~f}b orp cokubp~s jkn fknoc~pfkj~b ~dbi $Ij~~+ 04=:6)08&+ Dbdjs gfubk rs ~db ubpv `bs~ svs~bi oe eoaaow)rx wopl!wdfcd fs ~db `rfanfkg oe @fàb)`bafbufkg cdrpcdbs jkn

mofkfkg cokubp~s ~o ~dbi+ Db fs cjaafkg rs ~o aovja~v jkno`bnfbkcb+

Wb kbbn ko kbw ibssjgb+ Wb kbbn ko kbw ib~don+Wb kbbn okav ~db sxfpf~ oe o`bnfbkcb eorkn fk Xjra

wdbk db ~bs~fefbn! ‑Eop F djub ko~ sdrkkbn ~o nbcajpbrk~o vor jaa ~db corksba oe Gon+’

::7



@jajkcb

^dporgd ~db vbjps F djub `bbk cdjaabkgbn j~ ~fibs ~o `b

iopb ‑`jajkcbn+’

J ebw vbjps jgo F jslbn xpbjcdbps ok iv ijfafkg afs~ ~o

wpf~b jkn ab~ ib lkow fe ~dbv jpb bnfefbn `v iv ifkfs~pv+

Iopb ~djk 088 pbxafbn fk j ij~~bp oe njvs jkn ios~ wbpb

oubpwdbaifkgav xosf~fub+ Vb~ ~dpbb op eorp sjfn ~dj~ ~dbv

jxxpbcfj~bn ~db ij~bpfja! `r~ ~dbv wfsdbn f~ wjs iopb‑`jajkcbn+’

Wdj~ nobs ~dfs ibjk? Js F djub ibnf~j~bn jkn xpjvbn

jòr~ ~dfs ij~~bp! ~db eoaaowfkg ~dorgd~s coib ~o ifkn fk

pbgjpn ~o nbefkfkg ‑`jajkcb’ `fàfcjaav=

:+ @jajkcb ibjks xpbjcdfkg ~db wdoab corksba oe Gon+

Xjra pbifknbn ~db banbps j~ Bxdbsrs ~dj~ db djn nbcajpbn ~o

~dbi ‑jaa ~db corksba oe Gon ’ $Jc~s 08=07&+ ^dfs fs ~db mo`

oe bubpv xpbjcdbp! `r~ xjp~fcrajpav oe j xjs~op op j cdrpcd

xajk~bp+ Bubpv xjp~ oe ~db @fàb! bubpv noc~pfkb! fs

fixop~jk~+ Ko xpbjcdbp djs ~db af`bp~v ~o sjv ‑F wfaa xpbjcd

soib noc~pfkbs! `r~ ~db pbs~ F ji ko~ pbsxoksfàb eop!’ op ‑F

wfaa mrs~ xpbjcd ~db gosxba!’ op ‑F wfaa mrs~ eocrs ok ~dfs

xjp~fcrajp ~oxfc’ $~db ejifav! cpbj~fok scfbkcb! @fàb

ubpsfoks! sbxjpj~fok! cok~bixaj~fub ivs~fcfsi! b~c+&+

Bubp sfkcb Gon cjaabn ib ~o xpbjcd! F djub jawjvs `bbk

cokufkcbn oe ~db fixop~jkcb oe xpbjcdfkg jkn cok~bknfkg

eop ~db wdoab corksba oe Gon+ Eop orp cdrpcd xajk~fkg

ifkfs~pv fk Sor~d Jsfj F nbubaoxbn j @fàb scdooa

crppfcrari ~o ~pjfk xpbjcdbps+ Wb ~pjfk ~dbi fk ~db wdoab

corksba oe Gon+ Fk :663! F coixab~bn ~db Wjv oe Afeb

Bkcvcaoxbnfj oe ~db @fàb % Cdpfs~fjkf~v! wdfcd nbjas wf~d

::4



bubpv noc~pfkb jkn kbjpav bubpv wopn oe ~db @fàb+ ^db

òol ^dfkgs Djpn ~o @b Rknbps~oon ! wdfcd wb xràfsdbn

fk :667! jaso sbbls ~o nbja wf~d bubpv~dfkg fk ~db Wopn oe

Gon! fkcarnfkg ~db ios~ nfeefcra~ xjp~s+ Orp Okb Vbjp

Nfscfxabsdfx Corpsb fs ~db ios~ ~doporgd okb fk xpfk~! ~o

iv lkowabngb+

Fe `jajkcb ibjks xpbjcdfkg ~db wdoab corksba oe Gon! F ji

`jajkcbn+

Cjpbera pbjnbps wfaa ko~b ~dj~ bubk ufj ~db Erknjibk~ja

@jx~fs~ Fkeopij~fok Sbpufcb wb nbja wf~d j ubpv wfnb

ujpfb~v oe noc~pfkbs jkn fssrbs+ ^db crppbk~ bubk~ f~bis jpb

ko~ sbabc~bn djxdj}jpnav+ Wb no ko~ biraj~b ~db Pbafgfors

Kbws Sbpufcb fk j~~bix~fkg ~o coubp bubpv ijmop crppbk~

bubk~ fk ‑Cdpfs~bknoi’ op fk ~db bcribkfcja op

nbkoifkj~fokja wopans+ Okb oe orp cdfbe gojas fs ~o sbabc~bubk~s ~dj~ faars~pj~b noc~pfkja ~pr~ds wdfcd jpb `bfkg

j~~jclbn+ Wb no ko~ ibpbav pbxop~ ok bubk~s jkn

xbpsokjaf~fbs jkn òols jkn sxbbcdbs+ Wb jkjav}b ~dbsb

wf~d ~db Wopn oe Gon jkn sorkn noc~pfkb+ Wb nbja wf~d ~db

gosxba! mrs~fefcj~fok! ~db cdrpcd! sjkc~fefcj~fok! xpoxdbcv!

Cdpfs~fjk afufkg! `fàfcja fksxfpj~fok jkn xpbsbpuj~fok! jkn

cork~abss o~dbp jsxbc~s oe `fàfcja ~pr~d+ Wb eocrs ok ~db~dfkgs ~dj~ wb ebba jpb j~ ~db eopbepok~ oe ~db nbufa‖s j~~jcl

rxok ~db ~pr~d jkn rxok Kbw ^bs~jibk~ cdrpcdbs ~onjv+

0+ @jajkcb ibjks eraefaafkg ~db Gpbj~ Coiifssfok+

^db ~bpi ‑Gpbj~ Coiifssfok’ fs ko~ fk ~db @fàb! `r~ ~dbpb

wjs j ‑gpbj~ coiifssfok’ gfubk `v ~db pfsbk Cdpfs~ ~o ~dbjxos~abs jkn ~dporgd ~dbi ~o ~db cdrpcdbs+ F~ fs bixdjsf}bn

`v ~db Doav Sxfpf~ fk ~dj~ f~ fs pbxbj~bn efub ~fibs $Ij~~dbw

0>< Ijpl :5< Arlb 0>< Modk 08< Jc~s :&+ ^dfs coiifssfok

fs ~o xpbjcd ~db gosxba ~o bubpv cpbj~rpb jkn bubpv kj~fok!

::6



~o `jx~f}b jkn nfscfxab ~dosb wdo `bafbub! wdfcd bk~jfas

bs~jàfsdfkg sorkn Kbw bs~jibk~ cokgpbgj~foks wdbpbubp

~db Wopn oe Gon fs sxpbjn+ ^dfs coiifssfok fs ~o `b

xbpxb~rj~bn rk~fa Cdpfs~ pb~rpks+ F~ fs ~db gbkbpja ijpcdfkg

opnbps eop ~db cdrpcdbs+ Wb sbb ~db Gpbj~ Coiifssfok

eraefaabn jkn btbixafefbn fk ~db afubs oe ~db jxos~abs+ ^dbv

nfn ko~ gb~ bk~jkgabn fk xoaf~fcja jc~fuf~v op fk `rfanfkg

socfja)mrs~fcb ioubibk~s+ ^dbv gjub ~dbisbaubs

btcarsfubav ~o ~db xpbjcdfkg oe ~db gosxba jkn ~db eorknfkg

oe cdrpcdbs ~dj~ woran xbpxb~rj~b ~dfs Coiifssfok+ BubpvGon)cjaabn xpbjcdbp fs rknbp oàfgj~fok ~o gfub dfisbae ~o

~db eraefaaibk~ oe ~db Gpbj~ Coiifssfok+

^dbpb fs j ‑`jajkcb’ nbefkbn eop rs dbpb+ Bubpv xpbjcdbp fs

~o `b `rsv xpbjcdfkg ~db gosxba+ Bubpv xpbjcdbp fs ~o `b

`rsv nfscfxafkg cokubp~s+ Bubpv xpbjcdbp fs ~o `b fkuoaubn

fk ~db bs~jàfsdibk~ oe sorkn cdrpcdbs+ ^dfs nobs ko~ ibjk~dj~ jkv okb ijk wfaa ko~ `b eocrsbn iopb op abss ok

cbp~jfk xjp~s oe ~db Coiifssfok+ Gfe~s jkn cjaafkg jpb

nfeebpbk~+ Xdfafx ~db bujkgbafs~ eocrsbn ok ~db xpbjcdfkg oe

~db gosxba $Jc~s 4=2)>8&! wdfab @jpkj`js eocrsbn ok ~db

bs~jàfsdibk~ oe ~db kbw nfscfxabs $Jc~s ::=:6)05&! `r~ ~dfs

fs ko~ ~o sjv ~dj~ @jpkj`js nfn ko~ xpbjcd ~db gosxba ~o ~db

rksjubn op ~dj~ Xdfafx nfn ko~ nfscfxab `bafbubps+ Ko

xpbjcdbp cjk sjv ~dj~ Gon djs ko~ cjaabn dfi ~o bujkgbaf}b

~db aos~ op ~dj~ Gon djs ko~ cjaabn dfi ~o nfscfxab ~db sjubn+

Ko xpbjcdbp djs ~db jr~dopf~v ~o fgkopb ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~

cdrpcd jkn go jòr~ bujkgbaf}fkg op nfscfxafkg jxjp~ epoi

~db cdrpcd+

ô `b ‑`jajkcbn’ ibjks ~db xpbjcdbp fs sbblfkg ~o no ~db

wdoab wopl oe ~db Gpbj~ Coiifssfok+

:08



Fe jaa F nfn wjs wpf~b jp~fcabs eop ~db Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~

Fkeopij~fok Sbpufcb! jkn F nfn ko~ sbbl ~o ~jlb ~db gosxba ~o

~db rksjubn jkn ~o nfscfxab Cdpfs~fjks jkn ~o `b j eprf~era

ibi`bp oe j Kbw ^bs~jibk~ cdrpcd! F woran ko~ `b

`jajkcbn+ F no jaa oe ~dbsb ~dfkgs! ~dorgd! jkn F jawjvs

djub+ O`uforsav ~db Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ Fkeopij~fok

Sbpufcb jkn O ^fio~dv ijgj}fkb ~jlb ircd oe iv ~fib!

`r~ ~dbv jpb okav ~wo oe ~db ~dfkgs F no+ F `bafbub ~dfs fs

wdj~ djs lbx~ iv ~dfklfkg jkn ifkfs~pv ok j ubpv xpjc~fcja

abuba+ ^dbopf}fkg jkn ‑~dboaogf}fkg’ nobsk‖~ fk~bpbs~ ib! `bcjrsb f~ nobsk‖~ dbax jkvokb fk j xpjc~fcja sbksb+ F wjk~

~o xpbjcd soib~dfkg ~dj~ wfaa dbax xboxab+ Xpbjcdfkg ~db

Wopn oe Gon eop nbcjnbs fk okb oe ~db wopan‖s xoopbs~

cork~pfbs jkn fk cork~v mjfas ~bkns ~o lbbx okb‖s ebb~ ok ~db

gporkn+

3+ @jajkcb ibjks eraefaafkg jaa oe ~db pbsxoksf`faf~fbs oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb+

‑Djufkg ~dbpbeopb ~dbsb xpoifsbs! nbjpav `baoubn! ab~rs cabjksb orpsbaubs epoi JAA efa~dfkbss oe ~db eabsdjkn sxfpf~! xbpebc~fkg doafkbss fk ~db ebjp oe Gon’ $0Cop+ 7=:&+

‑Eop vb wbpb soib~fibs njplkbss! `r~ kow jpb vb afgd~fk ~db Aopn= wjal js cdfanpbk oe afgd~= $Eop ~db eprf~ oe ~dbSxfpf~ fs fk JAA goonkbss jkn pfgd~borskbss jkn~pr~d’ $Bxd+ 2=7)4&+

‑@r~ js db wdfcd dj~d cjaabn vor fs doav! so `b vb doavfk JAA ijkkbp oe cokubpsj~fok’ $: Xb~bp :=:2&+

‑Kow F xpjfsb vor! `pb~dpbk! ~dj~ vb pbibi`bp ib fk JAA ~dfkgs! jkn lbbx ~db opnfkjkcbs! js F nbafubpbn

~dbi ~o vor’ $: Cop+ ::=0&+

Ko~fcb ~db ‑jaa’ fk bjcd oe ~db xpbufors ubpsbs+ @jajkcb!

~dbpbeopb! woran srpbav fkuoaub o`bnfbkcb ~o bubpv nr~v

Gon djs ajfn or~ eop rs fk ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ Scpfx~rpbs+

:0:



^dj~ fs j ~jaa opnbp* F~ ibjks sbblfkg ~o `b xrpb fk ~dorgd~

jkn nbbn jkn sxbbcd! wjalfkg fk ~db afgd~! cokebssfkg okb‖s

sfks+ F~ ibjks `bfkg j goon ej~dbp! j goon io~dbp! jk

o`bnfbk~ cdfan+ F~ ibjks aoufkg ~db `pb~dpbk! `bfkg xj~fbk~

wf~d ~db wbjl! sr`if~~fkg ~o goubpkibk~ja jr~dopf~fbs!

xpjvfkg eop jaa ibk+ F~ ibjks `bfkg j nbnfcj~bn jkn eprf~era

cdrpcd ibi`bp! xpbjcdfkg ~db gosxba ~o bubpv cpbj~rpb!

bjpkbs~av cok~bknfkg eop ~db ejf~d+ F~ ibjks lbbxfkg okbsbae

rksxo~~bn epoi ~db wopan+ ^db afs~ fs js aokg js ~db Kbw

^bs~jibk~ ejf~d+ Fs jkv Cdpfs~fjk pbjaav ‑`jajkcbn’ fkeraefaafkg jaa oe ~db pbsxoksf`faf~fbs oe ~db Cdpfs~fjk afeb? Ko~

`v j aokg sdo~! `r~ ~dj~ irs~ `b orp goja+

>+ @jajkcb nbxbkns ok j ijk‖s gfe~ jkn cjaafkg+

J srpubv oe ~db @f`ab pbubjas ~dj~ Gon cjaas nfeebpbk~ ibk

~o nfeebpbk~ ~dfkgs jkn db gfe~s ~dbi nfeebpbk~av+ ^dfs fs ~prbfk ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ cdrpcdbs+ ^dbpb jpb j kri`bp oe gfe~s

jkn cjaafkgs nbscpf`bn fk Poijks :0< : Copfk~dfjks :0<

Bxdbsfjks >< : ^fio~dv 3< jkn : Xb~bp >+ J xjs~op‖s gfe~ jkn

cjaafkg jkn eocrs wfaa ko~ `b ~db sjib js ~dj~ oe jk

bujkgbafs~ op j ifssfokjpv cdrpcd xajk~bp+ Wb nok‖~ `bafbub

~dbpb jpb xpoxdb~s fk ~db cdrpcdbs ~onjv fk ~db sjib sbksb

js fk ~db jxos~oafc ~fibs< ~dbpb fs ko pbubaj~fok `bfkg gfubk~onjv< `r~ F `bafbub ~dbpb fs j xpoxdb~fc gfe~ s~faa gfubk fk

~db sbksb oe jxxavfkg ~db Wopn oe Gon ~o ~dbsb xpbsbk~

~fibs+ ^db ~bpi ‑xpoxdbcv’ fs rsbn fk j gbkbpja sbksb fk :

Copfk~dfjks :>=3! ‑@r~ db ~dj~ xpoxdbsfb~d sxbjlb~d rk~o

ibk ~o bnfefcj~fok! jkn btdop~j~fok! jkn coieop~+’

^db xofk~ dbpb! ~dorgd! fs ko~ ~o nbefkb ~db ujpfors gfe~sjkn cjaafkgs! `r~ ibpbav ~o ko~b ~db ejc~ ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb

nfeebpbkcbs+ Cbp~jfkav ~dfs gb~s j~ ~db dbjp~ oe ~db

ivs~bpfors jkn jaarsfub ij~~bp oe ‑`jajkcb+’ J ‑`jajkcbn’

:00



ifkfs~pv eop jk bujkgbafs~ fs ko~ ~db sjib js j ‑`jajkcbn’

ifkfs~pv eop j xjs~op op ifssfokjpv cdrpcd xajk~bp! b~c+

Bubk jiokg xjs~ops op banbps ~dbpb jpb sfgkfefcjk~

nfeebpbkcbs fk gfe~s jkn xbpsokjaf~fbs jkn ufsfok jkn ijkv

o~dbp ~dfkgs ~dj~ pbsra~ fk nfeebpbkcbs fk ‑`jajkcb+’

Iv cjaafkg djs jawjvs `bbk jaokg wdj~ F coksfnbp ~o `b ~db

xpoxdb~fc! ibjkfkg ~db jxxafcj~fok oe ~db Wopn oe Gon ~o

~dbsb ~fibs! oe nfscbpkfkg ~db jxos~jsv oe ~dbsb ajs~ dorps!

oe cjaafkg Gon‖s xboxab ~o pbxbk~jkcb! oe rknbps~jknfkg ~db

`pojn scoxb jkn ~db bkn pbsra~ oe ujpfors ioubibk~s pj~dbp

~djk ibpbav ~db kjppow eocrs oe wdj~ ~dbsb jpb jc~rjaav

j~~bix~fkg ~o jccoixafsd ~onjv+

Nrpfkg orp bjpav vbjps js ifssfokjpv cdrpcd xajk~bps fk

Sor~d Jsfj! F bk~bpbn rkwf~~fkgav fk~o jk fk~bksfub efps~djkn

corpsb fk bkn)~fib jxos~jsv jkn bcribkfsi `v ivbtxbpfbkcbs wf~d ujpfors ‑Cdpfs~fjk’ gporxs jkn

ioubibk~s jkn cdrpcdbs fk ~dj~ xjp~ oe ~db wopan+ ô iv

lkowabngb wb wbpb ~db okav ‑erknjibk~jafs~’ ~vxb

ifssfokjpfbs fk Kbxja j~ ~dj~ ~fib+ ^dbpb wjs ko aflb)

ifknbn ebaaowsdfx+ Wb nfn ~db `bs~ wb coran ~o gb~ jaokg

wf~d ~db ujpfors opgjkf}j~foks jkn cdrpcdbs ~dj~ btfs~bn!

`r~ f~ wjs nfeefcra~! ò~d eop rs jkn eop ~dbi* F xpbjcdbn jcorxab oe ~fibs j~ ~db fkuf~j~fok oe Cjixrs Cprsjnb eop

Cdpfs~ jkn sbubpja ~fibs rknbp ~db jrsxfcbs oe ~db Kbxja

Cdpfs~fjk Ebaaowsdfx! `r~ ~dbpb wbpb cokeafc~s `bcjrsb oe

orp nfeebpfkg ufbws oe noc~pfkb jkn ifkfs~pv jkn Cdpfs~fjk

afufkg+

Eop btjixab! F wjs fkuf~bn ~o ~bjcd j njv)aokg sbpfbs oe ibssjgbs ~o j gporx oe kj~fokja xjs~ops! jkn F cdosb ^f~rs

js iv or~afkb+ ^db òol `bgfks wf~d Gon‖s s~jknjpns eop

xjs~ops! jkn je~bp wb nbja~ wf~d ~dj~ sbc~fok okb oe ~db ibk

:03



jxxpojcdbn ib jkn jslbn wdj~ F ~dorgd~ jòr~ j xjs~op

djufkg ~dpbb wfubs+ F pbifknbn dfi ~dj~ wb djn mrs~ sbbk

~dj~ Gon‖s Wopn pbzrfpbs ~dj~ j xjs~op `b ~db ‑drs`jkn oe

okb wfeb!’ so ~dj~ sb~~abs ~db ij~~bp+ Db ~dbk ~oan ib ~dj~

okb oe ~db xjs~ops fk j~~bknjkcb djn ~dpbb wfubs! so F

`porgd~ ~db ij~~bp rx fk ~db kbt~ sbssfok! jkn ~db

xoavgjifs~ s~oon rx jkn mrs~fefbn dfs jc~fok `v cajfifkg

~dj~ Gon djn cjaabn dfi ~dporgd j ufsfok+ Fks~bjn oe

s~jknfkg eop Gon‖s Wopn! ~db ibk srxxop~bn ~db

rkzrjafefbn xjs~op jkn go~ rxsb~ j~ ib eop ‑cjrsfkg~poràb+’

Bubk~rjaav j gporx oe Cdpfs~fjk abjnbps! fkcarnfkg ~db dbjn

oe Cjixrs Cprsjnb eop Cdpfs~! ~db dbjn oe Vor~d eop Cdpfs~!

jkn ~db dbjn oe ~db Kbxja @fàb Socfb~v! dban soib~dfkg

aflb jk bccabsfjs~fcja ~pfja! `porgd~ cdjpgbs jgjfks~ ib oe

‑nfufnfkg ~db ‑ònv oe Cdpfs~ fk Kbxja!’ jkn nbijknbn ~dj~F ‑s~ox jaa ifkfs~pv’ jkn ‑abjub ~db cork~pv js sook js

xossfàb+’ Wb nfnk‖~ abjub! `r~ vor cjk sbb ~dj~ ~dfkgs wbpb

ko~ gofkg sioo~dav `b~wbbk rs jkn ~db bcribkfcja

`pb~dpbk* F abjpkbn j ao~ epoi ~dosb jij}fkg btxbpfbkcbs+

$@bjp wf~d ib< F ji ioufkg ~owjpn iv xofk~+&

Wdbk F efps~ `bgjk xràfsdfkg O ^fio~dv ijgj}fkb fk:64>! F ~pjubabn ~o Sbpjixopb Rkfubpsf~v $eorknbn `v ~db

ejiors @jx~fs~ ifssfokjpv Wfaafji Cjpbv& kbjp Cjacr~~j!

Fknfj! jkn pbcopnbn jk fk~bpufbw wf~d ~db dbjn oe ~db

sbifkjpv+ ^db ijk wjs jaso j xpoebssop oe Kbw ^bs~jibk~

~dboaogv+ Db ~oan ib ~dj~ ~dbpb jpb j kri`bp oe wjvs ~o

`bcoib j Cdpfs~fjk= `b `jx~f}bn! `b òpk fk~o j Cdpfs~fjk

doib! b~c+ ^db okb wjv db nfn KO^ ibk~fok wjs ~o `b

òpk jgjfk ~dporgd xbpsokja ejf~d fk ~db efkfsdbn j~okbibk~

oe Mbsrs Cdpfs~+ Db ~oan ib ~dj~ db `bafbubn Dfknrs jkn

@rnndfs~s woran go ~o dbjubk fe ~dbv wbpb sfkcbpb fk ~dbfp

:0>



owk ejf~d+ Sook je~bpwjpn! F xràfsdbn ~db fk~bpufbw fk O

^fio~dv ijgj}fkb $f~ cjk `b eorkn fk ~db Erknjibk~ja

@jx~fs~ Nfgf~ja Af`pjpv rknbp ~db vbjp :64>&+ ^db ijk

wpo~b ib jk jkgpv ab~~bp! pb`rlfkg ib eop xpfk~fkg ~dfs+ F

djn btxajfkbn ~o dfi btjc~av wdo F wjs jkn wdv F wjk~bn

~o fk~bpufbw dfi! jkn db djn jaaowbn ~db ~jxb pbcopnbn

fk~bpufbw! vb~ db wjs rxsb~ wdbk dfs owk wopns jxxbjpbn

fk xpfk~+

F abjpkbn ~dporgd ~dfs jkn o~dbp btxbpfbkcbs nrpfkg ~dosb

njvs ~dj~ f~ fs coiiok eop ejasb ~bjcdbps jkn coixpoifsbps

~o j~~bix~ ~o dfnb ~dfkgs! ~o `b abss ~djk eop~dpfgd~ jòr~

~dbfp xosf~foks! ~o `bafbub jkn no ~dfkgs fk ~dbfp ifkfs~pfbs

~dj~ jpb ko~ pbxop~bn ~o ~dbfp srxxop~bps! b~c+ F abjpkbn ~dj~

fk opnbp ~o lkow ~db ~pr~d jòr~ ijkv ~dfkgs fk

‑Cdpfs~fjkf~v’ okb djs ~o nfg eop ~db ejc~s! ~dj~ ~db ~pr~d fs

ko~ jawjvs or~ fk ~db oxbk jkn ~dfkgs jpb ko~ jawjvs js~dbv jxxbjp+

Js F wjs pbjnfkg iv @fàb fk ~dosb njvs F cjib rxok ~db

xjssjgb fk B}blfba 4=2):4! fk wdfcd B}blfba wjs fks~prc~bn

~o nfg fk~o ~db wjaa oe ~db ~bixab ~o o`sbpub ~dfkgs ~dj~

wbpb `bfkg nokb fk sbcpb~ `v ~db jxos~j~b pbafgfors abjnbps+

F wjs cokufkcbn ~dj~ ~dfs fs btjc~av wdj~ Gon wjk~s ib ~ono+ F irs~ ‑nfg fk~o ~db wjaa’ jkn o`sbpub ~db ejasb jkn

wfclbn ~dfkgs oe jxos~j~b jkn coixpoifsbn Cdpfs~fjkf~v

jkn pb`rlb ~dosb ~dfkgs wf~d Gon‖s Wopn jkn pbxop~ ~dbi

~o Gon‖s xboxab fk opnbp ~o xpo~bc~ ~dbi epoi bppop jkn

nrxafcf~v+ F irs~ pbjn ~dbfp wpf~fkgs jkn fk~bpufbw ~dbi jkn

jkjav}b ~dbi jkn efkn or~ ~db ~pr~d oe wdj~ ~dbv pbjaav

`bafbub+

:02



^dfs fs xjp~ oe iv cjaafkg+ F~ fs ko~ jawjvs xabjsjk~< f~ fs ko~

soib~dfkg ubpv ijkv ibk sdoran no< `r~ f~ fs bssbk~fja eop

~db xpo~bc~fok oe ~db cdrpcdbs+

J~ ~dj~ ~fib F s~jp~bn j sbc~fok fk O ^fio~dv cjaabn

‑Nfggfkg fk ~db Wjaas’ wdfcd cok~fkrbs ~o ~dfs njv+ Jkn ~db

Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~ Fkeopij~fok Sbpufcb! wdfcd ebj~rpbs

pbxop~s ~dj~ wb xràfsd `v b)ijfa! fs iopb op abss ~db

‑Nfggfkg fk ~db Wjaas’ sbc~fok oe O fio~dv ijgj}fkb fk j

njfav babc~pokfc eopij~+

^dfs fs jk bssbk~fja xjp~ oe iv eocrs jkn cjaafkg+ ^dfs nobs

ko~ ibjk ~dj~ F fgkopb ~db wdoab corksba oe Gon< f~ sfixav

ibjks ~dj~ iv eocrs fs nfeebpbk~ ~djk ~dj~ oe soib o~dbp

Gon)cjaabn ibk+

Fe j xjs~op xpbjcdbn okav ~db ~vxb oe ~dfkgs ~dj~ F xràfsd fk

‑Nfggfkg fk ~db Wjaas’ op ~db Erknjibk~ja @jx~fs~

Fkeopij~fok Sbpufcb! db woran `b rk`jajkcbn+ ^dfs fs ko~

~db ~vxb oe ~dfkg F xpbjcd j ao~ fk iv cdrpcd xajk~fkg wopl+

2+ @jajkcb nbxbkns ok ~db cfpcris~jkcb+

Efkjaav! `jajkcb djs j ao~ ~o no wf~d ~db xjp~fcrajp

cfpcris~jkcb fk wdfcd j xpbjcdbp efkns dfisbae+

Kojd ‑xpbjcdbn pfgd~borskbss’ eop :08 vbjps js ~db jpl

wjs `bfkg coks~prc~bn+ Wjs Kojd `jajkcbn? ^db xboxab

wdo dbjpn dfi xpbjcd xpo`jàv nfnk‖~ ~dfkl so+ Db wjs ~oo

kbgj~fub+

Mbpbifjd wjs ~bppfàv kbgj~fub ~owjpn Fspjba+ Wjs Mbpbifjd `jajkcbn? Oe corpsb db wjs+ Db wjs xpbjcdfkg btjc~av

wdj~ Gon ~oan dfi ~o xpbjcd! jkn db wjs xpbjcdfkg btjc~av

wdj~ jxos~j~b! `jclsafnfkg Fspjba kbbnbn ~o dbjp+

:05



Wdj~ jòr~ Jios op Mokjd? Wdj~ jòr~ Modk ~db @jx~fs~?

Db afubn or~ fk ~db wfanbpkbss jkn xpbjcdbn pbxbk~jkcb!

pbxbk~jkcb! pbxbk~jkcb+ Wjs db `jajkcbn? Ko~ `v ijk‖s

s~jknjpns! `r~ db wjs `jajkcbn `v Gon‖s+ Db wjs xpbjcdfkg

btjc~av wdj~ Gon ~oan dfi ~o xpbjcd jkn db wjs xpbjcdfkg

btjc~av wdj~ dfs dbjpbps kbbnbn ~o dbjp+

Aflbwfsb! ~db cfpcris~jkcb wfaa soibwdj~ nb~bpifkb ~db

‑`jajkcb’ oe j ijk‖s ifkfs~pv+

Vor sbb ~dfs fk ~db Kbw ^bs~jibk~ bxfs~abs+ ^db ibssjgb

gfubk ~o bjcd cdrpcd nbxbknbn rxok f~s xjp~fcrajp

coknf~fok+ Fe j cdrpcd fs `bcoifkg wopanav jkn cjpkja jkn

fs fk j iopja ~jfasxfk! sdoran j xpbjcdbp fgkopb ~dfs jkn

xpbjcd jòr~ soib~dfkg basb? @v ko ibjks* ^db coknf~fok

oe dfs xboxab wfaa ajpgbav nb~bpifkb wdj~ db kbbns ~o

xpbjcd jkn wdj~ db kbbns ~o `b nofkg+

Ji F ‑`jajkcbn’?

Jpb vor! ebaaow xpbjcdbps! ‑`jajkcbn’?

^dbpb fs okav okb j`soar~b ibjsrpb eop ~dj~+ ^db ibjsrpb fs

ko~ wdb~dbp vorp ‑kbgj~fub’ xpbjcdfkg fs `jajkcbn `v jk

bzrja jiork~ oe ‑xosf~fub’ xpbjcdfkg+

^db ibjsrpb fs ko~ wdj~ soib o~dbp xpbjcdbps jpb nofkg op

wdj~ soib gporx oe xboxab ~dfkls jòr~ vorp ifkfs~pv+

^db ibjsrpb fs ko~ bujkgbafcja cdrpcd gpow~d xpfkcfxabs+

^db ibjsrpb fs ko~ soib ijk‖s fnbj oe wdj~ j xpbjcdfkg

ifkfs~pv sdoran `b+

^db soab ibjsrpb fs ~db Doav Scpfx~rpbs jkn ~db xbpebc~ wfaa

oe Gon eop ib jkn iv afeb jkn ifkfs~pv+ Okav ~db Doav

:07



Sxfpf~ cjk grfnb j ijk fk ~db ‑`jajkcb’ eop dfs afeb jkn

ifkfs~pv+

@b `jajkcbn! `pb~dpbk*

:04



Jòr~ Wjv oe Afeb‖s b@ools

Sfkcb Mjkrjpv 08::! Wjv oe Afeb Af~bpj~rpb òols djub

`bbk jujfajàb fk b@ool eopij~+ Soib jpb jujfajàb eop

xrpcdjsb! wdfab o~dbps jpb jujfajàb eop epbb nowkaojn+

^db b@ools jpb nbsfgkbn jkn eopij~~bn ~o wopl wbaa ok j

ujpfb~v oe jxxafcj~foks/nbufcbs! `r~ ko~ jaa jxxs/nbufcbs jpb

bzrja+ Soib jaaow ~db rsbp ~o cok~poa jxxbjpjkcb jkn

ajvor~ oe ~db òol wdfab soib nok‖~ bubk sdow f~jafcs* Eop `bs~ pbjnfkg xabjsrpb! xabjsb cdoosb vorp pbjnfkg jxx

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