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Jazz StylesJazz is a broad genre ha includes many differen syles. Te aciviies in his pack will amiliarize sudens, hisorically and aurally, wih he syles lised below. Presen he inormaion rom he alking poins ha ollow ha besmaches your sudens previous experiences and he ocus o your lesson.

Ragtime

Ragime is a piano-based jazz syle ha developed in he early 1900s and was popular or abou 20 years. Ragime hasa wo-bea rhyhm has played in he lef hand o he piano while he righ hand plays ragged rhyhms in he melodyRagime music was writen down raher han improvised. Te ciy o S. Louis is associaed wih he developmen o heragime syle and some ragime players include Scot Joplin, Ferdinand Jelly Roll Moron, and James P. Johnson.

Blues

Te blues grew ou o field hollers, work songs, and spiriuals. I was originally a vocal syle o jazz ha expressedhe challenges o a difficul lie. Flated hird, fifh, and sevenh scale degrees give blues is blue eeling. Te 12

bar blues conains 3 our-measure phrases. Te lyrics o he firs wo phrases usually sae a problem and he hirdphrase resolves i in some manner. Te singing syle includes scooped and ben noes and he empo is usuallyslow and expressive. A lo o he improvisaion ha is done in odays jazz is based on he 12-bar blues ormulaMemphis Blues, writen by W.C. Handy in 1912, was one o he firs blues pieces o be published. Bessie Smih wasa amous blues singer who was popular in he 1930s.

Boogie Woogie

Boogie Woogie is a piano syle based on he blues bu resembling ragime. Te syle appeared abou 1918 andwas popular hrough he early 1940s. A repeaed figure is played by he lef hand on he piano while he righhand plays exciing, driving melodies. Te lef hand plays a walking bass line ha usually consiss o eigh pichesper measure, so boogie woogie is someimes called eigh o he bar.

Dixieland

Tis early syle o jazz grew ou o he marching brass bands o New Orleans near he urn o he wenieh cenuryTe Aricans brough heir own rhyhmic and improvisaory syle o he European insrumens hey learned o playand soon, smaller bands and combos were playing he syle we now reer o as Dixieland. rumpes, cornes, rombones, and drums were common, wih saxophones, clarines, and even banjos being added laer. Louis ArmsrongKing Oliver, and Sidney Beche all are amous names in he Dixieland syle. Te firs recordings o Dixieland musicwere perormed by Te Original Dixieland Jass Band in he early 1920s.

Swing

Swing syle began in he 1930s and surged o he oreron in populariy. Te swing eel moved away rom he sifferrhyhms used in early jazz orms and beas 2 and 4 were accened. Swing bands (which were called Big Bands) grew insize o include eigh brasses (our rumpes, our rombones), five woodwinds, and a our-player rhyhm secion. Mosbig band in he swing era included a singer. Some o he mos amous big band leaders are Coun Basie, Duke EllingonBenny Goodman, and Glenn Miller.

Bebop

Bebop was a very innovaive syle o jazz ha appeared in he 1940s. Fas and urious, i conains complex melodiesand improvisaory secions. Te radical, new sound o bebop was shocking, and quie conroversial, o many people

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Te mos amous bop players included saxophonis Charlie Parker (Bird) and rumpeer Dizzy Gillespie (Diz)Oher early bebop ariss included Sonny Sit (saxophone), Oscar Petiord (bass), and Bud Powell (piano).

Cool Jazz

Cool Jazz was a direc conras o bebop. Smaller ensembles were employed and he bea was less sric han earlierjazz orms. rumpeers Miles Davis and Che Baker, as well as pianis Dave Brubeck, made his syle o jazz popular.

Rock n RollA direc descendan o jazz, rock n roll became popular in he 1950s. Many early rock n roll songs are acuallycovers o old blues songs, perormed wih elecric insrumens and a sronger accening o he off-beas.

Latin

Joao Gilbero released he firs major album in he bossa nova syle, Chega de Saudade,in 1959. Te influenceo Aro-Cuban, Caribbean, and Brazilian music on jazz only because sronger, wih Dizzy Gillespie, among ohersembracing he syle. In addiion o piano, drums, bass, guiar, and a solo insrumen, like rumpe or saxophone, asecond percussionis is ofen heard playing imbales and oher Lain percussion insrumens. Tis syle coninues obe a big par o he jazz scene oday.

Jazz-Rock

Developed in he Unied Saes during he 1970s and 80s, jazz-rock combines he improvisaional, melodic, and harmonic componens o jazz wih he rhyhmic drive and elecric insrumenaion o rock. Elecric guiar, bass, and pianoare all common insrumens used in jazz-rock, as is he synhesizer. Miles Davis was one o he firs musicians o explorejazz-rock in he lae 1960s, creaing a sound ha was conroversial a he ime, bu laer recognized as a ground-breakingnew syle. Oher jazz-rock ariss include Chick Corea; Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorer and heir band, Weaher ReporPa Meheny; and Herbie Hancock. Many o hese same ariss explore oher modern jazz syles, including usion andree jazz, and coninue o perorm and record oday. Some, including Herbie Hancock, are branching ou even urhero collaborae wih pop ariss, including Annie Lennox, Sing, Joss Sone, and John Mayer.

Jazz TimelineObjective

Inroducion or review o jazz syles

Suggestions for UseSudens may fill in he Jazz imelinereproducible, ound on page 10, as you presen he jazz syles o heclass.I is also useul during guided-lisening aciviies. Sudens ideniy wha heyre hearing and place i cor

recly wihin jazz hisory.

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FromArtiesJazzPackbyArtieAlmeida2009HeritageMusicPress,adivisionoftheLorenzCorporation.Per

missiontoreproducethisactivityisgrantedforsingle-classroomusetotheoriginalpurchaser.

Name____________________________

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JazzTimeline

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dfillinhenameofhesylehaeachisdescribinginheblankprovided.

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1900s

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1940

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Jazz Styles DialA Guided-Listening Activity and Game

ObjectiveAural idenificaion o jazz syles

DirectionsLaminae aciviy boards or durabiliy. I desired, cu ou he poiners1.provided in his pack and atach hem wih a meal brad o he op ohe board where he lines converge. Inexpensive plasic arrows arealso available or purchase a mos school supply sores. Oherwise,sudens may ouch he correc answers wih heir fingers.rack 1 o he included CD conains excerps o each jazz syle, wih is name announced beore he sample is2.played. Consider beginning his guided-lisening aciviy by playing rack 1 or 2 and pausing he CD beweeneach excerp o impar basic inormaion abou ha paricular syle o he sudens. (racks 1 and 2 includedifferen recorded examples o each syle. Inormaion abou each syle is provided on pages 8 and 9.)

Once sudens are amiliar wih each syle, use rack 3 or 4 o play a syle guessing game. Tese racks have3.perormances o jazz syles in random order (no syle names announced). Sudens guess wha syle heyare hearing by drawing on he inormaion hey were given a he beginning o he lesson. Sudens shoulduse he aciviy boards o indicae heir answers. (Te syles excerps on each rack are lised in order below.)Consider using rack 3 or 4 or a ormal assessmen o sudens knowledge o jazz syles. Have sudens4.number a blank page rom 1 o 8. Play he CD rack and insruc sudens o wrie down he name o eachsyle as hey hear i.

CD Track InformationTrack 1

Te Styles of JazzNames announced before eachexcerpt

RagimeDixielandBluesBoogie WoogieSwingBebopRock n RollCool JazzLainJazz-Rock

Track 2

Te Styles of JazzNames announced before eachexcerpt

Cool JazzBebopSwingBluesDixielandRock n RollJazz-RockRagimeLainBoogie Woogie

Track 3

Te Styles of JazzGuessing game, no names

announced

Jazz-RockBoogie WoogieDixielandCool JazzRagimeBluesLain

Swing

Track 4

Te Styles of JazzGuessing game, no namesannounced

BebopSwingCool JazzJazz-RockLainDixielandBoogie WoogieBlues

JazzStylesDial

30/2495H

Swin

g

Dixieland

BoogieWoog

ieRagtime

Blues

Be

bo

p

CoolJa

zz

RocknRoll

Latin

Jazz-Rock