Written byShraddha Sheth

Neel Shah

o Creating Windows o Creating a Window o Components and Containers o Basics of Components o Using Containers o Containers Layout Managers o Adding a Menu to a Window o Applets

JFC – JavaTM Foundation Classes

Encompass a group of features for constructing graphical user interfaces (GUI).

Implemented without any native code.“Swing” is the codename of the project that developed the

first JFC components (JFC 1.11).The name “Swing” is frequently used to refer to new

components and related API.

JFC includes:The Swing Components

Dialog, Tabbed pane, Buttons, File Chooser, ...Pluggable Look and FeelAccessibility API

Screen readers, Braille displays, ...Java 2DTM API (Java 2 Platform only)Drag and Drop (Java 2 Platform only)

Between Java applications and native applications.

Each picture shows the same program but with a different look and feel

javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel

javax.swing.plaf.motif.MotifLookAndFeel

Javax.swing.plaf.windows.WindowsLookAndFeel

import javax.swing.UIManager;

static setLookAndFeel() method that is defined in the UIManager class.

This method can throw an exception of ClassNotFoundException if the look-and-feel class cannot be found,

For example: try {

UIManager.setLookAndFeel(“com.sun.java.swing.plaf.motif.MotifLookAndFeel”);

} catch(Exception e) { System.err.println(“Look and feel not set.”);

}

UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo[] looks = UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels();

for( UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo look : looks) System.out.println(look.getClassName());

Java Default Look And FeelUIManager.setLookAndFeel

( UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeel());

Swing provides many standard GUI components such as buttons, lists, menus, and text areas, which you combine to create your program's GUI.

Swing provides containers such as a window.top level: frames, dialogsintermediate level: panel, scroll pane, tabbed pane, ...

View Components

Descendents of the java.awt.Container classComponents that can contain other components.Use a layout manager to position and size the

components contained in them.Components are added to a container using one

of the various forms of its add methodDepending on which layout manager is used by the

containerpanel.add(component);

Every program that presents a Swing GUI contains at least one top-level container.

A Top level container provides the support that Swing components need to perform their painting and event-handling.

Swing provides four top-level containers:JFrame (Main window)JDialog (Base For Dialogs)JApplet (An applet display area within a browser

window)JWindow (Secondary Display Devices)

To appear on screen, every GUI component must be part of a containment hierarchy, with a top-level container as its root.

Each top-level container has a content pane that contains visible components in that top-level container’s GUI.

A top-level container can not contain another top level container.

A frame implemented as an instance of the JFrame class, is a window that has decorations such as a border, a title and buttons for closing and iconifying the window.

Applications with a GUI typically use at least one frame.

import javax.swing.*;

public class HelloWorldSwing {

public static void main(String[] args) {

JFrame frame = new JFrame("HelloWorldSwing");

final JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello World");

frame.getContentPane().add(label); // 1.4

// OR USE THIS frame.add(label); JDK 5

frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

Position (x,y)Name .setName() .getName();SizeForeground And Background ColorFontCursorState (setEnabled ([True/False])) isEnable()Visible (setVisible([True/False])) isVisible()Valid isValid()

Position is defined by x and y coordinates of type int, or by an object of type java.awt.Point.

Size is defined by width and height, also values of type int, or by an object of type java.awt.Dimension.

A Rectangle specifies an area in a coordinate space that is enclosed by the Rectangle object's upper-left point (x,y) in the coordinate space, its width, and its height.

The decorations on a frame are platform dependent.A JApplet object has the same arrangement of panes

as a JFrame object.Window class and its subclasses, as objects of type

Window (or of a subclass type) can’t be contained in another container.