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Middle Ages EEAbsolutismeeFrench

Revolution

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ExplorationReligion

The sacred writings of Islam revealed by God

to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and

Medina

What is the Koran

Make a declaration of faith, pray five times daily, give

to charity, fast from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan,

pilgrimage to Mecca

What are the “Five Pillars of Islam”?

In Hinduism, the duties and obligations

of each caste (law)

What is Dharma?

The central teachings of Buddhism; to live is to

suffer; suffering is caused by desire; the cessation of

suffering can be achieved; the solution is the Noble

Eightfold Path.

What are the “Four Noble

Truths”

Philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and

Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and

noninterference with the course of natural events

What is Daoism?

The cultural movement of the Renaissance. The doctrine

emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization

through reason

What is Humanism?

Ancient scientist who said earth was

the center of the universe

Who was Ptolemy?

A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul

III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant

reformers

What was the Council of Trent?

Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was

common practice when the church needed to raise

money. The practice led to the Reformation.

What are indulgences?

A political theory of ancient China in which those in

power were given the right to rule from a divine source

What is the Mandate of

Heaven?

Portuguese prince who started a school for sailors

and sponsored early voyages of exploration

Who was Prince Henry?

This was the first person to lead an expedition that

circumnavigated the world

Who was Magellan?

French explorers who sailed down the Mississippi River to

the Arkansas River and claimed this area for France.

Who were Marquette &

Joliet?

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and

technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's

voyages.

What was the Columbian Exchange?

An economic policy under which nations sought to

increase their wealth and power by obtaining large

amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods

than they bought

What is Mercantilism?

Queen of England from 1558 to 1603 Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; she

succeeded Mary I (who was a Catholic) and restored

Protestantism to England.

Who was Elizabeth I?

Czar of Russia who introduced ideas

from Western Europe to reform the government

Who was Peter the Great?

English materialist and political philosopher who

advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind

of government that could resolve problems caused by

the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

The notion that society is based on an agreement

between government and the governed in which people

agree to give up some rights in exchange for the protection of

others

What is a Social Contract?

This document, signed by King John in 1215, is the

cornerstone of English justice and law. It declared that the king and government were bound by the same laws as other citizens of England.

What is the Magna Cartra?

1-Church clergy

2-Nobles (Emigre)

3-Commoners (bourgeoisie)

What are the Three Estates?

Revolutionary leader who tried to wipe out every trace of France's past monarchy

and nobility - lead the Reign of Terror

Who was Robespierre?

Declaration mainly by members of the Third Estate not to disband until they had

drafted a constitution for France (June 20, 1789).

What is the Tennis Court Oath?

Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by

the French National Assembly at the beginning of

the French Revolution.

What is the Declaration of

Rights of Man?

Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England

by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe.

What was the Continental System?

Make your wager

In 1455, Johannes Gutenberg used his new, movable-type printing press to print out about 180 copies of this book.

What is The Bible (also known as

Gutenberg’s Bible)?