JavaOne 2016 -Emerging Web App Architectures using Java and node.js
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Emerging Web App Architectures Using Java and Node.js
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Transcript of JavaOne 2016 -Emerging Web App Architectures using Java and node.js
Emerging Web App ArchitecturesUsing Java and Node.js
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@stevewallin
Steve Wallin
JCP EC memberProgram Director, IBM
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s / 90’s
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Learning to code as a product of the 80’s / 90’s
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3-Tier Web Applications
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3-Tier Web Applications
HTTP
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3-Tier Web Applications
HTTP
Load
Bal
ance
r
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3-Tier Web Applications
HTTP
Load
Bal
ance
r
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Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
3-Tier Web Applications
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Java and JEE based Web Applications
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From Web Sites to Web Apps
● JavaScript is ubiquitous in the browser- Supported in every browser- Integration with HTML and CSS
● JavaScript is not affected by negative publicity....
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Unless it is absolutely necessary to run Java in web browsers, disable it as described below, even after updating to 7u11. This will help mitigate other Java vulnerabilities that may be discovered in the future.
This and previous Java vulnerabilities have been widely targeted by attackers, and new Java vulnerabilities are likely to be discovered. To defend against this and futureJava vulnerabilities, consider disabling Java in web browsers…
Programming in the Browser
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FullStack JavaScript Development
● Reuse of programming skills and teams● Reuse of skills for both client and server side code
● Reuse of “isomorphic” code components● Reuse of code for both client and server● Write One Run Anywhere
● Faster user experience performance● Use of server side rendering
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Fashion and trends
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+
Node.js and Java
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Language selection
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Language selection
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API Package Support
● Node.js:● 300K+ packages● 430 packages/day
● Java growth:● 150K packages● 100 packages/day
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● Average 45% less code required for Node.js implementation
Code required to implement benchmarks
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var cluster = require('cluster');var cpus = require('os').cpus().length;var http = require('http');
if (cluster.isMaster) {for (var i = 0; i < cpus; i++) {
cluster.fork();}cluster.on('death', function(worker) {
console.log("Worker" + worker.pid + "died");});
} else {http.createServer(function(request, response) {
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});response.write("Hello World!\n");response.end();
}).listen(8080);}
Writing a HTTP Server
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var cluster = require('cluster');var cpus = require('os').cpus().length;var http = require('http');
if (cluster.isMaster) {for (var i = 0; i < cpus; i++) {
cluster.fork();}cluster.on('death', function(worker) {
console.log("Worker" + worker.pid + "died");});
} else {http.createServer(function(request, response) {
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});response.write("Hello World!\n");response.end();
}).listen(8080);}
And Clustering It….
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● One thread (or process) per connection- Each thread waits on a response- Scalability determined by the number of
threads
● Each thread:- consumes memory- is relatively idle
● Concurrency determined by number of depot workers
Typical Java Approach to Scalable I/O
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● One thread multiplexes for multiple requests- No waiting for a response- Handles return from I/O when notified
● Scalability determined by:- CPU usage- “Back end” responsiveness
● Concurrency determined by how fast the food server can work
Node.js approach to Scalable I/O
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Algorithmic Performance
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Algorithmic Performance
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Web App Performance
MoreComputation
MoreI/O
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Web App Performance
MoreComputation
MoreI/O
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Web App Performance
MoreComputation
MoreI/O
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Web App Performance
MoreComputation
MoreI/O
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){int a = 5;int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = 5;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){int a = 5;int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = 5;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){int a = 5;int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = 5;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){int a = 5;int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = 5;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){int a = 5;int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = 5;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){String a = new String(“5”);int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = ‘5’;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){String a = new String(“5”);int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.java> java app
> 8
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = ‘5’;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){String a = new String(“5”);int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.javaError: incompatible types: String cannot be converted to int
add(a, b);^
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = ‘5’;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 8
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Simple Calculation: 5 + 3
private static void add (int a, int b){System.out.println(a + b);
}
public static void main(String[] args){String a = new String(“5”);int b = 3;
add(a, b);}
> javac app.javaError: incompatible types: String cannot be converted to int
add(a, b);^
var add = function (a, b) {console.log(a + b);
}
var a = ‘5’;var b = 3;
add(a, b);
> node app.js
> 53
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // Weak typing, implicit conversion
> '5' – '4'1 // String minus String = Integer??
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // Weak typing, implicit conversion
> '5' – '4'1 // String minus String = Integer??
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // String minus String = Integer??
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // String minus String = Integer??
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // ...but that isn't
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JavaScript Calculations
> 5 + 38
> '5' + 3'53'
> '5' – 32 // String is converted to a number for subtraction
> '5' – '4'1 // Both Strings converted to number for subtraction
> '5' + + '4'54 // Multiple +'s are ok
> 'Hello' + 'World''HelloWorld' // Ok, that's expected
> 'Hello' + + 'World''HelloNaN' // Multiple plus must cause String to number conversion
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JavaScript Calculations
> '5' + - '2''5-2' // I can just about see that works
> var x = 3undefined> '5' – x + x5 // Ok, that makes sense
> var x = 3undefined> '5' + x - x50 // What???
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JavaScript Calculations
> '5' + - '2''5-2' // I can just about see that works
> var x = 3> '5' – x + x5 // Ok, that makes sense
> var x = 3undefined> '5' + x - x50 // What???
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JavaScript Calculations
> '5' + - '2''5-2' // I can just about see that works
> var x = 3> '5' – x + x5 // Ok, that makes sense
> var x = 3> '5' + x - x50 // What???
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LanguageSelection
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Choosing the Right Language for the Service
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Choosing the Right Language for the Service
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Node.js
0
- 4x
+ 1/3x
Node
.js P
erfo
rman
ce R
elat
ive
to J
ava
CPU Bound I/O Bound
* based on TechEmpower benchmark results
Application Performance(higher is better)
Choosing the Right Language for the Service
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Node.js
0
- 4x
+ 1/3x
Node
.js P
erfo
rman
ce R
elat
ive
to J
ava
CPU Bound I/O Bound
* based on TechEmpower benchmark results
Application Performance(higher is better)
Choosing the Right Language for the Service
Error: incompatible typesClassCastException
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Monolithic and Micro Services
Services are small and targeted to their taskServices are organized around capabilities
Services are self contained, storing their own data
“Do one thing, and do it well”
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● Higher performance for I/O● Easier async programming● Fullstack/isomorphic development
Choosing the Right Language for the Service
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Choosing the Right Language for the Service
● Higher processing performance● Type safety for calculations● Transaction processing frameworks
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● Highly performant, scalable rich web applications● Highly performant, reliable transaction processing● Self-contained micro-service components
Choosing the Right Language for the Service
+
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EmergingArchitectures
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Forrester 4-Tier Applications
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Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
3-Tier Web Applications
70
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
Rich Web Applications
71
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
Rich Web Applications
72
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
Rich Web Applications
Load
Bal
ance
r
73
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Load
Bal
ance
r
74
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Load
Bal
ance
r
75
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Load
Bal
ance
r
76
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Load
Bal
ance
r
77
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
78
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
79
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
80
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
81
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
82
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
83
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
Client
84
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Services
Client
Delivery
85
Operations and Management
Admin Analytics
Load
Bal
ance
r
HTTP
MicroServices and API Economy
Client
DeliveryAggregation
Services
86
Node.js and Java
+
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