Jinyoung Jang, Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon, Youngmin Woo ... · Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo...

Korea Institute of Energy Research Nanoparticle from light duty vehicles using various fuels for FTP-75 and WLTC Jinyoung Jang , Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon, Youngmin Woo (KIER) Background &Objective SUMMARY In the light duty vehicles, PM and PN are hot issues; especially diesel and GDI vehicles. In the case of sub 23 nm PM, MPI gasoline, LPG and CNG also have PN problem. The authors want to compare PN from CNG, LPLi, GDI and diesel vehicles And also, Comparing the test mode because WLTC has more severe test condition. Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo Park (Korea Univ.) * Corresponding author: Youngjae Lee ([email protected]) This research was financially supported by KAMA. Acknowledgments RESULTS Test apparatus <FTP-75 cycle> <Test Vehicle & Spec> <Schematic Diagram of Test Equipment> Phase Time (s) Distance (km) Cold start transient phase 505 5.78 Stabilized phase 865 6.29 Hot soak Min 540, max 660 - Hot start transient phase 505 5.78 Total 2,475 17.85 K5 (KIA) K5 (KIA) SM5 (Samsung) Veloster (HMC) I30 (HMC) Sorento (KIA) Fuel LPG Gasoline LPG LPG- CNG Gasoline Diesel Boost N/A Turbo/Intercooler Engine type LPLi MPI LPG LPG- CNG Bi-fuel GDI CRDI Volume (l) 2.0 1.6 2.0 Engine oil grade 5W-20 5W-30 Model year 2013 2014 2013 2014 2012 2009 Odormeter 44,230 km 31,037 km 57,565 km 57,565 km 22,808 km 105,843 km 115,384 km Aftertreatment TWC DOC+D PF DOC Transmission Automatic 6 CVT Automatic 6 <WLTC> Veloster GDI K5 MPI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG i30 Diesel SORENTO Diesel 10 10 10 12 10 14 10 16 PN (#/km) FTP-75 WLTC Veloster GDI K5 MPI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG i30 Diesel SORENTO Diesel 10 10 10 12 10 14 10 16 PN (#/km) FTP-75 WLTC Veloster GDI K5 MPI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG i30 Diesel SORENTO Diesel 10 10 10 12 10 14 10 16 PN (#/km) FTP-75 WLTC • FTP-75 < WLTC • Diesel with DPF < SI based vehicle • other < GDI • A number of sub-23 nm PM from LPG and CNG car is high Over 23 nm Over 5 nm 5 ~ 23 nm 1) In this study, gasoline, LPG, CNG and diesel vehicles were investigated to comparing emissions. 2) Emission level; FTP75 is higher than WLTC; CO and HC from GDI is higher than other SI based vehicles; NOx from diesel vehicle is higher than SI based vehicle and diesel without DPF vehicle is the highest. 3) PN level : WLTC his higher than FTP-75 due to higher speed; diesel with DPF vehicle is lower than other vehicles; GDI is higher than other SI based vehicles; PN for Sub 23 nm in LPG and CNG is higher. Low Mediu m High Extra High Total Duration, s 589 433 455 323 1800 Stop duration, s 156 48 31 7 242 Distance, m 3095 4756 7158 8254 23262 Maximum speed, km/h 56.5 76.6 97.4 131.3 Average speed wit hout stops, km/h 25.7 44.5 60.8 94.0 53.8 Average speed wit h stops, km/h 18.9 39.5 56.6 92.0 46.5 Exhaust gas from vehicle Filter CVS Tunnel Diluter (DEKATI DEED) DF : 100 :1 or 1000:1 Blower Over 5 nm CPC 5.403 Over 23 nm TSI 3010D 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 11 10 12 PN (#/s) T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel 0 30 60 90 120 150 Vehicle Speed (km/h) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 11 10 12 T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel PN (#/s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 Vehicle Speed (km/h) Over 23 nm Over 5 nm W L T C 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 11 10 12 PN (#/s) Soaking Time (600 s) T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel 0 30 60 90 120 150 Vehicle Speed (km/h) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 11 10 12 PN (#/s) Soaking Time (600 s) T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel 0 30 60 90 120 150 Vehicle Speed (km/h) F T P - 75 Over 23 nm Over 5 nm • PN depends on acceleration and deceleration of vehicle. • other < GDI • PN of CNG and LPG was similar to PN of GDI when vehicle speed was over 100 km under WLTC.

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Transcript of Jinyoung Jang, Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon, Youngmin Woo ... · Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo...

Korea Institute of Energy Research

Nanoparticle from light duty vehicles using various fuels for FTP-75 and WLTC

Jinyoung Jang, Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon, Youngmin Woo (KIER)

Background&Objective

SUMMARY

In the light duty vehicles, PM and PN are hot issues; especially diesel and GDI vehicles.

In the case of sub 23 nm PM, MPI gasoline, LPG and CNG also have PN problem.

The authors want to compare PN from CNG, LPLi, GDI and diesel vehicles

And also, Comparing the test mode because WLTC has more severe test condition.

Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo Park (Korea Univ.)

* Corresponding author: Youngjae Lee ([email protected])

This research was financially supported by KAMA.Acknowledgments

RESULTS

Test apparatus

Phase Time (s) Distance (km)

Cold start

transient phase505 5.78

Stabilized

phase865 6.29

Hot soak Min 540, max 660 -

Hot start

transient phase505 5.78

Total 2,475 17.85

K5(KIA)

K5(KIA)

SM5(Samsung)

Veloster(HMC)

I30 (HMC)

Sorento(KIA)

Fuel LPG Gasoline LPGLPG-CNG

Gasoline Diesel

Boost N/A Turbo/Intercooler

Engine type LPLi MPI LPGLPG-CNG

Bi-fuelGDI CRDI

Volume (l) 2.0 1.6 2.0

Engine oil grade 5W-20 5W-30

Model year 2013 2014 2013 2014 2012 2009

Odormeter44,230

km31,037

km57,565

km57,565

km22,808

km105,843

km115,384

km

Aftertreatment TWCDOC+D

PFDOC

Transmission Automatic 6 CVT Automatic 6

Veloster

GDI

K5

MPI

K5

LPG

SM5

LPG

SM5

CNG

i30

Diesel

SORENTO

Diesel

1010

1012

1014

1016

PN

(#

/k

m)

FTP-75

WLTC

Veloster

GDI

K5

MPI

K5

LPG

SM5

LPG

SM5

CNG

i30

Diesel

SORENTO

Diesel

1010

1012

1014

1016

PN

(#

/k

m)

FTP-75

WLTC

Veloster

GDI

K5

MPI

K5

LPG

SM5

LPG

SM5

CNG

i30

Diesel

SORENTO

Diesel

1010

1012

1014

1016

PN

(#

/k

m)

FTP-75

WLTC

• FTP-75 < WLTC

• Diesel with DPF < SI based vehicle

• other < GDI

• A number of sub-23 nm PM from LPG and CNG car is high

Over 23 nm Over 5 nm

5 ~ 23 nm

1) In this study, gasoline, LPG, CNG and diesel vehicles were investigated to comparing emissions.

2) Emission level; FTP75 is higher than WLTC; CO and HC from GDI is higher than other SI based vehicles; NOx from diesel vehicle

is higher than SI based vehicle and diesel without DPF vehicle is the highest.

3) PN level : WLTC his higher than FTP-75 due to higher speed; diesel with DPF vehicle is lower than other vehicles; GDI is higher

than other SI based vehicles; PN for Sub 23 nm in LPG and CNG is higher.

LowMediu

mHigh

Extra

HighTotal

Duration, s 589 433 455 323 1800

Stop duration, s 156 48 31 7 242

Distance, m 3095 4756 7158 8254 23262

Maximum speed,

km/h56.5 76.6 97.4 131.3

Average speed wit

hout stops, km/h25.7 44.5 60.8 94.0 53.8

Average speed wit

h stops, km/h18.9 39.5 56.6 92.0 46.5

Exhaust gas from vehicle

Filter

CVS Tunnel

Diluter(DEKATI DEED)

DF : 100 :1 or 1000:1

Blower

Over 5 nmCPC 5.403

Over 23 nmTSI 3010D

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 180010

6

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

P

N (

#/s)

T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel

0

30

60

90

120

150

Veh

icle

Sp

eed

(k

m/h

)

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 180010

6

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel

P

N (

#/s)

0

30

60

90

120

150

Veh

icle

Sp

eed

(k

m/h

)

Over 23 nm Over 5 nm

WLTC

0 500 1000 1500 2000 250010

6

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

P

N (

#/s)

Soaking Time (600 s)

T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel

0

30

60

90

120

150

Veh

icle

Sp

eed

(k

m/h

)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 250010

6

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

P

N (

#/s)

Soaking Time (600 s)

T-GDI K5 LPG SM5 LPG SM5 CNG I30 Diesel

0

30

60

90

120

150

Veh

icle

Sp

eed

(k

m/h

)

FTP-

75

Over 23 nm Over 5 nm

• PN depends on acceleration and deceleration of vehicle.• other < GDI• PN of CNG and LPG was similar to PN of GDI when vehicle speed was

over 100 km under WLTC.