Jasmine Williams, MPH, CHES Asthma Program Coordinator
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Transcript of Jasmine Williams, MPH, CHES Asthma Program Coordinator
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Jasmine Williams, MPH, CHESAsthma Program Coordinator
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Our MissionTo saves lives by preventing lung diseaseand promoting lung health through:
• Education• Advocacy • Research
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What is Asthma?
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Asthma……Chronic life- long inflammatory condition that makes it hard to get air in and out of the lungs
Asthma causes three primary changes in the lungs:• Inflammation or swelling• Tightening of the muscles around the airways• Excess mucous production
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Normal Airway vs. Asthmatic Airway
CAACP, 2004
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What Causes Asthma??
WE DON’T REALLY KNOW!!!Complex Interaction between:
• Genetics Factors- children are more likely to develop asthma if their parents have it
• Environmental Factors – exposure to some viral infections as infants when the immune system is not fully developed may cause asthma
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Asthma Remains a Serious Health Risk in the US
12.3 million people have an asthma attack
2 million people visit an emergency room due to
asthma
500,000 people are admitted to the hospital due to
asthma
11 people die from
asthma
Every day in America, approximately…
American Lung Association. Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, Research & Program Services Division. Trends in Asthma Morbidity & Mortality. November 2007. www.lungusa.org. Accessed 2/25/08.
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• Childhood asthma accounts for 12.8 million days missed from school annually • The number-one chronic
condition causing children to be absent from school and the third highest ranked cause of pediatric hospitalizations in the United States
• On average, a child with asthma will miss one full week of school each year
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Burden of Asthma in MS• 1 in every 14 adults have asthma
• More women than men (8% v. 5%)
• 1 in every 10 children have asthma• More African American children than Caucasian children
(13% v. 8%)• More boys than girls (12% v. 8%)
Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2007
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are likely to have asthma.*
On average, 3 children in a classroom of 30
*Epidemiology and Statistics Unit. Trends in Asthma Morbidity and Mortality. NYC: ALA, July 2006.
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Provide a Safe Environment
• By learning early warning signs and symptoms of an asthma episodes
• By learning asthma triggers and ways to reduce exposure
• By encouraging students to take asthma medications regularly or as prescribed by a healthcare professional
• By learning to act in the event of an asthma emergency
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Asthma Signs & Symptoms
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Early Warning Signs• Sudden mood changes and/or irritability• Trouble completing sentences without gasping for
breath• Itchy chin or neck• Runny or stuffy nose, sneezing• Watery, itchy eyes• Stomach ache/poor appetite • Dark circles under the eyes
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Asthma SymptomsWhat to Listen for…
• Coughing or a persistent cough• Frequent clearing of the throat• Irregular breathing• Noisy, difficult breathing• Wheezing during exhaling
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Asthma SymptomsWhat to Look for…
• Anxious or scared look• Unusual facial paleness• Flared nostrils• Pursed-lip breathing• Fast breathing/shortness
of breath• Hunched-over body
position
Perspiring Vomiting due to
hyperventilation Restlessness during
sleep Fatigue that is not
related to activity
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Asthma Triggers
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Asthma TriggersAllergens• Substances that
cause allergic reactions
• Exposure increases airway inflammation and asthma symptoms
Irritants• Substances
that irritate the lungs • Exposure increases
asthma symptoms or limits airflow
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Animal allergens
Dust mites
Cockroach allergens
Indoor fungi
Tobacco smoke
Common Asthma Triggers
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All warm-blooded animals produce flakes of skin (dander), feces, urine and dried saliva that can cause allergic reactions.
• Best option - Keep animals out of classroom• Wash hands after contact with the pet• Isolate the pet
Animal AllergensAsthma Triggers: Allergens
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• Require humidity and human (skin) dander to survive
• High levels are found in bedding, pillows, mattress, upholstered furniture, carpets, clothes and soft toys
Dust MitesAsthma Triggers: Allergens
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Asthma Triggers: PollenPollens can cause the following symptoms: itchy watery eyes, runny nose,
itchy throat, hives, fatigue, and irritability.
Asthma triggers found outdoors are harder to control.
Try:• Watching pollen levels. Pollen levels vary by
seasons. Find out which seasons affect students the most.
• Keep windows closed on high pollen-days as well as avoid outside activity.
• Have parents talk with their child’s doctor about medications that can help reduce symptoms.
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Asthma Triggers: Mold
Mold or Fungus is found nearly everywhere in the environment. It poses serious health risk to students and staff, especially those with asthma.
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Asthma Triggers: CockroachTiny pieces of dead roaches and roach droppings end up in dust and the air we breathe.
Its important to make sure classrooms and other school spaces are free of pest because exposure to such pest can lead to:
• Stuffy nose• Coughing• Wheezing• A feeling of chest tightness• Shortness of breathe
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Asthma Triggers: Food Allergies
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Asthma Triggers: Irritants
Gases & SmokeKerosene Heaters
Wood StovesFireplaces
VOCsHairspray
Cooking spray Furniture polish
Perfumes Paint
Tobacco smoke
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Asthma Triggers: SmokeExposure to any type of smoke – cigarette, cigar and secondhand smoke, wood, coal, leaf burning, industrial waste, chemistry labs and or kitchen smoke can all irritate the lungs.
Reduce exposure by:• Preventing smoking on or around school
campus • Encouraging and helping parents,
faculty, and staff to quit smoking
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Asthma Triggers: Irritants
• Air pollution
• Chemicals and strong smells
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Other Asthma Triggers
• Colds, flu, sinus problems• Exercise• Bursts of emotion• Some medicines in sensitive individuals• Anxiety• Obesity
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Metered-Dose
Inhaler (MDI)
Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI)
Spacer/Holding
Chamber
Spacer/Holding
Chamber and Face
Mask
Nebulizer
Inhaled Medication Delivery Devices
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Long-Term Control Medicines • Also called “controllers”
• Prevent lung inflammation, but will not help during an asthma attack
• Must be taken for several days before positive effects are noted
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Quick-Relief Medicines • Also called “rescue or relievers”
• Relax the muscles around the airways and decrease the narrowing of the airways
• Provide immediate relief lasting several hours
• Used to prevent and treat Exercise Induced Asthma
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Medications to Treat Asthma:Nebulizer
• Machine produces a mist of the medication
• Used for small children or for severe asthma episodes
• No evidence that it is more effective than an inhaler used with a spacer
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Take Action
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Asthma Action Plan
Green zone - when symptoms are controlledYellow zone – when symptoms are presentRed zone – when symptoms do not go away or get worse
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Emergency Response during Asthma EpisodeIf student has excessive coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, or chest tightness:
• Help to an upright position; speak calmly and reassuringly• Follow individualized action/emergency plan for use of quick-relief inhaler• If quick-relief inhaler or action/emergency plan not available, send to health
office accompanied by peer or with staff member• Get emergency help from school nurse or designated emergency staff if any
of the following: Inhaler not helping Breathing hard & fast Nostrils open wide Can’t walk or talk well
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Questions
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We will breathe easier when the air in everyAmerican community is clean and healthy.
We will breathe easier when people are free from the addictivegrip of cigarettes and the debilitating effects of lung disease.
We will breathe easier when the air in our public spaces andworkplaces is clear of secondhand smoke.
We will breathe easier when children no longerbattle airborne poisons or fear an asthma attack.
Until then, we are fighting for air.
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For more information, contact:American Lung Association in Mississippi
Jasmine Williams, MPH, CHESAsthma Program Coordinator