Java Puzzlers NG S02: Down the Rabbit Hole as presented at Devoxx US 2017
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Transcript of Java Puzzlers NG S02: Down the Rabbit Hole as presented at Devoxx US 2017
Developer Advocate @JFrog@jbaruch on the internetz
Developer Advocate @Hazelcast@gAmUssA on the internetz
1. Two entertaining guys on the stage
2. Funny puzzling questions3. You think and vote4.T-shirts are airborne5. Official twitter hashtags:
#javapuzzlersng#DevoxxUS
Which Java version are you on?
A. Java 7B. Java 8C. Java 9D. Java 6E. Java 5F. Java 2
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Everything works (or doesn't) in the latest Java 8 and/or 9 update
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
public class PerfectRobbery {private Semaphore bankAccount = new Semaphore(-42);public static void main(String[] args) {
PerfectRobbery perfectRobbery = new PerfectRobbery();perfectRobbery.takeAllMoney();perfectRobbery.checkBalance();
}public void takeAllMoney(){
bankAccount.drainPermits();}public void checkBalance(){
System.out.println(bankAccount.availablePermits());}
}
A. IllegalArgumentException – can’t create semaphore with negativeB. UnsupportedOperationException – can’t drain when negativeC. 0D. -42
A. IllegalArgumentException – can’t create semaphore with negativeB. UnsupportedOperationException – can’t drain when negativeC. 0D. -42
public class PerfectRobbery {private Semaphore bankAccount = new Semaphore(-42);public static void main(String[] args) {
PerfectRobbery perfectRobbery = new PerfectRobbery();perfectRobbery.takeAllMoney();perfectRobbery.checkBalance();
}public void takeAllMoney(){
bankAccount.drainPermits();}public void checkBalance(){
System.out.println(bankAccount.availablePermits());}
}
A. true/trueB. true/falseC. false/trueD. false/false
Collections.emptyList() == Collections.emptyList();Collections.emptyIterator() == Collections.emptyIterator();
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. true/trueB. true/falseC. false/trueD. false/false
Collections.emptyList() == Collections.emptyList();Collections.emptyIterator() == Collections.emptyIterator();
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. true/trueB. true/falseC. false/trueD. false/false
Spliterators.emptySpliterator() == Spliterators.emptySpliterator();Stream.empty() == Stream.empty();
A. true/trueB. true/falseC. false/trueD. false/false
Spliterators.emptySpliterator() == Spliterators.emptySpliterator();Stream.empty() == Stream.empty();
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
”Identical”
1. Has the same state
2. Not related to “equals and hashcode” contract
3. Not related to references to objects in memory
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
List[] twins = new List[2];Arrays.setAll(twins, ArrayList::new);
A. Absolutely identical empty listsB. Absolutely identical non-empty listsC. Non-identical empty listsD. Non-identical non-empty lists
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
List[] twins = new List[2];Arrays.setAll(twins, ArrayList::new);
A. Absolutely identical empty listsB. Absolutely identical non-empty listsC. Non-identical empty listsD. Non-identical non-empty lists
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
How single is a Single Abstract Method Interface?
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. WTF?! ’Single’ means one, not three!B. Problem is with partyHard(T), remove it and it will workC. Problem is the drinkIn methods, removing one of them and it will
workD. It will work fine! Both partyHard() and drinkIn() are merged in
SingleAndHappy, leaving one abstract method
public interface Single<T> {default void partyHard(String songName) { System.out.println(songName); }void partyHard(T songName);void drinkIn(T drinkName);void drinkIn(String dringName);
}@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface SingleAndHappy extends Single<String> { }
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. WTF?! ’Single’ means one, not three!B. Problem is with partyHard(T), remove it and it will workC. Problem are the drinkIn methods, removing it will leave one abstract
methodD. Yes! Both partyHard() and drinkIn() are merged in SingleAndHappy,
leaving one abstract method
public interface Single<T> {default void partyHard(String songName) { System.out.println(songName); }void partyHard(T songName);void drinkIn(T drinkName);void drinkIn(String dringName);
}@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface SingleAndHappy extends Single<String> { }
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Hacking the bank
☑Bank software written in Java☑Hack into it☑Analyze the accounts
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Given the code above, which statement is wrong:A. The Set is ordered by hashcodeB. The order is predictable across multiple runs of the JVM on the same machineC. The order of elements in Set is not predictableD. Statements A & B are correct
Set<String>accounts=newHashSet<>(Arrays.asList("Gates","Buffett","Bezos","Zuckerberg"));System.out.println(”accounts="+accounts);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Given the code above, which statement is wrong:A. The Set is ordered by hashcodeB. The order is predictable across multiple runs of the JVM on the same machineC. The order of elements in Set is not predictableD. Statements A & B are correct
Set<String>accounts=newHashSet<>(Arrays.asList("Gates","Buffett","Bezos","Zuckerberg"));System.out.println(”accounts="+accounts);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
public boolean add(E e) {return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Given the code above, which statement is wrong:A. The Set is ordered by hashcodeB. The order is predictable across multiple runs of the JVM on the same machineC. The order of elements in Set is not predictableD. Statements A & B are correct
Set<String>accounts=Set.of("Gates","Buffett","Bezos","Zuckerberg");System.out.println(”accounts="+accounts);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
Given the code above, which statement is wrong:A. The Set is ordered by hashcodeB. The order is predictable across multiple runs of the JVM on the same machineC. The order of elements in Set is not predictableD. Statements A & B are correct
Set<String>accounts=Set.of("Gates","Buffett","Bezos","Zuckerberg");System.out.println(”accounts="+accounts);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
private int probe(Object pe) {int idx = Math.floorMod(pe.hashCode() ^ SALT, elements.length);while (true) {
E ee = elements[idx];if (ee == null) {
return -idx - 1;} else if (pe.equals(ee)) {
return idx;} else if (++idx == elements.length) {
idx = 0;}
}}
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
What’s correct?A. If you convert your application to module, classpath
dependencies will still be resolved correctlyB. If one of the dependencies was converted to a module, you
have to declare it in module-info in order to useC. Once you added the module-info to your project you have to
declare the dependencies twice, in classpath and in module-info
D. None of the above@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
What’s correct?A. If you convert your application to module, classpath
dependencies will still be resolved correctlyB. If one of the dependencies was converted to a module, you
have to declare it in module-info in order to useC. Once you added the module-info to your project you have to
declare the dependencies twice, in classpath and in module-info
D. None of the above@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. You killed them allB. You killed only even onesC. They all survivedD. You killed only odd onesE. All answers are correct
static void killThemAll(Collection<Hero> expendables) {Iterator<Hero> heroes = expendables.iterator();heroes.forEachRemaining(e -> {
if (heroes.hasNext()) {heroes.next();heroes.remove();
}});System.out.println(expendables);
}
A. You killed them allB. You killed only even onesC. They all survivedD. You killed only odd onesE. All answers are correct
static void killThemAll(Collection<Hero> expendables) {Iterator<Hero> heroes = expendables.iterator();heroes.forEachRemaining(e -> {
if (heroes.hasNext()) {heroes.next();heroes.remove();
}});System.out.println(expendables);
}
Don’t do that. Really, don’t.
killThemAll(new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("N","S","W","S","L","S","L","V")));[]
killThemAll(new LinkedList<String>(Arrays.asList("N","S","W","S","L","S","L","V")));[S,S,S,V]
killThemAll(new ArrayDeque<String>(Arrays.asList("N","S","W","S","L","S","L","V")));[N,S,W,S,L,S,L,V]
killThemAll(new TreeSet<String>(Arrays.asList("N","S","W","S","L","S","L","V")));[N,W,L,L]
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. Both work just fineB. Lambda works, method ref failsC. Method ref works, lambda failsD. Won’t compile
@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface OriginalPredicate<T> {
boolean test(T t);}
OriginalPredicate<Object> lambda = (Object obj) -> ”adidas".equals(obj);OriginalPredicate<Object> methodRef = ”adidas"::equals;
A. Both work just fineB. Lambda works, method ref failsC. Method ref works, lambda failsD. Won’t compile
@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface OriginalPredicate<T> {
boolean test(T t);}
OriginalPredicate<Object> lambda = (Object obj) -> ”adidas".equals(obj);OriginalPredicate<Object> methodRef = ”adidas"::equals;
A. Both work just fineB. Lambda works, method ref failsC. Method ref works, lambda failsD. Not a functional interface, will fail on annotation processing
@FunctionalInterfacePublic interface CopyCatPredicate {
<T> boolean test(T t);}
CopyCatPredicate lambda = (Object obj) -> " adadas".equals(obj);CopyCatPredicate methodRef = " adadas"::equals;
A. Both work just fineB. Lambda works, method ref failsC. Method ref works, lambda failsD. Not a functional interface, will fail on annotation processing
@FunctionalInterfacePublic interface CopyCatPredicate {
<T> boolean test(T t);}
CopyCatPredicate lambda = (Object obj) -> " adadas".equals(obj);CopyCatPredicate methodRef = " adadas"::equals;
Agenericfunctiontypeforafunctionalinterfacemaybeimplementedbyamethodreferenceexpression(§15.13),butnotbyalambdaexpression(§15.27)asthereisnosyntaxforgenericlambdaexpressions.“
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A.[Data, Kirk, Spock]B.[Spock, Kirk, Data, Data, Kirk, Spock]C.[Spock, Kirk, Data]D.[Data, Data, Kirk, Kirk, Spock, Spock]E.Are you nuts? Won’t compile! Data with
Kirk?!
List<String> list = Stream.of("Spock", "Kirk", "Data", "Data", "Kirk", "Spock").sequential()
.filter(new TreeSet<>()::add).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(list);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A.[Data, Kirk, Spock]B.[Spock, Kirk, Data, Data, Kirk, Spock]C.[Spock, Kirk, Data]D.[Data, Data, Kirk, Kirk, Spock, Spock]E.Are you nuts? Won’t compile! Data with
Kirk?!
List<String> list = Stream.of("Spock", "Kirk", "Data", "Data", "Kirk", "Spock").sequential()
.filter(new TreeSet<>()::add).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(list);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A.[Data, Kirk, Spock]B.[Spock, Kirk, Data, Data, Kirk, Spock]C.[Spock, Kirk, Data]D.[Data, Data, Kirk, Kirk, Spock, Spock]E.Are you nuts? Won’t compile! Data with
Kirk?!
List<String> list = Stream.of("Spock", "Kirk", "Data", "Data", "Kirk", "Spock").sequential()
.filter(new TreeSet<>()::add).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(list);
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
filter(new TreeSet<>()::add) filter(i -> new TreeSet<>().add(i))!=
Newinstanceiscreatedeverytime!
Instancemethodiscreatedonce!
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. obvious / obviousB. obvious / NullPointerExceptionC. NullPointerException / obviousD. NullPointerException / NullPointerException
Optional.of("obvious").orElseGet(null);Optional.empty().map(null).orElse("obvious");
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. obvious / obviousB. obvious / NullPointerExceptionC. NullPointerException / obviousD. NullPointerException / NullPointerException
Optional.of("obvious").orElseGet(null);Optional.empty().map(null).orElse("obvious");
WillneverhappenWillneverhappen
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. obvious / obviousB. obvious / NullPointerExceptionC. NullPointerException / obviousD. NullPointerException / NullPointerException
Optional.of("obvious").orElseGet(null);Optional.empty().map(null).orElse("obvious");
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
A. AllB. 3 and 4C. Only 3D. Other
1. Consumer<String> agentA = s -> System.out.println(s);Consumer<String> agentB = s -> System.out.println(s);
2. Consumer<String> agentA = System.out::println;Consumer<String> agentB = System.out::println;
3. Supplier<Consumer<String>> supplier = () -> s -> System.out.println(s);Consumer<String> agentA = supplier.get();Consumer<String> agentB = supplier.get();
4. Supplier<Consumer<String>> supplier = () -> System.out::println;Consumer<String> agentA = supplier.get();Consumer<String> agentB = supplier.get();
When agentA == agentB?
A. AllB. 3 and 4C. Only 3D. Other
1. Consumer<String> agentA = s -> System.out.println(s);Consumer<String> agentB = s -> System.out.println(s);
2. Consumer<String> agentA = System.out::println;Consumer<String> agentB = System.out::println;
3. Supplier<Consumer<String>> supplier = () -> s -> System.out.println(s);Consumer<String> agentA = supplier.get();Consumer<String> agentB = supplier.get();
4. Supplier<Consumer<String>> supplier = () -> System.out::println;Consumer<String> agentA = supplier.get();Consumer<String> agentB = supplier.get();
When agentA == agentB?
Reuse is only possible for pure functions
Consumers accept parameters == have state
Supplier in 4 has state – the resolved method reference
@jbaruch@gamussa #DevoxxUS http://jfrog.com/shownotes
-Write readable code!-Comment all the tricks-Sometimes it’s just a bug-Static code analysis FTW -IntelliJ IDEA!-RTFM!-Don’t abuse lambdas and streams!
-Trust us, we have much more where those came from.
-Puzzlers? Gotchas? Fetal position inducing behavior?