Japan’s Initiatives for Gender Balance in Science and ...

Copyright © 2014 JST All rights reserved. 1

Japan’s Initiatives for Gender Balance

in Science and Technology

Miyoko O. Watanabe

Japan Science and Technology Agency

1

Sept. 20, 2014 Career Ways in Science & Academic

in Germany & Japan


Contents

1. Diversity & Inclusion in JST

2. Government Growth Strategy --Promoting active participation by women --

3. Women in Science & Technology in Japan

4. Women’s Contribution

to New Products & System

3 Copyright © 2014 JST All rights reserved.

Cabinet Office Minister of State for S&T Policy

Universities

Independent Administrative Institutions

(IAIs)

Prime Minister

Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI) 1. Investigation and deliberation on basic policy relating to S&T 2. Investigation and deliberation concerning the policy for allocation of S&T related budget, human resources, etc. 3 Evaluation of nationally important R&D 4 Investigation and deliberation on comprehensive improvement of environment to promote innovation by application of R&D outcomes Science Council of Japan (SCJ)

Ministry of Economy, Trade, Industry &Tourism

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure & Transport

Ministry of Environment

Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communications

Ministry of Health, Labor & Welfare

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, S&T(MEXT)

☞ JST is a core executing agency of

the National S&T Basic Plan.

Science and Technology Administrative System in Japan


JST’s Diversity and Inclusion

【Vision】 Contribution of diversity & inclusion to creation of new value

【Mission】 Promoting diversity and inclusion of human resources, career,

ways of working, resulting in their full potential of all employees

【Background】

(1) Labor force in Japan is forecasted to decrease to 8.72 million people

（▲13.3％）by 2030

(2) Diversity is needed to create innovation

(3) Female researcher ratio is still low

10.6% 11.9% 13.6% 14.4%

30.0%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

2000 2005 2010 2013 2020 aim

change of female researcher ratio

2020

target

16.6%

extension

Gap! over 60

15-29


Strategy of Diversity Promotion

① Proposal to

MEXT and CSTI

-Towards the

development of

fifth Science &

Technology Basic

Plan

③Action to

partners

-Funding for

life events

-Increase in

female ratio

in committees

②Action in JST

Diversity of

human

resources

Diversity of

ways of

working

・Promotion of

women, young

& foreign

employees

・Setting advisory board

・Launch of website

・Workshops for exchanging opinions for diversity

Diversity of

career

・Human resource

development

・Mentor to

female managers

・Global training

・Flexible &

efficient work

・Telework

・Working hours

Achievement of Vision and Mission

Data analysis hearing questionnaire


Structure of Diversity and Inclusion

President

（ Dr. M. NAKAMURA）

Executive Director

（Mr. S. OHTAKE）

Office for Diversity and Inclusion

Director

（Dr. Miyoko O. WATANABE）

Advisory Board of JST

Diversity and Inclusion

Activity

1. Target setting of female ratio and release ・2016 : Executive14% (1/7), Manager13% (21/158)

・2020 : Executive 30% (2/7), Manager 30% (47/158)

(present: Executive 0% (0/7), Manager 7.6% (12/158))

2. Proposal of measures for 2015 budget to MEXT

3. Proposal of policy for 5th S&T Basic Plan to CSTI

4. Global collaboration WECC2015 in Kyoto in 2015, Gender summit in Korea in 2015


Contents







Japanese Economic Policy

Japanese Economic Policy: Abe + Economics ⇒ Abenomics Speech on Growth Strategy by Prime Minister Abe April 19, 2013 May 17, 2013 June 5, 2013 : : September 3, 2014 September 12, 2014


Make an approach for individual corporation to promote women in positions such as directors & managers---

Coordinate to establish the subsidy program for corporate working on a capacity improvement of workers on a child-care leave & returning to work, & ---

Establish the subsidy program for ---

Drive forward an urgent PJ “accelerating the zero childcare waiting list PJ---

“Accelerating the zero childcare waiting list PJ” efforts by new system of child/child-care support

Increase promotion /appointment of women in national public officer--

The promotion for female workers in leading positions to at least 30% until 2020

Securing childcare arrangements for 20,000 children in FY2013&2014 (24,825 in 2012)

Aim at zero childcare waiting list by FY2017

Make workers taking a childcare leave: 13% in 2020 (2.6% in 2011)

Progress Schedule

for Promoting Active Participation by Women

From Government HP


Contents







History of Science and Technology Basic Plan

1st

1996-2000

The plans are determined by Science and Technology Basic Law (1995) 2 steps to draw up the basic plan 1) Council for S&T Policy (CSTP) deliberates the basic policy about S&T 2) Government formulates and decides a basic plan.

2nd

2001-2005 3rd

2006-2010 4th

2011-2015 5th

2016-2020


The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan

Ⅰ. Basic Concept

・The unprecedented crisis in Japan & change in the world

Ⅱ. Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal

Development into the Future

Ⅲ. Key Challenges to the Priority Issues Facing Japan

Ⅳ. Enhancing Basic Research & Human Resource

Development ・Promoting the active involvement of female researchers

Ⅴ. Development of Policy Created together with Society


Organization for Promoting S&T in Japan

Science Council of Japan

(SCJ)

Chain: Prof. Ohnishi

210 council members

2000 members

Council for Science &

Technology Policy (CSTP)

Chair: Mr. Abe

6 Cabinet & 8 Executive Members (academia/industry)

Cabinet office

Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communications

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

Ministry of Environment

Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Ministry of Defense

Council

Council

Council

Council

Council

Council

Council

Council

Council


Female Ratio in S&T Organizations

Science Council of Japan (SCJ) Council for Science & Technology Policy(CSTP)

36%

20%

14%

23%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Humanitiesand SocialSciences

Life Sciences PhysicalSciences andEngineering

Total

Fem

ale

rati

o

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

Fe

ma

le r

ati

o

Council in Ministry

29% 25% 27%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Fem

ale

rati

o


Female ration in Committee：13.4％（42/313）

Female ratio in Chair：40％（8/20）← 3 times

Committee Members & Chair at SCJ

・Government decision of female ratio target （22% in FY2015) in the 3rd basic plan

for gender equality on Dec. 17, 2010

・Chairs are chosen by co-optation

Fe

ma

le r

ati

o

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Science & Technology Life Science

◆ Female Committee Chair


Gender measure affects Economics

GEM in the world

Japan

-35%

-30%

-25%

-20%

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

General companies Advanced companies

CA

GR

of

pro

fit

(20

07

-20

12

)

General companies

Advanced Companies for Women

activities

-30%

13%

Profit growth rate in Japan

Data by Mr.Atsumi in Fujitsu Res. Inst.


Japanese Active Women Abroad

Japanese Women have Global-perspective

# of staff at UN & Female ratio Female ration inside/outside Japan

76% 67%

59%

25%

50% 47%

14% 7% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

High-school University Staff/Researher Senior staff/Prof.

Fem

ale

rati

o

Study abroad/UN

Domestic

56%

47%

48% 51% 59% 39%

54% 15% 41% 53%

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

# o

f st

aff

Women

Men


Female Ratio of undergraduate students

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Fe

ma

le R

ati

o

From School Basic Survey 2013


GEM & GGI in the world

GEM: Gender Empowerment Measure

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Swed

en

No

rway

Fin

lan

d

Den

mar

k

Net

her

lan

d

Ger

man

y

Can

ada

UK

Fran

ce

USA

Ital

y

Jap

an

Ru

ssia

Ko

rea

Ch

ina

1 2 3 4 5 9 12 15 17 18 21 57 60 61 70

GEM

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Icel

and

No

rway

Fin

lan

d

Swed

en

New

Zea

lan

d

Ger

man

y

UK

USA

Can

ada

Ru

ssia

Fran

ce

Ch

ina

Ital

y

Jap

an

Ko

rea

1 2 3 4 5 13 15 19 20 45 46 61 74 94104

GG

M

GGI: Gender Gap Index


56.9%

18.9% 18.8%

14.1%

8.0%

5.7% 2.1%

3.5%

14.0%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Female ratio: Target & As Ever

10.6% 11.9% 13.6% 14.4%

16.6%

30.0%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

2000年 2005年 2010年 2013年 2020年

予測値

2020年

目標

Change of Female ration in researchers 目標値

Gap 13.4％

GAP from

2020 target（30.0%)

：13.4％

New measures needed

Extension of as ever

: Increase by 2.2％

（Estimated in 2020

：16.6%）

Female ration of

Assoc. Prof.- President

10.6%

Female ratio in

Leading Positions≧30％

New measures

for Leading Positions

needed Leading Position

Fe

ma

le r

ati

o

2020

target 2020

estimated 2013 2010 2005 2000

target

Female Ratio in National Universities


Contents







Characteristics of Women’s R&D

Women engineers & scientists are good at ・・・

Consumer friendly

New ideas & concept

Low-carbon

contribution

Communication

We should more contribute to growth of

society in the future.

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