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Transcript of Jevin west eigen factor
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Jevin D. West University of Washington
The Eigenfactor Metrics: a network approach to assessing scholarly journals
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The Eigenfactor Project
Q: How does network structure affect function?
The Eigenfactor Algorithm
Q: How can we better evaluate the scholarly literature?
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Citation Networks, Scaling Up
Network Effects, Centrality
Eigenfactor, Article Influence
Mapping, Future Directions
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Citation Networks
Citation Networks, Scaling Up
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Citations
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Citations
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�Scholarship is all about�
the flow of ideas
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�Networks are all about�the flow of information
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Citations form a vast network
de Solla Price, Science (1965)
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Citations among Authors
Eugene Garfield
Derek de Solla Price
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Citations among Journals
Physical Review Letters
Ecology Letters
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What happens when you scale up?
12,000 Journals
150,000,000 Citations
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How do we identify the important journals?
…using only the citation network
…but all of the citation network
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Network Effects
Network Effects, Centrality
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High School Dating Network
Image Courtesy of Mark Newman
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System Scale: Network Topology Matters
High School Dating Network
Q: Which network would MONO prefer?
Individual Scale: Connection Source Matters
Q: Which girl/boy should I date if I don’t want MONO?
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Image Courtesy of Mark Newman
Who is the most ‘influential’ high school student?
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Degree Centrality
Eigenvector Centrality
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Links
9
5
4
3
2
1
Degree Centrality
Number of students
1234567891011121314
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Accounting for the Network
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The Network Matters
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This network property of the scholarly literature was largely ignored over the first century of
scholarly evaluation.
How can we extract this information in order to better measure
information flow?
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Impact factor Cites in 2010 to articles in 2009 or 2008
Number of articles in 2009 and 2008
Garfield, Science (1955)
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Impact Factor
2010
2008 - 2009
2 articles
!
IF2010
=3
2
3 citations
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Impact Factor Eigenfactor
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Citation Networks, Scaling Up
Network Effects, Centrality
Eigenfactor, Article Influence
Mapping, Future Directions
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Eigenfactor algorithm
Eigenfactor – taking into account the network
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25 nodes and 42 unweighted, undirected links
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25 nodes and 42 weighted, undirected links
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25 nodes and 42 weighted, directed links
Which node is the most central?
4
2
6
5
31
11
97
10
8
21
2018
1917
16
15
14
13
12
25
23
22
24
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Applet: Daniel Edler
Deterministic: iterative voting
Stochastic: random walker
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Eigenfactor – Top Ten Journals in Science (2008)
Rank Journal Eigenfactor
1 Nature 1.76
2 PNAS 1.70
3 Science 1.58
4 Journal of Biological Chemistry 1.33
5 Physical Review Letters 1.28
6 Journal of the American Chemical Society 0.95
7 Physical Review B 0.77
8 Applied Physics Letters 0.72
9 New England Journal of Medicine 0.68
10 Cell 0.67
Total number of journals ranked = 8,232
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Eigenfactor – Top Ten Journals in Science (2008)
Rank Journal Eigenfactor
1 Nature 1.76 %
2 PNAS 1.70 %
3 Science 1.58 %
4 Journal of Biological Chemistry 1.33 %
5 Physical Review Letters 1.28 %
6 Journal of the American Chemical Society 0.95 %
7 Physical Review B 0.77 %
8 Applied Physics Letters 0.72 %
9 New England Journal of Medicine 0.68 %
10 Cell 0.67 %
Total number of journals ranked = 8,232
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Article Influence = Eigenfactor
# articles
Eigenfactor, Ranking & Mapping
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Article Influence – Top Ten Journals in Science (2008)
Rank Journal Article Influence
1 Review of Modern Physics 24.9
2 Annual Review of Immunology 24.7
3 Annual Review of Biochemistry 20.9
4 Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 20.0
5 Annual Review of Neuroscience 18.9
6 Cell 18.9
7 New England Journal of Medicine 18.8
8 CA – A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 17.5
9 Nature 17.3
10 Science 16.3
Total number of journals ranked = 8,232
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Article Influence vs. Impact Factor
Impact Factor, Eigenfactor
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Ecology and Evolution (2007)
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0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.5
ImpactFactor
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Eigenfactor
0.342 0.316
0.147
0.103
0.056
0.036
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Mapping
Mapping, Future Directions
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good maps simplify � and highlight� relevant structures
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The map equation tells us the description length for a particular modular structure
The Map Equation
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Hierarchical Maps
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1995 2004
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Alluvial diagrams
Image:NASA
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Rosvall&Bergstrom(2010)
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Mapping, Future Directions
Future Directions
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How can we better�evaluate the scholarly literature?
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How can we better�navigate the scholarly literature?
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Ranking
1. …..2. …3. …4. …5. …..6. …7. ..8. …..9. ..
Mapping
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Scholarly Feedback
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DocumentDeliveryvsDocumentDiscovery
1.Convenientaccesstolotsofdata
2.ConnecKvityofthedata
TheImpactoftheInternet
TheImpactoftheScholar‐net1.Convenientaccesstolotsofdata2.ConnecKvityofthedata
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Acknowledgements
Carl Bergstrom Daril Vilhena Martin Rosvall Ben Althouse Ted Bergstrom Johan Bollen Ralph Dandrea Gail Dykstra Daniel Edler Alan Yen Gregg Gordon Michael Jensen Michael Kurtz Moritz Stefaner Theresa Portzer
NaKonalScienceFoundaKons NaKonalInsKtutesofHealth