Jasman and Jonathan

THE HISTORY OF ARGENTINA

Important datesImportant dates

The land of Argentina was found in 1538 by Domingo The land of Argentina was found in 1538 by Domingo Martinez de Irala. Martinez de Irala.

The city of Buenos Aires was founded in 1580. The city of Buenos Aires was founded in 1580. War breaks out between rebels and the Colonial War breaks out between rebels and the Colonial

Government of Spain in 1810 with the revolution of May.Government of Spain in 1810 with the revolution of May. Independence Declared July 9, 1816 by the congress of Independence Declared July 9, 1816 by the congress of

Tucuman.Tucuman. Great Britain officially recognized Argentine independence in Great Britain officially recognized Argentine independence in

1825 with signing of the 1825 with signing of the Treaty of of Friendship, commerce, Treaty of of Friendship, commerce, and Navigationand Navigation..

1829 Juan Manuel de Rosas was declared Governor of 1829 Juan Manuel de Rosas was declared Governor of Buenos Aires.Buenos Aires.

Economics Economics

In 1870, a wave of foreign investment from Europe led to In 1870, a wave of foreign investment from Europe led to the development of modern agriculture and helped the development of modern agriculture and helped strengthen Argentina's economy. strengthen Argentina's economy.

Cattle ranches and sheep farms makes Argentina’s biggest Cattle ranches and sheep farms makes Argentina’s biggest export of food. export of food.

The production of Cattle meat and the export of it helped The production of Cattle meat and the export of it helped give rise to Argentina’s dominance in South Americas give rise to Argentina’s dominance in South Americas economy. economy.

Buenos Aires became the main trading port of Argentina Buenos Aires became the main trading port of Argentina

Politics Politics

Buenos Aires became the capital of Argentina. Buenos Aires became the capital of Argentina. The first president of Argentina in 1826 was Bernardino The first president of Argentina in 1826 was Bernardino

Rivadavia.Rivadavia. Shortly after he resigned Civil War broke out. Shortly after he resigned Civil War broke out. In 1829 a new president arose. Juan Manuel de Rosas was In 1829 a new president arose. Juan Manuel de Rosas was

elected for a three year term as a Federalist. Later he elected for a three year term as a Federalist. Later he became known as the savior of Argentina.became known as the savior of Argentina.

In 1835 he became the first dictator of Argentina. In 1835 he became the first dictator of Argentina.

Social History and Social History and Culture Culture Argentina’s main religion is and was Roman-Catholic.Argentina’s main religion is and was Roman-Catholic. Most Argentines are mostly of European descent. Most Argentines are mostly of European descent. Between the 1850s and 1940, more than 3.5 million Between the 1850s and 1940, more than 3.5 million

immigrants arrived in Argentina.immigrants arrived in Argentina. Argentines are fiercely nationalistic and also have a sense of Argentines are fiercely nationalistic and also have a sense of

individuality that derives from the mythical figure of the individuality that derives from the mythical figure of the Gaucho. Gaucho.

Argentines believe in being open, frank, and direct, but also Argentines believe in being open, frank, and direct, but also take pride in being tactful and diplomatic. take pride in being tactful and diplomatic.

Goat CorralGoat Corral ( (Fernando FaderFernando Fader, 1926)., 1926).

IMPORTANT PEOPLEIMPORTANT PEOPLE

Simon Bolivar: Liberator of South America.Simon Bolivar: Liberator of South America. Jose de San Martin: the Liberator of Argentina.Jose de San Martin: the Liberator of Argentina. Juan Manuel de Rosas: Governor of Buenos Aires Province, Juan Manuel de Rosas: Governor of Buenos Aires Province,

and a dictator. Ruled from 1829-1832, then 1835-1852.and a dictator. Ruled from 1829-1832, then 1835-1852. Bernardino Rivadavia: the first president of Argentina; Feb Bernardino Rivadavia: the first president of Argentina; Feb

8,1826- July 7,1827.8,1826- July 7,1827. Justo Jose de Urquiza: the man who defeated Rosas and Justo Jose de Urquiza: the man who defeated Rosas and

became the third president. From March 5, 1854- March 4, became the third president. From March 5, 1854- March 4, 1860.1860.

Background Background

The Spanish Empire established the Viceroyalty of the Rio de The Spanish Empire established the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata in 1776. la Plata in 1776.

Viceroyalty was short-lived because lack of internal cohesion Viceroyalty was short-lived because lack of internal cohesion among the many regions and the lack of the Crown support.among the many regions and the lack of the Crown support.

Napoleon’s invasion of Spain, which brought the Spanish Napoleon’s invasion of Spain, which brought the Spanish crown down in the mainland Europe, but not in the rest of crown down in the mainland Europe, but not in the rest of the colonies.the colonies.

The Creoles that did go to Europe brought back ideas and The Creoles that did go to Europe brought back ideas and ideals of the Enlightenment thinking.ideals of the Enlightenment thinking.

The building of a The building of a Nation & post Nation Nation & post Nation After independence, Argentina had serve political infighting After independence, Argentina had serve political infighting

among those vying for power. among those vying for power. One of the nation’s main exports such as the salted beef One of the nation’s main exports such as the salted beef

helped provide Argentina with major contracts with other helped provide Argentina with major contracts with other nations.nations.

After many years under a dictatorship of the newly After many years under a dictatorship of the newly established government we see that new rebellions break established government we see that new rebellions break out against the regime. out against the regime.

As with the progression of Argentina’s newly formed As with the progression of Argentina’s newly formed government. It goes through a ever changing forms.government. It goes through a ever changing forms.

An to consolidate their strength in South America Argentina An to consolidate their strength in South America Argentina had gone to war over territory, wealth, and power.had gone to war over territory, wealth, and power.

Current statuses Current statuses Argentina has gone through many Coups that has brought it to its Argentina has gone through many Coups that has brought it to its

knees with militaristic dictatorships and corrupt officials, also knees with militaristic dictatorships and corrupt officials, also military juntas. military juntas.

Main export is still beef production that comes from the ranches. Main export is still beef production that comes from the ranches. Argentina’s official population estimate of 2009 is 40,134,425. Argentina’s official population estimate of 2009 is 40,134,425. It has one of the best economies of south America.It has one of the best economies of south America. It is still heavily almost 90% of the population is still Roman catholic.It is still heavily almost 90% of the population is still Roman catholic. The form of government that it has now is a democracy.The form of government that it has now is a democracy.

Bibliography Bibliography

Lewis K. Daniel. Lewis K. Daniel. The History of ArgentinaThe History of Argentina. Connecticut: Greenwood . Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2001. This source helped us with the timeline and charts. Press, 2001. This source helped us with the timeline and charts.

A History of the Argentine RepublicA History of the Argentine Republic. London: Cambridge at the UP, . London: Cambridge at the UP, 1931. Print. This source helped us find the beginning history of 1931. Print. This source helped us find the beginning history of Argentina.Argentina.

A Brief History of ArgentinaA Brief History of Argentina. New York: University of Texas at Austin, . New York: University of Texas at Austin, 2003. Print. This source helped us with finding out the main exports 2003. Print. This source helped us with finding out the main exports of Argentina.of Argentina.

Foster, David William. Foster, David William. Culture and customs Culture and customs ofof Argentina Argentina. Westport, . Westport, Conn: Greenwood, 1998. Print. This source was helpful because it Conn: Greenwood, 1998. Print. This source was helpful because it helped us with the Argentinean culture.helped us with the Argentinean culture.

Shumway, Nicolas. Shumway, Nicolas. Invention of ArgentinaInvention of Argentina. Berkeley: University of . Berkeley: University of California, 1991. Print. This source helped us with finding Argentina's California, 1991. Print. This source helped us with finding Argentina's nation building.nation building.

"Argentina -." "Argentina -." Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaWikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 03 . Web. 03 Nov. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina>. This Nov. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina>. This website helped us with current statuses.website helped us with current statuses.