John SteinbeckJohn Steinbeck

A Great American WriterA Great American Writer

BiographyBiography

Born 1902 Salinas, California Born 1902 Salinas, California Died 1968 NYC Died 1968 NYC Mother - teacher Mother - teacher Went to Stanford no degree Went to Stanford no degree Married 3 times...son Tom Married 3 times...son Tom (1944) John IV son (1946) (1944) John IV son (1946) Awarded 1962 Nobel Prize Awarded 1962 Nobel Prize Awarded US Medal of Awarded US Medal of Freedom by President Freedom by President Johnson 1964Johnson 1964Issued…1979 stampIssued…1979 stamp

Biography Continued…Biography Continued…

1st 3 books financial 1st 3 books financial failures...took on odd failures...took on odd jobs...found out feelings jobs...found out feelings of working people of working people 1935 1935 Tortilla Flat Tortilla Flat brought brought him recognition him recognition 1937 1937 Of Mice and Of Mice and Men...best Men...best seller...book of seller...book of the month...respected the month...respected author author 1939 1939 The Grapes of The Grapes of WrathWrath...Pulitzer ...Pulitzer

His WorksHis Works

– Show compassion for the lonely Show compassion for the lonely – Probe and question American values Probe and question American values – Discuss human capacity to overcome evil Discuss human capacity to overcome evil

Travels with CharlieTravels with Charlie subtitle subtitle In Search of In Search of

America America

Published in 1962Published in 1962

Lost touch with his country and its people Lost touch with his country and its people

Decided to reestablish ties by driving west Decided to reestablish ties by driving west

Travelled Maine to California along northern Travelled Maine to California along northern route. ..return along the southern routeroute. ..return along the southern route

List of All NovelsList of All NovelsCup of Gold (1929) To A God Unknown (1933) Tortilla Flat (1935) In Dubious Battle (1936) Of Mice and Men (1937) Red Pony, the (1937) Grapes of Wrath, the (1939) Moon Is Down, the (1942) Cannery Row (1945) Wayward Bus, the (1947) Pearl, the (1948) Burning Bright (1950) East of Eden (1952) Sweet Thursday (1954) Short Reign of Pippin IV, the (1957) Winter of Our Discontent, the (1961) Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights, the (1976)

List of MoviesList of Movies1939—1939—Of Mice and

1940—1940—The Grapes of

1941—1941—The Forgotten

1942—1942—Tortilla

1943—1943—The Moon is DownThe Moon is Down

1944—1944—A Medal for

1947—1947—La Perla ( (The PearlThe Pearl, Mexico), Mexico)

1949—1949—The Red

1952—1952—Viva ZapataViva Zapata

1955—1955—East of EdenEast of Eden

1956—1956—The Wayward BusThe Wayward Bus

1961—1961—FlightFlight

1962—1962—Ikimize bir dünyaIkimize bir dünya ( (Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men, Turkey), Turkey)

1972—1972—TopoliTopoli ( (Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men, Iran), Iran)

1982—1982—Cannery RowCannery Row

1992—1992—Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men—directed by Gary Sinise and starring John Malkovich and Gary —directed by Gary Sinise and starring John Malkovich and Gary SiniseSinise

The Great DepressionThe Great DepressionCausesCauses

Farm failures…producing large numbers…prices Farm failures…producing large numbers…prices fell 40%...forced off land because loan paymentsfell 40%...forced off land because loan paymentsBank failures…more than 550 banks closed Bank failures…more than 550 banks closed because loss of farm jobs and lower pricesbecause loss of farm jobs and lower pricesLower wages…factory workers…competition of Lower wages…factory workers…competition of people moving north…cut in personnelpeople moving north…cut in personnelStock market boom to crash…buying stocks on Stock market boom to crash…buying stocks on margin (people borrowed money to buy stocks margin (people borrowed money to buy stocks hoping to sell at profit)hoping to sell at profit)Black Thursday (Oct. 24) followed by Black Black Thursday (Oct. 24) followed by Black Tuesday (Oct.29)…stocks became worthlessTuesday (Oct.29)…stocks became worthless

The Great DepressionThe Great DepressionEffectsEffects

Savings lostSavings lostUnemployment...13 million could not find jobs…25% of Unemployment...13 million could not find jobs…25% of workforce…some accepted salary cutsworkforce…some accepted salary cutsHomelessnessHomelessnessStarvationStarvationHopelessness…riding the rails…many young males left Hopelessness…riding the rails…many young males left the home and rode freight trains to other areas to the home and rode freight trains to other areas to hopefully find work…wandering (hoboes)hopefully find work…wandering (hoboes)Hoovervilles (neighborhoods of broken down shacks)…Hoovervilles (neighborhoods of broken down shacks)…people lost homes…people moved in w/relativespeople lost homes…people moved in w/relativesBread lines…churches and charities set up soup Bread lines…churches and charities set up soup kitchenskitchens

The Great DepressionThe Great DepressionEffectsEffects

Schools different…taxes…hired fewer Schools different…taxes…hired fewer teachers…some classes 50 kids…no textbooks teachers…some classes 50 kids…no textbooks or supplies…no nurses even though kids sick or supplies…no nurses even though kids sick b/c of conditionsb/c of conditions– Kids could not afford to go to school…either care for Kids could not afford to go to school…either care for

kids at home or workkids at home or work– Time frame changed…shorter yearTime frame changed…shorter year

New DealNew Deal– CCC (Civilian Conservation Corp.) WPA (Works CCC (Civilian Conservation Corp.) WPA (Works

Progress Administration), FDIC (Federal Deposit Progress Administration), FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, bank holidays, SEC Insurance Corporation, bank holidays, SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)(Securities and Exchange Commission)

History of the Migrant WorkerHistory of the Migrant Worker

Economical and ecological forces brought rural Economical and ecological forces brought rural and poor migrant worker from Great Plains to and poor migrant worker from Great Plains to CaliforniaCaliforniaAfter WWI recession led to drop in the market After WWI recession led to drop in the market price of farm cropsprice of farm cropsSo people had to produce more So people had to produce more To meet demand farmers brought more land and To meet demand farmers brought more land and invested in equipment but that led to debtinvested in equipment but that led to debtStock market crashed in 1929, and banks Stock market crashed in 1929, and banks foreclosed on mortgagesforeclosed on mortgages

History of the Migrant WorkerHistory of the Migrant Worker

Farmers lost property and forced to find other Farmers lost property and forced to find other workwork

Increase in farming caused soil to erodeIncrease in farming caused soil to erode

Erosion and drought was bad for 17 years (1931 Erosion and drought was bad for 17 years (1931 started)…. led to the dust bowlstarted)…. led to the dust bowl

Left and went to California…The Promised land Left and went to California…The Promised land

Migrant workers called Oakies…20 % from Migrant workers called Oakies…20 % from OklahomaOklahoma

Farming was truly a tough lifeFarming was truly a tough life

The Dust BowlThe Dust Bowl

Great PlainsGreat Plains1931-1937…brutal drought…virtually no rain1931-1937…brutal drought…virtually no rainInsect invasion…swarms of grasshoppers eating Insect invasion…swarms of grasshoppers eating everything in their patheverything in their pathWinds…black blizzards…dust seeped into every crack…Winds…black blizzards…dust seeped into every crack…doors and windows…breathing difficult…wind stripped doors and windows…breathing difficult…wind stripped away top soil…blew all the way to the Atlantic…ships away top soil…blew all the way to the Atlantic…ships covered w/it…had to shovel itcovered w/it…had to shovel itMoved to other areas…jalopies…camped along the wayMoved to other areas…jalopies…camped along the wayCalifornia…promise landCalifornia…promise land

The Dust BowlThe Dust Bowl

The Dust BowlThe Dust Bowl

Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men

Published Published

Original title… Original title… Something that HappenedSomething that Happened

Made into movies…1939 and 1992Made into movies…1939 and 1992

CharactersCharacters

GeorgeGeorgeLennieLennieCurleyCurleyCurley’s WifeCurley’s WifeSlimSlimCandyCandy CrooksCrooksCarlsonCarlsonThe BossThe Boss

SettingSetting

Salinas Valley Area in California (thought Salinas Valley Area in California (thought to be the Garden of Eden)to be the Garden of Eden)

Soledad…lonelinessSoledad…loneliness

Grips of the Depression…1930’sGrips of the Depression…1930’s

Ranch…is a microcosm of a world of Ranch…is a microcosm of a world of uneducated lower class people who are uneducated lower class people who are trying with little success to change their trying with little success to change their liveslives

Title ReferenceTitle Reference

It is an allusion to Robert Burns’ poem, “To It is an allusion to Robert Burns’ poem, “To a Mouse”a Mouse”

1785 poem written1785 poem written

““The best laid schemes o’ mice an’ The best laid schemes o’ mice an’ men/Gang aft a’ gley”men/Gang aft a’ gley”

The best laid plans of mice and men often The best laid plans of mice and men often go astraygo astray

SymbolsSymbols

Names…Small, Candy, Crooks, SoledadNames…Small, Candy, Crooks, Soledad

RabbitsRabbits– What they are striving forWhat they are striving for– HopesHopes

Form and StructureForm and Structure

Allegory…story with an underlying Allegory…story with an underlying message…the good life is impossiblemessage…the good life is impossible

Realistic….slice of lifeRealistic….slice of life

Naturalistic…environment of the timeNaturalistic…environment of the time

CircularCircular– 3 days3 days– 3 days of suffering3 days of suffering

Exhibits at National Steinbeck Exhibits at National Steinbeck CenterCenter

Culture of 1930’s

PeoplePeople– Amelia Earhart…1st woman to fly solo across AtlanticAmelia Earhart…1st woman to fly solo across Atlantic– Jessie Owens…African American athlete...4 gold medals in track Jessie Owens…African American athlete...4 gold medals in track

and field 1936…Olympics Berlinand field 1936…Olympics Berlin

ArtArt– Mt. Rushmore completed by Gutzon BorglumMt. Rushmore completed by Gutzon Borglum– Jason Pollock artistJason Pollock artist– Empire State Building, Chrysler Building, Rockefeller CenterEmpire State Building, Chrysler Building, Rockefeller Center

EducationEducation– School terms shortened because depression led to short money School terms shortened because depression led to short money

supply-taxessupply-taxes– Dick and Jane booksDick and Jane books

Culture continued…

Fashion and FadsFashion and Fads– Hobby…stamp collectingHobby…stamp collecting– Monopoly…20, 000 sets sold in a week in 1935Monopoly…20, 000 sets sold in a week in 1935– Lou Gehrig and Joe DiMaggioLou Gehrig and Joe DiMaggio– Zipper used in clothesZipper used in clothes

LiteratureLiterature– WritersWriters

F. Scott FitzgeraldF. Scott FitzgeraldHemingwayHemingwaySteinbeckSteinbeckWilderWilder

MusicMusic– Duke EllingtonDuke Ellington– Benny GoodmanBenny Goodman– Glenn MillerGlenn Miller– 1931 1931 Star Spangled BannerStar Spangled Banner

Culture continued…

RadioRadio– 80% people owned one by 193980% people owned one by 1939– Jack Benny Show…Lone RangerJack Benny Show…Lone Ranger…soap operas……soap operas…The ShadowThe Shadow

Science/TechnologyScience/Technology– NY World’s Fair 1939 World of TomorrowNY World’s Fair 1939 World of Tomorrow– Einstein immigrated to US in 1933 professor at PrincetonEinstein immigrated to US in 1933 professor at Princeton– Better refrigerationBetter refrigeration– Nylon madeNylon made– 1938 photocopying started1938 photocopying started

Theater and FilmTheater and Film– Hollywood flourishedHollywood flourished– Clark Gable…Bette Davis…Shirley TempleClark Gable…Bette Davis…Shirley Temple– Gone with the WindGone with the Wind