JONA Educationfor Administration - University of Memphis · Quality of Nursing Leadership, ......
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Copyright @ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. JONA Volume 38, Number 2, pp 64-67 Copyright B 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Executive Master of Science in Nursing Program Incorporating the 14 Forces of Magnetism Joan Thomas, PhD, APRN, CS Donna Herrin, MSN, RN, CNAA, FACHE This is the second in a 3-part series describing an executive master of science in nursing program. Part 1 described program development built on the American Organiza- tion of Nurse Executive’s compe- tencies and distinctive features of the students’ online and on-site learning experiences. This article presents how the 14 Forces of Magnetism are integrated across the curriculum and the unique criteria for program admission. Finally, part 3 will describe use of the Robert Wood Johnson Executive Nurse Fellows Pro- gram as the model for scholarly activity and the use of Benner’s Novice to Expert theory for pro- gram evaluation. When U.S. News & World Re- port publishes its showcase of America’s best hospitals, designa- tion as an American Nurses Cre- dentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet organization contributes to ratings of excellence. The America’s Best Hospitals list has an elite division known as the honor roll, and in 2006, 8 of the top 10 hospitals listed on the honor roll were ANCC Magnet designated. 1,2 There is increasing evidence that Magnet-designated organiza- tions have improved outcomes in a number of indicators, including nurse recruitment and retention, patient satisfaction, and patient clinical conditions. 3 Furthermore, Magnet-designated facilities dem- onstrate marketplace advantages such as increasing the public con- fidence in the overall quality of the healthcare organization, at- tracting the highest-quality nurses and physicians, and increasing market share because of increased use by patients and insurance plans. Other noted benefits of Magnet status include an en- hanced culture of empowerment, respect, and integrity for all em- ployees; expanding collaborative relationships among staff; and in- creased employee morale by rec- ognizing the excellence of the nursing program and the individ- ual nurses. 4 Because Magnet-designated organizations base practices on the 14 Forces of Magnetism (the Forces), it can be assumed that senior nurse leaders who fully un- derstand the Forces, incorporate the use of the Forces into personal leadership practices, and lead others to use them will create im- proved practice settings and pro- grams for patient care delivery. However, use of the Forces as cur- ricular building blocks for graduate nurse executive education has not been reported. The Loewenberg School of Nursing, University of Memphis, was granted specific op- portunity to redesign the former nursing administration program through funding and partnership with the Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare system. The collabora- tive efforts of both nurse executives in practice and nurses in academe resulted in the new executive master of science in nursing (MSN) pro- gram, with a key foundational com- ponent being the integration of the 64 JONA Vol. 38, No. 2 February 2008 Education for Administration Authors’ Affiliations: Assistant Profes- sor (Dr Thomas), Loewenberg School of Nursing, University of Memphis, Tennes- see; Senior Vice President and Chief Nurse Officer, Methodist Healthcare, Memphis, Tennessee, and Clinical Associate Professor, The University of Alabama, Huntsville (Ms Herrin). Corresponding author: Dr Thomas, Loewenberg School of Nursing, University of Memphis, 610 Goodman Street, Mem- phis, TN 38152 ([email protected]).
Transcript of JONA Educationfor Administration - University of Memphis · Quality of Nursing Leadership, ......
Copyright @ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
JONAVolume 38, Number 2, pp 64-67Copyright B 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health |Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Executive Master ofScience in Nursing ProgramIncorporating the 14 Forces of Magnetism
Joan Thomas, PhD, APRN, CSDonna Herrin, MSN, RN, CNAA, FACHE
This is the second in a 3-part seriesdescribing an executive master ofscience in nursing program. Part 1described program developmentbuilt on the American Organiza-tion of Nurse Executive’s compe-tencies and distinctive features ofthe students’ online and on-sitelearning experiences. This articlepresents how the 14 Forces ofMagnetism are integrated acrossthe curriculum and the uniquecriteria for program admission.Finally, part 3 will describe useof the Robert Wood JohnsonExecutive Nurse Fellows Pro-gram as the model for scholarlyactivity and the use of Benner’sNovice to Expert theory for pro-gram evaluation.
When U.S. News & World Re-port publishes its showcase ofAmerica’s best hospitals, designa-tion as an American Nurses Cre-dentialing Center (ANCC) Magnetorganization contributes to ratingsof excellence. The America’s BestHospitals list has an elite divisionknown as the honor roll, and in2006, 8 of the top 10 hospitalslisted on the honor roll wereANCC Magnet designated.1,2
There is increasing evidencethat Magnet-designated organiza-tions have improved outcomes in anumber of indicators, includingnurse recruitment and retention,patient satisfaction, and patientclinical conditions.3 Furthermore,Magnet-designated facilities dem-onstrate marketplace advantagessuch as increasing the public con-fidence in the overall quality ofthe healthcare organization, at-tracting the highest-quality nursesand physicians, and increasingmarket share because of increaseduse by patients and insuranceplans. Other noted benefits ofMagnet status include an en-hanced culture of empowerment,respect, and integrity for all em-ployees; expanding collaborative
relationships among staff; and in-creased employee morale by rec-ognizing the excellence of thenursing program and the individ-ual nurses.4
Because Magnet-designatedorganizations base practices on the14 Forces of Magnetism (theForces), it can be assumed thatsenior nurse leaders who fully un-derstand the Forces, incorporatethe use of the Forces into personalleadership practices, and leadothers to use them will create im-proved practice settings and pro-grams for patient care delivery.However, use of the Forces as cur-ricular building blocks for graduatenurse executive education has notbeen reported. The LoewenbergSchool of Nursing, University ofMemphis, was granted specific op-portunity to redesign the formernursing administration programthrough funding and partnershipwith the Methodist Le BonheurHealthcare system. The collabora-tive efforts of both nurse executivesin practice and nurses in academeresulted in the new executive masterof science in nursing (MSN) pro-gram, with a key foundational com-ponent being the integration of the
64 JONA � Vol. 38, No. 2 � February 2008
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Authors’ Affiliations: Assistant Profes-sor (Dr Thomas), Loewenberg School ofNursing, University of Memphis, Tennes-see; Senior Vice President and Chief NurseOfficer, Methodist Healthcare, Memphis,Tennessee, and Clinical Associate Professor,The University of Alabama, Huntsville(Ms Herrin).
Corresponding author: Dr Thomas,Loewenberg School of Nursing, Universityof Memphis, 610 Goodman Street, Mem-phis, TN 38152 ([email protected]).
Copyright @ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
Forces across the curriculum.Figure 1 outlines an abbreviated ver-sion of the Forces as described byMcClure and Hinshaw in 2002.3,5
Integration of the Forces ofMagnetism Into the ExecutiveMSN CurriculumStudents are immersed into thesignificance of the Forces in theinitial opening of the executiveMSN program. The first coursecontent is a synopsis of the Mag-net Recognition Program, in-cluding the American NursesAssociation’s Scope and Stan-dards for Nurse Administrators(2nd ed),6 a general overview of
the 14 Forces, the 8 Essentials ofMagnetism, and the evidence basefor superior outcomes associatedwith Magnet organizations.
Each course in the curricu-lum provides an in-depth exami-nation of each of the Forces.However, Force 1, the Qualityof Nursing Leadership, serves asthe major curricular domainthread driving the executiveMSN program. Table 1 illus-trates how each of the Forces isintegrated into the executiveMSN curriculum along with theAmerican Organization of NurseExecutives’ (AONE) competen-cies. The exception to this struc-
ture is the accounting and financecourses taught by nonnursing Uni-versity of Memphis accountancyand health administration faculty.For further information aboutthe AONE Nurse Executive Com-petencies, see the previous articleand the resource center section ofthe AONE Web site.7
The curriculum was devel-oped collaboratively with nurseleaders possessing expert knowl-edge of the Magnet RecognitionProgram. Several employees ofboth the practice partner and theschool of nursing serve as ANCCMagnet Program appraisers. In ad-dition to the Magnet appraisers’
Figure 1. The 14 Forces of Magnetism (abbreviated).
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curricular contributions, duringthe on-site executive developmentexperiences, students are pro-vided opportunities for dialogueexchange and learning experi-ences with Magnet appraisersand a Magnet commissioner whoresides locally.
It is anticipated that, currently,Magnet-designated healthcare orga-nizations or those that are Magnet-aspiring will find such a graduateprogram advantageous because ofthe strong curriculum focus on theForces. Given the strong focus onthe major curricular domain thread,Quality of Nursing Leadership,healthcare organizations that are
not Magnet-aspiring will find thatstudents still benefit from the de-fined structure and focus on ex-cellence in nursing leadership.
Unique Admission CriteriaNursing leaders and aspiringleaders will find the approachto admission criteria for the de-scribed executive MSN programunique and innovative. Health-care organizations select or spon-sor registered nurse (RN) leaderswho demonstrate high potential/high performer capability withprobable career tracks in seniorleadership. The RNs must havea minimum of 2 years of middle-
management experience and abaccalaureate degree from anaccredited college or institution.Those holding a baccalaureatein nursing are admitted directly,whereas RNs with a baccalau-reate in another field completea bridge program before enter-ing the executive MSN program.Transcripts, resumes, and applicant-written letters of interest are con-sidered and hold significantweight. Employer-sponsors of theRN leaders also submit a letterdescribing the reasons why theorganizations view the applicantsas possessing high potential/highperformer attributes.
Table 1. Integration of Nurse Executive Competencies and 14 Forces of Magnetism Into Curriculum
Semester Course TitleAONE Nurse Executive Competencies
and 14 Forces of Magnetism
Fall Developing Organizational Leadership (3 h) AONE Competency: LeadershipForce 1: Quality of Nursing LeadershipForce 3: Management Style
Communication and Relationship Building (3 h) AONE Competency: Communication and Relationship BuildingForce 11: Nurses as TeachersForce 13: Interdisciplinary Relationships
Spring Accountability, Advocacy and Ethics (3 h) AONE Competency: ProfessionalismForce 8: Consultation and ResourcesForce 9: AutonomyForce 14: Professional Development
Health Policy (3 h) AONE Competency: Knowledge of the Healthcare Environment IForce 10: Community and Healthcare Organization
Summer Fundamentals of Accounting (3 h)Accounting for Decision Making (3 h)
Fall Financial and Human Resources forPatient Care (3 h)
AONE Competency: Business Skills I
Force 4: Personnel Policies and ProgramsImproving Patient Care Delivery (3 h) AONE Competency: Knowledge of the Healthcare Environment I
Force 2: Organizational StructureForce 5: Professional Models of Care
Spring Marketing, Strategic, and InformationManagement (3 h)
AONE Competency: Business Skills II
Force 12: Image of NursingEvidence-Based Management Practices (3 h) AONE Competency: Knowledge of the Healthcare Environment II
Force 6: Quality of CareForce 7: Quality Improvement
Summer Nurse Executive Practicum (4 h) The application of the 14 Forces of Magnetism and the AONENurse Executive Competencies are demonstrated during theNurse Executive Practicum and the Scholarly synthesis course.
Scholarly Synthesis (3 h)Total hours 37
Abbreviation: AONE, American Organization of Nurse Executives.
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Registered nurses not spon-sored by a healthcare organiza-tion submit a dossier and resumethat validate possession of highpotential/high performer ability.These RN applicants also provide3 professional letters of referencefrom former employers outliningsupport for the applicant as hold-ing high potential/high performercharacteristics with strong poten-tial for executive leadership.
SummaryIn 2002, Margretta Styles wrotethat Bit is my personal convictionand testimony that the FMagnetMovement_ in all of its manifesta-tions and nuances offers the great-est hope for the future of nursingand healthcare organizations.[3(pxii)
The executive MSN program em-
braces the Forces as a cornerstoneof the BMagnet Movement.[ Thecomplexities of today’s healthcareenvironment require nurse execu-tives with multifaceted skills inhuman relations, strategic manage-ment, business, technology, finance,marketing, and improving patientoutcomes. Such programs that inte-grate both ANCC Forces of Mag-netism and AONE Nurse ExecutiveCompetencies into executive lead-ership curriculum hold greatpromise for the development offuture nurse executive leaders withneeded multiple skill capacity.
REFERENCES
1. McFarlane E, Murphy J, Olmsted MG,
Drozd EM, Hill C. America’s best
hospitals 2006 methodology. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-
hospitals/methodology_report.pdf.
Accessed May 13, 2007.2. American Nurses Credentialing Center.
List of all Magnet-designated facilities.http://www.nursecredentialing.org/
ANCC/magnet/getall.cfm. Accessed
May 14, 2007.3. McClure M, Hinshaw AS, eds. Magnet
HospitalsRevisited:Attraction andReten-tion of Professional Nurses. Washington,DC: American Nurses Publishing; 2002.
4. American Nurses Credentialing Center.Overview of the ANCC Magnet Rec-ognition Program. Silver Spring, MD:
Author; 2007.5. Nurse Week. The 14 Forces of Magnet-
ism. http://www.nurseweek.com/news/
features/02-10/magnetism.asp. AccessedMay 22, 2007.
6. American Nurses Association. Scopeand Standards for Nurse Administra-tors. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Ameri-
can Nurses Publishing; 2004.7. American Organization of Nurse Exec-
utives. AONE nurse executive compe-
tencies. http//www.aone.org. AccessedApril 29, 2007.
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