Jit Microprocessor

8/3/2019 Jit Microprocessor

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Microprocessor

Presentedby

Jit Saha

1st Year M.Tech CSE

4/28/2012 Jit saha-KGEC 1


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Content

1. What is microprocessor

2. Analogy between microprocessor and human

brain3. Microprocessor building block

4. Microprocessor control signal

5. Instruction set6. Factors influencing microprocessorsperformance



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Content-contd

7. key architectural trends in microprocessor

8. Microprocessor generation9. Indian microprocessor in future

10.Application of microprocessor

11. Reference



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1.What is microprocessor

Multipurpose ,programmable, clock driven

Reads binary instruction from a storage device Binary data as i/p and process data according

to instruction

Made up from a semiconductor, Silicon

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2.Analogy between microprocessor

and human brain

Way of getting input

Processing of information sending processed information.

Speed or efficiency


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Registers

Registers

3.Microprocessor building block

Instruction

Cache

Arithmetic

& LogicUnit

Control

UnitBus

Interface

Unit

DataCache

Instruction

Decoder

I/O

RAM

Memory

Bus

System

Bus

FloatingPoint

Unit


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Bus Interface Unit

Receives instructions & data from mainmemory

Sending instruction to the instruction cache, &data to the data cache

Receives the processed data and sends it to themain memory


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Instruction Decoder

Receives the instructions from instruction

register

Decodes them into a form ,understandable by

the processing units

It passes on the decoded instruction to the

control unit


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Arithmetic & Logic Unit (ALU)

Works with integer number

Performs arithmetic and logical operation

Modern uPs have two almost identical ALUs


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Floating-Point Unit (FPU)

known as the Numeric Unit

Support 32 to 64 bit floating point operation

Required for doing graphics, engineering andscientific work


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Registers

Made of collection of flip-flop

used for temporary storage

Two types User visible register

Control and status register


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Registers-contd

User visible registers

General purpose

Address

Condition codes

Control & status register

Program counter

Instruction register Memory address register

Memory buffer register


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Control Unit

The brain of the microprocessor

Manages the whole microprocessor

Tasks include fetching instructions & data,

storing data, managing input/output devices


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4.Microprocessor control signal


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5.Instruction Set

Microprocessor execute itby the language itknows

Low-level, simple instructions

Each uP family has its unique instruction set


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6.Factors influencing microprocessors

performance

clock frequency

word-width caching algorithm and the right cache size

functional units

architecture


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7.Key Architectural Trends

Technology enhancements

Faster transistors

More transistors (Moores Law)

architectural directions

Memory hierarchies

Instruction level parallelism


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Key Architectural Trends-contd

Introducing cache memory

Increasing cache size

Introducing Multilevel caches(L1,L2,L3)

Advances in caching techniques


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Key Architectural Trends-contd

Overlapping execution in a pipeline

Issuing multiple instruction per clock

Dynamic schemes


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8.Microprocessor Generations

First generation: 1971-78 (16-bit, 50k transistors)

Third Generation: 1985-89

(Reduced Instruction Set Computer/RISC,>100k transistors)

Fourth Generation: 1990-

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9.Indian microprocessor in future

Initiative by Indian

government

The name Zerone, initial

investment $200m

Motivation comes from

the security reason

Based on Suns Open

Sparc open source design


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10.Application of microprocessor

Instrumentation

Control

Communication

Office Automation and Publication

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11.Reference

Books Microprocessor architecture, programming, and

applications with the 8085 by Ramesh S. Gaonkar

Microprocessor by v ram URL

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microproces

sors http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-

government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/


content
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessorshttp://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://techtickerblog.com/2009/07/17/indian-government-to-develop-india-microprocessor/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

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