Japan
Transcript of Japan
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Japan
Dammm this background is pretty.
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•During the 7th – 8th centuries C.E the Japanese court in Nara was being influenced by cultural influences of the Chinese.
• Shinto views of the natural and supernatural world influenced Japan’s cultural development.
Japan: The Imperial Age
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• During the Taika(645-710), Nara(710-784), and Heian(794-857) periods, Japan began borrowing selectively from China greatly.
• Taika Reforms- also known as “The Great Reform” were a set of doctrines established by Emperor Kōtoku to reunite Japan after the fall of the Soga Clan.
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•In 646, Taika Reforms were aimed at fixing administration along Chinese lines.
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•Aristocrats in Japanese society took up Confucian ways, worshiped in Chinese-style temples, and Buddhist arts.
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•Peasants looked up to Buddhist monks for cures, Buddhist magic, or a change of luck.
•They combined Buddhist deities with the “kami” ancient nature spirits of Japan.
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The Spread of Buddhism
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• The Taika Reforms were meant to create a bureaucracy and peasant conscript army in Japan similar to the one in Han and Tang China.
•Attempts at these goals were disrupted by aristocratic families and Buddhist monastic orders.
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•A century after the Taika Reforms, Buddhist monks grew powerful and bold and became known as “rowdy monks”
•In 760, the monks influence even threatened to get the throne. A buddhist prelate got into empress Koken’s inner circle and schemed to marry her before his plans were foiled.
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•Koken’s husband fled 28 miles and established a new capital city at Heian.(Kyoto)
•Though buddhist monasteries weren’t allowed to be built in Kyoto, they still rose in power by building monasteries surrounding Kyoto.
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• Koken’s husband fled 28 miles and established a new capital city at Heian.(Kyoto)
• Though buddhist monasteries weren’t allowed to be built in Kyoto, they still rose in power by building monasteries surrounding Kyoto.
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• The emperor abandoned the Taika Reforms to control the Buddhist monks.
• Instead of making a peasant conscript army, local leaders were ordered to organize a militia which later on led to loss of control in the imperial household.
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Ultracivilized: Court Life in the Heian Era
• For several centuries more in the Heian Era, they lived in luxury and aesthetic pleasures.
• In this era, social status meant everything.• Affairs such as dating and marrying were a very
important thing!
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Living Quarters
• The imperial family and aristocratic families lived in grand palaces and gardens including fish ponds, artificial lakes, and waterfalls.
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The Tale of Genji
•The most valued art in court was writing verse known to us as poetry.
• Poetry was used to express feelings such as happiness, pleasure, love, etc.
•Lady Murasaki wrote “The Tale of Genji”, the first novel in any language.
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• According to “The Tale of Genji” women were seen as equally dignified as men.
• Women were usually taught to play musical instruments and to write poetry.
• They ALSO had power struggles just like everywhere else.
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