ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO 3 :AIR

JOURNAL YIFANG YIN 387291

I.1 Case for Innovation I.1.1 Architecture as a Discourse

CONTENTS

Part I. Expression of Interest

I.1. Case for InnovationI.1.1. Architecture as a DiscourseI.1.2. Computing in ArchitectureI.1.3. Parametric Modelling

I.1.4. Case for Innovation Conclusion:

I.2. Research ProjectI.2.1. Scope of PossibilitiesI.2.1.1. Input/Association/Output MatrixI.2.1.2. Reverse-Engineered Case-StudyI.2.1.3. Material EffectsI.2.1.4. Assembly Methods

I.2.2. Research Project Conclusion

I.3. Expression of Interest Con-clusion: Competitive Advantage

I.4. Learning Objectives and Out-comes: Interim

UK PAVILION, SHANGHAI 2010

Architects at Heatherwick Studio that are working with parametric ap-plied research team AKT/p.art are aiming to push the envelope with re-lation to both architecture discourse and contemporary computational design. In this case, architecture ought to be seen as discourse due to it is a field which is better regarded as a practices and debates about the built environment, especially, the Seed Cathedral which are using 60,000 slender transparent acrylic rods with seed inside. Underneath the folded landscape are exhibition spaces showing how cities and na-ture come together in the UK, thus architecture discourse have been transferred to bring actually European life to Shanghai which also able to bring a sense of sight from UK. Moreover, the seeds from UK are also strong natural elements that reinforcing architectural discourse, which are able to make more interaction and communication between UK and China, people will therefore feeling live more closer to UK. The computational design reinforcing the architectural discourse and the de-tailed design appears to be a successful process that places as much emphasis on innovative engineering as it does conceptual thinking.

“Develop interactive software ap-plications that help inform struc-tural behaviour in the early parts of the design process.” – Michala-tos, Panagiotis, Jul 2011

From the early stages of conceptualisation through to its innovative fabrication of UK Pavilion, the com-puter programming allows for much more testing of the complex structure due to the 60,000 slender have to “grow up from the simple box”. A strong integration of design with generative programming allows for much more innovative explorations as well as strong integration of design with fabrication.

BIG REN - PEOPLE’S BUILDING

“Architecture needs to be thought of less as a set of

special material products and rather more as range of social

and professional practices that sometimes, but by no means

From the early stages of conceptualisation through to its innova-tive fabrication of UK Pavilion, the computer programming allows for much more test-ing of the complex structure due to the 60,000 slender have to “grow up from the simple box”. A strong integration of design with generative pro-gramming allows for much more innovative explorations as well as strong integration of design with fabrication.

The architectural dis-course of this build-ing seems to be straight forward for Chinese people due to we learned this Chinese character in primary school. At the most fundamental level People’s Build-ing pushed the basic language of archi-tectural expression.

PERSONAL PROJECT

ADS2: THE BOATHOUSE

As I read from the reading, “Architecture needs to be thought of less as a set of special material products and rather more as range of social and profes-sional practices that sometimes, but by no means always, lead to building. “ The social, culture, environment and professional prac-tices are the important impact for the archi-tecture design, and ar-chitecture needs to be analysed as discourse.

In this case, the ar-chitecture discourses mainly achieved by using transparency material and making more interaction be-tween inside people and outside environ-ments. Architectural discourse also ex-ists within the use of computational tools to translate the data and shape which became the layout of the structure as well as better vi-sual communication.

“The discourse around them will become clear, architecture is as much a philosophical, social

or professional realm as it is a material one, and it is through the consideration of architec-

ture as discourse that one can engage with it as visual culture.” – Richard Williams

The UK Pavilion as an architectural discourse not only by its visual culture but also by using materi-als and natural seeds from UK. To “alter an architect’s perception of material and structure”, this is what I have chosen to begin my Expression of Interest proposal. Additionally, my personal design has given another understanding and practicing for EOI which shows the environmental friendly proposal to achieve the architecture discourse between human and nature. This may only be two ideas but it does relate to specific aspects of design that I plan to focus on and incorporate into fu-ture EOI. The contemporary computation technologies are really important at this stage, due to it may be impossible to put 60,000 rods in one box without computational testing. I aim to integrate qualities of structural into my EOI through the similar exploration that focuses on layout of the ma-terial and how they can achieve by using Rhino and Grasshopper. Furthermore, the surrounding environment acts as an important role for the Gateway design. Therefore, the landscape that UK Pavilion sit could also influence the way of designing. The UK Pavilion has creating a visual cen-tre piece that invites attention and interaction. This is also what the Wyndham City Project seeking.

“Seeking an exciting, eye catching installation” – The Wyndham City Project

THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTRIBUTING

TO A DISCOURSE WHEN DESIGNING

GATEWAY PROJECT

I.1 Case for Innovation I.1.2 COMPUTING IN ARCHITECTURE

448 CORIAN LOUNGE, LONDON

“For the first time perhaps, architectural design might be aligned with neither formalism nor rationalism but with intel-

ligent form and traceable creativity”.Terzidis, Kostas (2006).

The Lounge is a loosely defined architectural concept about a space that is animated by the movement of people in transit. This project was inspired by the dy-namics and ephemeral materiality of the ripples which emerge from a single drop of water. They materialize the transformation with a series of flat Corian sheets that have been activated by virtual movements and forces.

The process of de-signing digitally was also applied physi-cally as we devel-oped an intense dialogue with their fabricators through the exchange of 3D files and CNC in-formation allowing them to conduct se-rial tests of the ma-terial performance of Corian. The tests will therefore reinforce for the constraining certain geometric variables within the parametric models.

In this case it shows the movement of people in transit through paramet-ric design, which also reinforce for the Gate-way Project Brief due to “motion” is now the mainly concept for our group. The Wyndham City Project was seek-ing the design is able to be viewed by motor-ists travelling at high speed. Using paramet-ric design techniques will achieve what they are seeking as well as the design concept of our group, “motion”.

As the read-ing “Architec-ture’s New Media” said, the architec-tural design is an activity that deals, in equal m e a s u r e s , with externally imposed con-straints such as site condi-tions, climate, function, cost, building codes and so forth. The computers are superb an-alytical engines and they can follow a line of reasoning to its logical con-clusion. Some-times people’s idea is not go-ing to work out through the computational design tech-niques, espe-cially for the cons t ruc t i on features. The computational design tech-niques will help us to make the building more and more logi-cally. Such as the Grasshop-per which may transfer the statistics into the diagrams.

The investiga-tions into digi-tal technique over the last two decades have provided architects and designers with incredibly pro-ductive tools – but little ba-sis in how and when to use them. If design compu ta t i on strategies are to be used to produce pe-for formative form, then we have to con-sider that how form effects per fo rmance needs to be i n te r roga ted more seriously.

While flash-back to the concept of computational design, what is computational design and why will I use it? I asked my-self whether I understand or not. In my opin-ion, I think the computational design har-nesses the pro-cessing power of computers to perform mil-lions of math-ematic com-putations to create multiple outcomes and these compu-tations can be anything: form g e n e r a t i o n , manipulation, or reduction.

ADAPTIVE RESPIRATIONPASSIVE FLOWER & SHARK SKIN SMART SKIN

THE PARAMETRIC DESIGN WORKSHOP

The parametric design work-shop engages the problems raised by our rapid pace of u rban iza t ion and the ecolog-ical impact of our built envi-ronment, using two main driv-ers: the evolv-ing of digital technologies, and the grow-ing of ecologi-cal awareness.

For these proj-ects, Work-shop will lead a dynamic team that brings to-gether a wealth of practical and research-based archi-tectural and computational parametric de-sign. Extensive parametric and analysis tools are used for the design of these projects, such as Grass-hopper and Rh inosc r i p t .

As digital tech-nology plays a critical role in acknowledging change and difference in the way of the design, build and live archi-tecture. The use of para-metric design software in this context will en-able designers to use design not only as an a r c h i t e c t u r e discourse that reflecting archi-tecture’s aes-thetic values but also as a regulator of the internal and ex-ternal environ-ments, manag-ing bioclimatic flows to main-tain homeo-stasis through i n t e l l i g e n t morphologies.

ANALYSIS THE PARAMETRIC DE-SIGN BASED ON THE PROJECTS

The parametric design has been used in this ex-ample due to it is good to represent a complex shape and making more intersections for the interior and exterior environ-ment, therefore, achieving archi-tectural discourse between exterior vegetation and interior people which also a part of the Gate Way design concept.

Also, using para-metric design can easily attract people due to it always looks com-plex and cool. To make the design conspicuous by adding the veg-etation which just growing from the gap as the Adap-tive Respiration design shows in the top of the building. In this case, the use of vegetation works together with the parametric design functioned as or-namentation to the building. Para-metric design here creates a dynamic surface instead of a flat façade.

The concept of the environmental friendly acts as the architecture discourse for the design and it can be learned for de-signing the Gate-way due to the particular site has less vegetation and green spaces. People who spent lots of time driven on the highway do need some el-ements that are able to change their visual sensa-tion and experi-ence. Melbourne as a ‘Garden City’ has 40% of vegetation cov-ery, meanwhile freeway leads the way into a city, Gateway design as a signage of a city could provide the significant urban image of the city. Respond to the image of ‘Garden City’, (documentation of Melbourne 2013) vegetation acts as a core element of design approach.

brief argument:similarly innovative approach to the Gateway Project

I.1 Case for Innovation I.1.3 PARAMETRIC MODELLING

“Scripting, enables computer programming to be an integral part of the design process, it opens up a world of opportuni-

ties for innovation, allowing the designer to customize the software around their own approach. Scripting liberates

designing by automating many routine aspects and repetitive activities of the design process. It has many beneficial at-

tributes to this approach to digital computation. It is being explored collaboratively with emerging digital fabrication technologies. However, many designers are hesitant to use

and engage in this type of computational design.”

Seroussi pavilion was “grown” out of self-modifying patterns of vectors based on electro-magnetic fields (EMF). Through logics of attraction/repulsion tra-jectories were computed in plan and then lifted via series of structural microarching sections through different frequencies of sine function. It is a project that embodies overlapping employment of a num-ber of scripting cultures and design philosophies.

The design intent was to investigate and experiment ways of scripting toward a solution. However, it seems that the algorithmic logic in the scripting has leaded to discovery of new emergent patterns within gen-erative systems. Floor’s micro-dunning is developed through a complex attractor script operating between 2 sets of geometries. Within this scripting culture, designers are dependent on an optimistic outlook on scripting as a new tool which potentials and pos-sibilities are still being investigated and discovered.

seroussi pavillionparis2007

contemporary scripting project&

design philosophy

part 1:how does the scripting influence

the Gateway project

Reflected back to the layout and the math-matical patterns, as seen in Seroussi Pavil-lion project which not only explores structural tragectories for interiornal design but also enables more possibilities in design beyond the imagination. By establishing means in digital computation and embracing scripting cultures, the Gateway for Wyndham City can be explored in a manner that will create more innovative design outcomes relay on the re-quirements of the Wyndham city council. The employment of generative systems in the Gateway Project can be explored formed on nature elements, magnetic fields in Seroussi Pavillion. Morever, nature occurrences reminds our group of vegetation “waving” the wind.

ICD/ITKE RESEARCH PAVILION 2010, STUTTGART UNIVER-SITY

IN 2010, THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTA-TIONAL DESIGN (ICD) AND THE INSTI-TUTE OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN (ITKE) DESIGNED AND CONSTRUCTED A TEMPORARY RESEARCH PAVILION. THE INNOVA-TIVE STRUCTURE DEMONSTRATES THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN MATERIAL-ORIENTED COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN, SIMULATION, AND PRODUCTION PRO-CESSES IN ARCHITECTURE. THE RE-SULT IS A BENDING-ACTIVE STRUCTURE MADE ENTIRELY OF EXTEREMELY THIN, ELASTICALLY -BENT PLYWOOD STRIPS.

The material (plywood) has been used for the computational test. By using computers, the bending test of timber becomes possible. The computational design model is based on embed-ding the relevant material behavioural features in parametric principles and of course to define a large number of physical ex-periments focusing on the measurement of deflections of elasti-cally bent thin plywood strips are impossible without computer. This design will reinforce for creating more innovation design outcomes rely on the requirements of Wyndham city council due to the different choosing of materials. The employment of generative systems in the Gateway Project can be again ex-plored formed on nature elements, in this case, the plywood

part 2: how does the scripting influence the Gateway project

I.1 Case for Innovation I.1.4 CASE FOR INNOVATION CONCLUTION “The dominant mode of utiliz-

ing computers in architecture today is that of computeriza-tion; entities or processes that are already conceptu-alized in the designer’s mind are entered, manipulated, or stored on a computer system. In contrast, computation or computing, as a computer-based design tool, is gener-ally limited.”

A range of possibilities between geometry, audio and digital behaviours have been presented by interac-tive media system. Some of these elements are ap-propriate for my Expression of Interest proposal and I can learn from them. According to the criteria of the Wyndham City Project there is specific focus on motion, vegetation and material. To see how existing and iconic architecture transformed within a com-putational design. Contemporary reinterpretations such as these can bring architecture to the pres-ent and provoke new interpretations of pre-existing ideas. For our further design of Gateway Project, these cases will therefore have a strong influence.

CASE FOR INNOVATIONCONCLUTION

I.2 RESEARCH PROJECT

I.2.1.1 INPUT/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUT MATRIX

The examples of design project, drawing on installation and urban intervention precedents, especial-ly those commissioned as public art in the proximity of motorways. During the lecture, I was very impres-sive about the ‘Big W’ project, especially for the shadows. Relating on the computer process, it is use-ful to show the design outcomes and their relationship with the railways and the surrounding nature.

According to Kalay’s reading that mentioned the important is to be able to predict how and where com-puters can be useful in design. These in turns show that using computer design (Rhino, Grasshopper, etc) which may be the best way to achieve the complex geometry and forms, thus, parametric design.

“Seeking an exciting, eye catching installation” – The Wyndham City Project

As Kalay mentioned in the reading, framing tasks is important for every computer design. As for the Grasshop-per, the “Input”, “Association” and the “Output” act as the frames of the design processes and therefore under-standing each of the steps seems more necessary for achieving the design outcomes. These “cut definitions” can be used in combination with different components for inputs, an associative technique and output geometry.

At this stage, I find that however computers are su-perb analytical engines as Kalay said in the read-ing, but the problem is that to transfer our idea to computer is more difficult than transferring com-puter data to our mind. If correctly programmed, computers can follow a line of reasoning to its logical conclusion and never be tired, never make silly arithmetical mistakes and will gladly search through and correlate facts buried in the end-less heaps of information that they can store.

Arbitrary Points - Curve Attrac-tor – Data Driven Extrusion

Boolean Patterning – Maths Functions –Rotation Operation

Everybody studied the maths in the high school and we learned how the function looks like. However, we never learned that to repeat them several times and they may create an architectural parametric design by using the computer program. I think it is a communication between high school student and the university students. As Kalay said in the reading that drawings and scale models allowed architects not only to communicate with the builders and their clients, but also to experiment with alternative design solutions and test them on paper for form and function before they were committed to stone. They allowed more people to become involved in the design process, and allowed the architects to develop more intricate design.

The above variational exploration is an example of a search pro-cess known as a depth first method which is relative to the ex-ploration of a candidate solution to its logical conclusion. Our groups design intent is focused on natural occurrences at this stage and we are interested in emergent forms and generative systems. Hence, in regards to the EOI, it is important to under-stand that the search process for the Gateway Project for Wyn-dham city can produce more optimal outcomes and design solu-tions. Depending on the search method as specified by Kalay’s reading it is apparent that computational design has much more innovative and possible candidate solutions for consideration.

I.2 RESEARCH PROJECTI.2.1.2 REVERSE - ENGINEERED CASE-STUDY

The concept of perfor-mance-driven architectur-al design including existing approaches and the po-tentials for the future has been discussed during the lecture. To regard “air” as a foundation to these, more advanced, techniques has been discussed of how the base principles of para-metric modelling can be extend into simulation en-vironments with genera-tive and evaluative capa-bilities able to stage many types of performances.

The museum’s unique copper façade is perforated to simulated dappled light filtering through a canopy of trees, creating an ab-stract pattern that complements the de Young’s parkland setting.

De Young Museum [ Herzog & de Meuron]

To create the perforation de-sign for the façade, architects Herzog & de Meuron super-imposed abstracted digitized photographs of tree canopies onto each elevation of the de Young and its four-sided tower.

Hills Place [Amanda Levette Architects ]

The sculptural form is achieved by using a system of aluminium. Due to this project is aiming more nature light accessing in the nar-row street, the metallic silver finish used here is a high perfor-mance durable paint which typi-cally used on the super yahts. These remind me that the mate-rial should be carefully consid-ered due to the reflecting of light will make the driver vertiginous.

Articulated Cloud [Ned Kahn ]

The frames showed to be re-ally dense, however it is still visible throughout the interior.

Restaurant Aoba-Tei [Hitoshi Abe ]

This is another case that get-ting idea from landscape, espe-cially, the vegetation. Adopting the imagery of Sendai’s char-acteristic landscape, the steel panels are perforated with a hole-pattern based on a photo-graph of a Zelkova tree canopy.

McCormick Tribune Campus Center [ OMA ]

Airspace Tokyo [Faulders Studio ]

Creating exterior building skin by a layer of dense vegetation, the design invents an architectural system that performs with simi-lar attributes to the demolished green strip and creates a new atmospheric space of protection.

EOI- case study

Playing with shadow perforated simulated

landscape vegeta-tion

Avoid the re-flexible material

Perforated surface More interaction while driven from differ-ent direction

Vegetation

2D – 3D ap-parent depth

Motionvegetation, connect to nature overlapping Grasshopper difi-nation

Dior Ginza [Office of Kumiko Inui ]

The Dior Ginza act as an archi-tecture discourse by interpreted at the scale of the city, the plaid and diagonal pattern wraps the taught skin for the building, dis-guising the scale and internal organization of floor levels and program. In this case, the façade was developed as a double-lay-ered skin comprised of two in-dependent which given an idea of using 2 surfaces to attract the drivers driven from both di-rection for the Gateway design.

Andre de Gouveia Residence [ Vincent Parreira ]

Designed to provide a unique experience for both visitors and passers-by, and to pro-vide the retail flexibility re-quired without removing the urban experience from shop-ping. Also, the use of double-glazed façade system will rein-force for the Gateway Project.

John Lewis Department Store [Foreign Office Architects]

Spanish Pavilion, Expo 2005 [Foreign Office Architects ]

Shadow, structure elements such as arches and vaults; and decorative applications, such as lattices and traceries

Gantenbein Vineyard Facade [ Gramazio & Kohler ]

2 double-layered skins comprised of two independent EOI- case study

Lighting Effect

MotionDouble-facade

Arches Shape

Shadow

CASE STUDY- BANQ Restau-rant [Office DA]

Ceiling “drip” and “slump”The design of space is conceptualized around the division, on the z axis, between the ceil-ing and the ground. To that end, they devel-oped a striated wood-slatted system that conceals the view of the mechanical, plumb-ing, and lighting sys-tems on the longitudinal axis, which offering a virtual canopy under which to dine. Another important part of the design is the structure and how its geometry conforms to the equip-ment above. Learning from this case, we start to concern the struc-ture and how to con-struct out design for the Gateway Project due to the parametric design seems like only used for the designing of the façade for buildings.

FOCUS ON

Structure Ceiling “drip” and “slump”

Division: Z axis development

Support virtual canopy

Geometry

Different material

Different texture

Different feelings

Gradually chaning in shape

Overlapping

I.2 RESEARCH PROJECT I.2.1.3 MATERIAL EFFECTS

Changing the scale of the layers gradually to create movement (motion), especially, when people driving in a fast speed which has also been mentioned in the Wyndham City Gateway Project.

REVERSE-ENGINEER IN GRASSHOPPER

physical model

I.2 RESEARCH PROJECT I.2.1.4 ASSEMBLY METHODS

[SURFACE] REBUILD THE SURFACE IN RHINO

[CONTOUR] CREATE A SET OF MESH CONTOUR)

[GRAFT] GRAFT A TREE BY ADDING AN EXTRA BRANCH FOR EVERY DATA ITEM BEFORE

[CP] CONTROL POINT THAT EXTRACT THE NURBS CONTROL POINTS AND KNOTS OF A CURVE

[PCOMP] DECOMPOSE A POINT INTO ITS COMPONENT PARTS

[CRV] CREATE A NURBS CURVE FROM CONTROL POINTS

[JOIN] JOINED CURVES AND INDIVIDUAL CURVES

[LOFT] CREATE A LOFTED SURFACE THROUGH A SET OF SECTION CURVES & MAKE IT ABLE TO MOVE

[PROJECT] PROVIDE TRANSFORMATION DATA

MAKING SURE PROVIDE THE POSITION (xyz) FOR EACH COMPONENTS

REVERSE-ENGINEER IN GRASSHOPPER

“Linked to the concept of optimisation, how-ever fully optimised buildings are a misno-mer. Performance driven design thus aims for optimally directed design outcomes.”

PERFORMANCE DRIVEN DESIGN

I.2 RESEARCH PROJECT I.2.2 RESEARCH PROJECT CONCLUSION

The parametric techniques that I have learnt are multiplex, however after researching and testing several com-bination of “input” “association” and “output”, I seems could understand the logical way of thinking of Grasshop-per. For the future work, the more logical way of thinking will be provide by using the parametric techniques that I have learned, also it will enables a family of related design options (or versions) to be explored and evaluated.

I.3 eoi conclusioncompetitive advantage

The results of the evaluation are communicated back to the previous steps for improvement or adjustment of the solution, or for changing the requirements. It is possible that a deficiency detected by the evaluation process can be fixed by changing the solution. Or, if the deficiency is not due to a shortcoming of the solu-tion, but rather to incompatible goals or overly restric-tive constraints, the goals and the constraints must be adjusted if a satisfactory solution is to be achieved.

The design equivalent is the “satisficing” so-lution, which is often somewhat different from the original solution and meets goals that are somewhat different from the ones that were determined at the outset of the process.

As in the Wyndham City’s design brief, they mentioned that they want the Gateway de-sign to be exciting, eye catching installation. We did the research for the parametric design and we found that the parametric design can act as the innovation architecture in this century and they are always looks cool and complex. After the re-searching, we learnt that lots of parametric de-signs are good for acting the motion, the 2D to 3D images, etc. After we did several “matrix”, we find out that it is important to ‘framing the task’ as Kalay mentioned in the reading. Moreover, the concept of “motion (dynamic views)” has been chosen for our further develop of the Gateway project due to the ‘matrix’ gave us a background technology of showing the motion in Grasshopper. The case study of BANQ reinforce for the proposal design due to the idea of overlapping as well as the idea of gradually changing the views reminds us for the further design. At this stage, we are aiming that to use several layers to create dynamic feel-ing, especially when they drive in a high speed.

As in the Wyndham City’s brief mentioned ‘the installation will enhance the physical environments through the introduc-tion of a visual arts component’, our group decided to add the vegetation in the design due to in the particular site, there are less vegetation. Moreover, there is a good ex-ample that using vegetation to make the parametric design more active and it will therefore make good ventilation for the inside people and outside environment.

We learnt from the examples un-der section “Innovation of Architecture”. The use of parametric design software will enable designers to use design not only as an ar-chitecture discourse that reflecting architec-ture’s aesthetic values but also as a regula-tor of the internal and external environments, managing bioclimatic flows to maintain ho-meostasis through intelligent morphologies.

‘The concept of the environmental friendly acts as the architecture discourse for the design’ and it can be learned for design-ing the Gateway due to the particular site has less vegetation and green spaces. People who spent lots of time driven on the highway do need some elements that are able to change their vi-sual sensation and experience. Melbourne as a ‘Garden City’ has 40% of vegetation covery, meanwhile freeway leads the way into a city, Gateway design as a signage of a city could provide the significant urban image of the city. Respond to the image of ‘Garden City’, vegeta-tion acts as a core element of design approach.

I.4 learning objectives and outcomes:interim

“Ornament is the figure that emerges from the ma-terial substrate, the expression of embedded forc-es through processes of construction, assembly and growth. It is through ornament that material transmits affects. Ornament is therefore neces-sary and inseparable from the object.”

SKETCH MODEL i

‘rolling in the deep’OVERLAPPING CREATE DEPTH WHICH PROVIDE VISUAL STRIKE

“Breadth first. In this method several alternative ways to develop a candidate solution are explored before any one of them is taken

to its logical conclusion.”-- KALAY’S METHODS

DAYTIME

NIGHTVIEW

Refers to Kalay’s reading, a branch of computer since that has devoted con-siderable energy to the study of search methods, espe-cially, the “Breadth first” methods which has been used for our design process.

Instead of searching the solution space for the solution to a prob-lem, we look for a so-lution to the problem. This can be accom-plished by reducing the size of the solu-tion space by adding constraints until all but a few or perhaps only one solution re-mains, making the selection of the satis-factory solution trivial.

DAYTIME VIEW

DAYTIME VIEW

DAYTIME VIEW

VIEW CHANGING THROUGH DIFFERENT

TIME IN A DAY

WEATHERING

TEXTURE, COLOUR, WATER BUBBLE, LIGHT REFLECTION

SKETCH MODEL ii

‘shadow’LIGHT, SHADOW, DYNAMIC

Drawings and scale models allowed architects not only to communicate with the builders and their clients, but also to experiment with alternative design solutions and test them on paper for form and function before they were committed to stone. They allowed more people to become involved in the design process, and allowed the architects to develop more intricate designs. Our group made two sketch models for testing and experiencing the idea based on our design concept at this stage. The ‘Vortex –penetration’ model is more concentrate on experiencing the methods that we learned through the cases of innovation and the CUT case study projects. However, the second model is more concentrate the shadow effect of the design which will create a dynamic view for the drivers.

• The use of vegetation has been argued be-tween tutors due to the vegetation types are hard to find and the “vegetation video’ that we showed seems like useless. However, Chris thought that vegetation is a good option for the design. The use of vegetation may be delete, due to vegetation seems like uncontrollable. • The ideas from two sketch model have to be combined for the further development. Thus, repre-sent “motion” by changing the different shapes of layers.

• At the structural point of view, the second “tun-nel like” structure is not stable. The construction for the Gateway design still has to be careful analysed.

• Overlapping seems like a good start point for the further development. The “honey cone” sketch model has been showed the idea of “rolling in the deep” successfully. • We concentrate the structure of the BANQ case study before, however, it seems like that we will move the focusing on the change of layers, different materials as well as different texture will all create better experience.

The presentation has been held on 27 April, 2012.

FEEDBACK ANND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT:

Archi Daily 2009, Broadcasting Architecture Worldwide, USA viewed 12th April 2012 http://www.archdaily.com/42581/banq-office-da/

Biothing 2007, Biothing Continuum, UK viewed 20th April 2012 http://www.biothing.org/?cat=5

Burry, Mark (2011). Scripting Cultures: Architectural Design and Programming (Chichester: Wiley), pp. 8 - 71. Moussavi, Farshid and Michael Kubo, eds (2006). The Function of Ornament (Barcelona: Actar), pp. 5-14

Dezeen Magazine 2011, Dezeen Limited 2006-2010, London viewed 19th April 2012 http://www.dezeen.com/2011/10/31/icditke-research-pavilion-at-the-university-of-stuttgart/

Expo 2010 Shanghai China, Shanghai Expo China, Shanghai viewed 23rd April 2012 http://en.expo2010.cn/c/en_gj_tpl_71.htm

Heatherwick Studio 2010, Thomasd Heatherwick, UK viewed 19th April 2012 http://www.heatherwick.com/uk-pavilion/

Office dA Inc. 2006-2008, BANQ restaurant, structure perspective, viewed 21st April 2012 http://homedecor-housedesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Unique-Restaurant-Interior-concept.jpg

Richard Williams, 'Architecture and Visual Culture', in Exploring Visual Culture : Definitions, Concepts, Contexts, ed. by Matthew Rampley (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005), pp. 102 – 16

Yatzer 2009, Costas Voyatzis, Greece viewed 12th April 2012 http://yatzer.com/BANQ-restaurant-by-Office-dA

Yehuda E. Kalay, Architecture's New Media : Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cam-bridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2004), pp. 5 – 25

reference