JAXA’s satellites forDisaster Risk Reduction

October 9, 2017 

Masanobu TSUJI

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Panel on Space Technology and Applications in Support of theRegional Roadmap for Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific

ICC21, ESCAP

Space Transportation

Human Space Activities Satellite Programs

Space ScienceAviation Programs

Lunar & Planetary Exploration Programs

JAXA Activities

1

JAXA’s Earth Observation Programs1. Disaster Risk Management

3. New ApplicationsJAXA’s EO scenario

Flood early warning 

Flood early warning 

Mitigation

GHG Monitoring

Mitigation

GHG Monitoring

Mitigation

Forest Monitoring

Mitigation

Forest Monitoring

AdaptationPrediction  of 

extreme        weather event  

AdaptationPrediction  of 

extreme        weather event  

OceanOcean DSMDSMInfrastructureMonitoring

InfrastructureMonitoring

Landslide MonitoringLandslide Monitoring

2. Climate Change (Mitigation/Adaptation)

Geo

spat

ial I

nfo

rmat

ion

By

Sat

ellit

e R

emo

te S

ensi

ng

Volcano MonitoringVolcano 

Monitoring

2

3

High ResolutionHigh Resolution

Climate Change & Water CycleClimate Change & Water Cycle

GHG MonitoringGHG Monitoring

2018 20202014 2016- 2013

ALOS (2005)

Aqua/AMSR-E(2002)

TRMM/PR(1997)

GOSAT(2009)

GPM/DPR(2013)

GCOM-C(2017)

EarthCARE/CPR(2019)

GCOM-W(2011)

GOSAT-2(2018)

ALOS-3 High-Resolution

Wide Swath Optical(2020)

ALOS-4High-ResolutionWide Swath SAR

(2020)

ALOS-2(2014)

Japanese Current and Future Missions

（JFY）

Disaster Risk Management

4

“Daichi-2” (ALOS-2)

Launch date May 24, 2014

Mass 2.1 tons

Lifetime 5 years (goal: 7 years)

Orbit  Sun‐synchronous628 km altitude14 days revisit

LSDN 12:00 +/‐ 15 min

Onboardsensors

[1] Phased Array‐type L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar 2 (PALSAR‐2)[2] Compact InfraRedCamera (CIRC)[3] SPAISE‐2

Mission data transmission

Direct: 800 MbpsData relay: 278 Mbps

Data recorder 128 GB

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“Daichi-2” (ALOS-2)

Mission Objectives:

Earthquake

Ice

Disaster monitoring

Environment and land management

Volcano

Forest and wetland

Agriculture & natural resources

OceanFlooding

6

Sentinel Asia

Space Community

Disaster ManagementCommunity

International Community

Sentinel Asia

ISRO GISTDA

Sentinel Asia Constellation

NARL

CRISP

JAXA

KARI

Sentinel Asia consists of 

104 JPT members incl. 

89 agencies from 27 countries and 15 international organizations 

(as of Apr 2017) and ADRC members

Platform to discuss cross‐cutting issues

Sentinel Asia is a voluntary initiative by a collaboration between space agencies and disaster management agencies, applying Remote Sensingand Web‐GIS technologies to assist disaster management in the Asia‐Pacific region.

VAST

JPT meeting Colombo, Sri Lanka in January 2016

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Kazakhstan

Tajikistan

Pakistan

India

Nepal

Bhutan

Bangladesh

Lao PDR

Thailand

Japan

Brunei

Taiwan

China

Indonesia

Solomon Island

Myanmar

Philippines

Australia New Zealand

Viet Nam

Asian Disasters Observed by Sentinel Asia

observed more than 200 disastersof 24 countriesfor last 8 years

Papua New Guinea

Kyrgyzstan

Sri Lanka

Monitoring in Nepal Flood in Thailand

Landslide in Philippines

Hotspot in Australia

Typhoon

Fiji

Cambodia

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Flood and Drought Warning

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GSMaP observing harricane Patricia and Olaf and Typhoon Champi: 2015/10/20～2015/10/24（hourly animation）

• For climate phonomena that changes rapidly, frequent observations are very much needed.

• Global precipitation map integrating the data from GPM core observatory, microwaveradiometers/sounders, and infrared radiometers of geostationary satellites

JAXA Global Rainfall Watch (4‐hr delay) : http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaPJAXA Realtime Rainfall Watch (Himawari‐area): http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP_NOW

We have started to provide GSMaP_NOW over the area of Himawari‐8!

• It provides precipitation data in an hour after observation

• We improved the data latecy from GSMaP’s 4 hours to “quasi-real-time”

PatriciaOlaf

Champi

Realtime Rainfall Watch(GSMaP_NOW)

Global Rainfall Watch (GSMaP_NRT/MVK)

New versions of GSMaP: GSMaP_NOW

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Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP)

Flood Forecasting System

Flood Warning

Cell Phone Short Message

Automatic Calculation of Drought Indices

Website

Drought Warning

Flood Warning and Drought Warning in Asia

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Great Mekong Subregion

BangladeshViet NamPhilippines

Water Related Products by JAXAPortal Name and URL

G‐Portal: JAXA’s Satellite data (for remote sensing expart)(GPM, TRMM, JERS‐1, AQUA/AMSR‐E....etc.)https://www.gportal.jaxa.jp/gp/top.html*Free and Open Data

JASMIN: Agro‐Meteorological Informationhttp://suzaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/JASMIN/index.html*Free and Open Data

GSMaP: Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitationhttp://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP_crest/index.html*Free and Open Data

Precise Global Digital 3D Map "ALOS World 3D" (30m resolution)http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d/index_e.htm*Free and Open Data

Global Forest and Non‐Forest Maphttp://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/palsar_fnf/fnf_jindex.htm*Free and Open Data

Raw Satellite Data

Agro-Meteorology

Rainfall

Topography

Forest Map

What’s next?

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Future Missions for Precise Earth Observation

Hazard Map

Precise 1/25,000 Map© GSI

Advanced Optical Satellite (ALOS-3) Advanced SAR Satellite (ALOS-4)

Estimate situation of magma chamber under the ground and faulting

Take a decision for evacuation

マグマの上昇

地

殻変動

chikaku 地殻変動

マグマの上昇

Observation

Modeling

Magma Chamber

Crucial Deformation

Rising Magma

(Configuration is TBD)

© GSI

Pan: 0.8 mMu: 6 bands, 3.2 mSwath: 70 kmRecurrent: 35 days LST: 10:30amLaunch: to be in JFY2020 14

Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE)15

To reduce the uncertainties in global warming prediction by

measuring the three dimensional structure of clouds

and aerosols.

• Joint Mission by Europe and Japan• Launch in 2019• 3 years lifetime• 400 km altitude

• Sun-synchronous orbit (Local time: 14:00)

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CPR (Cloud Profile Radar)

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APRSAF-24@Bengaluru,India 14-17 Nov.

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Our Visions 

Looking forward to further fruitful collaboration with our partners in Asia and the Pacific.

1. JAXA aims that the earth observation system wouldbecome the Space-based Infrastructure as an essential partfor our daily life.

2. Space-based Infrastructure should be utilized for specificaction and its decision making as a step ahead of theobservation and understanding of its phenomenon

3. Space agencies should lead establishment of space-basedinfrastructure to innovate new systems, new value, and/ornew business in a wide range of areas.

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Thank you for your attention.