Journal combined

Architectrual Studio AirBoyou Wu

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Journal 2016/3/18

INTRODUCTION

My name is Boyou (Yolanda), and I am currently in my third year in university, majoring in Architecture.

I have an international background. I completed my high school education back in China four years ago. After that, I came to Melbourne and spent one year in Trinity foundation program before doing bachelor degree in Melbourne University.

For the past two years in university, I used Rhino to do 3D modeling and simple rendering for my assignments in design studios. Autocad was Also used for drawing plans and section for design or construction subjects. However, what I had experienced with softwares were limited to using them as tools that supporting the representation of my final work. I did not had a chance to use grasshopper before.

From what I expect, digital architecture would not be limited to representing design outcomes,such as modeling and drawing tools, but could leading a design process or at least step-ping into the generating or developing of designing ideas. With digital design, people could have more accurate control on the projects, and make fur-ther adjustments easier and more flexible.


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PART A

Conceptualisation

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CONTENT

A.1 Design Futuring 4

A.2 Design Computation 6

A.3 Composition/Generation 8

A.4 Conclusion 10

A.5 Learning Outcomes 11

A.6 Appendix-Algorithmic Sketches 12

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A.1 Design Futuring

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Figure 1 Dymaxion Wichita house prototype

Figure 3 Interior

Figure 1

Figure 4 BedZED Ecovillage


Figure 6 BedZED Ecovillage-roof solar panel

Figure 2 Dymaxion Wichita house prototype

To support the argument that Architecture as a design practice that contribute to the disciplinary discourse and culture, two projects are used as ex-amples. The first one is the Dymaxion Wichita house prototype, which was built in 1946 by R. Buck-minster Fuller. The other precedent is the BedZED Project in UK, which is typical considering sustain-ability. In general, Dymaxion house was mainly moti-vated by the simultaneous condition of society while BedZED originally aimed to look into the future.

The background of designing of Dymaxion house was right after World War II, when prefabrication was first brought into architecture due to a large number of housing demands and economy depres-sion of War time. The house was just a prototype and was not actually built at that time, however, it had brought a revolution in modern architec-ture, or to be more specific, it could be seen as a starting point for its future development of modern architecture. The prefabrication technique that the house used was fast in speed and great in uniformity. It also encouraged the use of prefab-ricated concrete, which was an important material in the later development of modern architecture. The house and the new method continued to be appreciated partly because that there was a guess-ing of the design futuring for the prefabricated house that machine production would fulfill the housing needs in WWII (Reed 1995). Therefore, it could be suggested even more modern house similar to Dymaxion house was designed and built. As a result, unit houses or dormitories in rectangular forms became popular. This might also influence the way that people live or interact with each other when living units rather than a single house. The emerging of prefabricated house also led to a new consideration in architecture in future.

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Figure 6 BedZED Ecovillage-roof solar panel

People rethink the impermanent prefabrication and thought of being more humane concerned rather than completely directed by cold machines. Thus, the future possibilities are expanded to seek hu-mane environments as well fast, economical and uniform way of architecture. Dymaxion house now is used for exhibition to represent its con-tribution in the development of architecture.

Unlike Dymaxion house, BedZED was design for in consideration of the future development of society on purpose. The project was built in a form of com-munity, which influenced the pattern of living. The overall idea was to be as sustainable as possible. The whole design aimed to consume zero fossil fuels. They used techniques and design ideas to make it possible to use natural resources, such as solar and wind en-ergy. The built of this project was more likely to be a pioneer calling on people to pay attention to the future and tried to lead a revolution of sustainabil-ity. As there are increasingly more problems for the future, the theory and idea behind the project made it still being appreciated by people. Zedpavilion built in the world expo in 2010 in Shanghai was direct-ly inspired by this project. The future possibilities for the project could be to minimize the expenses while maintaining the current zero carbon output. The community is still used for residential purpose. In conclusion, Architecture as a design practice would influence the ongoing disciplinary discourse and cul-ture, no matter whether the architecture itself was designed specifically for future or was designed in response to its contemporary conditions. Their in-fluence on future would not be reduced or omitted.

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A.2 Design Computation

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Figure 7 30 St Mary Axe Figure 8 30 St Mary Axe details Figure 9 Digital development

Using computers in the architectural design process may be beneficial to the problem analysis, solution synthesis, evaluation and communication in the design processes and also in the searching design method. 30 St Mary Axe project was designed by Foster Associates and completed in 2003. It took the advantages of using computers mainly in problem analysis, evaluation and communication design process. As for the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002 designed by Toyo Ito and Cecil Balmond, it might emphasis more on solution synthesis and evaluation. In the problem analysis stage of design process for 30St Mary Axe project, thermal problems were analysed through computing. By simulating a similar environments according to the structure in computers, the problems could be scientifically and accurately analysed, which is much better than analyse the problems through human’s speculation. When in solution synthesis, computing is used as a searching method. For this project, computing is used for producing candidate solutions for consideration through different angles of rotation for plans for each levels (Figure 9). Therefore, computing provide a number of solutions easily. Moreover, the angle of rotation could be accurately controlled through computing, which will beneficial both the evaluation process and also makes it easier for later construction work. In the evaluation pro-cess, computing may help in redefining practice. Computing in evaluation process benefits the compare between solutions and goals or constraints for the reason that it could keep the evaluation rational efficiently. For the communication, 3D modelings are more lifelike and convenient and have direct visual effects for discussion purpose.

As for the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, it could be seen from the image that the whole design of the pavilion was based on the algorithm of a cube (Figure 10). The triangular elements of the facade is a re-sult of computing in solution synthesis and evaluation(puzzle making). Computing could be used to define where in the facade the triangles should be transparent and therefore to produce a number of differ-ent complex solutions in preparation for later evaluations. Meanwhile, a “puzzle making” strategy could also be used, which indicate that solutions could be formulated before any search and further constraints are added(Kalay 2004). This is beneficial in the diversity and random of solutions. For the evaluation, computing make it easier to test solutions more efficiently. For instance, in the project, using computing could much easier to determine how much natural light are suitable for each part of the project and also the pattern of the facade.

Moreover, computing is causing a increasingly closer connection between design and construction, for the reason that when the design becomes more complex and organic through computing, the techniques need for construction will also become higher and more accurate through computing. Thus, through computing, it forms a continuum of design and construction. For example, in the first project, after design it digitally, the data could directly be used for construction. It is very difficult to construct the irregular and organic forms without relying on digital design. For the similar reason , computing could largely expand the range of conceivable and achievable geometries. Computing is beneficial to evidence-oriented designing because that it relies largely on data, and is also beneficial to performance-oriented designing because that it is directly visualised. The unique opportunities could come from the unexpected use of algorithm.

However, computing should be carefully used. An overuse of computing may influence the generating of original ideas directly from human brains.6


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Figure 9 Digital development Figure 10 The Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002

Using computers in the architectural design process may be beneficial to the problem analysis, solution synthesis, evaluation and communication in the design processes and also in the searching design method. 30 St Mary Axe project was designed by Foster Associates and completed in 2003. It took the advantages of using computers mainly in problem analysis, evaluation and communication design process. As for the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002 designed by Toyo Ito and Cecil Balmond, it might emphasis more on solution synthesis and evaluation. In the problem analysis stage of design process for 30St Mary Axe project, thermal problems were analysed through computing. By simulating a similar environments according to the structure in computers, the problems could be scientifically and accurately analysed, which is much better than analyse the problems through human’s speculation. When in solution synthesis, computing is used as a searching method. For this project, computing is used for producing candidate solutions for consideration through different angles of rotation for plans for each levels (Figure 9). Therefore, computing provide a number of solutions easily. Moreover, the angle of rotation could be accurately controlled through computing, which will beneficial both the evaluation process and also makes it easier for later construction work. In the evaluation pro-cess, computing may help in redefining practice. Computing in evaluation process benefits the compare between solutions and goals or constraints for the reason that it could keep the evaluation rational efficiently. For the communication, 3D modelings are more lifelike and convenient and have direct visual effects for discussion purpose.

As for the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, it could be seen from the image that the whole design of the pavilion was based on the algorithm of a cube (Figure 10). The triangular elements of the facade is a re-sult of computing in solution synthesis and evaluation(puzzle making). Computing could be used to define where in the facade the triangles should be transparent and therefore to produce a number of differ-ent complex solutions in preparation for later evaluations. Meanwhile, a “puzzle making” strategy could also be used, which indicate that solutions could be formulated before any search and further constraints are added(Kalay 2004). This is beneficial in the diversity and random of solutions. For the evaluation, computing make it easier to test solutions more efficiently. For instance, in the project, using computing could much easier to determine how much natural light are suitable for each part of the project and also the pattern of the facade.

Moreover, computing is causing a increasingly closer connection between design and construction, for the reason that when the design becomes more complex and organic through computing, the techniques need for construction will also become higher and more accurate through computing. Thus, through computing, it forms a continuum of design and construction. For example, in the first project, after design it digitally, the data could directly be used for construction. It is very difficult to construct the irregular and organic forms without relying on digital design. For the similar reason , computing could largely expand the range of conceivable and achievable geometries. Computing is beneficial to evidence-oriented designing because that it relies largely on data, and is also beneficial to performance-oriented designing because that it is directly visualised. The unique opportunities could come from the unexpected use of algorithm.

However, computing should be carefully used. An overuse of computing may influence the generating of original ideas directly from human brains.7

A.3 Composition/Generation

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Figure 11 Beijing Airport Beijing, China 2003 - 2008

Figure 12 Beijing Airport-internal

Figure 13 Development-1Figure 14 Development-2

Generation is similar to the word “computation”, which indicates that computation could go beyond de-signers and could provide inspirations and generate unexpected outcomes. Meanwhile, Composition is simi-lar to the word “computerisation”, which means the design ideas come from designers and the designers only use computer as a supporting method to present or modeling the project.The shifting from composition to generation could be seen as a process that designers changing from gen-erating ideas from their brain to generating ideas using algorithmic concepts with a sufficient understand-ing of algorithmic concept. The two projects chosen are the Beijing Airport, designed by Foster Associ-ates and Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, designed by Frank Gehry. Beijing International airport tends to be generation, and Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is more composition.Algorithmic thinking:The shifting from composition to generation requires a high level algorithmic thinking which the designers could fully understand how the computer is generating results. This could ensure that the architectural practice could be under control and follows exactly what is expected from the designer. For the airport, as could be seen in Figure 13&14, the form and detail of the shelter were generated through computa-tion which required that the designers clearly know how to ask the computer to design a shelter that could follow the landing functions of the ground level. This requires a high level of Algorithmic thinking.Parametric modeling:The shifting may result in a diversity in modeling. For composition, as the design idea was firstly gener-ated by the designer, it may have been narrow down to a certain appearance or form. What the model-ing need to do is to materialise one given idea. In contrast, for generation, it is the process that could generate a diversity of solutions before given any constraints. Thus, the parametric modeling for genera-tion should be much more and complex than composition. The composition of the museum is actually shown in the construction of the complex architecture. It could be seen from the image that the initial idea comes from a hand-drawing draft of Gehry (Figure 15). 8


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Figure 15 Guggenheim Museum Bilbao ideas

Figure 16 Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Generation is similar to the word “computation”, which indicates that computation could go beyond de-signers and could provide inspirations and generate unexpected outcomes. Meanwhile, Composition is simi-lar to the word “computerisation”, which means the design ideas come from designers and the designers only use computer as a supporting method to present or modeling the project.The shifting from composition to generation could be seen as a process that designers changing from gen-erating ideas from their brain to generating ideas using algorithmic concepts with a sufficient understand-ing of algorithmic concept. The two projects chosen are the Beijing Airport, designed by Foster Associ-ates and Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, designed by Frank Gehry. Beijing International airport tends to be generation, and Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is more composition.Algorithmic thinking:The shifting from composition to generation requires a high level algorithmic thinking which the designers could fully understand how the computer is generating results. This could ensure that the architectural practice could be under control and follows exactly what is expected from the designer. For the airport, as could be seen in Figure 13&14, the form and detail of the shelter were generated through computa-tion which required that the designers clearly know how to ask the computer to design a shelter that could follow the landing functions of the ground level. This requires a high level of Algorithmic thinking.Parametric modeling:The shifting may result in a diversity in modeling. For composition, as the design idea was firstly gener-ated by the designer, it may have been narrow down to a certain appearance or form. What the model-ing need to do is to materialise one given idea. In contrast, for generation, it is the process that could generate a diversity of solutions before given any constraints. Thus, the parametric modeling for genera-tion should be much more and complex than composition. The composition of the museum is actually shown in the construction of the complex architecture. It could be seen from the image that the initial idea comes from a hand-drawing draft of Gehry (Figure 15).

However, an advanced software, CATIA, helped to translate structure and to construct the design due to the mathematical complexity of its organic form. Scripting cultures: For composition, it usually appears that Scripting is not needed as there may not be any reason to control a finalised outcome using scripts. However, for generation, scripting cultures are important and should be comprehended sufficiently.There could be both advantages and disadvantages regarding to composition and generation.For composition:Advantages: Ideas directly comes from human beings, could always hold a fluency for the development of ideas. 3D modeling are virtually beneficial in the presentation of design results.Disadvantages: It may be hard to design and construct some irregular or very organic form of the de-sign. Thus, designing might be limited.For generation:Advantages: If generation is used, design will be made availability for more people, and the it may create more possible designing solutions for a single project, with the advantages of accurate control, easy to modify, diversity of solutions. It may also create a digital continuum from generation, materi-als, and construction.Disadvantages: An overuse of generation skills may result in a blur of design objectives which may lead to a separation rather than forming an integrated design(Brady 2013). It also takes a large amount of time to be familiar enough to use computing as generation. 9

A.4 Conclusion

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In part A, a series of concepts are introduced.

Computation and generation indicates that they have become a true method of design. Computerisation and composition using computing as a supporting and representing tool that helps during the designing process. Computation could be very useful in gener-ating organic or complex forms of architecture and also the analy-sis of design problems. With algorithmic thinking and parametric design, computation would be a continuum from generating ideas all through to construction. It could even be inferred that there may be a possibility that in future construction and design might be taken as an integral when using computation.

As for my intended design approach, computation may be involved to explore the space relationships and the facade within my de-sign project, so that it could be poetry and amenity to visitors.

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A.5 Learning Outcomes

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From the three weeks learning, I had a general understanding of basic concepts of digital architectural design.

The meaning of designing for the futureThe differences,benefits and advantages of computation and com-puterisationAlgorithmic thinking, parametric design, scripting cultureThe shifting from composition to generationThe continuum of digital design including material and construction

I have also managed to use grasshopper to generate some simple mesh and surfaces.

The computation method has caused me to think of my previous work in earth studio. The project I designed aimed to explore the relationship of light and shadows. The roof was carved with differ-ent length of rectangular shape. With digital design, the repetitive carvings could be controlled through algorithmic thinking. The Ser-pentine Gallery Pavilion could be a good example. Thus, the proj-ect could be further developed and evaluated. Computation could a good method during the developing of ideas and may provide fur-ther exploration when the design is stuck.

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A.6 Appendix-Algorithmic Sketches

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Voronoi, Populate 3D

Revolution

Loft

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Voronoi, Populate 3D

Loft, Rotate

Mirror, Move

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Reference

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Peters Brady, ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, 2013.

Peter S. Reed, "Enlisting Modernism" in Donald Albrecht(ed.) Wourld War II and the American Dream, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995

Yehuda E. Kalay, Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004.

http://www.guggenheim-bilbao.es/en/the-building/the-construction/

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http://biomimi.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/dymaxionhouse1.jpg

http://biomimi.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/dymaxionhouse5.jpg

http://www.bioregional.com/wp-content/gallery/bedzed/Bioregional-BedZED.png

http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/Projects/1004/img1.jpg

http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/Projects/1004/img11.jpg

http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/Projects/1004/drawings/img7.jpg

http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/Projects/1004/development/img3.jpg


http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/1683726/img0.jpg

http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/1683766/img8.jpg




http://www.guggenheim.org/images/content/Affiliates/Bilbao/gmb_bilbao_690x235.jpg

http://www.guggenheim-bilbao.es/src/themes/guggenheim-bilbao/images/guggen-frank-gehry.jpg

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/411657222158939466/

http://www.solaripedia.com/images/medium/3368.jpg

http://www.solaripedia.com/images/medium/3377.jpg

http://www.serpentinegalleries.org/sites/default/files/styles/overlay_full_custom_user_xlarge_1x/pub-lic/images/11.III_.10.SD__0.jpg?itok=8Y_E_KIN&timestamp=1393002560

Images:

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PART B

CRITERIA Design

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CONTENT

B.1 Research Field 18

B.2 Case Study 1.0 20

B.3 Case Study 2.0 28

B.4 Technique: Development 34

B.5 Technique: Prototypes 42

B.6 Technique: Proposal 44

B.7 Learning Objectives and Outcomes 45

B.8 Appendix-Algorithmic Sketches 46


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B.1 Research Field

Strips/Folding

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Strips and Foldings, especially strips have a great potential in being innovative and creative in forms. There are two ways

to look into strips, one is that they are generated from curves or lines, the oth-er is that they could be the residual of

carved or trimed surfaces. Strips could be twisted, ratated and bent to form either smooth curvy linworks or straight, rigid, liner and slendr lines. They could be el-

egant conceptually because of its freedom in shapes. However, it could be limited parctically for the complexity of it in

force analysis and strutural construction.


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Introduction

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B.2 Case Study 1.0 Biothing Pavilion

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B.2 Case Study 1.0 Biothing Pavilion Architectrual Studio AirBoyou Wu

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The pavilion is a self-modified pattern using the concept of electro-magnetic fields(EMF). The pattern of the pavilion express how the attraction and repulsion could affect the form of the pavilion. The pavilion response to the site very well. It is located into a steep hill and each of its different geometrical systems could be well aligned to the hill due to the influence from the attraction and repulsion of isolated point charges. The distribution of lighting, shading and programming of views are achieved through parametric designs. The overall building incorporated many aspects of digital design. For example, The micro dunning of floor was achieved through a complex at-tractor script operating between two sets of geometries1.

Introduction

1Repository of Computation Design, '///Seroussi Pacillion/Paris//2007', Biothing <http://www.biothing.org/?cat=5> [29 April 2016]

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B.2 Case Study 1.0 IterationsSpecie 1 Based on Pointcharge, changes are made by the change of graph types in graph mapper. Line work.

Specie 2 Based on Pointcharge, using spinforce, change caused by graph mapper. Solid

Specie 3 Based on Pointcharge. Change of the original shape of curves with spinforce. Solid.

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IterationsSpecie 1 Based on Pointcharge, changes are made by the change of graph types in graph mapper. Line work.

Specie 2 Based on Pointcharge, using spinforce, change caused by graph mapper. Solid

Specie 3 Based on Pointcharge. Change of the original shape of curves with spinforce. Solid.

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B.2 Case Study 1.0

Chosen four iterationsSelection Criteria:

1. The iteration could create a empty space for people to stay or a long space which is similar to corridors for people to walk

2. The intersections of strips have the potential to create voids or windows for people to have a view from inside out.

3. The iteration could be changed in depth and be able to create a differece in height

4. The iteration has the potential to provide good opennings for accesses into the structure

5. There is a potential in the iteration for fur-ther exploration of interesting connections.

Iterations

Specie 4 Based on Linecharge instead of Pointcharge. Original curves are polygons. Some of the iterations with spinforce. Solid.

Reason:

The project aims to educate people to pay attention to the water quality of Merri Creek.

A large space or corridor could provide a chance for the visitors to experience a jour-ney in experiencing or observing water.Strip intersections are also for the aim of creating views.It could be good to create a height differ-ence above and under water, so that there are more possiblities to explore how the dif-ferent level of water could be observed by people.

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Iterations

Specie 4 Based on Linecharge instead of Pointcharge. Original curves are polygons. Some of the iterations with spinforce. Solid.

1. This iteration has formed a good corridor na-trually with some easy large opennings. The dif-ference in height could be created by changing the base curves of the points for field lines.

Reason:

The project aims to educate people to pay attention to the water quality of Merri Creek.

A large space or corridor could provide a chance for the visitors to experience a jour-ney in experiencing or observing water.Strip intersections are also for the aim of creating views.It could be good to create a height differ-ence above and under water, so that there are more possiblities to explore how the dif-ferent level of water could be observed by people.

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B.2 Case Study 1.0 2. This iteration has created a closed tube space inside the structrue. The possible limitation to fur-ther explore may be the the opennings and the enclosed circle shape.There are a great number of repetitive elements that have the potential to expand in connections.

3. What is attractive for this iteration is the mild wavement in each of the point charge field. It could be used as a pave-ment above the water surface with those slender voids, people may have an access to the water when standing on the structure.What may need to be consider is how to make the whole structure floate above the water or how it could be supported.

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2. This iteration has created a closed tube space inside the structrue. The possible limitation to fur-ther explore may be the the opennings and the enclosed circle shape.There are a great number of repetitive elements that have the potential to expand in connections.

4. The advantages of this iteration is the large opening space inside the structure with some large voids on the surface. If people inside the struc-ture looking up through the voids. This may be suitable for a preoject inside the water so that people could look up and see through the voids into the water.This iteration could also be changed into a slender one by changingthe base curves.

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B.3 Case Study 2.0 ICD/IDKE Research Pavilion

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B.3 Case Study 2.0 ICD/IDKE Research Pavilion Architectrual Studio AirBoyou Wu

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The Research Pavilion is located in the campus of the University of Stuttgart. It has a structure of resem-bling a woven basket. The diameter of the project is 10 metres, with a 3.5 metre span. Part of the proj-ect stands on a concrete base. The design was gener-ated from the intention of exploring the elasticity of plywood. Experiments were taken before the design on the maximum bending extend of plywood sheet-ing and the stresses. The overall round shape of the pavilion is decided by the optimal performance of the potential of the material. The pieces of plywood are prefabricated by a CNC milling machine. Simple socket connections and bolts were used. There were 6500 lines of code for building this pavilion1. Finite element analysis(FEA) were used for the structural calculations. However,there are still more to research on the slack-ening of the innate tension of plywood when it starts aging.

Introduction

1Detail, 'Teaching by Doing: A Research Pavilion in Stuttgart', Website title (2010) <http://www.detail-online.com/article/teaching-by-doing-a-research-pavilion-in-stuttgart-14263/> [29 April 2016]

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B.3 Case Study 2.0 Reengineer process

1. The beginning of the process is to draw base cicular curves and the two different section curves of the structure.

2. Use planar frames to generate a number of vertical frames alongside the cicular curves.

4. Use partition list to remap datas in data trees and loft one group of the curves.

Curve Planar frames

Partition ListLoft

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Reengineer process

2. Use planar frames to generate a number of vertical frames alongside the cicular curves.

3. Orient the two section cureves on to all the planar curves.

5. Use shift list and partition list to loft the other group of curves.

Planar frames

Partition List

Shift List

Orient

Loft

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B.3 Case Study 2.0 Reengineer process

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Reengineer process

During the reverse-enginnering process, I acturally encountered a lot of problems. I find that there are more than one possible defini-tions. My first logic was to create a whole surface of the overall shape and then try to add control point on the surface in he con-nection point between strips and divide the surface and use parti-tion list and shift list to generate the difference shape between every other strip. However, I failed in trying to use the points on curve to control the shape of the strips.The reengineering now is the most similar one I could generate for this project. The similarity exeist in the connection points and how the bending force caused by notching influence the the curves of the strips.However, there are still differences, because that the original pa-vilion is not in regular circles and there was height difference in some part of the structure created as opennings for people to get access into the pavilion. This definition could be further developed by changing the base curves or using shift list to change the wire-frames of the strips. Chaning section curves and base curves could open the enclosed shape or being more creative than being highly symmetrical. I also found that the initial failing definition could create more possibilities in generating strips and foldings. Because that the new generated control points could bu definded by different expressions.

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B.4 Technique: Development Iterations

Specie 1. Set base curves and generate points on curve, then use the new generated points to create lofted surfaces

Basecurves could be changed from circles to polygons. The generated new points could be changed by using different expressions so that the new list of points could create new curves. Strips could be further developed into patterns of small geometrys on the surface using surface frames and orient component.

Specie 2. Arrange the base curve as slender frames and create tube-like or corridor-like general shapes.

The continuity of the strips could be changed in interpotate component and orient patterns on to the suraface could add more differences.

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Iterations

Specie 1. Set base curves and generate points on curve, then use the new generated points to create lofted surfaces

Basecurves could be changed from circles to polygons. The generated new points could be changed by using different expressions so that the new list of points could create new curves. Strips could be further developed into patterns of small geometrys on the surface using surface frames and orient component.

Specie 2. Arrange the base curve as slender frames and create tube-like or corridor-like general shapes.

The continuity of the strips could be changed in interpotate component and orient patterns on to the suraface could add more differences.

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B.4 Technique: Development Iterations

Specie 3. Using geodesic component to generate new lineworks. The changes inside the specie caused by the rotation, shape and radius of the initial curves

Specie 4. This specie is most similar to the reengineering process difinition. changing from the circular curve to other forms.

Specie 5. In this specie, linecharge fieldlines are usedThere problems in the generated iterations. Combining with linecharge component is more suitable for generating isolated strips. It is more sculptural than architectural.

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Iterations

Specie 3. Using geodesic component to generate new lineworks. The changes inside the specie caused by the rotation, shape and radius of the initial curves

Specie 4. This specie is most similar to the reengineering process difinition. changing from the circular curve to other forms.

There problems in the generated iterations. Combining with linecharge component is more suitable for generating isolated strips. It is more sculptural than architectural.

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Chosen four iterations

Selection Criteria:

1. The iteration could create a empty space for people to stay or a long space which is similar to corridors for people to walk2. The intersections of strips have the potential to create voids or windows for people to have a view from inside out.3. The iteration could be changed in depth and be able to create a differece in height4. The iteration has the potential to provide good opennings for accesses into the structure5. There is a potential in the iteration for further exploration of interesting connections.

B.4 Technique: Development

1. This iteration is tube-like with height differece. The inner space could be made narrow or wide to create interesting ex-perience.It has great potential in creating journey experence which is suitable for education and observation purpose.

3. This iteration looks very similar to the Research Pavilion. However it is creating large opennings and the regid base curves make the final ourcomes have the feature of folding linworks.

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Selection Criteria:

1. The iteration could create a empty space for people to stay or a long space which is similar to corridors for people to walk2. The intersections of strips have the potential to create voids or windows for people to have a view from inside out.3. The iteration could be changed in depth and be able to create a differece in height4. The iteration has the potential to provide good opennings for accesses into the structure5. There is a potential in the iteration for further exploration of interesting connections.


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2. This one created a enclosed space and with vertial large opennings in the middle level, which is beneficial for observation purpose. The enclosed shape could provide a 360degrees views of water if the project is set underneath the water.

3. This iteration looks very similar to the Research Pavilion. However it is creating large opennings and the regid base curves make the final ourcomes have the feature of folding linworks.

4.This is similar to the previous one. There is one limitation that the inner

space is too concentrated.

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B.4 Technique: Development

Trying out new outcomes. Strips could perform better in connections and there may be two types of strips that could be considered. One is the single skin(3rd one), the other is the one that is wrapped up all in strips. the Wrapped one may be more complex in structure but could produce more possibili-ties. In addition, if this iterations are futher pushed into long curvy shapes, the journey it could create will be more changable to attract people.

Further development of chosen ones:

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Trying out new outcomes. Strips could perform better in connections and there may be two types of strips that could be considered. One is the single skin(3rd one), the other is the one that is wrapped up all in strips. the Wrapped one may be more complex in structure but could produce more possibili-ties. In addition, if this iterations are futher pushed into long curvy shapes, the journey it could create will be more changable to attract people.

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B.5 Technique: Prototypes

The prototype 1.2.4. are made by hand, but the 2D drawings are shown above.These three types of connections mainly rely one bending force to aquire stable and to perform the curvy shapes. For my design, they are suitable for the flexibility of bending shapes.Notching together or using wires are helpful in keep the struction in el-egant curves naturally by providing tensioning forces. The best material for this should be timber or bamboo material which performs good in bending features. However, be-cause of the Criteria of the design project. The whole design is expected to be partly beneath the water. Therefore, there is a problem of errosion of timber materials.Prototype 3. and 5. are done by laser cut. The material tried was luan plywood. For prototype 3, what I expected was to perform like prototype 2. However, it comes out much harder than I expected. I double checked the material and find that it would only perform better in bending when the strips are long enough. But the fabricated pieced could still perform some type of patterns when they are notching in different angles for strutrues. Prototype 5 are designed to be bolted connected. It is a flexible joint so each smal pieces could rotate to form new patterns. Also, if the material for this is softer, it could also be bended three dimensionally, for the bolts could also provide some extend of tensions. the voids that the structure created are naturally windows for veiw. Prototype 3 and 5 could be metal or concrete if they need to be rigid.

Assemble diagrams

Fabrication layouts

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Selection Criteria:1. The iteration could create a empty space for people to stay or a long space which is similar to corridors for people to walk2. The intersections of strips have the potential to create voids or windows for people to have a view from inside out.3. The iteration could be changed in depth and be able to create a differece in height4. The iteration has the potential to provide good opennings for accesses into the structure5. There is a potential in the iteration for further exploration of interesting connections.

The prototype 1.2.4. are made by hand, but the 2D drawings are shown above.These three types of connections mainly rely one bending force to aquire stable and to perform the curvy shapes. For my design, they are suitable for the flexibility of bending shapes.Notching together or using wires are helpful in keep the struction in el-egant curves naturally by providing tensioning forces. The best material for this should be timber or bamboo material which performs good in bending features. However, be-cause of the Criteria of the design project. The whole design is expected to be partly beneath the water. Therefore, there is a problem of errosion of timber materials.Prototype 3. and 5. are done by laser cut. The material tried was luan plywood. For prototype 3, what I expected was to perform like prototype 2. However, it comes out much harder than I expected. I double checked the material and find that it would only perform better in bending when the strips are long enough. But the fabricated pieced could still perform some type of patterns when they are notching in different angles for strutrues. Prototype 5 are designed to be bolted connected. It is a flexible joint so each smal pieces could rotate to form new patterns. Also, if the material for this is softer, it could also be bended three dimensionally, for the bolts could also provide some extend of tensions. the voids that the structure created are naturally windows for veiw. Prototype 3 and 5 could be metal or concrete if they need to be rigid.

1.

2.3.

4.

5.

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B.6 Technique: Proposal

The initial design proposal for interim presentation is the one on the left. It was generated by recreate new points from a set of points in based curves. The reason that we came up with this was originaly because that this proposal emphasis a naturally change from a set of strips to smoothly slope srufaces which could naturally separate the structure into two parts. The upper part for above water, the underneath part inside the water for observing and feeling purpose. and the strips could well define spaces for observing. However, we found out later that the overall structure could not satisfy the brief, the limited length of it limite the possibility for the visitors to gain more experience. The strips here donot have much impor-tance in the overall performance. Thus, the second proposal on the right could be better. The curvey tubes could be streched along the riverside and touching in and out of the land to the water. Thus it could form a possible water journey through this type of structurs. The inner space could be nar-row down or set largely open according to the water levels of the different water quality of Merri Creek. Or the strips underneath may naturally form a wavy path to create an experience of being in the water. The possible drawbacks may be the material to use underwater and how the structural strips could connect with glass window strips for the underwater part to make the underwater part enclosed.

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B.7 Learning Objectives and OutcomesDuring Part B, I have developed my skills in grasshopper. What is more important is that I have become to under-stand the logical methods in computation in design. From my perspective, the parametric design helps me most is that the logic of generation new structures and fomrs em-phasis strongly on the relationship of formation between curves, lines, surfaces and solids. It pushed me to be more familiar with how a innovative outcome could be generated from very simple, regular and tiny things. For, example, in the reverse-engineering of Case 2, I found that differenet types of views in deconstructing the given project could re-sult in very diverse logics of difinitions that may perform compeletly different in their further generated iterations, which became a surprise for me.However, I have also found that it is so easy to go into a wrong track when too engaging in digital design. It should be noted that the softwares cannot do conceptural works, they are the tools that helps to generaten and further test and develope ideas. For instance, in the initial interim pro-posal, what we did was morel likely to be choosing a form in all generated iterations that satisfy the functions and briefs of the project. The better way of thinking, might be to develope in idea thinking first and to use the software to test, futher develope and to use the software to fufill the ideas in mind rather than to generate an idea.

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B.8 Appendix-Algorithmic Sketches

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Reference

http://www.biothing.org/?cat=5

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https://theverymany.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/mfornesphoto_2_ps_fornes_s.jpg

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http://www.biothing.org/?cat=5

http://payload.cargocollective.com/1/2/65604/803913/_0000_810.jpg

http://payload204.cargocollective.com/1/10/334406/6397224/EPFL_IN_SILICO_STRUCTURAL_GLASS_SLICING_OPACITY_06.jpg

https://theverymany.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/mfornesphoto_2_ps_fornes_s.jpg

http://www.arch2o.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Arch2o-Seroussi-Pavilion-Biothing-9.jpg

http://www.co-de-it.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Loop3_website-750x380.jpg

http://www.detail-online.com/article/teaching-by-doing-a-research-pavilion-in-stuttgart-14263/




http://www.detail-online.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads/images/projects/20121120032945c3561d7bbdb4a7204876937fbe13287f4775e4ca.jpg?560

http://www.detail-online.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads/images/projects/201211200329595de5a21ef0bf3bdc2d04b6b16eb1773e40f17818.jpg?560

http://www.suckerpunchdaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/biothing-b.jpg

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-keB7exr9I78/Ta-qubxB3lI/AAAAAAAAAhg/W61W7MvNlH4/s1600/Hatz%2BParadise%2BDrive%2B01.jpg


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Journal combined

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Transcript of Journal combined