Japan and the Pacific Rim. Development Industrial advances Industrial advances Agricultural advances...
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Transcript of Japan and the Pacific Rim. Development Industrial advances Industrial advances Agricultural advances...
Japan Japan and the Pacific Rimand the Pacific Rim
DevelopmentDevelopment
Industrial advancesIndustrial advances Agricultural advancesAgricultural advances Population growth (social stress)Population growth (social stress) Quick recovery from DepressionQuick recovery from Depression
• Export boomExport boom• Military buildupMilitary buildup
Self-sufficient in machine tools and Self-sufficient in machine tools and scientific equipmentscientific equipment
Political crisis/militarismPolitical crisis/militarism
Political experiments during 1920sPolitical experiments during 1920s Military leaders attempt to take more Military leaders attempt to take more
power-report only to emperorpower-report only to emperor Becomes military vs. civilian in power Becomes military vs. civilian in power
struggle for control of gov’tstruggle for control of gov’t Eventually, militarism winsEventually, militarism wins
Other areasOther areas
Korea: Japan abolished the Korean Korea: Japan abolished the Korean monarchy in 1909monarchy in 1909
Kept them as a colonyKept them as a colony• Suppressed Korean cultureSuppressed Korean culture• Used their resources Used their resources • Korean people were labor sourceKorean people were labor source
Advantages????? (later success)Advantages????? (later success) Singapore: major seaportSingapore: major seaport
• Occupied by Japan during WWIIOccupied by Japan during WWII
Post warPost war
Korea dividedKorea divided Taiwan under nationalistsTaiwan under nationalists Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaya Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaya
were independentwere independent
Japanese recoveryJapanese recovery Occupation until 1952Occupation until 1952 Selective westernizationSelective westernization Democratization, economic reformsDemocratization, economic reforms New constitutionNew constitution Emperor-symbolic figureheadEmperor-symbolic figurehead ““no” militaryno” military Multiparty democracyMultiparty democracy Educational emphasisEducational emphasis MeritocracyMeritocracy Traditional valuesTraditional values
KoreaKorea
Symptom of cold warSymptom of cold war June 1950-North attacks SouthJune 1950-North attacks South UN(US) supports South, sends troopsUN(US) supports South, sends troops Stalemate/armistice in 1953Stalemate/armistice in 1953 Still divided todayStill divided today South:”democratic” and authoritarianSouth:”democratic” and authoritarian North: communistNorth: communist
Taiwan, Hong Kong, SingaporeTaiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore
Taiwan: nationalists retreat thereTaiwan: nationalists retreat there• Authoritarian, problems with ChinaAuthoritarian, problems with China• Supported by USSupported by US
Hong Kong: British colony until 1997Hong Kong: British colony until 1997 Singapore: independence from Singapore: independence from
British in 1959British in 1959 All three somewhat stable with new All three somewhat stable with new
international influenceinternational influence
““Japan INC.”Japan INC.”
Conservative stabilityConservative stability Strong government cooperation with Strong government cooperation with
business!!!!business!!!! Kept important traditional ideasKept important traditional ideas
Economic growthEconomic growth
Government encouragementGovernment encouragement Educational expansionEducational expansion Foreign policy (no $ for defense)Foreign policy (no $ for defense) Labor policies:Labor policies:
• Lifetime employmentLifetime employment• Cooperation/collective decision makingCooperation/collective decision making
Family Life/SocietyFamily Life/Society
Women educated but still householdWomen educated but still household Group conformityGroup conformity Competition to achieveCompetition to achieve Western influenceWestern influence PollutionPollution Traditional identity?Traditional identity?
Korean “miracle”Korean “miracle”
Economic growthEconomic growth Cheap consumer goodsCheap consumer goods Huge industrial groups (Hyundai)Huge industrial groups (Hyundai) Population growth (high density)Population growth (high density)
Taiwan/SingaporeTaiwan/Singapore
Taiwan:Taiwan:• Economic growth (industry and agri.)Economic growth (industry and agri.)• US official commitment lessensUS official commitment lessens• Informal links with ChinaInformal links with China
Singapore:Singapore:• Tight controls over citizensTight controls over citizens• Large population in small spaceLarge population in small space• Politics-authoritarianPolitics-authoritarian• Economy-greatEconomy-great
Hong KongHong Kong
Major world portMajor world port International banking centerInternational banking center China promised to respect their free China promised to respect their free
market and democracymarket and democracy