JORDI CORTINA - 5.medforestweek.org · JORDI CORTINA UNIVERSITY ALICANTE SOCIETY ECOLOGICAL ......
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Agadir, Morocco March 20 th – 24 th , 2017 State of the art of ecological restoration in the Mediterranean (challenges and opportunities) JORDI CORTINA UNIVERSITY ALICANTE SOCIETY ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION EUROPE
Transcript of JORDI CORTINA - 5.medforestweek.org · JORDI CORTINA UNIVERSITY ALICANTE SOCIETY ECOLOGICAL ......
Agadir, Morocco
March 20th – 24th, 2017
State of the art of ecological restoration in the Mediterranean
(challenges and opportunities)
JORDI CORTINA
UNIVERSITY ALICANTE
SOCIETY ECOLOGICAL
RESTORATION EUROPE
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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING
M. Balsalobre
Sierra Espuña Regional Park, Murcia, SE Spain
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4.6 MHa 1.7 MHa
MAGRAMA (2005)
FOREST PLANTATIONS SPAIN 1940-2005
YEAR
Algeria Green Belt (1970-2000) – 122.680 ha (Bensaid, 2003)
Forest and pastoral plantations PNDAR Algeria (2000-2007) –
390.900 ha (Terramed, 2009)
Tunisia PN Reboisement (1990-2000) + PN Investissement dans
le Secteur Forestier (2000-2011) – 885.000 ha (Larbi Chakroune,
2003)
Morocco 20th century – 508.000 ha (Sabir, 2003)
Total afforested/reforested Magreb – 2,000.000 ha (Le Houérou,
2000)
LONG HISTORY OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
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www.leonoticias.com
Palaciosmil (León), NE SpainOrihuela (Alicante), SE Spain
RESTORING THE RESTORED AREAS
High fuel accumulation Vulnerability to drought
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• LIMITED ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE
• DEFICIENT INVESTMENT IN POST-PLANTATION MANAGEMENT
• UNEXPECTED CHANGES (CLIMATE CHANGE, EUTROPHICATION)
WHAT WENT WRONG?
• ALLOCATE FUNDS FOR EVALUATION AND MONITORING
• DIFFUSE AND USE THIS INFORMATION- ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT
• IMPLEMENT PROJECTS AT ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL TIME SCALES
HOW TO AVOID PAST MISTAKES
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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING
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Spanish strategy Green Infrastructure, Connectivity and Ecological Restoration
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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Include ER in National Program for Rural Development (European AgriculturalFund for Rural Development)
Use European Regional Development Funds (2014-2020) for ER.
Use resources allocated to adaptation to climate change (Plan PIMA Adapta andlater), and other lines of funding at the State level.
Conditioned funding for projects from the Automous Regions fitting this strategyand following good practices.
Spanish strategy Green Infrastructure, Connectivity and Ecological Restoration
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Superficie: 186 km2
Longueur: 21 km
Altitude: 0 – 1750 m
Relief: Accidenté
Climat: Semi-aride
Méditerranéen
P°: 298 mm
T°: 17,6 °C
BÉNI BOUFRAH VALLEY, RIF, N MOROCCO
DERAK, M. (2017). Analyse multicritère des services écosystémiques et restauration participative des forêts. Cas du Bassin de Béni Boufrah, Nord du Maroc. U. Tetouan
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Aleppo pine plantations, B Boufrah, Morocco
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Society acceptance?
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Shrublands
Pine plantations Cactus
Crops
Arar
Landscape units, B Boufrah, Morocco
M. Derak, 2017
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Tetraclinis
Cactus
Crops
Afforestation
Shrublands
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35
Dir
ect
ran
kin
g s
co
re
MCA score
Scientists and Managers
Tetraclinis
Cactus
Crops
AfforestationShrublands
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35
Dir
ect
ran
kin
g s
co
re
MCA score
Direct users
Integrated participative evaluation of ESS
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a
b bc
d
0,000
0,050
0,100
0,150
0,200
0,250
Tetraclinis Cactus Crops Afforestation Shrublands
Ove
rall
sco
re
χ2=181.16; N=67; p<0.0001
Integrated participative evaluation of ESS
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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley
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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley
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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley
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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley
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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley
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Fondó NP, Elx, SE Spain, Agricultural Reservoir
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Sand dunes in Catalonia, NE Spain
J. Lascurain SGM S.L.
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Sand dunes in Catalonia, NE Spain
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TOURIST & BUILDING INDUSTRIES
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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING
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PINE PLANTATIONS?
WETLANDS?
CROPLANDS?METRICS?
COST-BENEFIT?
NATURE-SOCIETY?
ACTIVE-PASSIVE?
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• Province of Alicante, SE Spain
• High risk of desertification and flooding
• Dry sub-humid to semiarid
• 225,000 Ha
TERECOVA – Tools for integrating ecological restorationinto land planning in the Region of Valencia, Spain
Map priority areasfor restoration
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Ownership
Protection status
Flood risk
Connectivity...
STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM
IDENTIFICATION-WEIGHT CRITERIA
GIS CRITERIA
PRIORITY MAP
IDENTIFICATION-WEIGHT ESS
SOCIO-ECO SCENARIOS
RESTORATION SCENARIOS
GIS ESS
PRIORITY AREAS WHERE COST-BENEFIT MINIMIZES
VALUATION, TRANSFER, DIFFUSION
INTEGRATING PEOPLE VALUES AND ASPIRATIONS
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NATURAL AREAS• Wetlands
• Coastal areas
• Shrublands and steppes
• Forest in dry sub-humid areas
• Forest in semi-arid areas
• North facing slopes
• Dead pine plantations
HIGHLY ANTHROPIC AREAS• Rainfed crops
• Irrigated crops
• Quarries
• Dumping sites and debris
• Rivers
FUNCTIONS AND RISKS• Erosion and desertification
• Carbon fixation
• Water retention and storage
• Salinization
• Water pollution
• Wildfires
• Flooding
• Invasive species
PRIORITIZATION CRITERIA
LANDSCAPE FEATURES
• Corridors
• Periurban areas
• Protected areas
• Vicinity of protected areas
• Areas with rare, endemic, threatenen flora, fauna
• Traffic infrastructures
SOCIO-ECONOMIC• Unemployed and vulnerable communities
• Vicinity of residencial áreas
• Touristic areas
• Areas with touristic potential
• Public areas
• Recreation areas
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• Sand dune fixation
• Carbon fixation
• Flood control
• Erosion control
• Increased soil fertility
• Improved water quality
• Pest control
• Fuel breaks
• Climate regulation
• Fauna
• Corridors
• Biomass accumulation
• Birdwatching
• Hunting
• Fishing
• Fish farms
• Minerals, salt
• Aromatic medicinal plants
• Fruits
• Agri production• Snails• Honey• Grazing• Aquifer recharge
• Surface water collection
• Landscape aesthetics
• Leisure activities
• Cultural heritage, identity
• Residential tourism
• Conventional tourism
• Ecotourism
• Sports
• Employment
• Environmental education
• Research
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
PROVISION SOCIAL-CULTURAL OTHER
EXPLORATORY MODELHigh to Very High Priority: 13.687 Ha
Economic cost of restoring
Increase integrated provision of ESS
PRIORITY AREAS WITH LOWER COST:BENEFIT
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SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
Environmental management which aims at protectingbiodiversity, increase the provision of ecosystem servicesand contribute to human welfare.
STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN (challenges and opportunities)
1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING
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WELCOME TO
ICELAND 2018 9TH-13TH SEPTEMBER (SERE2018.ORG)
Soil Conservation Service of Iceland Agricultural University of Iceland UNU – Land Restoration Training Programme
TERECOVA – Tools for integrating ecological restoration intoland planning in the Region of Valencia (CGL2014-52714-C2-1-R)
THANK YOU!!
deandar.com
Batlle i Roig, +2001Barcelona Dumping site Vall de Joan, Garraf, Spain
Racó de Tudela Culip, Club Méditerranée, Girona, Spain- Estudi Martí Franch, +2005
