Jan Stevenson
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Transcript of Jan Stevenson
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Jan Stevenson Gisborne Secondary College Melton Road. Gisborne. 3437 Phone 0354283691 Fax 0354284018 E- mail [email protected]
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PRACTICAL IDEAS
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SCIENCE WEBSITE AT GISBORNE SECONDARY COLLEGE
www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/home/scihome.htm
Risk Evaluation Sheets “Quest Books” Experiments Additional Experiments Making Equipment for Science Classes Science Handbook
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TOOLS Drill & drill bits – preferably cordless. Hand tools – hammer, screw drivers,
pliers, wire strippers, spanners, shifters. Jewelers screwdrivers – kit. Tool kits – assortment of tools. Glue gun. Engraver. Helping hands. Soldering iron & solder.
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TOOLS
Socket set
Helping hands
Tool kit
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ELECTRICAL A few examples of equipment which
can be purchased or adapted for classroom use
Banana Plugs Crocodile clip adaptors Power supplies
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CONNECTIONS Piggy Back Banana Plugs NO SOLDERING
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CONNECTIONS Crocodile Clip Adaptors NO SOLDERING Storage and management ideas
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POWER SUPPLIES
There are never enough power supplies. Juggled from one prac to the next in one day. Batteries go flat. Constantly re-charging batteries. Batteries & cradles get lost, stolen or broken. Lots of time lost in constant maintenance.
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1. Power Packs 3,6,9,12V. They come with screw attachments which
have been replaced with banana sockets. Not too heavy, not too small.
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2.Plug Packs. Specific Voltage These are fitted with Banana Plug sockets These were adapted for the ticker timers
16V AC
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3. Plug packs Variable Ranges These can be fitted with Banana Plugs Used for simple electric circuits
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4.Cut of the plug Split the wire The white wire is positive Attach the banana plugs
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ELECTRODE KITS PROBLEMS Electrodes touching during experiment Bad contact with crocodile clips Constantly setting up and dismantling Crocodile clips corrode when dropped
in the solution
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Copper plate can be bought from the metalwork dept, use the guillotine to cut it.
Zinc sheet can be bought from a chemical supplier, can be cut with tin snips.
Drill or punch holes in each and fit with banana sockets.
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250ml glass jars and plastic screw lids can be purchased cheaply from Cospac or you can ask staff for a collection
Cut 2 slits in the lid for the electrodes
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The electrodes are suspended from the jar lid
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Two jars can be placed side by side and a paper salt bridge can be placed between
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Paper salt bridges can be cut from blotting paper – paper used in desk pads
Blotting paper can also be used instead of chromatography paper at junior levels
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Solder copper wire to the heads of two nails and connect to the sockets
Drill two holes and suspend the nails from the lid The lid can be placed over a 100ml beaker
STEEL ELECTRODES
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A copper electrode and a connecting wire soldered to the head of a nail
The nail can be cleaned with emery paper and reused
ELECTROPLATING
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CONDUCTIVITY TESTER For testing liquids and solids 100ml beaker used instead of a jar - less
chemicals used
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MODEL ELECTRIC JUG Nichrome wire is used to make the coils A hole is drilled for the thermometer
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CAPACITORS Choose a capacitor which is suitable for
the experiment
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RESISTORS Choose a resistor which is suitable for the
experiment
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BUZZERS The buzzers are fastened onto the lid with
a hot glue gun
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TOGGLE SWITCHES The switches are held in place with a
screw fitting
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CARBON ELECTRODES
Carbon electrodes can be made from carbon rods
The rods are inserted through holes drilled in a lid and glued in place with silicon
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CONTACT SWITCHES The metal can be cut and bent to shape
using a guillotine Mounted on a lid with banana sockets
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M.E.S. GLOBE HOLDERS The holders can be mounted on lids and
fitted with banana sockets
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SKILL TESTERS Materials
purchased from local hardware stores
Different degrees of difficulty – depending on the shape of the wire
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DINOSAUR TEMPLATE Photocopy the
pieces of the dinosaur model
Enlarge until it is the size required
Cut out the shapes and use these as the pattern
The slits are 6mm - the thickness of the MDF board used
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DINOSAUR JIGSAWDisplay the small model as a guide for the students
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LEMON BATTERY Solder wire to
the copper and zinc electrodes
Six lemons give a good supply of electrical energy
Use a L.E.D. in the circuit
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RAIN GUAGE A copper shim and
connecting wire soldered around the clothes peg
A small piece of soluble aspirin is placed in the jaws of the peg
Water is dropped onto the aspirin
When contact is made a buzzer sounds
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ALTERNATIVE QUICK FIT Very expensive
glassware Use glass tubing
covered with chux cloth and wound with wire
The chux cloth is soaked with water and acts as a condenser
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FORENSIC SCIENCE Children’s shoes
from the OP SHOP Shoe prints Transparency of
shoe print section Police report List of suspects Discover the
perpetrators
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GAS GENERATOR
These gas generators can be set up and stored as a class set.
Carbon dioxide generator
Hydrogen generator
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SPOTTING TRAYS
Food testing pH testing Easy to clean In place of test
tubes
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PLASTIC CUPS Polystyrene:
heat experiments
Plastic: taste tests Plaster toothpaste.
Clear plastic: growing seedsNO CLEANING
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SPATULAS Damage Don’t fit test tubes Cleaning
SOLUTION Wooden stirrers
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CULTURE TUBES Smaller in size Smaller quantities needed Cheaper to replace Plastic tops instead of
rubber stoppers
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DATA BASES Lists of equipment and Chemicals Quantities of Equipment and Chemicals Location of Equipment Easy for all staff to locate equipment Nothing gets “forgotten”
PROBLEMS Equipment must be returned to the
designated storage
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DATA BASES
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DATA BASES
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LABELLING Avery labelling
system Adding Class Icons Add other relevant
information No waste of labels
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CHEMWATCH Chemwatch MSDS data base Subscribe through a school
network $100 per year for 4 updates
per year Everything from toothpaste
to trichloroethane Includes Manufacturers
Website - http://web.chemwatch.net/chem/Email - [email protected]
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CHEMWATCH SAMPLE
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MINI MSDS
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R.E.S
Risk Evaluation Sheets
Available on the website at GSC
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HS & DG REGISTER
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LAB MANAGEMENTCLASS SETS
Dropping Bottles - solutions Canisters – powders Samples Pre-weighed/measured chemicals Apparatus Pre- organised experiments
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DROPPING BOTTLES Our students work in
pairs, 13 dropping bottles per set.
The sets are stored in plastic boxes.
Each chemical is given a number, and stored in numerical order.
The sets are recorded on a data base, this is displayed on the door.
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DROPPING BOTTLES
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CANISTERS
Class sets of canisters are stored in take away food containers
Each powder is given a number and stored in numerical order
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SAMPLES
Small samples of plastics are cut and stored in containers.
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PRE-MEASUREMENT REASONS. The experiment is used by every class in
the year level. Many experiments cannot be completed
within one period. Pre-Weighing and Measuring samples
saves class time. Cost saving in chemicals used. Many can be stored for later use. Not every school has a class set of scales.
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SPOOLING OF DNA FROM ONION Lux flakes can
be weighed for the students.
A dispenser can be used for the enzyme.
100ml of minced onion measured into beakers.
Ethanol can be.pre-measured.
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TASTE TESTS
Dosage cups or film canisters
Dispensers Cotton buds
cut in half Container of
disinfectant
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TOOTHPASTE All ingredients are
pre-weighed for the students.
Economical use of chemicals.
Students use plastic cups and wooden stirrers for mixing toothpaste - more hygienic and can be discarded after use.
LESS MESS.
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ENDOTHERMIC - EXOTHERMIC Quest book 3 Page 47. Exothermic and
endothermic Processes.
Pre-weighed samples of chemicals.
Some classes are working on the same topic at the same time.
Multiple class sets can be pre-prepared.
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MICROSCOPE SLIDES Class sets
based on topics
Booklets Easier to
see if slides are missing or broken
Easier to locate slides
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STORAGE IDEAS
“A PLACE FOR EVERYTHING AND EVERYTHING IN ITS PLACE”
EASIER SAID THAN DONE !!
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STORAGE IDEAS Stackable bins Bin racks
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STORAGE IDEAS Ticker Timer Power supplies Connecting wire Streamers Carbon discs All stored
together in one bin
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STORAGE IDEAS Shelving for stock
jars and canisters Wall mounted rack
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STORAGE IDEAS• All the equipment
for titration can be stored in one container
• Burettes, clamps, white tiles, funnels, pipettes – all plastic
• “Under the bed” plastic bins
• Easy to transport and “almost” unbreakable
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STORAGE IDEAS Peg board for connecting wire Coat hanger bags Bag holders A WHITEBOARD
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODESTo stop the students from changing the voltage of the
power supply and blowing the m.e.s. globes we use L.E.D's (Light Emitting Diodes) they are easy to make and very cheap to produce.
If the students do manage to damage them it is just a matter of replacing the resistors and led's (only a few cents) much cheaper than replacing a globe.
The led's have a negative and a positive terminal, if they are not connected correctly they will not work.
They still have the responses in series and parallel.
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Film canisters are used to make the led's. They are available free from photo processing labs or your school photographic department.
STEP1
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Banana sockets - Dick Smith Catalogue Page 248, standard 4mm, Cat No - Red – P 1720. Cat No - Black - P 1722. Ring Dick Smith for a cost, catalogue price is nearly double the school price.
STEP 2
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Resistors Available from Dick Smith - 330 ohm resistors. Page 258. Ring Dick Smith for a cost, catalogue price is nearly double the school price.
STEP 3
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Light emitting Diodes Dick Smith Catalogue Page 267, 5mm size is used in the film canisters, if you wanted to use the 10mm led's a larger container would be needed. Ring Dick Smith for a cost, catalogue price is nearly double the school price.
STEP 4
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODESTOOLS Soldering Iron Drill Drill bits - 19/64 & 1/4 Drill socket Solder Helping Hands Pliers
STEP 5
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODESUsing the 19/64 bit drill
two holes for the sockets. Using the 1/4 bit drill one hole for the led. Take care when drilling the holes leave enough room for the nut to go on the socket.
STEP 6
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Insert the sockets, using only one of the nuts, tighten with pliers or drill socket.
STEP 7
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Solder the led to the resistor, solder a connector to each end.
STEP 8
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Twist the wire into shape and bend the connector at right angles. Check to see which end is positive Fasten to banana socket with remaining nut.
STEP 9
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Ensure that no wires are touching before clipping on the lid.
STEP 10
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Diodes can be connected in parallel or series.Kits can be constructed for demonstration.
STEP 11
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LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
The L.E.D’s can be stored as class sets
STEP 12
THE END