Jason, Joey, Danie, Sara

term4 Spring 06

•Personal safety in the production lab

•Using hand tools

•Using portable power tools

•Using machinery

•The proposal

•Resources

•Safety in the lab

•Safety in the lab continued

• Always wear Safety Glasses • Do not put hands near blades• Don’t wear loose clothing • Tie back hair• no horse play • No mp3 or music in lab

• Listen to all instructions

• No food or water in lab

• Do not crowd a work area

• Do not use machines you do not know how to use

• Do not go past yellow line before end of class

• No running in the lab

•Measuring Tools •Wrenches•Screwdrivers•Metalworking tools

Measuring Tools • There are many different tools

used for measuring like• Triangles,• sliding bevel,• tape measure, • squares,• steel rules,• levels• And many more…

• Triangles are available in different shapes and sizes and in various materials.

• A double 45° and a 30° - 60° are the two most popular sizes used in laying out patterns

The sliding bevel is made up of two parts, the stock and the blade. The stock is usually made from rosewood and the blade is made from steel. The blade can be adjusted to a variety of angles and be locked in position you want. This is useful when a line has to be marked at an angle on wood.

How to use a sliding bevel:

Hold stock firming against wood and loosen lock so the angle of the blade can change. Tighten lock so angle of blade can’t be altered accidentally and mark a line at the correct angle. Remove the sliding bevel and cut the wood.

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• The tape measure is one of the most common tools used to measure distance. This tapes are made of steel, fiberglass or plastic and their length vary from 1 to 200 meters.  

• Steel tapes will be more accurate than the other types of tape measures but are less flexible and more prone to damage when being used.

Squares are used to layout and measure almost everything in the construction of a house from the basement stairs up to the attic rafters. It is also known as a steel square or a carpenters square. The most common size has a 24” blade and a 16" tongue. There are smaller sizes available but just like some cheaper versions of the larger style they do not have the framing tables stamped on them.

• A good quality steel rule has many uses such as drawing plans, measuring material, checking if glue ups are flat, and aligning table saw wings. They are available in various lengths, some have the markings starting from the edge, others are indented. The indented ruler are better for precise measurements due to damage to the ruler will not affect the reading.

Levels are available in many sizes and shapes, the most common size is 24" long. They are made of wood, aluminum or plastic. Some levels have fixed vials, while others are adjustable. All levels have one or more vials for vertical and horizontal use and some have 45 degree vials. Inside the vial is a liquid with an air bubble. When the bubble is centered between the two indicator lines the surface is level.

• Wrenches are used in the

assembly of projects and to make adjustments to tools. The main wrenches are:

Adjustable wrench

Allen wrench

Box end

Combination wrench

Open end

Socket wrench

Adjustable wrench

• The Adjustable wrench is known as "one size fits all”. The bottom jaw moves by turning a knurl, so can fit the nut. These wrenches are available in many different sizes. When using this wrench, the movable jaw should always face the direction of which you are turning the wrench.

• These are hexagon shaped wrenches bent a right angle that fit into allen head bolts or set screws. Allen wrenches come in may different sizes and are usually sold together.

• The box on this wrench completely surrounds the nut. They usually only have twelve points so the wrench can be reset after rotating. Each box on the wrench is a different size the wrench will fit two sizes of nuts.

• Each end of this wrench is open, this wrench is made to fit close corners. Each end is a different size so one wrench fits two sizes of nuts.

• The Combination Wrench is a combination of an Open End Wrench and a Box End Wrench. This wrench is one of the most popular type of wrenches used by the home mechanic and handyman.

• Socket wrenches are usually purchased in sets that include different sized sockets, a ratchet handle and extensions.

Screwdrivers• Screwdrivers are use to

insert and tighten or loosen and remove screws.

Flat slot

Phillips

Robertson

Flat slot• Flat slots are assorted

sizes. They aren’t as popular they used to be but are still necessary to any builder. It’s extremely important they you have the right size to fit the head of the screw or it will slip out.

Phillips• Phillips screwdrivers are

design to not slip out while they are driving the screw into the material. The “x” of the screwdrivers tip insures that the screwdriver will not slip out of the screw but to use this driver you have to get the Phillips style screws.

Robertson

• The Robertson Screwdriver is also know as socket head screwdriver. This is the most popular screwdriver in Canada and it’s become more popular in U.S. The have all the same advantages of a Phillips Screwdriver and more.

Metalworking tools

• This are some of the tools used in Metal working field.

• Hammer

• File

• Pliers

• Hand scraper

• Tongs

Hammer

• Hammers are used to deliver blows to the target or to deform. They are most often used to hammer in nails, fitting parts or breaking things apart. There are many types of hammers such as claw, ball-peen, or mallets.

File

• file also know as a hand-file is used to shape material by wearing away at it. Files are usually shape like a steel bar and have crisscrossing on it with a point (tang) on one end to attach to a handle. Files come in a variety of size, shape and tooth size.

Pliers

• Pliers are used to grip objects and are design for many uses.There are five types of pliers. There are side cutters (used to cut electrical wires), Bent needle nose (used in cramp area), Needle nose (used to get in hard to reach areas), Lineman’s(used to cut and bend wires), and Slip knot (most commonly used. Has built in wire cutters).

Hand Scraper

• Hand scraper is used to scrap metal from a surface. Hand scrapers are a single-edge tools. There are three types of scrapers. They are flat scraper ( used to make surface plate), three corner scraper is usually used to smooth holes and or the surface), and curved scraper (used to bush bearings).

Tongs

Tongs are used to grip and lift objects. Tongs come in many different shape and sizes. There are three different classes of tongs, they are:

• Tongs with long arms and small circular gripers.

• Tongs made up of a single band of metal bent around or two bands joint together at the head by a spring.

• Tongs in which the pivot/joint is place close to he griping end.

Portable Power Tools

• Hot Glue Gun• Pneumatic Tools• Electric Drill• Jig Saw• Circular Saw• Routers• Electric Sander

• A tool that heats up a solid stick of glue to a liquid form and it is released through a nozzle when you pull the trigger. You can get a hot glue gun with or with a cord.

• Pneumatic Tools are tools that use compress air to operate. Some of the different type of this tools are drills, grinder, sander, screwdriver, haw saw and many other tools.

• There are two types types of drill corded and cordless drills, both perform the same task. Electric Drills drill holes but you can also get special attachments for them to make the sand, mix paints, screw, grind, and many other task.

• Jig saw also known as saber saw, is used to cut curved objects in the wood. It is used more artistic measures than other saws because of it’s ability to cut on a curve. This saw was used to make the first jig-saw puzzle.

• Circular Saws maybe handheld or mounted to a table to cut wood. Circular saws is a saw with metal teeth on the edge so when the the saw spins it cuts wood, metal or plastic. This saws can be used by right or lefty handed person depending which side the blade is on.

• Routers are used to hollow out an area on a piece of wood and used used by staircases makers and other jobs. A router is a hand plane with a metal blade that is project into to wood. There are different types of blades for the router depending what shape you want hollowed out.

• Sanders are used to sand down finished wood to make it smooth. The types of sanders are belt, disk, drum, and pad. All of these sanders come in different sizes. How hard the sanders grinds on the wood depends on the grit of the sandpaper you are using.

• Table Saw

• Belt & Disc Sander

• Grinder

• Scroll Saw

• Mig, Tig, Arch Welders

• Drill Press

• Band Saw

• Jointer

• Thickness Planer

• Compound Miter Saw

•It is a non-portable drill

•It use a spinning lever to bring the drill

bit down

•Make sure the drill is set up to go do

through the hole in the table

•Make sure the drill bit can reach the

piece of wood you are drilling

•Do not put hand over the hole of the

table when drilling it can really hurt

•The band saw uses a thin long saw blade the rotates in an oval shape inside the machine except one small part that cuts the wood

•Do not go on tight angles when cutting

•Do not pull back on wood when cutting

•No loose clothing near blade

•Make sure to use the wood guide

•Use scrap wood to push other small scraps of wood away from the blade

•Be careful of your fingers

•Use a stick of wood to push your wood through the jointer

•Put pressure on wood when pushing through

•Do not put wood on top of the blade when turning on

•Keep the wood against the guard rail

•Do not shove wood through planer

•Guide wood through the planer

•Do not get hands too close when guiding the wood

•Make sure to pull out wood at the end

•If the board is long get someone to help one on each end

•Make sure to hold wood against the guide

•Do not cut wood pieces too short for you to cut safely

•Make sure safety mechanisms are locked

•The compound miter saw is also called a chop saw

•It is like a non-portable circular saw except you bring the blade down on the wood

•It has a guard to protect the saw when it is up

•You can adjust it to many different angles

•The table saw is also like a circular saw but you move the wood instead of the saw

•Be sure to keep the wood against the guide

•Make sure guides are locked in place

•Make sure blade is at right height

•Be aware of where your fingers are at when cutting

•Have blade locked in place when cutting

•When your fingers get too close use a scrap piece of wood to push it through

•Be sure to sand things on the left side of the disc sander

•Have a tight grip on wood when using belt sander

•Always have wood against the guards and guides

•Do not sand small pieces of wood it can hurt your fingers

•Makes sure guides are locked

•If sander is not working well try changing sand paper

•Make sure the guard is down when using

•Watch your fingers when using grinder

•Use light to help you see what your grinding

•Beware of the other grinder side when using

•Only use metal on grinder

•Place metal on platform when grinding

•Scroll saw can do curved cuts

•Make sure to have the guard down on the wood tight

•Make sure to have relief cuts in wood

•Don’t try to stop blade with wood

•Do not pull wood out when cutting

•Do not make extremely sharp cuts

•Watch out for the arm moving up and down

•Keep wood on platform

•Mig, Tig, and Arch Welder weld metal together by heating up metal and melting it together.

• make sure to wear protective face mash or you could go blind!

•Only weld metal and make sure you weld the right metal

•Welds on metal are very strong

•They use welder on robotic arms for manufacturing metal parts for all kinds of things

First Stage Robotic Arm

Our Hydraulic Systems and Electric Circuit

• We have two hydraulic systems one to lift the arm up and down and one to open and close the claw.

• Our electric system is a Kenex motor turns the robotic arm left and right

• The light bulb lights up when he tinfoil ping pong ball is dropped into stand B and completes the circuit from the battery to the light bulb.

To use our machine there is three controls you need to know.

First is the electric motor control that makes the are move back and forth. You use the switch on the top of the remote and push it left to make the arm go left and push it right to

move it right.

Then you have the hydraulic syringe tat move the arm up and down, it controls the height. Push it into make the arm move

up pull it out to make the arm move down,

Finally we have the second hydraulic syringe that opens and closes the claw that picks up the ball. You push it in to close

the claw and pull it out to open the claw.

And that is how you operate our fine piece of machinery.

The problem was to move a ball from point A to point B. point A must be 10cm away from it and must be 10cm taller or shorter than point B. also a circuit must be made somewhere in the project. There must be at least one hydraulic syringe in it. And the arm cannot be higher than 1 foot from the base up and cannot be over 1 foot wide

We solved this by making a robotic arm with a syringe to move it up and down and to close the claw and a motor to move it. We had the ball connect a circuit light up a light bulb when we place it at point B and it all worked.

Improvements

with our robotic arm there are only two improvements needed on it and they are a slower motor and a stronger Battery.

We need a slower motor because the Kenex Motor we are using moves to fast and it past over point B and we could stop it in time to counter this problem we used wood to stop it from pasting over the two points.

We need a stronger battery because the one we are using right doesn’t fully light up the light bulb.

•Google

•Lockview

•Microsoft PowerPoint

•Computers

•Wikipedia