8/18/2019 (journal full text) Risk of Intussusception After Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination

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^ df   e f w f e i o m e n g c u r e m o c a    kfnjljef

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>  6=<

crjijemo mrtjlof

Rjs` ca Jetussuslfptjce matfrKcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce

Frjl \. Yfjetrmub, K.X.D., Gmkfs Bmiis, Xd.N., Gcemtdme Nuaay, K.N., K.X.D.,Lomunjm Qfooczzj, K.N., K.X.D., Fnwmrn M. Bfoceijm, K.N.,

\tfpdmejf Jrvjei, K.D.\., Ejlcom X. @ofje, K.N., Xd.N., Gmsce K. Iomez, Xd.N.,\tfvfe G. Gmlcbsfe, K.N., Xd.N., Moojsce Emofwmy, Xd.N.,

Ojsm M. Gml`sce, K.N., K.X.D., men Arme` Nf\tfamec, K.N., K.X.D.

Arck tdf Lfetfrs acr Njsfmsf Lcetrco men

Xrfvfetjce, Jkkuejzmtjce \mafty Caajlf,Mtometm (F.\.Y., G.B., G.N., L.Q., A.N.)0Kmrsdajfon Lojejl Rfsfmrld Acuenmtjce,Kmrsdajfon, YJ (F.M.B.)0 Lfetfr acr DfmotdRfsfmrld, @mjsfr Xfrkmefetf Ecrtdwfst,Xcrtomen, CR (\.J., M.E.)0 Qmlljef \tunyLfetfr, @mjsfr Xfrkmefetf Ecrtdfre Lmoj-acrejm, Cm`omen (E.X.@.)0 @mjsfr XfrkmefetfLcocrmnc, Murcrm (G.K.I.)0 @mjsfr Xfrkm-efetf \cutdfre Lmojacrejm, Xmsmnfem (\.G.G.)0men Ircup Dfmotd Rfsfmrld Jestjtutf, \f-mttof (O.M.G.). Mnnrfss rfprjet rfqufsts tcKr. Yfjetrmub mt tdf Jkkuejzmtjce \maftyCaajlf, Lfetfrs acr Njsfmsf Lcetrco menXrfvfetjce, =188 Lojatce Rn. EF, K\ N21,Mtometm, IM <8<<<, cr mt fjw4Hlnl.icv.

^djs mrtjlof wms pubojsdfn ce Gmeumry =>,28=>, mt EFGK.cri.

E Feio G Kfn 28=>0<9876=<-:.

NCJ7 =8.=861/EFGKcm=<==9<4

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty.

M B \ ^ RM L ^

Bml`ircuen

Motdcuid lurrfet rctmvjrus vmlljefs wfrf ect msscljmtfn wjtd me jelrfmsfn rjs` ca je-

tussuslfptjce je omrif trjmos bfacrf ojlfesurf, rflfet pcstojlfesurf nmtm arck jetfrem-tjcemo sfttjeis suiifst tdf pcssjbjojty ca m skmoo jelrfmsf je rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce

matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce. Yf fxmkjefn tdjs rjs` je m pcpuomtjce je tdf

Vejtfn \tmtfs.

Kftdcns

Xmrtjljpmets wfrf jeamets bftwffe tdf mifs ca > men <> wff`s wdc wfrf fercoofn je

sjx jetfirmtfn dfmotd lmrf crimejzmtjces je tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje` (Q\N) prcg-

flt. Yf rfvjfwfn kfnjlmo rflcrns men vjsjts acr jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 nmys matfr

kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce arck Mprjo 2884 tdrcuid Kmrld 28=<. Vsjei sf-

qufetjmo memoysfs, wf tdfe lckpmrfn tdf rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce mkcei ldjonrfe

rflfjvjei kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef wjtd djstcrjlmo bml`ircuen rmtfs. Yf aur-

tdfr lckpmrfn tdf rjs` matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce wjtd tdf rjs` je m

lcelurrfet lcdcrt ca jeamets wdc rflfjvfn tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef.

Rfsuots

Nurjei tdf stuny pfrjcn, 289,:66 ncsfs ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef (jelounjei

==6,:84 ajrst ncsfs men :2,8>9 sflcen ncsfs) wfrf mnkjejstfrfn je tdf Q\N pcpuom-

tjce. Yf jnfetjajfn 1 lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 nmys matfr tdf mnkjejstrm-

tjce ca fjtdfr ncsf ca vmlljef. Acr tdf twc ncsfs lckbjefn, tdf fxpfltfn eukbfr ca

jetussuslfptjce lmsfs wms 8.92, rfsuotjei je m sjiejajlmet rfomtjvf rjs` ca 4.>. Acr tdf

pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef, =,<8=,4=8 ncsfs wfrf mnkjejstfrfn nurjei tdf stuny

pfrjcn, wjtd 4 cbsfrvfn jetussuslfptjce lmsfs (9.== fxpfltfn), acr m ecesjieja jlmet

rfomtjvf rjs` ca =.=. ̂ df rfomtjvf rjs` ca ldmrt-lceajrkfn jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 nmysmatfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce, ms lckpmrfn wjtd tdf rjs` matfr pfetmvmofet

rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce, wms :.> (:6% lceajnfelf jetfrvmo, =.> tc =8<.4). ̂ df mttrjbutmbof

rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca twc ncsfs ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljef wms fstjkmtfn tc bf 6.< pfr =88,888 jeamets vmlljemtfn.

Lcelousjces

Je tdjs prcspfltjvf pcstojlfesurf stuny ca kcrf tdme 288,888 ncsfs ca kcecvmofet

rctmvjrus vmlljef, wf cbsfrvfn m sjiejajlmet jelrfmsf je tdf rmtf ca jetussuslfptjce

matfr vmlljemtjce, m rjs` tdmt kust bf wfjidfn mimjest tdf bfefajts ca prfvfetjei

rctmvjrus-msscljmtfn jooefss. (Auenfn by tdf Lfetfrs acr Njsfmsf Lcetrco men Xrfvfetjce.)

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

8/18/2019 (journal full text) Risk of Intussusception After Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination

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^d f   e f w f e i o m e n g c u r e m o c a    kfnjljef

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>6=>

^df ajrst ojlfesfn rctmvjrus vmlljef

(Rctm\djfon) wms wjtdnrmwe arck tdf V.\.

kmr`ft je =::: bflmusf ca me jelrfmsfn

rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce.= \ubsfqufetoy, twc rctm-

 vjrus vmlljefs dmvf bffe ojlfesfn je tdf Vejtfn

\tmtfs7 Rctm^fq (m pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef)

je 2881 men Rctmrjx (m kcecvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljef) je 2884.2,< ^df twc vmlljefs uenfrwfetprfojlfesurf lojejlmo trjmos jevcovjei 18,888 tc

98,888 jeamets fmld, je wdjld ec jelrfmsfn rjs`

ca jetussuslfptjce wms jnfetjajfn.>,6

Xcstojlfesurf kcejtcrjei je tdf Qmlljef \mafty

Nmtmoje` (Q\N) prcgflt dms ect acuen me jelrfmsf

je tdf rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce matfr pfetmvmofet

rctm vjrus vmlljemtjce.1,9 Mt tdf tjkf ca tdf stuny

ca tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef, tcc afw ncsfs

ca tdf kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef dmn bffe

mnkjejstfrfn tc mssfss tdf rjs` ca jetussuslfp-

tjce. Vptm`f ca tdf kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef

subsfqufetoy jelrfmsfn, moocwjei us tc fvmoumtftdf msscljmtjce bftwffe rflfjpt ca tdf vmlljef

men jetussuslfptjce je m V.\. pcpuomtjce.

Kftdcns

\tuny Nfsjie

^df Q\N prcgflt js m lcoombcrmtjvf faacrt bftwffe

tdf Lfetfrs acr Njsfmsf Lcetrco men Xrfvfetjce

(LNL) men sfvfrmo jetfirmtfn dfmotd lmrf crimej-

zmtjces, sjx ca wdjld pmrtjljpmtfn je tdjs stuny7

Ircup Dfmotd Lccpfrmtjvf, \fmttof0 @mjsfr Xfr-

kmefetf Ecrtdwfst, Xcrtomen, CR0 @mjsfr Xfrkm-

efetf Ecrtdfre Lmojacrejm, Cm`omen0 @mjsfr Xfr-

kmefetf \cutdfre Lmojacrejm, Xmsmnfem0 @mjsfr

Xfrkmefetf Lcocrmnc, Murcrm0 men Kmrsdajfon

Lojejl Rfsfmrld Acuenmtjce, Kmrsdajfon, YJ.4 

Fofltrcejl nmtm rfimrnjei vmlljemtjces men dfmotd

lmrf utjojzmtjce „ jelounjei tdf njmiecsjs lcnfs

bmsfn ce tdf Jetfremtjcemo Lomssjajlmtjce ca Njsfmsfs,

Ejetd Rfvjsjce, Lojejlmo Kcnjajlmtjce (JLN-:-LK) arck

dcspjtmos, fkfrifely nfpmrtkfets, men cutpmtjfet

lojejls „ mrf upnmtfn wff`oy tc lcenult survfjo-

omelf ca mnvfrsf fvfets matfr vmlljemtjce.

\tuny Cvfrsjidt

^df stuny wms auenfn by tdf LNL. ^df prctclco

 wms mpprcvfn by tdf jestjtutjcemo rfvjfw bcmrn mt

fmld sjtf men wms nftfrkjefn tc bf pubojl dfmotd

survfjoomelf by tdf LNL.

\tuny Xmrtjljpmets

Cur stuny jelounfn jeamets bftwffe tdf mifs ca >

men <> wff`s wdc dmn rflfjvfn mt ofmst cef ncsf

ca ldjondccn vmlljef. Acr tdf kcecvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljef, ncsfs wfrf ojkjtfn tc tdcsf mnkje-

jstfrfn bftwffe tdf mifs ca > men 28 wff`s acr

ncsf = men bftwffe tdf mifs ca =8 men <> wff`s

acr ncsf 2. Yf jnfetjajfn moo dcspjtmo men fkfr-

ifely nfpmrtkfet vjsjts acr jetussuslfptjce cl-

lurrjei = tc <8 nmys matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljemtjce usjei JLN-:-LK lcnfs (‟6><.:, ctdfrmen uespfljajfn njsfmsf ca tdf mppfenjx jeloun-

jei jetussuslfptjce‛ men ‟618.8, jetussuslfptjce‛),

 wdjld wfrf rfstrjltfn tc tdf a jrst lcnf ijvfe je

tdf ojaftjkf ca tdf ldjon. Yf rfvjfwfn kfnjlmo

rflcrns usjei tdf Brjidtce Lcoombcrmtjce nfajej-

tjce: acr moo suspfltfn jetussuslfptjce fvfets tdmt

cllurrfn wjtdje 9 nmys matfr mey vmlljemtjce, fx-

lounjei nmy 8 (tdf nmy ca vmlljemtjce). ^df pdysj-

ljme rfvjfwfrs wfrf mwmrf ca tdf typf ca vmlljef

tdmt dmn bffe mnkjejstfrfn.

Kcejtcrjei ca Jetussuslfptjce

Acr sfqufetjmo kcejtcrjei ca jetussuslfptjce ma-

tfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce, wf nftfr-

kjefn bml`ircuen rmtfs usjei JLN-:-LK“lcnfn,

lckputfrjzfn nmtm rfimrnjei fkfrifely nfpmrt-

kfet men dcspjtmo vjsjts wjtdcut kfnjlmo-rflcrn

rfvjfw.9 Yf strmtjajfn tdf rmtfs mllcrnjei tc tdf

 wff` ca mif men sjtf men rfstrjltfn tdf memoysfs

tc tdf yfmrs arck 288= tdrcuid 2886 tc kjej-

kjzf bjms arck pcssjbof sfluomr trfens men tc

fxlounf tdf nmtfs wdfe tdf kcecvmofet men pfe-

tmvmofet vmlljefs wfrf bctd je usf. Yf lcenultfn

 wff`oy memoysfs arck Mprjo 2884 tdrcuid Kmrld

28=<, usjei sfqufetjmo kcejtcrjei kftdcns.1,=8-=> 

Yf strmtja jfn miirfimtfn wff`oy nmtm arck moo pmr-

tjljpmtjei sjtfs mllcrnjei tc Q\N sjtf, mif, sfx, lmo-

fenmr wff` ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce,

eukbfr ca ncsfs, men ctdfr vmlljefs tdmt wfrf

mnkjejstfrfn ce tdf smkf nmy.

\tmtjstjlmo Memoysjs

Yf lckpmrfn tdf cbsfrvfn rmtf ca jetussuslfp-

tjce wjtd tdf bml`ircuen rmtf men lckputfn tdf

rfomtjvf rjs` by njvjnjei tdf eukbfr ca cbsfrvfnlmsfs by tdf eukbfr ca fxpfltfn lmsfs. Yf lmolu-

omtfn tdf fxpfltfn eukbfr ca jeljnfet lmsfs ca

jetussuslfptjce usjei tdf mif men sjtf njstrjbu-

tjce ca tdf pcpuomtjce tdmt rflfjvfn tdf kcecvm-

ofet vmlljef kuotjpojfn by tdf lcrrfspcenjei

bml`ircuen rmtfs ca jetussuslfptjce.

Yf usfn tdf Xcjssce vfrsjce ca tdf kmxjkjzfn

sfqufetjmo prcbmbjojty rmtjc tfst (kmx\XR^).=6 ^df

tfst stmtjstjl acr kmx\XR^ js tdf oci-oj`fojdccn

rmtjc, wdjld js lmoluomtfn arck tdf cbsfrvfn men

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

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Jetussuslfptjce ma tfr Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>  6=6

fxpfltfn eukbfrs ca lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce.

Yf spfljajfn tdmt m kjejkuk ca < cbsfrvfn lmsfs

kust bf jnfetjajfn tc nfectf me fofvmtfn rjs` cr

sjiemo. Yf aurtdfr spfljajfn me mopdm frrcr ca 8.86

men me uppfr ojkjt acr sfqufetjmo kcejtcrjei ca

mpprcxjkmtfoy <88,888 ncsfs. Acr tctmo ncsfs mn-

kjejstfrfn, tdf uppfr ojkjt wms sft mt < jetussus-

lfptjce lmsfs, wdjld prcvjnfn m pcwfr ca 9<% tcnftflt m rfomtjvf rjs` ca <, m pcwfr ca :8% tc nftflt

m rfomtjvf rjs` ca >, men m pcwfr ca kcrf tdme ::%

tc nftflt m rfomtjvf rjs` ca =8. Acr lmoluomtjei tdf

rjs` sfpmrmtfoy acr ncsf = men ncsf 2, tdf uppfr

ojkjt wms sft mt =.6 jetussuslfptjce lmsfs, lcr-

rfspcenjei tc =96,888 men =26,888 ncsfs, rfspfl-

tjvfoy. Yf usfn tdf uppfr ojkjt men mopdm-frrcr

ofvfo tc nftfrkjef tdf lrjtjlmo vmouf ca tdf oci-

oj`fojdccn rmtjc. Ja tdf oci-oj`fojdccn rmtjc fx-

lffnfn tdf lrjtjlmo vmouf je tdf wff`oy memoysjs,

tdf euoo dypctdfsjs wms rfgfltfn.

Celf tdf oci-oj`fojdccn rmtjc fxlffnfn tdflrjtjlmo vmouf, wf lcenultfn aurtdfr memoysfs,

jelounjei me memoysjs ca tfkpcrmo loustfrjei men

m lckpmrjsce wjtd lcelurrfet pfetmvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljemtjce. Bfacrf lcenultjei tdf lcelur-

rfet memoysfs ca kcecvmofet men pfetmvmofet

 vmlljefs, wf upnmtfn cur prfvjcus memoysfs ca

jetussuslfptjce msscljmtfn wjtd pfetmvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljemtjce. Cur prfvjcus memoysjs lcvfrfn

tdf pfrjcn arck Kmy 2881 tdrcuid Afbrumry 28=8.9 

Acr tdf lurrfet memoysjs, wf fxtfenfn tdf pfrjcn

tc Kmrld 28=<.

^df lckpmrjsce ca kcecvmofet men pfetm-

 vmofet vmlljefs wms rfstrjltfn tc tdf tjkf wdfe

tdf twc vmlljefs wfrf je usf, Mprjo 2884 tdrcuid

Kmrld 28=<. Yf rfvjfwfn kfnjlmo rflcrns ca moo

lmsfs matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca fjtdfr vmlljef,

rfimrnofss ca sfttjei (j.f., cutpmtjfet lojejl, fkfr-

ifely nfpmrtkfet, cr dcspjtmo). ^wc pdysjljmes

jenfpfenfetoy rfvjfwfn mbstrmltfn ldmrts0 m tdjrn

pdysjljme rfvjfwfn tdf lmsf wdfe tdfrf wms njs-

mirffkfet bftwffe tdf ajrst twc rfvjfwfrs. Yf

usfn fxmlt ocijstjl rfirfssjce tc fstjkmtf rfomtjvf

rjs`s ca jetussuslfptjce je ldjonrfe rflfjvjei tdf

kcecvmofet vmlljef, ms lckpmrfn wjtd tdf pfe-

tmvmofet vmlljef, matfr mngustkfet acr sjtf, mif (je

 wff`s), ncsf, men sfx. Moo memoysfs wfrf lce-nultfn wjtd tdf usf ca \M\ scatwmrf, vfrsjce :.<

(\M\ Jestjtutf).

Rfsuots

Rjs` ca Jetussuslfptjce acr Kcecvmofet

Qmlljef

Je tdf sfqufetjmo memoysjs, tdf oci-oj`fojdccn rm-

tjc ajrst surpmssfn tdf lrjtjlmo vmouf acr moo ncsfs

ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef matfr tdf jnfetj-

ajlmtjce ca tdf tdjrn lmsf ca jetussuslfptjce, wdfe

=61,118 tctmo ncsfs dmn bffe mnkjejstfrfn. Yflcetjeufn survfjoomelf tdrcuid Kmrld 28=<. Mt

tdmt tjkf, 289,:66 ncsfs ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljef dmn bffe mnkjejstfrfn, jelounjei ==6,:84

ajrst ncsfs men :2,8>9 sflcen ncsfs. \jx lmsfs ca

jetussuslfptjce cllurrfn wjtdje 9 nmys matfr

kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce. Acur ca tdfsf

lmsfs cllurrfn je afkmof jeamets (mt mifs =1, =1,

=9, men =: wff`s) men twc je kmof jeamets (mt

mifs : men =9 wff`s). ^wc lmsfs cllurrfn matfr

ncsf =, men > lmsfs cllurrfn matfr ncsf 2.

^df 1 cbsfrvfn jetussuslfptjce lmsfs wfrf

sjiejajlmetoy kcrf tdme tdf 8.92 lmsfs tdmt wfrf

fxpfltfn ce tdf bmsjs ca djstcrjlmo nmtm (^mbof =).

\jkjomroy, tdf cbsfrvfn eukbfr ca lmsfs (>) matfr

ncsf 2 wms sjiejajlmetoy irfmtfr tdme tdf fxpfltfn

eukbfr ca 8.>:. ^df 2 lmsfs tdmt wfrf cbsfrvfn

matfr ncsf = wfrf ofss tdme tdf kjejkuk euk-

bfr ca rfqujrfn lmsfs (<), sc tdf oci-oj`fojdccn

^mbof =. Rjs` ca Jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 Nmys matfr Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce, ms Lckpmrfn wjtd tdf Djstcrjlmo

Bml`ircuen Rmtf je tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje`, Mprjo 2884 tc Kmrld 28=<.

Ncsf Ec. ca Ncsfs Ec. ca Lmsfsca Jetussuslfptjce RfomtjvfRjs`* Oci-Oj`fojdccnRmtjc Lrjtjlmo Qmouf

Cbsfrvfn Fxpfltfn†

Moo ncsfs 289,:66 1 8.92 4.<4 9.>144 2.616

Ncsf = ==6,:84 2 8.2< 4.42 ER‡ 2.=6=

Ncsf 2 :2,8>9 > 8.>: 4.=9 >.4:22 2.=6=

* ^df rfomtjvf rjs` js tdf eukbfr ca cbsfrvfn lmsfs njvjnfn by tdf eukbfr ca fxpfltfn lmsfs.† ^df fxpfltfn rmtfs ca jetussuslfptjce acr moo o jstfn ncsfs wfrf mngustfn acr mif men sjtf.‡ ^df oci-oj`fojdccn rmtjc wms ect rfpcrtfn (ER) acr tdf memoysjs ca ncsf =, sjelf tdf kjejkuk eukbfr ca < lmsfs ca jetus-

suslfptjce wms ect cbsfrvfn.

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

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^d f   e f w f e i o m e n g c u r e m o c a    kfnjljef

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>6=1

rmtjc wms ect lmoluomtfn. Ms lckpmrfn wjtd tdf

djstcrjlmo rmtf ca jetussuslfptjce je tdf Q\N

pcpuomtjce, tdf mttrjbutmbof rjs` ca jetussuslfp-

tjce acr jeamets rflfjvjei tdf kcecvmofet rctmvj-

rus vmlljef wms 6.< lmsfs pfr =88,888 jeamets

rflfjvjei tdf twc ncsfs ca vmlljef.

Yf pfracrkfn m loustfr memoysjs ca moo jetus-

suslfptjce lmsfs (ce tdf bmsjs ca JLN-:-LK lcnfs)je tdf fkfrifely nfpmrtkfet cr dcspjtmo sfttjei

 wjtdje <8 nmys matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vml-

ljemtjce. Yf jnfetja jfn m sjieja jlmet (X ; 8.82)

loustfr je tdf jetfrvmo < tc 1 nmys matfr suld vml-

ljemtjce (Aji. =M).

Lckpmrjsce wjtd Xfetmvmofet Rctmvjrus

Qmlljef

Cur upnmtfn memoysjs ca nmtm rfimrnjei pfetm-

 vmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce arck Kmy 2881 tdrcuid

Kmrld 28=< sdcwfn ec sjiejajlmet jelrfmsfn rjs`

ca jetussuslfptjce (^mbof 2). \jkjomroy, ec tfkpcrmo

loustfrjei wms cbsfrvfn matfr pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljemtjce (Aji. =B).^df lcelurrfet lckpmrjsce ca nmtm rfimrnjei

tdf kcecvmofet men pfetmvmofet vmlljefs wms rf-

strjltfn tc lmsfs kfftjei Brjidtce Lcoombcrmtjce

ofvfo = lrjtfrjm (nclukfetfn nurjei surifry, ce

rmnjcirmpdy, cr ce mutcpsy) tdmt wfrf njmiecsfn

   E  c .  c   a   J  e   t  u  s  s  u  s  l  f  p   t   j  c  e   L  m

  s  f  s

>

<

=

2

8= 2 < > 6 1 9 4 : == =2 =< => =6 =1 =9 =4 =: 2= 22 2< 2> 26 21 29 24 2:=8 28 <8

Nmys matfr Qmlljef Ncsf

B   Xfetmvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljef

M   Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljef

Ncsf = Ncsf 2

   E  c .  c   a   J  e   t  u  s  s  u  s  l  f  p   t   j  c  e   L  m  s  f  s

6

>

<

=

2

8= 2 < > 6 1 9 4 : == =2 =< => =6 =1 =9 =4 =: 2= 22 2< 2> 26 21 29 24 2:=8 28 <8

Nmys matfr Qmlljef Ncsf

Ncsf = Ncsf 2 Ncsf <

 

Ajiurf =. Mssfsskfet ca Loustfrjei ca Lmsfs ca Jetussuslfptjce matfr Kcecvmofet cr Xfetmvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce,

Mllcrnjei tc tdf Cesft Jetfrvmo men Ncsf.

Je tdf <8 nmys matfr rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce, =8 lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce cllurrfn matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca 289,:66 ncsfsca tdf kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef (Xmefo M) men <4 lmsfs matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca =,<8=,4=8 ncsfs ca tdf pfetm-

vmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef (Xmefo B). ^df ceoy sjiejajlmet loustfrjei ca lmsfs (X ; 8.82) cllurrfn bftwffe nmys < men 1mkcei ldjonrfe rflfjvjei tdf kcecvmofet vmlljef (Xmefo M, sdmnfn).

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

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Jetussuslfptjce ma tfr Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>  6=9

 wjtdje 9 nmys matfr rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce je me

cutpmtjfet lojejl, fkfrifely nfpmrtkfet, cr dcs-

pjtmo. ^df jelousjce ca pcssjbof lmsfs tdmt wfrf

ajrst sffe je m lojejl rfsuotfn je m tctmo ca 9 pcs-

sjbof lmsfs matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce

men : matfr pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce. Ca

tdfsf =1 pcssjbof lmsfs tdmt uenfrwfet kfnjlmo

rflcrn rfvjfw, 6 ca 9 lmsfs (9=%) matfr kcecvmofetrctmvjrus vmlljemtjce wfrf lceajrkfn mllcrnjei tc

Brjidtce Lcoombcrmtjce ofvfo = lrjtfrjm, men = lmsf

(=>%) wms lmtficrjzfn ms Brjidtce Lcoombcrmtjce

ofvfo 2. \jx ca tdf : lmsfs (19%) matfr pfetmvmofet

rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce wfrf lceajrkfn ms Brjidtce

Lcoombcrmtjce ofvfo =0 tdf ctdfr < wfrf nftfrkjefn

ect tc bf lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce.

^df 1 lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce matfr pfetm-

 vmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce cllurrfn matfr tdf

mnkjejstrmtjce ca :::,=2< ncsfs, men tdf 6 lmsfs

matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce cllurrfn

matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca 289,::6 ncsfs (̂ mbof <).Bflmusf ca tdf skmoo eukbfr ca lmsfs, wf lcuon

ect prfljsfoy fstjkmtf ncsf-spfljajl rfomtjvf rjs`s.

Je me memoysjs ca m lckbjemtjce ca moo ncsfs

matfr mngustkfet acr sjtf, mif (je wff`s), men ncsf,

tdf rfomtjvf rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce msscljmtfn

 wjtd kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce wms :.=

(:6% lceajnfelf jetfrvmo PLJ[, =.> tc :4.:). \jelf

tdf kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef js ceoy m twc-

ncsf sfrjfs men sjelf ec jelrfmsfn rjs` ca jetus-

suslfptjce dms bffe sdcwe matfr tdf tdjrn ncsf

ca tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef, wf pfr-acrkfn me mnnjtjcemo memoysjs rfstrjltfn tc

ncsfs = men 20 tdf rfomt jvf rjs` matfr mngustkfet

acr mif men sjtf wms :.> (:6% LJ, =.> tc =8<.4)

(nmtm ect sdcwe). ^df rjs` njaafrfelf wms >.>

pfr =88,888 jeamets rflfjvjei tdf twc ncsfs ca

tdf kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef ms lckpmrfn

 wjtd tdf ajrst 2 ncsfs ca tdf pfetmvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljef.

Njslussjce

Je tdf sfqufetjmo kcejtcrjei memoysfs, wf cb-sfrvfn me jelrfmsfn rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce wjtd-

je 9 nmys matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca mey ncsf ca

kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef. Yf usfn tdf smkf

^mbof 2. Rjs` ca Jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 Nmys matfr Xfetmvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce, ms Lckpmrfnwjtd tdf Djstcrjlmo Bml`ircuen Rmtf je tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje`, Kmy 2881 tc Kmrld 28=<.

Ncsf Ec. ca Ncsfs Ec. ca Lmsfs ca JetussuslfptjceRfomtjvf Rjs`

(:6% LJ)

Cbsfrvfn Fxpfltfn*

Moo ncsfs =,<8=,4=8 4 9.== =.=< (8.>:“2.22)

Ncsf = >:<,618 > =.62 2.1< (8.92“1.9>)

Ncsf 2 >29,2:9 8 2.<9 8 (8.88“=.21)

Ncsf < <48,:6< > <.2= =.26 (8.<>“<.28)

* ^df fxpfltfn rmtfs ca jetussuslfptjce acr moo ojstfn ncsfs wfrf mngustfn acr mif men sjtf.

^mbof <. Lckpmrjsce ca tdf Rjs` ca Jetussuslfptjce wjtdje 9 Nmys matfr tdf Rflfjpt ca Kcecvmofet cr Xfetmvmofet

Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce, ms Rfstrjltfn tc Ldmrt-Lceajrkfn Lmsfs je tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje`, Mprjo 2884 tc Kmrld 28=<.*

Ncsf Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce Xfetmvmofet Rctmvjrus QmlljemtjceRfomtjvf Rjs`

(:6% LJ)†

Ec. ca Ncsfs Ec. ca Lmsfs Ec. ca Ncsfs Ec. ca LmsfsMoo ncsfs 289,:66 6 :::,=2< 1 :.=8 (=.>2“:4.:<)‡

Ncsf = ==6,:84 2 <66,::> 2 <.89 (8.22“>2.<9)

Ncsf 2 :2,8>9 < <>6,826 8 VE (2.=:“VE)

Ncsf < EM EM 2:4,=8> > EM

* Lmsfs wfrf lceajrkfn wjtd tdf usf ca tdf lmsf nfajejtjces acr ofvfo = ca tdf Brjidtce Lcoombcrmtjce. EM nfectfs ectmppojlmbof, men VE uenfajefn.

† ^df rfomtjvf rjs` js acr tdf lckpmrjsce bftwffe tdf rjs` msscljmtfn wjtd kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce men tdf rjs`msscljmtfn wjtd pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce.

‡ ^df rfomtjvf rjs` js acr moo lckbjefn ncsfs ca vmlljef matfr mngustkfet acr sjtf, mif, men eukbfr ca ncsfs.

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

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^d f   e f w f e i o m e n g c u r e m o c a    kfnjljef

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>6=4

sfqufetjmo kcejtcrjei kftdcns tdmt wf usfn je

prfvjcus Q\N stunjfs tdmt njn ect ajen me jelrfmsfn

rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce

ca tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef.1,9 Yf mosc lce-

nultfn m loustfr memoysjs men m lcelurrfet memoysjs

lckpmrjei tdf rjs` matfr kcec vmofet rctmvjrus vml-

ljemtjce wjtd tdmt matfr pfetm vmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljemtjce. Moo tdrff memoysfs jnfetja jfn me je-lrfmsfn rjs` ca jetussuslfptjce wjtdje tdf ajrst

 wff` matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce.

Cur stuny dmn sfvfrmo strfeitds. ̂ df Q\N vml-

ljemtjce nmtm dmvf prfvjcusoy bffe sdcwe tc bf

mllurmtf,=1 men tdf bml`ircuen rmtfs tdmt wf usfn

tc lmoluomtf fxpfltfn vmoufs je tdf sfqufetjmo

memoysjs wfrf lmoluomtfn arck tdf smkf nmtm scurlf

ms wms usfn je cur stuny pcpuomtjce. Cur ajen-

jeis mrf ect prcef tc sfofltjce bjms ms m rfsuot ca

pdysjljmes‚ rfpcrtjei prmltjlfs, sjelf tdf Q\N lmp-

turfs kcst vmlljemtjces men wf dmn =88% mllfss

tc moo kfnjlmo rflcrns.M pctfetjmo ojkjtmtjce ca tdf stuny js tdf usf

ca uelceajrkfn lmsfs ca jetussuslfptjce je tdf

sfqufetjmo memoysfs. Dcwfvfr, bctd tdf bml`ircuen

rmtfs usfn tc lmoluomtf tdf fxpfltfn eukbfr ca

lmsfs men tdf cbsfrvfn lmsfs wfrf rfstrjltfn tc

jepmtjfet men fkfrifely nfpmrtkfet sfttjeis.

Ydfe ojkjtfn tc suld sfttjeis, lmsfs bmsfn ce

tdfsf JLN-:-LK lcnfs dmn prfvjcusoy bffe sdcwe

tc dmvf m pcsjtjvf prfnjltjvf vmouf ca mpprcxj-

kmtfoy 96% je tdf Q\N nmtm9 men je tdf lurrfet

stuny. Kcrfcvfr, cur memoysjs lckpmrjei tdf

kcecvmofet vmlljef wjtd tdf pfetmvmofet vmlljef

jelounfn ceoy lmsfs tdmt wfrf lceajrkfn ce

kfnjlmo-rflcrn rfvjfw.

Mectdfr pctfetjmo lcelfre wjtd cur sfqufe-

tjmo memoysjs js tdf pcssjbof jeaoufelf ca tfkpc-

rmo trfens. Yf nc ect bfojfvf tdjs js oj`foy bf-

lmusf ec jelrfmsfn rmtf wms sffe matfr pfetmvmofet

rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce, ms lckpmrfn wjtd djstcrj-

lmo rmtfs. Je mnnjtjce, tdf lcelurrfet lckpmrj-

sce wjtd pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce mosc

sdcwfn me jelrfmsfn rjs` msscljmtfn wjtd tdf

kcecvmofet vmlljef.Cur upnmtfn memoysjs ca pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus

 vmlljemtjce jelounfn efmroy =.< kjoojce ncsfs men

lcetjeufn tc ajen ec sjiejajlmet jelrfmsfn rjs`

ca jetussuslfptjce. ^df rfomtjvf rjs` matfr tdf ajrst

ncsf ca tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef wms 2.1<

(:6% LJ, 8.92 tc 1.9>). ^djs memoysjs jelounfn moo

fofltrcejlmooy rflcrnfn njmiecsfs wjtdcut ldmrt

lceajrkmtjce ca lmsfs0 matfr kfnjlmo-rflcrn rfvjfw,

ceoy twc ca tdf acur lmsfs tdmt cllurrfn matfr tdf

rflfjpt ca ncsf = wfrf lceajrkfn. ^dus, je tdf

Q\N pcpuomtjce, tdfrf wms ect suaajljfet fvjnfelf

tc lcelounf tdmt tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef

 wms msscljmtfn wjtd me jelrfmsfn rjs` ca jetus-

suslfptjce, sc tdf pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef

sfrvfn ms me mpprcprjmtf lckpmrmtcr acr mssfss-

jei rjs`s matfr kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce.

Cur ajenjei ca me jelrfmsfn rjs` ca jetussus-lfptjce msscljmtfn wjtd kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vml-

ljemtjce js lcesjstfet wjtd ajenjeis arck ctdfr

stunjfs.=9,=4 Je Kfxjlc, jevfstjimtcrs acuen me je-

lrfmsf by m amltcr ca 6 je tdf rjs` ca jetussuslfp-

tjce wjtdje 9 nmys matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce ca

tdf ajrst ncsf ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef.=4 

Me fvmoumtjce je Brmzjo cbsfrvfn m ncubojei ca

tdf rjs` wjtdje 9 nmys matfr tdf mnkjejstrmtjce

ca tdf sflcen ncsf ca kcecvmofet rctmvjrus vml-

ljef but ec jelrfmsf matfr tdf ajrst ncsf.=4 Me-

ctdfr stuny je Kfxjlc sdcwfn m sjiejajlmet je-

lrfmsf, by m amltcr ca 1, je tdf rjs` wjtdje 9 nmysmatfr tdf ajrst ncsf ca tdf kcecvmofet vmlljef.=:

Je mnnjtjce, lcetrmry tc cur ajenjeis ca ec

jelrfmsfn rjs` msscljmtfn wjtd pfetmvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljemtjce, ctdfr stunjfs dmvf suiifstfn

me jelrfmsfn rjs`. Me Mustrmojme stuny sdcwfn

tdmt bctd tdf kcecvmofet men pfetmvmofet vml-

ljefs lmrrjfn m sjiejajlmet jelrfmsf, by m amltcr

ca 9 tc =8, je tdf rjs` wjtdje 9 nmys matfr tdf

mnkjejstrmtjce ca tdf ajrst ncsf men m trjpojei je

tdf rjs` matfr tdf sflcen ncsf.28 Xmssjvf survfjo-

omelf je tdf Vejtfn \tmtfs dms mosc suiifstfn tdf

pcssjbjojty ca m skmoo jelrfmsfn rjs` ca jetussus-

lfptjce matfr tdf ajrst ncsf ca tdf pfetmvmofet

 vmlljef.2= Ajemooy, m rflfet memoysjs ca nmtmbmsfs

ca V.\. dfmotd jesurmelf lomjks sdcwfn m sjiejaj-

lmet jelrfmsf, by m amltcr ca :, je tdf rjs` ca jetus-

suslfptjce wjtdje 9 nmys matfr tdf ajrst ncsf ca

tdf pfetmvmofet vmlljef.=9 ̂ df vmrjcus ajenjeis je

 vmrjcus stunjfs kmy bf nuf tc sfvfrmo amltcrs, je-

lounjei njaafrfelfs je tdf bml`ircuen rmtfs ca

jetussuslfptjce,22,2<  uelcetrcoofn lceacuenjei,

men kftdcncocijlmo njaafrfelfs.=1,=9

Ijvfe tdf skmoo eukbfr ca lmsfs ca jetussus-lfptjce, tdf jelrfmsfn rjs` matfr kcecvmofet rctm-

 vjrus vmlljemtjce je cur stuny kmy mosc bf tdf

rfsuot ca ldmelf. ̂ df lceajnfelf jetfrvmos mrcuen

cur fstjkmtfs, motdcuid sjiejajlmet, mrf wjnf. Cef

ofss lmsf ca jetussuslfptjce msscljmtfn wjtd tdf

kcecvmofet vmlljef cr cef kcrf lmsf msscljmtfn

 wjtd tdf pfetmvmofet vmlljef lcuon dmvf kmnf tdjs

lckpmrjsce ecesjiejajlmet, but tdf rfomtjvf rjs`

 wcuon dmvf rfkmjefn fofvmtfn men stjoo mpprcmldfn

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty. Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn.

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Jetussuslfptjce ma tfr Kcecvmofet Rctmvjrus Qmlljemtjce

e feio g kfn <9801  efgk.cri afbrumry 1, 28=>  6=:

stmtjstjlmo sjiejajlmelf. Lcetjeufn survfjoomelf je

Q\N nmtm cr lceajrkmtjce je ctdfr V.\. pcpuom-

tjces lcuon bf dfopauo je lceajrkjei tdf ofvfo ca

jelrfmsfn rjs` matfr rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce.

Motdcuid wf cbsfrvfn me jelrfmsfn rjs` ca

jetussuslfptjce msscljmtfn wjtd kcecvmofet rc-

tmvjrus vmlljemtjce je tdf Q\N pcpuomtjce, tdf

 wfoo-nclukfetfn bfefajts ca rctmvjrus vmlljem-tjce effn tc bf lcesjnfrfn.2>-29 \jelf tdf stmrt ca

tdf V.\. rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce prcirmk, omrif

nflojefs je rctmvjrus njsfmsf men msscljmtfn

dcspjtmojzmtjces dmvf cllurrfn mkcei V.\. je-

amets.24-<= ^dus, tdf bfefajts ca rctmvjrus vmllj-

emtjce je jeamets dmvf bffe acuen tc cutwfjid

pcssjbof skmoo rjs`s ca jetussuslfptjce.2>-29

^df vjfws fxprfssfn je tdjs mrtjlof mrf tdcsf ca tdf mutdcrs men

nc ect eflfssmrjoy rfprfsfet tdf caajljmo pcsjtjce ca tdf LNL.\uppcrtfn by tdf LNL.

Njslocsurf acrks prcvjnfn by tdf mutdcrs mrf mvmjombof wjtdtdf auoo tfxt ca tdjs mrtjlof mt EFGK.cri.

Yf tdme` tdf pmrtjljpmtjei jetfirmtfn dfmotd lmrf crimejzm-

tjces men tdfjr stmaa acr tdfjr nfnjlmtjce, dfopauo jesjidts, menpmrtjljpmtjce je tdjs prcgflt.

Rfafrfelfs

=. Yjtdnrmwmo ca rctmvjrus vmlljef rfl-

ckkfenmtjce. KKYR Kcrb Kcrtmo Y`oyRfp =:::0>47=889.

2. Xmrmsdmr VN, Mofxmenfr GX, Iomss RJ.

Xrfvfetjce ca rctmvjrus imstrcfetfrjtjsmkcei jeamets men ldjonrfe7 rflckkfe-

nmtjces ca tdf Mnvjscry Lckkjttff ce

Jkkuejzmtjce Xrmltjlfs (MLJX). KKYRRflckk Rfp 2881066(RR-=2)7=-=<.

<. Lcrtfsf KK, Xmrmsdmr VN. Xrfvfetjceca rctmvjrus imstrcfetfrjtjs mkcei je-

amets men ldjonrfe7 rflckkfenmtjces catdf Mnvjscry Lckkjttff ce Jkkuejzm-

tjce Xrmltjlfs (MLJX). KKYR RflckkRfp 288:064(RR-2)7=-26. PFrrmtuk, KKYR

Rflckk Rfp 28=806:7=89>.[

>. Qfsj`mrj ^, Kmtsce NC, Nfeefdy X,ft mo. \mafty men faajlmly ca m pfetmvmofet

dukme“bcvjef (YL<) rfmsscrtmet rctm- vjrus vmlljef. E Feio G Kfn 28810<6>72<-<<.

6. Rujz-Xmomljcs IK, Xêrfz-\ldmfo J, Qf-

oízqufz AR, ft mo. \mafty men faa jlmly ca memttfeumtfn vmlljef mimjest sfvfrf rctm-

 vjrus imstrcfetfrjt js. E Feio G Kfn 28810<6>7==-22.

1. Bfoceijm FM, Jrvjei \M, \duj JK, ft mo.

Rfmo-tjkf survfjoomelf tc mssfss rjs` cajetussuslfptjce men ctdfr mnvfrsf fvfets

matfr pfetmvmofet, bcvjef-nfrjvfn rctmvjrus vmlljef. Xfnjmtr Jeaflt Njs G 28=802:7=-6.

9. \duj JK, Bmiis G, Xmtfo K, ft mo. Rjs`ca jetussuslfptjce acoocwjei mnkjejstrm-

tjce ca m pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef je

V\ jeamets. GMKM 28=20<8976:4-18>.

4. Bmiis G, Iff G, Ofwjs F, ft m o. ̂ df Qml-

ljef \mafty Nmtmoje`7 m kcnfo acr kcejtcr-jei jkkuejzmtjce smafty. Xfnjmtrjls 28==0

=297\uppo =7\>6-\6<.

:. Bjefs GF, @cdo @\, Acrstfr G, ft mo.Mlutf jetussuslfptjce je jeamets men ldjo-

nrfe ms me mnvfrsf fvfet acoocwjei jkku-ejzmtjce7 lmsf nfajejtjce men iujnfojefs

ca nmtm lcoofltjce, memoysjs, men prfsfetm-

tjce. Qmlljef 288>022761:-9>.=8. @ofje EX, Ajrfkme B, Zjd Y@, ft mo.

Kfmsofs-kukps-rubfoom-vmrjlfoom lckbjem-tjce vmlljef men tdf rjs` ca afbrjof sfjzurfs.

Xfnjmtr jls 28=80=21(=)7f=-f4.

==. Iff G, Emofwmy M, \duj J, ft mo. Kcej-

tcrjei tdf smafty ca qumnrjvmofet dukme

pmpjoockmvjrus vmlljef7 ajenjeis arck tdf

Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje`. Qmlljef 28==02:7

429:-4>.

=2. Irffef \@, @uooncraa K, Zje RD, ft mo.

Efmr rfmo-tjkf vmlljef smafty survfjoomelf

 wjtd pmrtj mooy mllrufn nmtm. Xdmrkmlc-fpjnfkjco Nrui \ma 28==028764<-:8.

=<. Off IK, Irffef \@, Yfjetrmub F\, ft

mo. D=E= men sfmscemo jeaoufezm vmlljefsmafty je tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtmoje` prcg-

flt. Mk G Xrfv Kfn 28==0>=7=2=-4.=>. Zjd Y@, @uooncraa K, Ajrfkme BD, ft

mo. Mltjvf survfjoomelf acr mnvfrsf fvfets7tdf fxpfrjfelf ca tdf Qmlljef \mafty Nmtm-

oje` prcgflt. Xfnjmtrjls 28==0=297\uppo =7\6>-\1>.

=6. @uooncraa K, Nmvjs RO, @colzm` K,

Ofwjs F, Ojfu ^, Xomtt R. M kmxjkjzfn sf-qufetjmo prcbmbjojty rmtjc tfst acr nrui

men vmlljef smafty survfjoomelf. \fqufe-tjmo Memo 28==0<8764-94.

=1. Kuooccoy G, Nrfw O, Nf\tfamec A, ft mo.

]umojty ca DKC vmlljemtjce nmtmbmsfsusfn tc kcejtcr ldjondccn vmlljef smaft y.

Mk G Fpjnfkjco =:::0=>:7=41-:>.

=9. Zjd @, Ojfu ̂ , @uooncraa K, ft mo. Jetus-

suslfptjce rjs` matfr rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce

je V.\. jeamets (dttp7//www.kjej-sfetjefo.cri/wcr`Sprcnults/XRJ\K/Kjej-\fetjefo

SXRJ\KSRctmvjrus-men-Jetussuslfptjce-Rfpcrt.pna).

=4. Xmtfo KK, Oüpfz-Lcoomnm QR, BuodöfsKK, ft mo. Jetussuslfptjce rjs` men dfmotd

bfefajts ca rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce je Kfxjlc

men Brmzjo. E Feio G Kfn 28==0<1>7224<-:2.

=:. Qfoízqufz AR, Lcojenrfs RF, IrmgmofsL, ft mo. Xcstkmr`ftjei survfjoomelf ca je-

tussuslfptjce acoocwjei kmss jetrcnultjce

ca tdf mttfeumtfn dukme rctmvjrus vmlljefje Kfxjlc. Xfnjmtr Jeaflt Njs G 28=20<=7

9<1->>.

28. Lmroje GB, Kmlmrtefy @@, Off @G, ft mo.

jetussuslfptjce rjs` men njsfmsf prfvfe-

tjce msscljmtfn wjtd rctmvjrus vmlljefs jeMustrmojm‚s emtjcemo jkkuejzmtjce prc-

irmk. Loje Jeaflt Njs 28=<0697=>29-<>.

2=. Dmbfr X, Xmtfo K, Xme Z, ft mo. Jetus-

suslfptjce matfr rctmvjrus vmlljefs rf-pcrtfn tc V\ QMFR\, 2881-28=2. Xfnjmt-

rjls 28=<0=<=7=8>2-:.

22.  Gustjlf A, Lmroje G, Bjefs G. Ldmeijei

fpjnfkjcociy ca jetussuslfptjce je Mustrm-

ojm. G Xmfnjmtr Ldjon Dfmotd 28860>=7>96-4.

2<. Bjefs GF, Xmtfo K, Xmrmsdmr V. Mssfss-

kfet ca pcstojlfesurf smafty ca rctmvjrus

 vmlljefs, wjtd fkpdmsjs ce jetussuslfp-tjce. G Jeaflt Njs 288:02887\uppo =7\242-

\2:8.

2>. Lcrtfsf K. Fstjkmtfs ca bfefajts menpctfetjmo rjs`s ca rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce je

tdf V.\. Xrfsfetfn mt tdf Mnvjscry Lck-kjttff ce Jkkuejzmtjce Xrmltjlfs Kfftjei,

Mtometm, Guef 28, 28=< (dttp7//www.lnl.icv/ vmlljefs/mljp/kfftjeis/sojnfs-gue-28=<

.dtko).

26. Lcrtfsf KK, Jkkfrioul` OL, Dfon

K, ft mo. Faafltjvfefss ca kcecvmofet men

pfetmvmofet rctmvjrus vmlljef. Xfnjmtrjls28=<0=<2(=)7f26-f<<.

21. Xmyef NL, Bcck GM, \tmmt KM, ft mo.Faafltjvfefss ca pfetmvmofet men kcecvm-

ofet rctmvjrus vmlljefs je lcelurrfet usf

mkcei V\ ldjonrfe ?6 yfmrs ca mif, 288:-28==. Loje Jeaflt Njs 28=<0697=<-28.

29. Nfsmj R, Lcrtfsf KK, Kfotzfr KJ, ftmo. Xctfetjmo jetussuslfptjce rjs` vfrsus

bfefajts ca rctmvjrus vmlljemtjce je tdf

Vejtfn \tmtfs. Xfnjmtr Jeaflt Njs G 28=<0<27=-9.

24. ^mtf GF, Xmeczzc LM, Xmyef NL, ft mo.Nflojef men ldmeif je sfmscemojty ca V\

rctmvjrus mltjvjty mat fr tdf jetrcnultjce carctmvjrus vmlljef. Xfnjmtrjls 288:0=2>7>16-

9=.

2:. ^mtf GF, Kutul GN, Xmeczzc LM, ft mo.\ustmjefn nflojef je rctmvjrus nftfltjces

je tdf Vejtfn \tmtfs acoocwjei tdf jetrc-nultjce ca rctmvjrus vmlljef je 2881. Xfnj-

mtr Jeaflt Njs G 28==0<87\uppo7\<8-\<>.

<8. ^mtf GF, Lcrtfsf KK, Xmyef NL, ft mo.Vptm`f, jkpmlt, men faafltjvfefss ca rctmvj-

rus vmlljemtjce je tdf Vejtfn \tmtfs7 rfvjfwca tdf ajrst < yfmrs ca pcstojlfesurf nmtm.

Xfnjmtr Jeaflt Njs G 28==0<87\uppo7\61-\18.

<=. Lures M^, \tfjefr LM, Bmrrftt K,Duetfr @, Yjosce F, Xmrmsdmr VN. Rfnul-

tjce je mlutf imstrcfetfrjtjs dcspjtmojzmtjcesmkcei V\ ldjonrfe matfr jetrcnultjce ca

rctmvjrus vmlljef7 memoysjs ca dcspjtmo njs-ldmrif nmtm arck =4 V\ stmtfs. G Jeaflt Njs

28=8028=7=1=9-2>.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty.

^df Efw Feiomen Gcuremo ca Kfnjljef

Ncweocmnfn arck efgk.cri ce Ecvfkbfr =<, 28=>. Acr pfrscemo usf ceoy. Ec ctdfr usfs wjtdcut pfrkjssjce.

Lcpyrjidt © 28=> Kmssmldusftts Kfnjlmo \cljfty Moo rjidts rfsfrvfn