JAN JUNE 2021 - cppgg.uk.gov.in
38
JAN JUNE 2021 Vol 1, Issue 4
Transcript of JAN JUNE 2021 - cppgg.uk.gov.in
JANJUNE2021
Vol 1, Issue 4
About
CPPGG
Centre for Public Policy and Good Governance (CPPGG) anchored in the Department of Planning is a think tank to support the Government of Uttarakhand in governance and policy reforms. It aims at fast-tracking the implementation of SDGs in the state. CPPGGs mandate is to innovate, explore and experiment with new approaches to find solutions for bottlenecks in the state's growth. The Centre has sectoral experts from fields of entrepreneurship & livelihood, SDG Integration, monitoring & evaluation, training, disaster management and MIS.
03
04
07
08
10
14
17
20
23
29
32
Message by CEO
Highlights
State Government Initiatives
SDG INDIA INDEX 2020 -2021 UTTARAKHAND'S PERFORMANCE
UTTARAKHAND'S ECONOMY AT A GLANCE
GUEST ARTICLES
Localization of SDGs
SDG 1 -
SDG 3 - On Ground Activation
SDG 9 - Clean Economy: From Estimation to Towards Realization
SDG 12 - Progressing On Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 15- Restoring Degraded Ecosystem
xjhch mUewyu djus gsrq fd;s tk jgs vfHkuo iz;kl
TABL
E of
CO
NTE
NTS
Dear Readers,
The past three months have been very challenging for each one of us with the resurgence of COVID 19 cases. But thanks to an unprecedented mobilization of resources from government, corporates, civil society, and individuals, as well as the tireless efforts of health and frontline workers, we now witness a steady decline in the numbers. However it is still important that we consistently follow COVID-appropriate behaviour to minimize any future challenges.
The irreparable loss of losing our loved ones, colleagues and friends has impacted our lives to a large extent. We would like to especially remember Ms. Rashmi Bajaj, Uttarakhand State Head, UNDP whom we lost in May. An enthusiast for the development of Uttarakhand, Rashmi played an important role in setting up CPPGG. We dedicate this issue of Nitighosh to her unwavering spirit.
Despite the challenges, Centre for Public Policy and Good Governance has been at the forefront in supporting the state's efforts towards achieving SDGs. In the last few months, action was taken on strengthening SDG localization and monitoring as well as developing new partnerships for the goals. CPPGG plans to launch a SDG Index report of Uttarakhand illustrating district-wise performance. Efforts on SDG localization and sensitization will also gain momentum in the next few months.
The SDG India Index 2020-21 released by NITI Aayog, gives a picture of the remarkable strides made by Uttarakhand pertaining to Agenda 2030. It gives me immense pleasure to share that the state is placed as one of the frontrunners securing 3rd rank in the country. In addition, we attained the top spot on SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). However, the state needs to concentrate its efforts on SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) to improve its ranking on these goals. it should be our constant endeavor to maintain our ranking among the best states.
The current issue of Nitighosh is continuing with the theme 'Celebrating five years of SDGs' where we share best practices from the state translating global goals into local realities. We wish that these stories inspire all of us to do our bit to achieve SDGs by or before 2030.
Message From CEO
MANISHA PANWAR, IAS
Message from Editorial teamthWelcome to the 4 issue of Nitighosh; we are back after a long gap due to the pandemic and thus this is a combined issue of
two quarters (Jan-March and April-June 2021).
In the current issue, we highlight CPPGGs activities of the last six months and dive into the thematic articles related to SDGs. The insightful articles cover SDG 1 No Poverty, SDG 3 Good Health, SDG 9 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, SDG 12 Sustainable Consumption and Production and SDG 15 Life on Land. These articles illuminate on few best practices as well as suggestive actions considering the current trends to support the State in its endeavors towards achieving SDGs. In addition, we also bring an article on Localization of SDGs which aims to guide the readers on SDG integration at local level planning. The issue also provides a detailed account of Uttarakhand's progress on 16 Sustainable Development Goals as per the SDG India Index report published by NITI Aayog. The bulletin also comprises information about policies and programs introduced by the State government in the last six months.
We hope, you enjoy reading this issue. Do visit our website to know about the new theme for the next issue. We request you to help us make this publication relevant by sharing your valuable suggestions and feedback.
Contents Messages 03030202
About
CPPGG
Centre for Public Policy and Good Governance (CPPGG) anchored in the Department of Planning is a think tank to support the Government of Uttarakhand in governance and policy reforms. It aims at fast-tracking the implementation of SDGs in the state. CPPGGs mandate is to innovate, explore and experiment with new approaches to find solutions for bottlenecks in the state's growth. The Centre has sectoral experts from fields of entrepreneurship & livelihood, SDG Integration, monitoring & evaluation, training, disaster management and MIS.
03
04
07
08
10
14
17
20
23
29
32
Message by CEO
Highlights
State Government Initiatives
SDG INDIA INDEX 2020 -2021 UTTARAKHAND'S PERFORMANCE
UTTARAKHAND'S ECONOMY AT A GLANCE
GUEST ARTICLES
Localization of SDGs
SDG 1 -
SDG 3 - On Ground Activation
SDG 9 - Clean Economy: From Estimation to Towards Realization
SDG 12 - Progressing On Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 15- Restoring Degraded Ecosystem
xjhch mUewyu djus gsrq fd;s tk jgs vfHkuo iz;kl
TABL
E of
CO
NTE
NTS
Dear Readers,
The past three months have been very challenging for each one of us with the resurgence of COVID 19 cases. But thanks to an unprecedented mobilization of resources from government, corporates, civil society, and individuals, as well as the tireless efforts of health and frontline workers, we now witness a steady decline in the numbers. However it is still important that we consistently follow COVID-appropriate behaviour to minimize any future challenges.
The irreparable loss of losing our loved ones, colleagues and friends has impacted our lives to a large extent. We would like to especially remember Ms. Rashmi Bajaj, Uttarakhand State Head, UNDP whom we lost in May. An enthusiast for the development of Uttarakhand, Rashmi played an important role in setting up CPPGG. We dedicate this issue of Nitighosh to her unwavering spirit.
Despite the challenges, Centre for Public Policy and Good Governance has been at the forefront in supporting the state's efforts towards achieving SDGs. In the last few months, action was taken on strengthening SDG localization and monitoring as well as developing new partnerships for the goals. CPPGG plans to launch a SDG Index report of Uttarakhand illustrating district-wise performance. Efforts on SDG localization and sensitization will also gain momentum in the next few months.
The SDG India Index 2020-21 released by NITI Aayog, gives a picture of the remarkable strides made by Uttarakhand pertaining to Agenda 2030. It gives me immense pleasure to share that the state is placed as one of the frontrunners securing 3rd rank in the country. In addition, we attained the top spot on SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). However, the state needs to concentrate its efforts on SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) to improve its ranking on these goals. it should be our constant endeavor to maintain our ranking among the best states.
The current issue of Nitighosh is continuing with the theme 'Celebrating five years of SDGs' where we share best practices from the state translating global goals into local realities. We wish that these stories inspire all of us to do our bit to achieve SDGs by or before 2030.
Message From CEO
MANISHA PANWAR, IAS
Message from Editorial teamthWelcome to the 4 issue of Nitighosh; we are back after a long gap due to the pandemic and thus this is a combined issue of
two quarters (Jan-March and April-June 2021).
In the current issue, we highlight CPPGGs activities of the last six months and dive into the thematic articles related to SDGs. The insightful articles cover SDG 1 No Poverty, SDG 3 Good Health, SDG 9 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, SDG 12 Sustainable Consumption and Production and SDG 15 Life on Land. These articles illuminate on few best practices as well as suggestive actions considering the current trends to support the State in its endeavors towards achieving SDGs. In addition, we also bring an article on Localization of SDGs which aims to guide the readers on SDG integration at local level planning. The issue also provides a detailed account of Uttarakhand's progress on 16 Sustainable Development Goals as per the SDG India Index report published by NITI Aayog. The bulletin also comprises information about policies and programs introduced by the State government in the last six months.
We hope, you enjoy reading this issue. Do visit our website to know about the new theme for the next issue. We request you to help us make this publication relevant by sharing your valuable suggestions and feedback.
Contents Messages 03030202
Pilot With Horticulture Department
Demonstration of QR Coding technology for tagging trees was done in collaboration with the Department of Horticulture,GoUK
during the Rajbhawan Flower exhibition held in March. The technology aims to ease sharing of information between the
department & its beneficiaries. It can also be used to track tree health, production data, disease spread, etc.
CPPGG provided its technical expertise during a two-day consultation th thmeeting on 28 -29 January on developing Gram Panchayat Develop-
ment Plans(GPDP) organized by Panchayat Raj Department. The meetings held in three Gram Panchayats of Koudsi (Dehradun district), Tehri Dobhnagar (Haridwar district), and Kothar (Pauri district) was attended by community members, panchayat, and officials from line departments. The team supported stakeholders to develop a GPDP comprising 29 subjects under the 11th Schedule of the Constitution by referring the findings of Mission Antyodaya Survey especially addressing the gaps identified for each village.
SDG Localization
The new year proved to be a year of new partnerships for CPPGG. In January and February CPPGG signed MoUs with the Department of Panchayati Raj, Government of Uttarakhand (GoUK), and Wildlife Institute of India (WII), establishing mutual collaborations to strengthen governance and policy reforms in the state. The formal partnership with Panchayati Raj Department was the result of various joint efforts undertaken for localization and integration of SDGs at the Panchayat level. CPPGG will be supporting the department in integrating SDG in planning, capacity building, and research. The cooperation with WII will give new impetus to the creation of biodiversity finance and framework and its cross-sectoral linkages with SDGs for the state of Uttarakhand.
New Partnerships
Signing MoU with Panchayati Raj Dept and WII
Gram Panchayat Meeting in Kothar Meeting with GP members in Kaudsi, Dehradun
CPPGG was assigned to do a feasibility study of enterprises and
growth centers supported by USRLM. The study was combined with a
one-day training on business model, business plan, and feasibility
analysis followed by a field visit to various enterprises and Growth
Centres. The training held in all 13 districts of Uttarakhand was
attended by SHG (Self-Help Group) members and block and district
level cadre of USRLM. A final feasibility report was shared by CPPGG
based on the analysis and findings of the study.
Feasibility study for Uttarakhand State Rural Livelihood Mission (USRLM)
Members of Growth Centre in Dehradun
H I G H L I G H T S
Training with BMMs and SHG members of U.S Nagar
The SDG Localization Expert at CPPGG held a session on SDGs and their alignment with GPDP in January for panchayat officials from Block, Village level, and Gram Pradhans. The sessions were held during a month-long capacity development program organized by the Panchayat Raj Department for its cadre. Session on similar lines was organized for Panchayat officials and Elected Representatives from Ladakh during their official visit to Uttarakhand.
Awareness on SDGs
Training and Workshops
CPPGG led a session on SDGs and their alignment with Block Panchayat Development Planning for District level Master trainers. The th thsession was part of a two-day training program held from 5 -6 January 2021 for the master trainers to enable them in facilitating
planning at the block level.
Block Panchayat Development Plan (BPDP)
Facilitating Local planning
The team from CPPGG led a virtual training program for Elected representatives and officials on developing District and Block Panchayat Development Planning for the year 2020-21 and 2021-22. The process was based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry
th th nd thof Panchayati Raj, GoI. The online training was held in two phases from 27 Feb- 8 Mar and 2 -4 June, program was attended by all the district and block level elected representatives and the officers of the Panchayat and Rural Development departments. In continuation to this, CPPGG trained a cadre of facilitators to handhold the Block and District Panchayat officials in developing Block Panchayat Development Plan & District Panchayat Development Plan of 95 Blocks and 13 District Panchayats.
SDG Webinar
Achievement of SDGs in a time-bound manner demands state-level planning in line with the Uttarakhand Vision 2030. The State Planning Commission and CPPGG facilitated SDG-wise nodal departments to develop their annual (2021-22) and three-year (2021-24) action plans. The plans focused on aligning the various schemes of the department, its budget, resources, and targets with respective SDG indicators and identify strategies to achieve the SDG targets. Subsequently, a state-level webinar was organized by CPPGG on 19-20 Feb, the event’s objective was to train district-level officials in SDG aligned planning. Officials from nodal departments led various sessions highlighting the status of various state and district level schemes/programs and the process of effectively integrating them with SDGs
As part of its state-level workshops, NITI Aayog in collaboration with the Department of Planning, GoUK organized a two-day workshop on SDG India Index 2019-2020 and
th thMultidimensional Poverty Index on 15 -16 April 2021. The event was chaired by Chief Secretary, GoUK, he shared the state-level initiatives taken on the two aspects in his keynote address. Followed by this, Ms. Sanyukta Samaddar, IAS Adviser (SDGs), NITI Aayog, GoI gave a brief presentation on SDG India Index 2020-2021. The team from NITI Aayog also introduced the Multidimensional Poverty Index and its strategy to be taken up by all the states.
NITI Aayog Workshop
Team From Niti Aayog Leading State Level Workshop
Highlights Highlights 05050404
Pilot With Horticulture Department
Demonstration of QR Coding technology for tagging trees was done in collaboration with the Department of Horticulture,GoUK
during the Rajbhawan Flower exhibition held in March. The technology aims to ease sharing of information between the
department & its beneficiaries. It can also be used to track tree health, production data, disease spread, etc.
CPPGG provided its technical expertise during a two-day consultation th thmeeting on 28 -29 January on developing Gram Panchayat Develop-
ment Plans(GPDP) organized by Panchayat Raj Department. The meetings held in three Gram Panchayats of Koudsi (Dehradun district), Tehri Dobhnagar (Haridwar district), and Kothar (Pauri district) was attended by community members, panchayat, and officials from line departments. The team supported stakeholders to develop a GPDP comprising 29 subjects under the 11th Schedule of the Constitution by referring the findings of Mission Antyodaya Survey especially addressing the gaps identified for each village.
SDG Localization
The new year proved to be a year of new partnerships for CPPGG. In January and February CPPGG signed MoUs with the Department of Panchayati Raj, Government of Uttarakhand (GoUK), and Wildlife Institute of India (WII), establishing mutual collaborations to strengthen governance and policy reforms in the state. The formal partnership with Panchayati Raj Department was the result of various joint efforts undertaken for localization and integration of SDGs at the Panchayat level. CPPGG will be supporting the department in integrating SDG in planning, capacity building, and research. The cooperation with WII will give new impetus to the creation of biodiversity finance and framework and its cross-sectoral linkages with SDGs for the state of Uttarakhand.
New Partnerships
Signing MoU with Panchayati Raj Dept and WII
Gram Panchayat Meeting in Kothar Meeting with GP members in Kaudsi, Dehradun
CPPGG was assigned to do a feasibility study of enterprises and
growth centers supported by USRLM. The study was combined with a
one-day training on business model, business plan, and feasibility
analysis followed by a field visit to various enterprises and Growth
Centres. The training held in all 13 districts of Uttarakhand was
attended by SHG (Self-Help Group) members and block and district
level cadre of USRLM. A final feasibility report was shared by CPPGG
based on the analysis and findings of the study.
Feasibility study for Uttarakhand State Rural Livelihood Mission (USRLM)
Members of Growth Centre in Dehradun
H I G H L I G H T S
Training with BMMs and SHG members of U.S Nagar
The SDG Localization Expert at CPPGG held a session on SDGs and their alignment with GPDP in January for panchayat officials from Block, Village level, and Gram Pradhans. The sessions were held during a month-long capacity development program organized by the Panchayat Raj Department for its cadre. Session on similar lines was organized for Panchayat officials and Elected Representatives from Ladakh during their official visit to Uttarakhand.
Awareness on SDGs
Training and Workshops
CPPGG led a session on SDGs and their alignment with Block Panchayat Development Planning for District level Master trainers. The th thsession was part of a two-day training program held from 5 -6 January 2021 for the master trainers to enable them in facilitating
planning at the block level.
Block Panchayat Development Plan (BPDP)
Facilitating Local planning
The team from CPPGG led a virtual training program for Elected representatives and officials on developing District and Block Panchayat Development Planning for the year 2020-21 and 2021-22. The process was based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry
th th nd thof Panchayati Raj, GoI. The online training was held in two phases from 27 Feb- 8 Mar and 2 -4 June, program was attended by all the district and block level elected representatives and the officers of the Panchayat and Rural Development departments. In continuation to this, CPPGG trained a cadre of facilitators to handhold the Block and District Panchayat officials in developing Block Panchayat Development Plan & District Panchayat Development Plan of 95 Blocks and 13 District Panchayats.
SDG Webinar
Achievement of SDGs in a time-bound manner demands state-level planning in line with the Uttarakhand Vision 2030. The State Planning Commission and CPPGG facilitated SDG-wise nodal departments to develop their annual (2021-22) and three-year (2021-24) action plans. The plans focused on aligning the various schemes of the department, its budget, resources, and targets with respective SDG indicators and identify strategies to achieve the SDG targets. Subsequently, a state-level webinar was organized by CPPGG on 19-20 Feb, the event’s objective was to train district-level officials in SDG aligned planning. Officials from nodal departments led various sessions highlighting the status of various state and district level schemes/programs and the process of effectively integrating them with SDGs
As part of its state-level workshops, NITI Aayog in collaboration with the Department of Planning, GoUK organized a two-day workshop on SDG India Index 2019-2020 and
th thMultidimensional Poverty Index on 15 -16 April 2021. The event was chaired by Chief Secretary, GoUK, he shared the state-level initiatives taken on the two aspects in his keynote address. Followed by this, Ms. Sanyukta Samaddar, IAS Adviser (SDGs), NITI Aayog, GoI gave a brief presentation on SDG India Index 2020-2021. The team from NITI Aayog also introduced the Multidimensional Poverty Index and its strategy to be taken up by all the states.
NITI Aayog Workshop
Team From Niti Aayog Leading State Level Workshop
Highlights Highlights 05050404
th thA workshop was organized for District level officials of the Department of Economics and Statistics on 19 -20 April 2021, with the purpose of effective implementation of the monitoring framework. The workshop oriented the officials on the State and District level indicator framework as well as the monthly indicator framework. Participants were also taken through the Uttarakhand SDG Dashboard followed by discussions on district-level rankings as per State Index 2019-20. The second day focused on facilitating the officials on the format for SDG District Action plan.
Uttarakhand was selected as one of the five states to present a model District Panchayat Development Plan (DPDP)& Block Panchayat Development Plan (BPDP) during a National Conference held by the National Institute of Rural Development Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR)
thon 5 May. CPPGG extended its support to the State Panchayati Raj department during this event to present the DPDP of District Rudraprayag & BPDP of Block Raipur, Dehradun. The event provided a great platform for cross-learning among the states engaged in the process.
CPPGG in collaboration with ENVIS (Environment Information System) Resource centre, Wildlife Institute of India (WII) organized a webinar on 5th June to commemorate World Environment Day 2021. The theme for this year was Ecosystem Restoration. The event was attended by state and district level officials, researchers, academicians, etc. The webinar was led by a panel of three eminent academicians and researchers who enlightened the participants on the Management of Invasive species in wildlife habitat restoration, Strengthening Governance, and Nature-based solutions for Ecosystem Restoration.
Strengthening SDGs Monitoring
National Conference On Model Panchayat Plans
Webinar on World Environment Day
STATE GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
12345678910
In January 2021,the reservation for government accommodation (sarkari awaas) for the differently-abled government servants has been increased from 3 to 4 percent.
For the protection of the rights of children, Bal Mitra Police Station was established in Thana Dalanwala in Uttarakhand and a sum of Rs. 1 crore was announced towards child safety by the then CM Sri Trivendra Singh Rawat
Under the Smart Cities Project, the Doon Integrated Command and Control Centre has been launched at Information Technology Development Authority (ITDA) and an MoU has been signed between the Director and Senior Director of the ITDA on the incubation of Internet of Things (IoT)
In February 2021, Uttarakhand launched its first radio channel “Oho Radio Uttarakhand”, using which the government aims to create awareness of the culture and language of the state as well as to engage with the citizens to address various issues
Under the DeenDayal Upadhyay Sehekarita Kissan Kalyan Krishi Rin Yojana, over 25,000 beneficiaries were awarded loans upto Rs. 3 lakh for various agriculture-related activities.
The state Women's Commando Force and a Smart Cheeta Police were inaugurated at the Police Line in Dehradun by the erstwhile CM.
A 144 bedded hospital to be run jointly by the state government and Patanjali Yogpeeth and a 100 bedded Pandit DeenDayal Upadhyay District Hospital was inaugurated by CM Shri Tirath Singh Rawat in April 2021.
Uttarakhand government in March this year had presented a Rs 57,400 cr budget for the fiscal year 2021-22 in which Rs 455 crore had been earmarked for the environment.
Under the Chief Minister's Vatsalya Yojana the government is providing a monthly compensation of Rs. 3000 and taking charge of maintenance and education until employment upto the age of 21, for the children who have been orphaned or have lost a parent to COVID19.
Uttarakhand is the first state in the country to introduce Gross Environment Product (GEP). This will include assigning monitoring value and monitoring forest, air, water, and soil quality and quantity. GEP will account for the contributions of the environment to economic activity and enable the state to achieve inclusive and green growth
Highlights Initiatives 07070606
th thA workshop was organized for District level officials of the Department of Economics and Statistics on 19 -20 April 2021, with the purpose of effective implementation of the monitoring framework. The workshop oriented the officials on the State and District level indicator framework as well as the monthly indicator framework. Participants were also taken through the Uttarakhand SDG Dashboard followed by discussions on district-level rankings as per State Index 2019-20. The second day focused on facilitating the officials on the format for SDG District Action plan.
Uttarakhand was selected as one of the five states to present a model District Panchayat Development Plan (DPDP)& Block Panchayat Development Plan (BPDP) during a National Conference held by the National Institute of Rural Development Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR)
thon 5 May. CPPGG extended its support to the State Panchayati Raj department during this event to present the DPDP of District Rudraprayag & BPDP of Block Raipur, Dehradun. The event provided a great platform for cross-learning among the states engaged in the process.
CPPGG in collaboration with ENVIS (Environment Information System) Resource centre, Wildlife Institute of India (WII) organized a webinar on 5th June to commemorate World Environment Day 2021. The theme for this year was Ecosystem Restoration. The event was attended by state and district level officials, researchers, academicians, etc. The webinar was led by a panel of three eminent academicians and researchers who enlightened the participants on the Management of Invasive species in wildlife habitat restoration, Strengthening Governance, and Nature-based solutions for Ecosystem Restoration.
Strengthening SDGs Monitoring
National Conference On Model Panchayat Plans
Webinar on World Environment Day
STATE GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
12345678910
In January 2021,the reservation for government accommodation (sarkari awaas) for the differently-abled government servants has been increased from 3 to 4 percent.
For the protection of the rights of children, Bal Mitra Police Station was established in Thana Dalanwala in Uttarakhand and a sum of Rs. 1 crore was announced towards child safety by the then CM Sri Trivendra Singh Rawat
Under the Smart Cities Project, the Doon Integrated Command and Control Centre has been launched at Information Technology Development Authority (ITDA) and an MoU has been signed between the Director and Senior Director of the ITDA on the incubation of Internet of Things (IoT)
In February 2021, Uttarakhand launched its first radio channel “Oho Radio Uttarakhand”, using which the government aims to create awareness of the culture and language of the state as well as to engage with the citizens to address various issues
Under the DeenDayal Upadhyay Sehekarita Kissan Kalyan Krishi Rin Yojana, over 25,000 beneficiaries were awarded loans upto Rs. 3 lakh for various agriculture-related activities.
The state Women's Commando Force and a Smart Cheeta Police were inaugurated at the Police Line in Dehradun by the erstwhile CM.
A 144 bedded hospital to be run jointly by the state government and Patanjali Yogpeeth and a 100 bedded Pandit DeenDayal Upadhyay District Hospital was inaugurated by CM Shri Tirath Singh Rawat in April 2021.
Uttarakhand government in March this year had presented a Rs 57,400 cr budget for the fiscal year 2021-22 in which Rs 455 crore had been earmarked for the environment.
Under the Chief Minister's Vatsalya Yojana the government is providing a monthly compensation of Rs. 3000 and taking charge of maintenance and education until employment upto the age of 21, for the children who have been orphaned or have lost a parent to COVID19.
Uttarakhand is the first state in the country to introduce Gross Environment Product (GEP). This will include assigning monitoring value and monitoring forest, air, water, and soil quality and quantity. GEP will account for the contributions of the environment to economic activity and enable the state to achieve inclusive and green growth
Highlights Initiatives 07070606
NITI Aayog, Government of India launched the third SDG India Index 2020-21 on 3rd June 2021. This is the third index
in the series of SDG India Indexes' being published by NITI Aayog from 2018. Data was collected from all the 28 States
and Union Territories (UTs) on 16 SDGs and 115 indicators. However, the report dropped five indicators (1 from SDG
10 & 4 from SDG 14) and presents the performance of States and UTs based on the data of 16 SDGs and 109 indicators.
Similar to last year's report, Goal number 17 Partnership for the Goals has not been included in the index. Following is
the list of 16 SDGs which have been covered in the Index report.
72
India 66India 60
2020
OVERALL PERFORMANCE
Uttarakhand
642019
SDG INDIA INDEX 2020 -2021 UTTARAKHAND'S PERFORMANCE
SDG India Index0808
Uttarakhand's PerformanceUttarakhand has been recognized as one of the three states whose performance has escalated considerably in 2020-21 compared to that in the 2019-20 Index. This is quite evident in the steady progress of Uttarakhand ranking in the last three Index reports, with 10th rank in 2018, to 9th rank in 2019, Uttarakhand’s now ranks 3rd in the country. The state is declared as a 'Front runner' at an overall level. The figure depicts Uttarakhand's overall performance compared to India's score.
The index saw Kerala taking the first spot followed by Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu at second rank.
Uttarakhand along with, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Goa secured the third rank.
1. No Poverty 2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Wellbeing 4. Quality Education
5. Gender Equality 6. Clean Water and Sanitation
7. Affordable and Clean Energy 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure 10. Reduced Inequality
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities 12. Sustainable Consumption and Production
13. Climate Action 14. Life below water
15. Life on Land 16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
The above figure depicts Uttarakhand's performance on each SDG as per the SDG India Index of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Out of the total 16 SDGs the state has improved its score in 9 SDGs. Uttarakhand is a 'Front runner' in eight SDGs- 1,3,4,6,10,11,12 &16 compared to six in 2019. For SDGs 2,8,9,13 & 15 Uttarakhand ranks under the Performer category signifying its average performance in these goals. On one hand, the state was able to improve its score for SDG 5, but it was not enough to progress its ranking, and thus it still ranks as an Aspirant. In addition, the state is an Achiever with100% score on SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy) and achieved the first position in SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions).
As far as successes are concerned, Uttarakhand had many this year, the state has already achieved targets for 20 indicators. This can be attributed to the various efforts made by the state departments and initiatives like integration of SDGs with departmental and district action plans, development of State and District Indicator Framework, launch of SDG Dashboard, etc. in last one year.
In order to boost state's progress and catapult its rank among the top states, it is necessary to identify weak spots and engage focused efforts to ensure their achievement by or before 2030. A list of such “weak spots” of 55 indicators have been identified which needs intensive planning and strategizing in 2020-21.
SDG India Index 0909
Uttarakhand’s SDG Performance 2019 and 2020
Aspirant (0-49) Performer (50-64)
Front runner (65-99)
Achiever (100)
SDG 1 SDG 2 SDG 3 SDG 4 SDG 5 SDG 6 SDG 7 SDG 8 SDG 9SDG 10
SDG 11
SDG 12
SDG 13
SDG 15
SDG 16
2019 64 45 58 66 38 90 78 73 55 59 51 50 59 95 85
2020 74 61 77 70 46 85 100 63 56 77 76 82 60 64 86
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Analysis done by Shailendra Kumar, M & E Expert, CPPGG
NITI Aayog, Government of India launched the third SDG India Index 2020-21 on 3rd June 2021. This is the third index
in the series of SDG India Indexes' being published by NITI Aayog from 2018. Data was collected from all the 28 States
and Union Territories (UTs) on 16 SDGs and 115 indicators. However, the report dropped five indicators (1 from SDG
10 & 4 from SDG 14) and presents the performance of States and UTs based on the data of 16 SDGs and 109 indicators.
Similar to last year's report, Goal number 17 Partnership for the Goals has not been included in the index. Following is
the list of 16 SDGs which have been covered in the Index report.
72
India 66India 60
2020
OVERALL PERFORMANCE
Uttarakhand
642019
SDG INDIA INDEX 2020 -2021 UTTARAKHAND'S PERFORMANCE
SDG India Index0808
Uttarakhand's PerformanceUttarakhand has been recognized as one of the three states whose performance has escalated considerably in 2020-21 compared to that in the 2019-20 Index. This is quite evident in the steady progress of Uttarakhand ranking in the last three Index reports, with 10th rank in 2018, to 9th rank in 2019, Uttarakhand’s now ranks 3rd in the country. The state is declared as a 'Front runner' at an overall level. The figure depicts Uttarakhand's overall performance compared to India's score.
The index saw Kerala taking the first spot followed by Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu at second rank.
Uttarakhand along with, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Goa secured the third rank.
1. No Poverty 2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Wellbeing 4. Quality Education
5. Gender Equality 6. Clean Water and Sanitation
7. Affordable and Clean Energy 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure 10. Reduced Inequality
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities 12. Sustainable Consumption and Production
13. Climate Action 14. Life below water
15. Life on Land 16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
The above figure depicts Uttarakhand's performance on each SDG as per the SDG India Index of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Out of the total 16 SDGs the state has improved its score in 9 SDGs. Uttarakhand is a 'Front runner' in eight SDGs- 1,3,4,6,10,11,12 &16 compared to six in 2019. For SDGs 2,8,9,13 & 15 Uttarakhand ranks under the Performer category signifying its average performance in these goals. On one hand, the state was able to improve its score for SDG 5, but it was not enough to progress its ranking, and thus it still ranks as an Aspirant. In addition, the state is an Achiever with100% score on SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy) and achieved the first position in SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions).
As far as successes are concerned, Uttarakhand had many this year, the state has already achieved targets for 20 indicators. This can be attributed to the various efforts made by the state departments and initiatives like integration of SDGs with departmental and district action plans, development of State and District Indicator Framework, launch of SDG Dashboard, etc. in last one year.
In order to boost state's progress and catapult its rank among the top states, it is necessary to identify weak spots and engage focused efforts to ensure their achievement by or before 2030. A list of such “weak spots” of 55 indicators have been identified which needs intensive planning and strategizing in 2020-21.
SDG India Index 0909
Uttarakhand’s SDG Performance 2019 and 2020
Aspirant (0-49) Performer (50-64)
Front runner (65-99)
Achiever (100)
SDG 1 SDG 2 SDG 3 SDG 4 SDG 5 SDG 6 SDG 7 SDG 8 SDG 9SDG 10
SDG 11
SDG 12
SDG 13
SDG 15
SDG 16
2019 64 45 58 66 38 90 78 73 55 59 51 50 59 95 85
2020 74 61 77 70 46 85 100 63 56 77 76 82 60 64 86
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Analysis done by Shailendra Kumar, M & E Expert, CPPGG
UTTARAKHAND'S ECONOMY AT A GLANCE
7.27
8.47
5.29
8.08
9.83
7.93
6.02
3.78
-7.11
5.56.4
7.4
8.0 8.3
7.2
6.1
4.2
-7.7-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
(RE)
2019-20
(PE)
2020-21
(AE)
Growth Rate at (Constant Prices)
Uttarakhand India
Uttarakhand's Economy
GROSS STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF UTTARAKHAND (YEAR 2011-12 TO 2020-21AE)
Sectors of Economy
1-Primary Sector
2-Secondary Sector
3-Tertiary Sector (Service Sector)
In order to estimate the SDP and State Income, the whole economy of a State is divided into 3 major sectors comprised of following sub-sectors as:
(I) Crops (ii) Livestock (iii) Forestry and Logging(iv) Fishing (v) Mining and Quarrying
(vi) Manufacturing (vii) Electricity, Gas and Water Supply & Other Utility Services(viii) Construction
(ix) Transport, Storage and Communication(a) Railway(b) Transport by other means(c) Storage (d) Communication & Services Related to Broadcasting
(x) Trade, Hotel and Restaurants (xi) Financial Services(xii) Real Estate, Ownership of Dwelling, Business and Legal Services(xiii) Public Administration (xiv) Other Services
Primary,14.00
Secondary 52.12
Tertiary,33.88
Share of Gross Value Added (GVA) at Current Prices 2011-12
Share of Gross Value Added (GVA) at Current Prices 2020-21
Primary Secondary Tertiary
Primary, 11.81
Secondary 47.21
Tertiary, 40.98
Primary Secondary Tertiary
PER CAPITA INCOME OF UTTARAKHAND (IN Rs), GROWTH RATE & CAGR AT CURRENT PRICE
100314
113654
126356
136099147936 161752
180920191415
18655713.30
11.18
7.71 8.709.34
11.85
5.804.56
-6.79
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0
40000
80000
120000
160000
200000
PER CAPITA INCOME (IN RS) GROWTH (IN %) CAGR (7.14%)
Performance Uttarakhand's Economy 11111010
UTTARAKHAND'S ECONOMY AT A GLANCE
7.27
8.47
5.29
8.08
9.83
7.93
6.02
3.78
-7.11
5.56.4
7.4
8.0 8.3
7.2
6.1
4.2
-7.7-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
(RE)
2019-20
(PE)
2020-21
(AE)
Growth Rate at (Constant Prices)
Uttarakhand India
Uttarakhand's Economy
GROSS STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF UTTARAKHAND (YEAR 2011-12 TO 2020-21AE)
Sectors of Economy
1-Primary Sector
2-Secondary Sector
3-Tertiary Sector (Service Sector)
In order to estimate the SDP and State Income, the whole economy of a State is divided into 3 major sectors comprised of following sub-sectors as:
(I) Crops (ii) Livestock (iii) Forestry and Logging(iv) Fishing (v) Mining and Quarrying
(vi) Manufacturing (vii) Electricity, Gas and Water Supply & Other Utility Services(viii) Construction
(ix) Transport, Storage and Communication(a) Railway(b) Transport by other means(c) Storage (d) Communication & Services Related to Broadcasting
(x) Trade, Hotel and Restaurants (xi) Financial Services(xii) Real Estate, Ownership of Dwelling, Business and Legal Services(xiii) Public Administration (xiv) Other Services
Primary,14.00
Secondary 52.12
Tertiary,33.88
Share of Gross Value Added (GVA) at Current Prices 2011-12
Share of Gross Value Added (GVA) at Current Prices 2020-21
Primary Secondary Tertiary
Primary, 11.81
Secondary 47.21
Tertiary, 40.98
Primary Secondary Tertiary
PER CAPITA INCOME OF UTTARAKHAND (IN Rs), GROWTH RATE & CAGR AT CURRENT PRICE
100314
113654
126356
136099147936 161752
180920191415
18655713.30
11.18
7.71 8.709.34
11.85
5.804.56
-6.79
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0
40000
80000
120000
160000
200000
PER CAPITA INCOME (IN RS) GROWTH (IN %) CAGR (7.14%)
Performance Uttarakhand's Economy 11111010
1516315372
16365
15539
15045
16219
16981 16989 1704917233
1.38
6.46
-5.05
-3.18
7.80
4.70
0.05 0.361.08
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
13500
14000
14500
15000
15500
16000
16500
17000
17500
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (1.43%)
Year wise CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of SECONDARY SECTOR AT
5647061501
6563268502
7393881002
8661191919 94693
870668.91
6.72
4.37
7.94
9.55
6.926.13
3.02
-8.05
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (4.93%)
Year wise CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of PRIMARY SECTOR AT CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
Year wise GVA, Growth & CAGR of MANUFACTURING AT
4365148698 50507
52884
57960 6345667722
71842 73452
6792211.56
3.724.71
9.60 9.48
6.72 6.08
2.24
-7.53
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (5.04%)
Year wise PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of TERTIARY SECTOR AT CURRENT
3670041966
4958655973
6288370081
79601
8832995409
9087214.35
18.16
12.88 12.3411.45
13.58
10.97
8.02
-4.76
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
Gross Value Added At Current Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (10.60%)
Performance Uttarakhand's Economy Uttarakhand's Economy 13131212
1516315372
16365
15539
15045
16219
16981 16989 1704917233
1.38
6.46
-5.05
-3.18
7.80
4.70
0.05 0.361.08
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
13500
14000
14500
15000
15500
16000
16500
17000
17500
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (1.43%)
Year wise CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of SECONDARY SECTOR AT
5647061501
6563268502
7393881002
8661191919 94693
870668.91
6.72
4.37
7.94
9.55
6.926.13
3.02
-8.05
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (4.93%)
Year wise CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of PRIMARY SECTOR AT CONSTANT (2011-12) PRICES
Year wise GVA, Growth & CAGR of MANUFACTURING AT
4365148698 50507
52884
57960 6345667722
71842 73452
6792211.56
3.724.71
9.60 9.48
6.72 6.08
2.24
-7.53
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Gross Value Added At Constant Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (5.04%)
Year wise PRICES
GVA, Growth & CAGR of TERTIARY SECTOR AT CURRENT
3670041966
4958655973
6288370081
79601
8832995409
9087214.35
18.16
12.88 12.3411.45
13.58
10.97
8.02
-4.76
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
Gross Value Added At Current Prices ( In Rs. crores )
Percentage Change Over Previous Year
CAGR (10.60%)
Performance Uttarakhand's Economy Uttarakhand's Economy 13131212
About SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), officially known as “Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, is an intergovernmental set of 17 aspirational goals with 169 targets, which were adopted by the member countries at the United Nations Headquarters in New York in September 2015. The SDGs are supremely ambitious, and it envisages a world free of poverty, hunger, disease and want the world where all life can thrive. The SDGs framework provides a roadmap for inclusive development by balancing Social, Economic, and Environmental imperatives. Leaving No One Behind and paying special attention to those who are the poorest or most excluded is core of the SDGs. The national and State governments are expected to localize the SDGs agenda according to their development priorities.
What is localization
Localization of the SDGs has been emphasized in the UN resolution, as “……the process of considering sub-national contexts in achieving the Agenda 2030. SDGs are global, but their achievement will depend on the ability to make them a reality for the respective country, states, district, rural areas, and cities. Localisation can be initiated by setting goals and targets, determining the means of implementation, and using indicators to measure and monitor progress. The SDGs can provide a framework for local development policy and how local governments can support the achievement of the SDGs through action from bottom up approach. The responsibilities of local governments, particularly their role in strengthening the system and infrastructure, for delivering basic services is significant.
Why SDGs localization is an imperative for achieving the SDGs
SDGs are universal and are being implemented globally, and they are expected to be achieved by or before 2030.However, considering different national and sub-national realities, the SDG framework i.e. 17 goals, 169 targets, and 308 national indicators may not necessarily be applicable to everyone. Hence, the goals and the targets need to be contextualized according to the geography and to local development priorities so that the local policies and programmes have coherence with the SDG targets. For example, goal number 14 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources” is not applicable to Uttarakhand, as the State do not share coastal area. Similarly, out of 169 targets, and 308 national indicators, there are many targets and indicators which may not be relevant to Uttarakhand. Hence, each target and indicator require their localization at the national, state, district, city, and Panchayat level.
SDG localization in Uttarakhand
The Government of Uttarakhand (GoUK) finds SDGs as an opportunity that provides a new dimension to the development policies and programmes. The GoUK is committed for achieving the goals and the targets by or before 2030 and acknowledges that localization of the global goals is critical for effective implementation of the SDG framework in the State. For this, contextualization of the targets and indicators is required at all levels i.e. from State to Gram Panchayat levels.
Keeping in mind the importance of SDGs localization , the State has taken several steps for localization and integration of the SDGs into the planning, implementation, and budgeting processes. The GoUK has published the State Vision 2030, which provides an overall roadmap for inclusive development. Similarly, district level vision documents are being prepared, list of state & district level indicators have been finalized. Further, initial efforts have been made to integrate relevant SDG targets and indicators at the 3-tier Panchayat level planning.
The Village, Block and District Panchayat level planning aims to promote participatory local planning and implementation for holistic development. On the other hand, SDG framework is universal which requires local thrust to become a reality. The common denominator of 'local level planning' indicates an obvious connection between the two. The process of integration of SDGs with the
Localization of SDGs - Mantra for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Dr. Manoj Kumar Pant, ACEO, CPPGG and and Integration Expert, CPPGG
Mr. Karunakar Singh, SDG Localization
The efforts taken by the State government for localization needs to be continued with more intensification. This would require political leadership, government official and other stakeholders realizing the significance of their roles and responsibilities towards achieving the SDGs by 2030. All the SDGs have targets that are directly linked to the outcomes at local level, thus actions taken by these stakeholders will help the state realize its vision. There are many levels of stakeholders such as Urban Local Bodies, youth, schools, private & corporate sector, academic institutions, civil society organization, and most importantly, the citizen's; efforts for increased engagement with them is imperative to achieve the goals. This reiterates the relevance of People and partnership, which are part of the five Ps of SDGs. So far, steps taken and to be taken for the SDGs localization in Uttarakhand are summarized here.
29 subjects of the Panchayat will bring the local planning in sync with national and state priorities. Thus, Panchayats have a crucial role in achieving the SDGs. It is evident that need of the living and non-living have meticulously been captured pertaining to 29 subjects. Therefore, integration of the SDGs with Panchayat Planning would yield positive results. Following table depicts how various Panchayat subjects fall within the purview of SDGs.
Article Article 15151414
29 Subjects of Panchayat 1. Agriculture 2. Animal Husbandry 3. Fisheries
4. Land Improvement
5. Minor Irrigation
6. Social Forestry
7. Minor Forest Produce
8. Small scale industries 9. Khadi, village, and cottage industries
10. Roads 11. Rural Housing 12. Drinking Water
SDGs
Clean Water and Sanitation
Promote Sustainable agriculture Sustainable management of forests, halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Decent Work and Economic Growth
Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
End poverty in all its forms
Quality Education
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Women empowerment & Gender Equality Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
End poverty Reduced Inequalities
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation
End poverty in all its forms Sustainable management of Water and Sanitation
Clean and Affordable Energy
Zero Hunger and Ensure Food Security Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovations
Reduced Inequalities
Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureGood Health and Well-being
SDG 11SDG 9SDG 3
SDG 5SDG 16SDG 10SDG 1
SDG 10SDG 2SDG 9
SDG 2
SDG 12SDG 15
SDG 6
SDG 2
SDG 15
SDG 8
SDG 9
SDG 1SDG 6
SDG 7
SDG 1
SDG 4
13. Fuel and fodder14. Rural Electrification15. Non-conventional energy16. Poverty alleviation programme
17. Education18. Vocational education19. Adult and non-formal education
20. Libraries21. Cultural activities22. Markets and fairs23. Health and sanitation24. Family welfare 25. Women and child development
26. Social welfare27. Welfare of the weaker sections
28. Public distribution system29. Maintenance of community assets
End hunger, food security, improvedn utrition and promote sustainable agriculture Sustainable
Sustainable Consumption & Production
About SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), officially known as “Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, is an intergovernmental set of 17 aspirational goals with 169 targets, which were adopted by the member countries at the United Nations Headquarters in New York in September 2015. The SDGs are supremely ambitious, and it envisages a world free of poverty, hunger, disease and want the world where all life can thrive. The SDGs framework provides a roadmap for inclusive development by balancing Social, Economic, and Environmental imperatives. Leaving No One Behind and paying special attention to those who are the poorest or most excluded is core of the SDGs. The national and State governments are expected to localize the SDGs agenda according to their development priorities.
What is localization
Localization of the SDGs has been emphasized in the UN resolution, as “……the process of considering sub-national contexts in achieving the Agenda 2030. SDGs are global, but their achievement will depend on the ability to make them a reality for the respective country, states, district, rural areas, and cities. Localisation can be initiated by setting goals and targets, determining the means of implementation, and using indicators to measure and monitor progress. The SDGs can provide a framework for local development policy and how local governments can support the achievement of the SDGs through action from bottom up approach. The responsibilities of local governments, particularly their role in strengthening the system and infrastructure, for delivering basic services is significant.
Why SDGs localization is an imperative for achieving the SDGs
SDGs are universal and are being implemented globally, and they are expected to be achieved by or before 2030.However, considering different national and sub-national realities, the SDG framework i.e. 17 goals, 169 targets, and 308 national indicators may not necessarily be applicable to everyone. Hence, the goals and the targets need to be contextualized according to the geography and to local development priorities so that the local policies and programmes have coherence with the SDG targets. For example, goal number 14 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources” is not applicable to Uttarakhand, as the State do not share coastal area. Similarly, out of 169 targets, and 308 national indicators, there are many targets and indicators which may not be relevant to Uttarakhand. Hence, each target and indicator require their localization at the national, state, district, city, and Panchayat level.
SDG localization in Uttarakhand
The Government of Uttarakhand (GoUK) finds SDGs as an opportunity that provides a new dimension to the development policies and programmes. The GoUK is committed for achieving the goals and the targets by or before 2030 and acknowledges that localization of the global goals is critical for effective implementation of the SDG framework in the State. For this, contextualization of the targets and indicators is required at all levels i.e. from State to Gram Panchayat levels.
Keeping in mind the importance of SDGs localization , the State has taken several steps for localization and integration of the SDGs into the planning, implementation, and budgeting processes. The GoUK has published the State Vision 2030, which provides an overall roadmap for inclusive development. Similarly, district level vision documents are being prepared, list of state & district level indicators have been finalized. Further, initial efforts have been made to integrate relevant SDG targets and indicators at the 3-tier Panchayat level planning.
The Village, Block and District Panchayat level planning aims to promote participatory local planning and implementation for holistic development. On the other hand, SDG framework is universal which requires local thrust to become a reality. The common denominator of 'local level planning' indicates an obvious connection between the two. The process of integration of SDGs with the
Localization of SDGs - Mantra for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Dr. Manoj Kumar Pant, ACEO, CPPGG and and Integration Expert, CPPGG
Mr. Karunakar Singh, SDG Localization
The efforts taken by the State government for localization needs to be continued with more intensification. This would require political leadership, government official and other stakeholders realizing the significance of their roles and responsibilities towards achieving the SDGs by 2030. All the SDGs have targets that are directly linked to the outcomes at local level, thus actions taken by these stakeholders will help the state realize its vision. There are many levels of stakeholders such as Urban Local Bodies, youth, schools, private & corporate sector, academic institutions, civil society organization, and most importantly, the citizen's; efforts for increased engagement with them is imperative to achieve the goals. This reiterates the relevance of People and partnership, which are part of the five Ps of SDGs. So far, steps taken and to be taken for the SDGs localization in Uttarakhand are summarized here.
29 subjects of the Panchayat will bring the local planning in sync with national and state priorities. Thus, Panchayats have a crucial role in achieving the SDGs. It is evident that need of the living and non-living have meticulously been captured pertaining to 29 subjects. Therefore, integration of the SDGs with Panchayat Planning would yield positive results. Following table depicts how various Panchayat subjects fall within the purview of SDGs.
Article Article 15151414
29 Subjects of Panchayat 1. Agriculture 2. Animal Husbandry 3. Fisheries
4. Land Improvement
5. Minor Irrigation
6. Social Forestry
7. Minor Forest Produce
8. Small scale industries 9. Khadi, village, and cottage industries
10. Roads 11. Rural Housing 12. Drinking Water
SDGs
Clean Water and Sanitation
Promote Sustainable agriculture Sustainable management of forests, halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Decent Work and Economic Growth
Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
End poverty in all its forms
Quality Education
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Women empowerment & Gender Equality Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
End poverty Reduced Inequalities
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation
End poverty in all its forms Sustainable management of Water and Sanitation
Clean and Affordable Energy
Zero Hunger and Ensure Food Security Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovations
Reduced Inequalities
Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureGood Health and Well-being
SDG 11SDG 9SDG 3
SDG 5SDG 16SDG 10SDG 1
SDG 10SDG 2SDG 9
SDG 2
SDG 12SDG 15
SDG 6
SDG 2
SDG 15
SDG 8
SDG 9
SDG 1SDG 6
SDG 7
SDG 1
SDG 4
13. Fuel and fodder14. Rural Electrification15. Non-conventional energy16. Poverty alleviation programme
17. Education18. Vocational education19. Adult and non-formal education
20. Libraries21. Cultural activities22. Markets and fairs23. Health and sanitation24. Family welfare 25. Women and child development
26. Social welfare27. Welfare of the weaker sections
28. Public distribution system29. Maintenance of community assets
End hunger, food security, improvedn utrition and promote sustainable agriculture Sustainable
Sustainable Consumption & Production
As far as implementation of SDGs are concerned, largely the state government has been on the forefront. They have been trying to localize the SDGs into their planning, implementation, and budgeting processes. But the agenda of sustainable development is highly ambitious and cannot be achieved only by the efforts of the government. It must be a people's agenda and contribution of different stakeholders at different levels is a prerequisite for achieving and maintaining the status of sustainable development. There are many targets across the 17 goals, which requires citizens participation, some have been explained below:
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=
=
=
=
=
Goal 3 Good health and wellbeing – apart from the good public health system, citizens' health seeking attitude and behaviour matters for sustaining healthy lives and wellbeing,
Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation-sustainable management of water and sanitation cannot be achieved by government schemes alone, it will only be accomplished if people start realizing their civic duties,
Goal 5 Gender inequality – although policy initiatives and legal provisions help create a gender just society, the attitudinal change at household level and participation of men and boys towards this goal is crucial for achieving equality in true sense.
Goal 10 Reduce inequalities – requires immense community awareness and response to discourage incidence of inequality.Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption – apart from a robust policy framework, responsive consumption practices and
behavior needs to be an integral part of people's lives.Goal 13 climate change - sensitivity towards climate is required for well being of the nature. Protection and promotion of
biodiversity cannot be achieved without people's participation.
The State will intensify SDG localization efforts by engaging stakeholders like citizens, community, private sector, corporates, academic institutions, schools, business community, media etc. Realization of sustainable development is an unavoidable agenda for the humanity, as the UN Secretary General has said that“There is no Plan B because there is no planet B” .
Way forward
Uttarakhand model of SDG Localization for effective implementation of the Agenda -2030
Uttarakhand Vision 2030-
providing a
comprehensive roadmap
for development
State Indicator
Framework (SIF)
with 371
indicators
High level
committee for
periodic review
of indicators
Integration of
SDGs in Outcome
Budget
Collaboration and
partnership with expert
institutions like IITs,
IIMs, academic
institutions etc.
State
District Vision2030
for understanding
local development
priorities,
convergence &
partnership
District Indicator
Framework (DIF) with
132 indicators to
review districts
progress regularly
Web-based tool for
regular monitoring of
districts’ performance in
context of SDG
implementation
District level task force
constituted with detailed
ToRs for periodic review
of SDGs implementation
District SDG Cell
established to
coordinate SDG
related matters
District
Integration of SDG in
Gram Panchayat
Development Plans
(GPDP)
Integration of SDG in
Block Panchayat
Development Plans
Integration of SDG in
District Panchayat
Development Plans
Identification of
monitorable indicators
at Village, Block, district
Panchayat level
Below District
Gram & Block
Panchayat level
Integration of
SDGs in Urban
Local Bodies
(ULBs)
Engagement with
Youths and school
children
Engagement with
Private sector and
CSR, and media
Identify Gram,
Block, &
District
Panchayat
Indicator
Engagement with
citizens. People’s
participation is
crucial for achieving
SDGs
Future Strategies
for intensive SDG
localization
mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds ioZrh; vaapy esa vf/kdka”k ifjokjkas dh vkthfodk d`f’k ,oa i”kq ikyu vk/kkfjr gSA jkT; ds dbZ ioZrh; {ks=ksa esa foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ¼;Fkk fo’ke tyok;q] flapkbZ dk vHkko] taxyh tkuojksa dk vkrad bR;kfn½ ds ckotwn d`f’k ,oa m|kudh; Qlyksa dk ikjEifjd :i ls vPNk mRiknu fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq mRiknksa ds ewY; o)Zu gsrq rduhdh tkudkjh ds vHkko rFkk ckt+kjhdj.k dh mfpr lqfo/kk miYkC/k u gks ikus ds dkj.k dk”rdkjksa dks d`f’k ,oa m|kudh; Qlyksa ls mi;qDr vk; izkIr ugh gks ikrh gSA mDr lHkh rF;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq;s mRrjk[k.M ljdkj }kjk ,dhd`r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ¼ILSP½ ds ek/;e ls jkT; esa LFkkuh; d`f’k mRikn vk/kkfjr y|q m|e LFkkfir djus RkFkk efgyk l”kfDrdj.k gsrq iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSA izLrqr ys[k esa ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr tuin vYeksM+k esa fd;s tk jgs m|ferk fodkl ,oa efgyk l”kfDrdj.k ds iz;klksa dk vkadyu fd;k x;k gSA ys[k es aizLrqr tkudkjh ifj;kstuk {ks= esa Hkze.k o xzkeokfl;ksa ls dh x;h okrkZyki ij vk/kkfjr gSA mä ç;klksa ds ek/;e ls lrr fodkl y{; ua 1 tks xjhch mUewyu ij dsafær gS ds dfri; ladsrdksa dks çkIr djus esa enn feysxhA
,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk vUrjkZ"Vªh; Ñf"k fodkl fuf/k (IFAD) rFkk mÙkjk[k.M ljdkj ds foRrh; lg;ksx ls mÙkjk[k.M jkT; ds 11 ioZrh; TkUkIknksa ds 44 fodkl [kaMkas esa lapkfyr dh tk jgh gSA ,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk dk eq[; mn~ns'; xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dks vkthfodk ds lesfdr volj miyC/k djkdj muds thou Lrj dks mPprj Lrj rd ys tkuk gSA bUkds eq[; dk;Z xzke ,oa dyLVj Lrjh; laLFkkvksa dks vkfFkZd o rduhdh lg;ksx miyC/k djk dj LFkkuh; mRikn vk/kkfjr miØe LFkkfir dj mRiknksa dk ewY; of/kZr (Value Addition) dj ckt+kj rd igqap cukuk gSA vYeksM+k tuin esa ,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u tuin ds 7 fodkl [k.Mksa esa o"kZ 2015 ls fd;k tk jgk gSA ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr tuin vYeksM+k esa 40 vkthfodk la?kksa dk xBu fd;k x;k gS ftu ds lkFk 2384 efgyk lewgksa ds 22685 'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gq,s gSaA tuin vYeksM+k esa ifj;kstuk vUrxZr m|ferk fodkl ,oa jkstxkj l`tu dqN lQy iz;klksa dk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEukuqlkj gSA
vkthfodk la?kksa dh vkfFkZd l'kDrk çnku djus ds mn~~ns'; ls tuin vYeksM+k ds goky ckx CykWd esa ftyk iz'kklu ds lg;ksx ls miyC/k djk;s x;s izlkj&izf'k{k.k dsUnz goky ckx ds Hkou esa o"kZ 2018 esa Qy izlaLdj.k o csdjh bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSA
Qy izlaLdj.k bdkbZ dk lapkyu ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr xfBr fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk ftlds lkFk 60 efgyk lewgksa dh 530 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gS] }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA bl Qy izlaLdj.k bdkbZ esa LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k fofHkUu izdkj ds Qyksa ls twl] tSe] LoS'k] pVuh] vpkj bR;kfn dk mRiknu fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk Lrj ij izLkaLd`r bu mRiknksa dks vkd"kZd iSadsftax@yScfyax ds lkFk LFkkuh; ,oa jk"Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k tM+h&cqfV;ksa ¼rqylh] dSeksekby] cqjka”k bR;kfn½ dk mi;ksx dj gcZy pk; cukus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA xq.koÙkk ;qDr gcZy pk; dh ckt++kj esa vR;f/kd ekax jgrh gSA dksjksuk laØe.k ds le; gcZy pk; dh fo”ks’k ekax jghA orZeku esa fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg 1-5 yk[k #i;s rd dh izlaLd`r lkexzh dk foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA ftlls lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg 15]000 :i;s rd dk 'kq) ykHk izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr Qy izlaLdj.k ds dk;Z esa yxh 5&8 LFkkuh; efgykvksa@;qokvksa dks izfrekg :- 1]500&2]000 :i;s rd dk LFkk;h jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gqvk gSA
csdjh bdkbZ dk lapkyu ifj;kstukxZr xfBr izxfr vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk ftl ds lkFk 58 efgyk lewgksa dh 559 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gS }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA csdjh bdkbZ ij LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k eksVs vukt ¼eMqok] tkS] puk] eDdk bR;kfn½ ls fofHkUu izdkj ds csdjh mRikn tSls eMqos dk fcfLdV] eYVhxzsufcfLdV] cUn] dsd] efQu] isLVh bR;kfn dk mRiknu fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk }kjk cuk;s x;s bu csdjh mRiknksa dks ;Fkksfpr iSdsftax ds lkFk LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k cktkjksa esa nSfud :i ls foi.ku fd;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa csdjh bdkbZ ij izxfr vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg :- 55]000&60]000 #i;s rd dk O;olk; fd;k tk jgk gS] ftlls lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg #- 8&10 gtkj :i;s rd 'kq) ykHk izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr 4&6 LFkkuh; efgykvksa dks csdjh bdkbZ ij #- 1200&3000 :i;s izfrekg rd dk LFkk;h jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gks jgk gSA
ifj.kke fo”kys'k.k%
Qy izlaLdj.k
Article Article 17171616
dSyk'k pUnz HkV~V] izHkkxh; ifj;kstuk izc/akd] izHkkxh; ifj;kstuk izcU/ku bdkbZ] vYeksM+k] Mk- fou; dqekj xq.koar] izca/kd&fu;kstu] ewY;kadu ,oa vuqJo.k] ifj;kstuk izcU/ku bdkbZ] nsgjknwu] ,oa izdk'k flag]lgk;d izca/kd&fu;kstu] ewY;kadu ,oa vuqJo.k] vYeksM+k
,dhd`r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr xjhch mUewyu djus gsrq fd;s tk jgs vfHkuo iz;kl
(ILSP)
csdjh mRikn
As far as implementation of SDGs are concerned, largely the state government has been on the forefront. They have been trying to localize the SDGs into their planning, implementation, and budgeting processes. But the agenda of sustainable development is highly ambitious and cannot be achieved only by the efforts of the government. It must be a people's agenda and contribution of different stakeholders at different levels is a prerequisite for achieving and maintaining the status of sustainable development. There are many targets across the 17 goals, which requires citizens participation, some have been explained below:
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Goal 3 Good health and wellbeing – apart from the good public health system, citizens' health seeking attitude and behaviour matters for sustaining healthy lives and wellbeing,
Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation-sustainable management of water and sanitation cannot be achieved by government schemes alone, it will only be accomplished if people start realizing their civic duties,
Goal 5 Gender inequality – although policy initiatives and legal provisions help create a gender just society, the attitudinal change at household level and participation of men and boys towards this goal is crucial for achieving equality in true sense.
Goal 10 Reduce inequalities – requires immense community awareness and response to discourage incidence of inequality.Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption – apart from a robust policy framework, responsive consumption practices and
behavior needs to be an integral part of people's lives.Goal 13 climate change - sensitivity towards climate is required for well being of the nature. Protection and promotion of
biodiversity cannot be achieved without people's participation.
The State will intensify SDG localization efforts by engaging stakeholders like citizens, community, private sector, corporates, academic institutions, schools, business community, media etc. Realization of sustainable development is an unavoidable agenda for the humanity, as the UN Secretary General has said that“There is no Plan B because there is no planet B” .
Way forward
Uttarakhand model of SDG Localization for effective implementation of the Agenda -2030
Uttarakhand Vision 2030-
providing a
comprehensive roadmap
for development
State Indicator
Framework (SIF)
with 371
indicators
High level
committee for
periodic review
of indicators
Integration of
SDGs in Outcome
Budget
Collaboration and
partnership with expert
institutions like IITs,
IIMs, academic
institutions etc.
State
District Vision2030
for understanding
local development
priorities,
convergence &
partnership
District Indicator
Framework (DIF) with
132 indicators to
review districts
progress regularly
Web-based tool for
regular monitoring of
districts’ performance in
context of SDG
implementation
District level task force
constituted with detailed
ToRs for periodic review
of SDGs implementation
District SDG Cell
established to
coordinate SDG
related matters
District
Integration of SDG in
Gram Panchayat
Development Plans
(GPDP)
Integration of SDG in
Block Panchayat
Development Plans
Integration of SDG in
District Panchayat
Development Plans
Identification of
monitorable indicators
at Village, Block, district
Panchayat level
Below District
Gram & Block
Panchayat level
Integration of
SDGs in Urban
Local Bodies
(ULBs)
Engagement with
Youths and school
children
Engagement with
Private sector and
CSR, and media
Identify Gram,
Block, &
District
Panchayat
Indicator
Engagement with
citizens. People’s
participation is
crucial for achieving
SDGs
Future Strategies
for intensive SDG
localization
mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds ioZrh; vaapy esa vf/kdka”k ifjokjkas dh vkthfodk d`f’k ,oa i”kq ikyu vk/kkfjr gSA jkT; ds dbZ ioZrh; {ks=ksa esa foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ¼;Fkk fo’ke tyok;q] flapkbZ dk vHkko] taxyh tkuojksa dk vkrad bR;kfn½ ds ckotwn d`f’k ,oa m|kudh; Qlyksa dk ikjEifjd :i ls vPNk mRiknu fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq mRiknksa ds ewY; o)Zu gsrq rduhdh tkudkjh ds vHkko rFkk ckt+kjhdj.k dh mfpr lqfo/kk miYkC/k u gks ikus ds dkj.k dk”rdkjksa dks d`f’k ,oa m|kudh; Qlyksa ls mi;qDr vk; izkIr ugh gks ikrh gSA mDr lHkh rF;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq;s mRrjk[k.M ljdkj }kjk ,dhd`r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ¼ILSP½ ds ek/;e ls jkT; esa LFkkuh; d`f’k mRikn vk/kkfjr y|q m|e LFkkfir djus RkFkk efgyk l”kfDrdj.k gsrq iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSA izLrqr ys[k esa ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr tuin vYeksM+k esa fd;s tk jgs m|ferk fodkl ,oa efgyk l”kfDrdj.k ds iz;klksa dk vkadyu fd;k x;k gSA ys[k es aizLrqr tkudkjh ifj;kstuk {ks= esa Hkze.k o xzkeokfl;ksa ls dh x;h okrkZyki ij vk/kkfjr gSA mä ç;klksa ds ek/;e ls lrr fodkl y{; ua 1 tks xjhch mUewyu ij dsafær gS ds dfri; ladsrdksa dks çkIr djus esa enn feysxhA
,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk vUrjkZ"Vªh; Ñf"k fodkl fuf/k (IFAD) rFkk mÙkjk[k.M ljdkj ds foRrh; lg;ksx ls mÙkjk[k.M jkT; ds 11 ioZrh; TkUkIknksa ds 44 fodkl [kaMkas esa lapkfyr dh tk jgh gSA ,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk dk eq[; mn~ns'; xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dks vkthfodk ds lesfdr volj miyC/k djkdj muds thou Lrj dks mPprj Lrj rd ys tkuk gSA bUkds eq[; dk;Z xzke ,oa dyLVj Lrjh; laLFkkvksa dks vkfFkZd o rduhdh lg;ksx miyC/k djk dj LFkkuh; mRikn vk/kkfjr miØe LFkkfir dj mRiknksa dk ewY; of/kZr (Value Addition) dj ckt+kj rd igqap cukuk gSA vYeksM+k tuin esa ,dhÑr vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u tuin ds 7 fodkl [k.Mksa esa o"kZ 2015 ls fd;k tk jgk gSA ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr tuin vYeksM+k esa 40 vkthfodk la?kksa dk xBu fd;k x;k gS ftu ds lkFk 2384 efgyk lewgksa ds 22685 'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gq,s gSaA tuin vYeksM+k esa ifj;kstuk vUrxZr m|ferk fodkl ,oa jkstxkj l`tu dqN lQy iz;klksa dk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEukuqlkj gSA
vkthfodk la?kksa dh vkfFkZd l'kDrk çnku djus ds mn~~ns'; ls tuin vYeksM+k ds goky ckx CykWd esa ftyk iz'kklu ds lg;ksx ls miyC/k djk;s x;s izlkj&izf'k{k.k dsUnz goky ckx ds Hkou esa o"kZ 2018 esa Qy izlaLdj.k o csdjh bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSA
Qy izlaLdj.k bdkbZ dk lapkyu ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr xfBr fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk ftlds lkFk 60 efgyk lewgksa dh 530 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gS] }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA bl Qy izlaLdj.k bdkbZ esa LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k fofHkUu izdkj ds Qyksa ls twl] tSe] LoS'k] pVuh] vpkj bR;kfn dk mRiknu fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk Lrj ij izLkaLd`r bu mRiknksa dks vkd"kZd iSadsftax@yScfyax ds lkFk LFkkuh; ,oa jk"Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k tM+h&cqfV;ksa ¼rqylh] dSeksekby] cqjka”k bR;kfn½ dk mi;ksx dj gcZy pk; cukus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA xq.koÙkk ;qDr gcZy pk; dh ckt++kj esa vR;f/kd ekax jgrh gSA dksjksuk laØe.k ds le; gcZy pk; dh fo”ks’k ekax jghA orZeku esa fodkl vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg 1-5 yk[k #i;s rd dh izlaLd`r lkexzh dk foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA ftlls lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg 15]000 :i;s rd dk 'kq) ykHk izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr Qy izlaLdj.k ds dk;Z esa yxh 5&8 LFkkuh; efgykvksa@;qokvksa dks izfrekg :- 1]500&2]000 :i;s rd dk LFkk;h jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gqvk gSA
csdjh bdkbZ dk lapkyu ifj;kstukxZr xfBr izxfr vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk ftl ds lkFk 58 efgyk lewgksa dh 559 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gS }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA csdjh bdkbZ ij LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k eksVs vukt ¼eMqok] tkS] puk] eDdk bR;kfn½ ls fofHkUu izdkj ds csdjh mRikn tSls eMqos dk fcfLdV] eYVhxzsufcfLdV] cUn] dsd] efQu] isLVh bR;kfn dk mRiknu fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk }kjk cuk;s x;s bu csdjh mRiknksa dks ;Fkksfpr iSdsftax ds lkFk LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k cktkjksa esa nSfud :i ls foi.ku fd;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa csdjh bdkbZ ij izxfr vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg :- 55]000&60]000 #i;s rd dk O;olk; fd;k tk jgk gS] ftlls lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg #- 8&10 gtkj :i;s rd 'kq) ykHk izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr 4&6 LFkkuh; efgykvksa dks csdjh bdkbZ ij #- 1200&3000 :i;s izfrekg rd dk LFkk;h jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gks jgk gSA
ifj.kke fo”kys'k.k%
Qy izlaLdj.k
Article Article 17171616
dSyk'k pUnz HkV~V] izHkkxh; ifj;kstuk izc/akd] izHkkxh; ifj;kstuk izcU/ku bdkbZ] vYeksM+k] Mk- fou; dqekj xq.koar] izca/kd&fu;kstu] ewY;kadu ,oa vuqJo.k] ifj;kstuk izcU/ku bdkbZ] nsgjknwu] ,oa izdk'k flag]lgk;d izca/kd&fu;kstu] ewY;kadu ,oa vuqJo.k] vYeksM+k
,dhd`r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr xjhch mUewyu djus gsrq fd;s tk jgs vfHkuo iz;kl
(ILSP)
csdjh mRikn
rkfydk 1% tuin vYeksM+k esa vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk lapkfyr O;olkf;d y?kq m|eksa dk fooj.k
ifj;kstukxZr LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k mRiknksa ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu m|eksa dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSA fo”ks’kr% ftl CykWd@{ks= esa ftu Qlyksa dk vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS ml CykWd@{ks= esa mUgh Qlyksa@mRiknksa ds izlaLdj.k ,oe ewY;o/kZu gsrq lgdkfjrk Lrj ij m|e LFkkfir fd;s x;s gSA tuin ds pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa /kku o xsgwa dk ijEijkxr :i ls vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS] ijUrq ewY;o/kZu u gks ikus ds dkj.k dkLrdkjksa dks mudh Qly dk mfpr ewY; ugha fey ikrk FkkA bu ifjfLrfFk;ksa dks ns[krs gq, ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa ,d vkVk@pkoy ;wfuV dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS ftldk lapkyu eka vxusjh vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds lkFk 81 efgyk lewgksa dh 734 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gSA vkVk&pkoy fey dh LFkkiuk ftyk iz'kklu ds lg;ksx ls pkS[kqfV;k ds vki.kq cktkj esa dh x;h gSA igys tgka fdlku vius mRiknksa dks lh/ks fcpkSfy;ksa dks vkSus&ikSus nkeksa esa csp nsrs ogha vc pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa mRikfnr /kku o xsgwa dks lgdkfjrk }kjk fdlkuksa ls ,df=r dj fey esa vkVk rFkk pkoy ds :Ik esa ifjofrZr dj vPNs nkeksa esa foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa eka vxusjh vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfr o"kZ 450 dq- /kku o 80 dq0 xsgaw dk Øe'k% pkoy o vkVs ds :Ik esa izlaLdj.k fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izdkj lgdkfjrk }kjk izlaLd`r vkVs o pkoy dks ;Fkskfpr iSdsftax ds lkFk fgykal vkVk o pkoy ds uke ls LFkkuh; o vU; ftyksa ds cktkjksa esa foØ; dj vPNk ykHk vfZZtZr fd;k tk jgk gSA lkFk gh dkLrkdkjksa dks Hkh vius mit dk igys ds eqdkcys izfr fdyksxzke 8&10 :i;s vf/kd ewY; izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr izlaLdj.k ls izkIr gksus okys Hkwls dk foi.ku Hkh lgdkfjrk }kjk LFkkuh; Lrj ds cktkj esa fd;k tk jgk gS ftldh tkuojksa gsrq mi;ksfxrk ds dkj.k o"kZ Hkj ekax cuh jgrh gSA
pkS[kqfV;k ds lhekorhZ CykWd fHkD;klS.k esa elkyk Qlyksa tSls gYnh] fepZ] /kfu;k bR;kfn dk ijEijkxr~ :Ik ls vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS] ijUrq izlaLdj.k o ewY; o/kZu ds vHkko esa dkLrdkjkssa dks viuh Qlyksa dk mfpr ykHk ugha fey ikrk FkkA dPps eky@elkyk Qlyksa dh izpqj miyC/krk rFkk ewY; o/kZu dh mi;ksfxrk dks /;ku esa j[k dj fHkD;klS.k CykWd esa ftyk iz”kklu o ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls ,d elkyk izlaLdj.k bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS] ftldk lapkyu ubZ fn”kk Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds lkFk 80 efgyk lewgksa dh 682 lnL;@”ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gq, gSaA LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k elkyksa dks lgdkfjrk }kjk dkLrdkjksa ls ,d= dj elkyk bdkbZ ij lQkbZ@NVkbZ ds mijkUr filkbZ dh tkrh gS rFkk izlaL—r elkyksa dks vkd'kZd iSdsftax ds lkFk fgykal czk.M uke ls LFkkuh; o jk’Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foi.ku fd;k tkrk gSA orZeku esa lgdkfjrk dks elkyk m|e }kjk yxHkx #- 18]000 izfrekg dh “kq) vk; izkIr gks jgh gS] lkFk gh dkLrdkjksa dks Hkh muds mRiknksa dk :- 10 & 15@ fdxzk- vf/kd nke fey jgk gSA elkyk bdkb ij 3 LFkkuh; efgykvksa dks #- 1]500 izfrekg dk jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gks jgk gSA
vkVk ,oa pkoy izlaLdj.k
elkyk izlaLdj.k
L;kYns CykWd ds vUrxZr vkus okys xzkeksa essa ijaijkxr :i ls dkyh o ihyh ljlksa dk mRiknu gksrk jgk gS] ijUrq izlaLdj.k ds vkHkko esa dkLrdkjksa dks viuh esgur ds lkis{k ykHk ugha fey ikrk FkkA dPps eky ¼ljlksa½ dh izpqj miyC/krk dks ns[krs gq, L;kYns fodkl [k.M esa ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls ,d rsy fijkbZ ;qfuV dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS] ftldk lapkyu u;h tkx`fr Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA ubZ tkx`fr lgdkfjrk ds lkFk 47 efgyk lewgksa dh 418 lnL;@”ks;j /kkjd tqMs gSaA lgdkfjrk }kjk {ks= esa miyC/k ljlksa dks ,df=r fd;k tkrk gS rFkk lQkbZ ,oa NVkbZ ds mijkUr rsy fijkbZ bdkbZ esa ljlksa dh fijkbZ dh tkrh gSA bl izdkj izkIr ljlksa rsy dks vkd’kZd iSdsftax@ yscfyax okyh cksrykssa esa Hkjdj LFkkuh; o jk’Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foi.ku fd;k tkrk gSA rsy fijkbZ ds bl O;olk; ls ubZ tkx`fr lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg vkSlru #- 10]000 rd dk “kq} ykHk izkIr gks jgk gS rFkk lkFk gh dkLrdkjksa dks mudh mit dk vPNk ewY; feyus ds dkj.k LFkkuh; Qlyksa ds mRiknu dks Hkh izksRlkgu fey jgk gSA
ljlksa rsy izlaLdj.k
ifj;kstukUrxZr xfBr vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk mijksDr of.kZr O;olkf;d xfrfof/k;ksa ds vfrfjDr dqiks’k.k dks de djus ,oa ekr`Ro LokLF; dks csgrj djus gsrq Hkh ;ksxnku fn;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa 7 vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk vkaxuckM+h dsUnzksa esa Vsdgkse jk”ku (THR) rFkk Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) forj.k djus dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izdkj vkthfodk la?k ,d vksj tgak ljdkjh ;kstukvksa ds fØ;kUo;u esa lg;ksx dj jgh gSa ogha nwljh vksj bu ;kstukvksa esa lgHkkxh cu ,d vPNk ykHk Hkh dek jgh gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ&mTtoy Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk o’kZ 2016 ls goky ckx CykWd ds 198 vkaxuckM+h dsUnzksa eas Vsdgkse jk”ku forj.k djus dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk }kjk izfr ekg #- 1200 & 1250 xHkZorh o /kk=h efgykvksas dks Vsdgkse jk”ku ;kstuk ds vUrxZr ikSf’Vd vkgkj ¼nfy;k] puk] fd”kfe”k] ued½] 6 ekg ls 3 o’kZ ds 3200 cPpksa dks izfrekg ikSf’Vd vkgkj ¼ued] nfy;k] Hkqukpuk] v.Ms] cknke½ rFkk 6 ekg ls 3 o’kZ ds 1012 vfr dqiksf'kr cPpksa dks ikSf’Vd vkgkj forfjr djus dk ljkguh; dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA fuf'pr rkSj ij mä xfrfof/k;k lrr~ fodkl y{; 2 ds ladsrdksa rFkk efgykvkas ,oa cPpks esa dqiks"k.k rFkk jä vYirk dks de djus esa lgk;d gS lgkdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg dqy #- 8 ls 9 yk[k rd dk Vsd gkse forfjr dj #- 1-50 ls 1-80 yk[k #- dk ldy ykHk izkIr fd;k tk jgk gSA dksjksuk ds dkj.k gqbZ lEiw.kZ canh (Lockdown) ds nkSjku vYeksM+k tuin esa Vsd gkse jk”ku forj.k ds dk;Z esa yxh lHkh 7 vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk fujarj #i ls forj.k dk;Z fd;k x;kA
,dh—r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr LFkkfir fofHkUu izdkj ds O;olkf;d m|eksa }kjk ,d vksj tgka efgyk l”kfDrdj.k dks cy feyk gS ogha nwljh vksj jkstxkj ds u;s }kj [kksyus dk vfHkuo iz;kl Hkh fd;k x;k gSA dkLrdkjksa dks mudh Qlyksa ds mfpr nke feyus ds dkj.k —f’k dk;Z dks Hkh cy feyk gSA dyLVj Lrj ij izlaL—r mRiknksa ds ckt+kjhdj.k gsrq ifj;kstuk }kjk vusd iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSaA vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk mRikfnr xq.koRrk ;qDr mRiknksa ds lrr~ foi.ku gsrqq ifj;kstuk }kjk vYeksM+k ds pkS?kku ikVk rFkk vkWfQlj dkWyksuh esa ,d&,d ̂ fgykal fdlku vkmVysV^ rFkk j?kqukFk flVh ekWy esa *gks nkT;w dSQs ,oa jSLVksjsUV^ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS ftudk lapkyu Hkh ifj;kstuk ds varxZr xfBr vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr jk’Vªh; Lrj dh ekdsZfVax dEifu;ksa rFkk bZ&IysVQkeZ ¼igkM+h LVksj] vestksu] th-dkWe vkfn½ }kjk Hkh bu mRiknksa ds foi.ku@ckt+kjhdj.k dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA mRiknu gsrq dyLVj Lrj ij LFkkfir fofHkUu fuekZ.k bdkbZ;ksa ij xq.koRrk ekudksa dk fo”ks’k /;ku j[kk tkrk gS rFkk lHkh bdkbZ;ksa }kjk FSSAI ds fu;eksa ds vuq:Ik dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA vkthfodk la?kksa dks muds {ks= esa LFkkfir O;olkf;d y?kq m|eksa ds lQy lapkyu gsrq {kerk fodkl izf”k{k.k le;≤ ij ftyk ifj;kstuk bdkbZ }kjk miyC/k djok;k tkrk gSA O;olkf;d xfrfof/k;ksa ls lacaf/kr lHkh ys[kk&tks[kk Lo;a vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk gh fd;k tkrk gS tks efgyk l”kfDrdj.k dks izR;{k :Ik ls n”kkZrk gSA vkthfodk la?kksa dks fujUrj rduhdh lqfo/kk miyC/k djkdj etcwr ckt+kjhdj.k dh O;oLFkk LFkkfir dj ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls LFkkfir mijksDr m|eksa dh laoguh;rk lqfuf”pr dh tk ldrh gSA
ekrkvksa ,oa cPpks ds csgrj LokLF; gsrq ikSf’Vd vkgkj dk forj.k
Article Article 19191818
d z- l-
fodkl [k.M
vkthfodk l a?k xBu o’k Z O;olkf;d y?kq m|e ykHkkfUor mRiknd
le wg¼l a[;k½
y kHkkfUor “ks;j /kkjd ¼l a[;k½
1 goky ckx i zx fr vkt hfod k l a?k 2015 c sdjh bdkb Z] gksn kT; w d SQ s ,o a j SLVksj sUV
58 559
2 goky ckx
mTtoy vkthfodk l a?k
2015 fgykal vkmVYksV ] V sd gkse jk”ku
47 520
3
gokyckx
fod kl vkthfodk l a?k 2015
Qy i zlLdj.k bdkb Z] gc Zy pk;] b Zt k lujkb Zt d SQ s ,o a j SLVksj sUV
60 530
4 pkS[ kqfV;k ek¡ vxu sjh vkt hfodk l a?k
2015 /kku fefy ax bd kb Z 81 734
5 fHkfd;klS.k ub Z fn”kk vkt hfodk l a?k
2015 elkyk i zl aLdj.k bdkb Z
80 682
6 }kjkgkV mxrk l wjt vkthfodk l a?k
2018 /kku fefy ax bd kb Z 69 653
7 L;kYn s ek¡ d kfy ad k vkt hfodk l a?k
2016 nfy;k o vkVk fey 57 581
8 L;kYn s ub Z t kx `fr vkt hfodk l a?k
2016 r sy fijkb Z ; qfuV 47 418
9 /kkSy kn soh > kWdjl Se 2012 fgykal fdlku vkmVy sV
43 398
fu’d’kZ ,oa lq>ko%
rkfydk 1% tuin vYeksM+k esa vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk lapkfyr O;olkf;d y?kq m|eksa dk fooj.k
ifj;kstukxZr LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k mRiknksa ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu m|eksa dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSA fo”ks’kr% ftl CykWd@{ks= esa ftu Qlyksa dk vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS ml CykWd@{ks= esa mUgh Qlyksa@mRiknksa ds izlaLdj.k ,oe ewY;o/kZu gsrq lgdkfjrk Lrj ij m|e LFkkfir fd;s x;s gSA tuin ds pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa /kku o xsgwa dk ijEijkxr :i ls vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS] ijUrq ewY;o/kZu u gks ikus ds dkj.k dkLrdkjksa dks mudh Qly dk mfpr ewY; ugha fey ikrk FkkA bu ifjfLrfFk;ksa dks ns[krs gq, ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa ,d vkVk@pkoy ;wfuV dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS ftldk lapkyu eka vxusjh vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds lkFk 81 efgyk lewgksa dh 734 lnL;@'ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gSA vkVk&pkoy fey dh LFkkiuk ftyk iz'kklu ds lg;ksx ls pkS[kqfV;k ds vki.kq cktkj esa dh x;h gSA igys tgka fdlku vius mRiknksa dks lh/ks fcpkSfy;ksa dks vkSus&ikSus nkeksa esa csp nsrs ogha vc pkS[kqfV;k CykWd esa mRikfnr /kku o xsgwa dks lgdkfjrk }kjk fdlkuksa ls ,df=r dj fey esa vkVk rFkk pkoy ds :Ik esa ifjofrZr dj vPNs nkeksa esa foØ; fd;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa eka vxusjh vkthfodk Lok;Ùk lgdkfjrk }kjk izfr o"kZ 450 dq- /kku o 80 dq0 xsgaw dk Øe'k% pkoy o vkVs ds :Ik esa izlaLdj.k fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izdkj lgdkfjrk }kjk izlaLd`r vkVs o pkoy dks ;Fkskfpr iSdsftax ds lkFk fgykal vkVk o pkoy ds uke ls LFkkuh; o vU; ftyksa ds cktkjksa esa foØ; dj vPNk ykHk vfZZtZr fd;k tk jgk gSA lkFk gh dkLrkdkjksa dks Hkh vius mit dk igys ds eqdkcys izfr fdyksxzke 8&10 :i;s vf/kd ewY; izkIr gks jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr izlaLdj.k ls izkIr gksus okys Hkwls dk foi.ku Hkh lgdkfjrk }kjk LFkkuh; Lrj ds cktkj esa fd;k tk jgk gS ftldh tkuojksa gsrq mi;ksfxrk ds dkj.k o"kZ Hkj ekax cuh jgrh gSA
pkS[kqfV;k ds lhekorhZ CykWd fHkD;klS.k esa elkyk Qlyksa tSls gYnh] fepZ] /kfu;k bR;kfn dk ijEijkxr~ :Ik ls vPNk mRiknu gksrk gS] ijUrq izlaLdj.k o ewY; o/kZu ds vHkko esa dkLrdkjkssa dks viuh Qlyksa dk mfpr ykHk ugha fey ikrk FkkA dPps eky@elkyk Qlyksa dh izpqj miyC/krk rFkk ewY; o/kZu dh mi;ksfxrk dks /;ku esa j[k dj fHkD;klS.k CykWd esa ftyk iz”kklu o ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls ,d elkyk izlaLdj.k bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS] ftldk lapkyu ubZ fn”kk Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds lkFk 80 efgyk lewgksa dh 682 lnL;@”ks;j /kkjd tqM+s gq, gSaA LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k elkyksa dks lgdkfjrk }kjk dkLrdkjksa ls ,d= dj elkyk bdkbZ ij lQkbZ@NVkbZ ds mijkUr filkbZ dh tkrh gS rFkk izlaL—r elkyksa dks vkd'kZd iSdsftax ds lkFk fgykal czk.M uke ls LFkkuh; o jk’Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foi.ku fd;k tkrk gSA orZeku esa lgdkfjrk dks elkyk m|e }kjk yxHkx #- 18]000 izfrekg dh “kq) vk; izkIr gks jgh gS] lkFk gh dkLrdkjksa dks Hkh muds mRiknksa dk :- 10 & 15@ fdxzk- vf/kd nke fey jgk gSA elkyk bdkb ij 3 LFkkuh; efgykvksa dks #- 1]500 izfrekg dk jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gks jgk gSA
vkVk ,oa pkoy izlaLdj.k
elkyk izlaLdj.k
L;kYns CykWd ds vUrxZr vkus okys xzkeksa essa ijaijkxr :i ls dkyh o ihyh ljlksa dk mRiknu gksrk jgk gS] ijUrq izlaLdj.k ds vkHkko esa dkLrdkjksa dks viuh esgur ds lkis{k ykHk ugha fey ikrk FkkA dPps eky ¼ljlksa½ dh izpqj miyC/krk dks ns[krs gq, L;kYns fodkl [k.M esa ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls ,d rsy fijkbZ ;qfuV dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS] ftldk lapkyu u;h tkx`fr Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA ubZ tkx`fr lgdkfjrk ds lkFk 47 efgyk lewgksa dh 418 lnL;@”ks;j /kkjd tqMs gSaA lgdkfjrk }kjk {ks= esa miyC/k ljlksa dks ,df=r fd;k tkrk gS rFkk lQkbZ ,oa NVkbZ ds mijkUr rsy fijkbZ bdkbZ esa ljlksa dh fijkbZ dh tkrh gSA bl izdkj izkIr ljlksa rsy dks vkd’kZd iSdsftax@ yscfyax okyh cksrykssa esa Hkjdj LFkkuh; o jk’Vªh; Lrj ds cktkjksa esa foi.ku fd;k tkrk gSA rsy fijkbZ ds bl O;olk; ls ubZ tkx`fr lgdkfjrk dks izfrekg vkSlru #- 10]000 rd dk “kq} ykHk izkIr gks jgk gS rFkk lkFk gh dkLrdkjksa dks mudh mit dk vPNk ewY; feyus ds dkj.k LFkkuh; Qlyksa ds mRiknu dks Hkh izksRlkgu fey jgk gSA
ljlksa rsy izlaLdj.k
ifj;kstukUrxZr xfBr vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk mijksDr of.kZr O;olkf;d xfrfof/k;ksa ds vfrfjDr dqiks’k.k dks de djus ,oa ekr`Ro LokLF; dks csgrj djus gsrq Hkh ;ksxnku fn;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa 7 vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk vkaxuckM+h dsUnzksa esa Vsdgkse jk”ku (THR) rFkk Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) forj.k djus dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izdkj vkthfodk la?k ,d vksj tgak ljdkjh ;kstukvksa ds fØ;kUo;u esa lg;ksx dj jgh gSa ogha nwljh vksj bu ;kstukvksa esa lgHkkxh cu ,d vPNk ykHk Hkh dek jgh gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ&mTtoy Lok;Rr lgdkfjrk }kjk o’kZ 2016 ls goky ckx CykWd ds 198 vkaxuckM+h dsUnzksa eas Vsdgkse jk”ku forj.k djus dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA lgdkfjrk }kjk izfr ekg #- 1200 & 1250 xHkZorh o /kk=h efgykvksas dks Vsdgkse jk”ku ;kstuk ds vUrxZr ikSf’Vd vkgkj ¼nfy;k] puk] fd”kfe”k] ued½] 6 ekg ls 3 o’kZ ds 3200 cPpksa dks izfrekg ikSf’Vd vkgkj ¼ued] nfy;k] Hkqukpuk] v.Ms] cknke½ rFkk 6 ekg ls 3 o’kZ ds 1012 vfr dqiksf'kr cPpksa dks ikSf’Vd vkgkj forfjr djus dk ljkguh; dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA fuf'pr rkSj ij mä xfrfof/k;k lrr~ fodkl y{; 2 ds ladsrdksa rFkk efgykvkas ,oa cPpks esa dqiks"k.k rFkk jä vYirk dks de djus esa lgk;d gS lgkdkfjrk }kjk izfrekg dqy #- 8 ls 9 yk[k rd dk Vsd gkse forfjr dj #- 1-50 ls 1-80 yk[k #- dk ldy ykHk izkIr fd;k tk jgk gSA dksjksuk ds dkj.k gqbZ lEiw.kZ canh (Lockdown) ds nkSjku vYeksM+k tuin esa Vsd gkse jk”ku forj.k ds dk;Z esa yxh lHkh 7 vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk fujarj #i ls forj.k dk;Z fd;k x;kA
,dh—r vkthfodk lg;ksx ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr LFkkfir fofHkUu izdkj ds O;olkf;d m|eksa }kjk ,d vksj tgka efgyk l”kfDrdj.k dks cy feyk gS ogha nwljh vksj jkstxkj ds u;s }kj [kksyus dk vfHkuo iz;kl Hkh fd;k x;k gSA dkLrdkjksa dks mudh Qlyksa ds mfpr nke feyus ds dkj.k —f’k dk;Z dks Hkh cy feyk gSA dyLVj Lrj ij izlaL—r mRiknksa ds ckt+kjhdj.k gsrq ifj;kstuk }kjk vusd iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSaA vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk mRikfnr xq.koRrk ;qDr mRiknksa ds lrr~ foi.ku gsrqq ifj;kstuk }kjk vYeksM+k ds pkS?kku ikVk rFkk vkWfQlj dkWyksuh esa ,d&,d ̂ fgykal fdlku vkmVysV^ rFkk j?kqukFk flVh ekWy esa *gks nkT;w dSQs ,oa jSLVksjsUV^ dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS ftudk lapkyu Hkh ifj;kstuk ds varxZr xfBr vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr jk’Vªh; Lrj dh ekdsZfVax dEifu;ksa rFkk bZ&IysVQkeZ ¼igkM+h LVksj] vestksu] th-dkWe vkfn½ }kjk Hkh bu mRiknksa ds foi.ku@ckt+kjhdj.k dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gSA mRiknu gsrq dyLVj Lrj ij LFkkfir fofHkUu fuekZ.k bdkbZ;ksa ij xq.koRrk ekudksa dk fo”ks’k /;ku j[kk tkrk gS rFkk lHkh bdkbZ;ksa }kjk FSSAI ds fu;eksa ds vuq:Ik dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA vkthfodk la?kksa dks muds {ks= esa LFkkfir O;olkf;d y?kq m|eksa ds lQy lapkyu gsrq {kerk fodkl izf”k{k.k le;≤ ij ftyk ifj;kstuk bdkbZ }kjk miyC/k djok;k tkrk gSA O;olkf;d xfrfof/k;ksa ls lacaf/kr lHkh ys[kk&tks[kk Lo;a vkthfodk la?kksa }kjk gh fd;k tkrk gS tks efgyk l”kfDrdj.k dks izR;{k :Ik ls n”kkZrk gSA vkthfodk la?kksa dks fujUrj rduhdh lqfo/kk miyC/k djkdj etcwr ckt+kjhdj.k dh O;oLFkk LFkkfir dj ifj;kstuk ds lg;ksx ls LFkkfir mijksDr m|eksa dh laoguh;rk lqfuf”pr dh tk ldrh gSA
ekrkvksa ,oa cPpks ds csgrj LokLF; gsrq ikSf’Vd vkgkj dk forj.k
Article Article 19191818
d z- l-
fodkl [k.M
vkthfodk l a?k xBu o’k Z O;olkf;d y?kq m|e ykHkkfUor mRiknd
le wg¼l a[;k½
y kHkkfUor “ks;j /kkjd ¼l a[;k½
1 goky ckx i zx fr vkt hfod k l a?k 2015 c sdjh bdkb Z] gksn kT; w d SQ s ,o a j SLVksj sUV
58 559
2 goky ckx
mTtoy vkthfodk l a?k
2015 fgykal vkmVYksV ] V sd gkse jk”ku
47 520
3
gokyckx
fod kl vkthfodk l a?k 2015
Qy i zlLdj.k bdkb Z] gc Zy pk;] b Zt k lujkb Zt d SQ s ,o a j SLVksj sUV
60 530
4 pkS[ kqfV;k ek¡ vxu sjh vkt hfodk l a?k
2015 /kku fefy ax bd kb Z 81 734
5 fHkfd;klS.k ub Z fn”kk vkt hfodk l a?k
2015 elkyk i zl aLdj.k bdkb Z
80 682
6 }kjkgkV mxrk l wjt vkthfodk l a?k
2018 /kku fefy ax bd kb Z 69 653
7 L;kYn s ek¡ d kfy ad k vkt hfodk l a?k
2016 nfy;k o vkVk fey 57 581
8 L;kYn s ub Z t kx `fr vkt hfodk l a?k
2016 r sy fijkb Z ; qfuV 47 418
9 /kkSy kn soh > kWdjl Se 2012 fgykal fdlku vkmVy sV
43 398
fu’d’kZ ,oa lq>ko%
Many Health Programs have been running across India over the years to cater to the needs of the vulnerable population. However, all these years of health programs have indicated the need for innovation through multi-stakeholder participation especially Public-Private partnerships. Several innovations in areas of family planning, Child Health were tested and scaled in the State of Uttarakhand through SHOPS Plus (Sustaining Health Outcomes through the Private Sector) projects. SHOPS Plus is USAID's flagship initiative that seeks to harness full potential of the private sector and catalyze public-private engagement to improve overall health outcomes in Family Planning (FP), HIV/AIDS, Maternal and Child Health (MCH), and Tuberculosis (TB). The project aimed to increase the use of family planning, diarrhea management and TB treatment products and services among the urban poor in eight states of Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi- NCR, Jharkhand, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttarakhand. Covering 15 urban slums of Dehradun and Haridwar the project was implemented for one and a half years from March 2019- September 2020. One of the key aspects of the project was to bring social and behavioral change through innovative communication tools and campaigns.
Innovations through On-Ground Activation (OGA)
OGA is a pre-decided activity comprising of campaign / events / activities or sharing of experiences through direct
communication that enables the stakeholder to engage with the target audience and build a bond with them around the
products or services offered, with the key purpose to get them to act by taking decisions based on informed consent. OGAs aim
to change the behaviors of beneficiaries through direct communication with them. The success of OGAs lies in converting the
target audience's or customer's participation into a memorable experience; helping to convey messages directly and effectively
leading to positive action. The project undertook the initiative of designing, testing, and developing innovative OGA models for
all three categories viz a viz the caretakers of under five years children, youth, and young married couples.
To reach the vulnerable population Private Pediatricians, Gynecologists, Beauticians, pharmacists, and chemists were taken
onboard. Uttarakhand's Women's literacy rate for Urban is 81.7% and Rural is 73.6%. This indicator of Women's literacy is
attributed to the success of On Ground activations in the Urban Slums of Dehradun and Haridwar. The following milestones
were achieved during the execution of the OGAs -
1. Training of 40 Beauticians was conducted on Reproductive Health at Gynecologist clinics.
2. Training of 30 volunteers participating in Child Health Diarrhea management innovation tools was taken up by
renowned Private Pediatricians
3. Diarrhea management activities were held at 30 Pediatrics clinics and direct interactions were held with Caregivers of
under 5 years of children on the administration of ORS and ZINC in Diarrheal episodes
4. More than 15 colleges including Jolly Grant Medical college were collaborated with for Adolescent and Safe Sexual
Practices amongst Youth theme-based interventions
5. For all the 3 thematic areas Key opinion leaders were appointed in Urban Slum areas to reinforce the messages on
Diarrhea management, Family Planning among young couples, and safe sexual practices amongst Youth.
Public-Private Partnerships to reach the Vulnerable
On Ground Activation (OGA)-a Multi-Stakeholder And Innovative Approach
Dr. Gauri Bisht Role of NGOs in OGA execution
In order to fulfill Project's needs while executing OGAs, the team roped in local NGOs who would best know the demography, local needs, and challenges. The Local NGOs in all project States proved to be great on-ground agents sharing the same philosophy and rationale in which SHOPS plus OGAs were moving. NGOs saw immediate synergy in the OGAs as they were very easy to replicate and used in urban slum settings.
Family Planning and Safe Sexual practices OGAs
After rigorous monitoring and evaluation and feedback from target audiences and NGO partners, the team scientifically evaluated all tested OGAs and zeroed down to the following OGAs to be finally scaled up in 6 States of Jharkhand, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Assam.
FAMILY PLANNING
1. Bindaas Binita- Beauty parlor activity with headphones giving messages on FP choicespostpartum depression
2. World War -3 – Nukkad Natak in all Urban slum areas SAFE SEX PRACTICES
1. Fix The Risk- College activity with Students 2. Bestie- Best friend activity in colleges, malls and roads
CHILD HEALTH OGAs
Although parents in cities rush their children with diarrhea to doctors or hospitals and seek proper health care, yet research shows that they do not follow the ORS+Zinc regime as the first line of treatment, as is required. Findings and results of the pilots were also scientifically evaluated and on that basis of scalability, feasibility, etc. following OGAs were then scaled up in Urban Slums of Dehradun and Haridwar.
DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT for under 5 children 1. Knock Knock Kaun Hai- Door to door Survey 2. Log Jankar Mohall Shandar- Community level acti 3. I-Shapath- Chemist participation program 4. Direct Contact Program- At Pedi atricians Clinics with parents and caregivers of under 5 yrs of children 5. Khel-Khel Mai - With the help of VR Games, tablet game on diarrhea, puzzle game
vity with the help of Local Key Opinion Leader
Article Article 21212020
Many Health Programs have been running across India over the years to cater to the needs of the vulnerable population. However, all these years of health programs have indicated the need for innovation through multi-stakeholder participation especially Public-Private partnerships. Several innovations in areas of family planning, Child Health were tested and scaled in the State of Uttarakhand through SHOPS Plus (Sustaining Health Outcomes through the Private Sector) projects. SHOPS Plus is USAID's flagship initiative that seeks to harness full potential of the private sector and catalyze public-private engagement to improve overall health outcomes in Family Planning (FP), HIV/AIDS, Maternal and Child Health (MCH), and Tuberculosis (TB). The project aimed to increase the use of family planning, diarrhea management and TB treatment products and services among the urban poor in eight states of Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi- NCR, Jharkhand, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttarakhand. Covering 15 urban slums of Dehradun and Haridwar the project was implemented for one and a half years from March 2019- September 2020. One of the key aspects of the project was to bring social and behavioral change through innovative communication tools and campaigns.
Innovations through On-Ground Activation (OGA)
OGA is a pre-decided activity comprising of campaign / events / activities or sharing of experiences through direct
communication that enables the stakeholder to engage with the target audience and build a bond with them around the
products or services offered, with the key purpose to get them to act by taking decisions based on informed consent. OGAs aim
to change the behaviors of beneficiaries through direct communication with them. The success of OGAs lies in converting the
target audience's or customer's participation into a memorable experience; helping to convey messages directly and effectively
leading to positive action. The project undertook the initiative of designing, testing, and developing innovative OGA models for
all three categories viz a viz the caretakers of under five years children, youth, and young married couples.
To reach the vulnerable population Private Pediatricians, Gynecologists, Beauticians, pharmacists, and chemists were taken
onboard. Uttarakhand's Women's literacy rate for Urban is 81.7% and Rural is 73.6%. This indicator of Women's literacy is
attributed to the success of On Ground activations in the Urban Slums of Dehradun and Haridwar. The following milestones
were achieved during the execution of the OGAs -
1. Training of 40 Beauticians was conducted on Reproductive Health at Gynecologist clinics.
2. Training of 30 volunteers participating in Child Health Diarrhea management innovation tools was taken up by
renowned Private Pediatricians
3. Diarrhea management activities were held at 30 Pediatrics clinics and direct interactions were held with Caregivers of
under 5 years of children on the administration of ORS and ZINC in Diarrheal episodes
4. More than 15 colleges including Jolly Grant Medical college were collaborated with for Adolescent and Safe Sexual
Practices amongst Youth theme-based interventions
5. For all the 3 thematic areas Key opinion leaders were appointed in Urban Slum areas to reinforce the messages on
Diarrhea management, Family Planning among young couples, and safe sexual practices amongst Youth.
Public-Private Partnerships to reach the Vulnerable
On Ground Activation (OGA)-a Multi-Stakeholder And Innovative Approach
Dr. Gauri Bisht Role of NGOs in OGA execution
In order to fulfill Project's needs while executing OGAs, the team roped in local NGOs who would best know the demography, local needs, and challenges. The Local NGOs in all project States proved to be great on-ground agents sharing the same philosophy and rationale in which SHOPS plus OGAs were moving. NGOs saw immediate synergy in the OGAs as they were very easy to replicate and used in urban slum settings.
Family Planning and Safe Sexual practices OGAs
After rigorous monitoring and evaluation and feedback from target audiences and NGO partners, the team scientifically evaluated all tested OGAs and zeroed down to the following OGAs to be finally scaled up in 6 States of Jharkhand, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Assam.
FAMILY PLANNING
1. Bindaas Binita- Beauty parlor activity with headphones giving messages on FP choicespostpartum depression
2. World War -3 – Nukkad Natak in all Urban slum areas SAFE SEX PRACTICES
1. Fix The Risk- College activity with Students 2. Bestie- Best friend activity in colleges, malls and roads
CHILD HEALTH OGAs
Although parents in cities rush their children with diarrhea to doctors or hospitals and seek proper health care, yet research shows that they do not follow the ORS+Zinc regime as the first line of treatment, as is required. Findings and results of the pilots were also scientifically evaluated and on that basis of scalability, feasibility, etc. following OGAs were then scaled up in Urban Slums of Dehradun and Haridwar.
DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT for under 5 children 1. Knock Knock Kaun Hai- Door to door Survey 2. Log Jankar Mohall Shandar- Community level acti 3. I-Shapath- Chemist participation program 4. Direct Contact Program- At Pedi atricians Clinics with parents and caregivers of under 5 yrs of children 5. Khel-Khel Mai - With the help of VR Games, tablet game on diarrhea, puzzle game
vity with the help of Local Key Opinion Leader
Article Article 21212020
The National Health Mission (NHM) Uttarakhand used the Television commercials (TVCs) on Family Planning and Child Health and have also telecasted the same on radio channels as well as featured the TVCs in movie halls across Uttarakhand. The effectiveness of these resources was appreciated by many officials, evident by the feedback received from some of them.
“The TVCs developed by SHOPS Plus team are very crisp,
informative and a support for Child Health and Family
Planning interventions across State”, Sri Y K Pant ,Mission
Director ,National Health Mission ,Uttarakhand.
“NHM will use these TVCs and the TVCs will be shared on
platforms as IEC tools for Family planning and Diarrhea
Management in Cinema Halls ,Radio Spots and Hon CM's
Facebook page for more and more reach” Dr Pankaj Singh ,
Officer Incharge, IEC ,Community Medicine ,NHM
,Uttarakhand
The project also engaged 5 NGOs and 1 Medical College who adopted 7 OGAs and many tools like color TV, Dorie game and its customized forms on Diarrhea management, Adolescent Health, and Family Planning. NGOs also adopted the questionnaire on Menstrual Hygiene, COVID 19, Financial literacy, and Diarrhea management at home during their outreach activities and projects. Bindaas Binita Audio tool got overwhelming uptake due to its nature of being a low-cost intervention which can be used at various settings like ANCs at Govt and private hospitals, AWWs, Self-Help Group meetings, Mahila Swasthya Samiti meetings at Urban Slums. All the TVCs on Family planning and Child Health have been handed over to all NGOs as well as to the Child Health and Family planning Division of the National Health Mission, Uttarakhand. State incurred the budget on airing all TVCs during movie intervals in all major Cinema halls across Uttarakhand. On World Population Day Jolly Grant Medical college aired all Family planning TVCs in their Medical college campus and at CHC Doiwala. Medical College also participated in Youth Centric OGA “Fix the Risk”. The augmented and customized form of Bindaas Binita audio focuses on Postpartum depression among new mothers and family planning choices. Through these interventions SDGs were also aimed at by promoting partnerships like Public and private in Health sector (SDG17) ,Health seeking behavior for Good Health and Well Being (SDG 3) and last but not the least Responsible consumption (SDG 12) where mindful use of antibiotics for children suffering from diahhrea was encouraged and interventions like use of ORS and ZINC was encouraged by Pediatricians and parents as first line of treatment . In the Context of Uttarakhand, where we witness a lot of migration from hills to plain districts increasing the population of urban poor and urban slums such innovations should be focused regularly through Urban PHCs, Government Hospitals and medical colleges who are directly catering to the medical needs of the Urban poor.
Heart Warming Results in the State of Uttarakhand
CHILD HEALTH Uttarakhand
Khel Khel Mein 7546
Comedy Ki Sham 195
Jodi Premier League 85
Kiska Baby 119
Direct Contact Program 9060
I-shapath 402
Knock Knock Kaun hai 1311
110
Survey 3700
Grand Total 22528
FAMILY PLANNING (Married)
Aapka Apne BIG BOSS Lounge 54
8033
Virtual Reality Game 122
World War 3 5317
Grand Total 13526
Safe Sex Practices (Unmarried)
Bestie 14350
Fix The Risk 2643
Hotness Quotient 458
No C no YES 0
Grand Total 17451
Total reach of OGA activities
Kuch Kuch dekha hai
Bindaas Binita
A 100% clean economy means producing no more pollution than what can be removed¹- it is much more than simply
using more renewable energy to fulfill the energy needs. It implies the overall development of clean technologies and processes
to transform all activities in a way that net pollution caused is ZERO. Such a transformation presents a massive opportunity for
jobs and wealth creation.
The consensus among the policy makers is that the young state of Uttarakhand with its challenging geography and limited land
availability for commercial purposes is naturally constrained in developing as a traditional manufacturing-based industrial
centre. On the other hand, the state is endowed with a wealth of natural advantages such as fresh air, freshwater, high
biodiversity, diverse agro-climatic zones, and large forest cover. The residents of the state have repeatedly demonstrated high
sensitivity towards environment conservation. A large number of academic and research institutions have ensured that 76.31%
population² of the state is literate and majority of the workforce is mid-skilled³.
The following article attempts to make a point for a clean/green tech focus onUttarakhand's economic development which
when combined with the natural and demographic advantages of the state could provide it with a distinct competitive
advantage on the national and international scale in the form of skilled workforce, knowledge services, and potential
knowledge exports.
Clean Economy Development
The estimated value (Flow Value) for the ecosystem services provided by Uttarakhand has been calculated to be around 1,00,00 4 5crore/year, which is around 43% of the State GDP and is around 11% of the overall ecosystem services provided by the Indian
6 Himalayan Region. The XVth Finance Commission has increased the Forest and Ecology weights from 7.5% to 10% to
determine the vertical devolution of funds and first time they have introduced the word Ecology along with forest as a
devolution parameter. So far, some incentives can be seen through Finance Commission grants but the fund realization has
been meagre as compared to the estimated value of the service provided. In the
absence of any country-level mechanism to generate resources to pay for such services,
the extent to which such services could be paid for remains unpredictable.
Nevertheless, the potential value of raw (unprocessed) “green” resources available in the
state has been established. The demand for payment of ecosystem services arises from 2
reasons:
a) Costs incurred in the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem with ample capacity for
carbon sequestration and climate protection.
b) Indirect costs incurred by placing restrictions on the industrial (and development)
activities in the concerned area.
Clean Economy: From Estimation to Towards Realization
Nitesh Kaushik, National Expert-Technology Transfer, UNIDO
“Some 14 years ago, Kuhan village in Himachal Pradesh's Kangra district, started cash payment to another village upstream to ensure that the latter stopping grazing in a common land. This led to less silt flow downstream and saved Kuhan village's crucial check dam that caters to its water demand.
The municipality of Palampur city in Himachal Pradesh pays the communities living upstream water source for keeping the
5catchment intact.”
Article Article 23232222
The National Health Mission (NHM) Uttarakhand used the Television commercials (TVCs) on Family Planning and Child Health and have also telecasted the same on radio channels as well as featured the TVCs in movie halls across Uttarakhand. The effectiveness of these resources was appreciated by many officials, evident by the feedback received from some of them.
“The TVCs developed by SHOPS Plus team are very crisp,
informative and a support for Child Health and Family
Planning interventions across State”, Sri Y K Pant ,Mission
Director ,National Health Mission ,Uttarakhand.
“NHM will use these TVCs and the TVCs will be shared on
platforms as IEC tools for Family planning and Diarrhea
Management in Cinema Halls ,Radio Spots and Hon CM's
Facebook page for more and more reach” Dr Pankaj Singh ,
Officer Incharge, IEC ,Community Medicine ,NHM
,Uttarakhand
The project also engaged 5 NGOs and 1 Medical College who adopted 7 OGAs and many tools like color TV, Dorie game and its customized forms on Diarrhea management, Adolescent Health, and Family Planning. NGOs also adopted the questionnaire on Menstrual Hygiene, COVID 19, Financial literacy, and Diarrhea management at home during their outreach activities and projects. Bindaas Binita Audio tool got overwhelming uptake due to its nature of being a low-cost intervention which can be used at various settings like ANCs at Govt and private hospitals, AWWs, Self-Help Group meetings, Mahila Swasthya Samiti meetings at Urban Slums. All the TVCs on Family planning and Child Health have been handed over to all NGOs as well as to the Child Health and Family planning Division of the National Health Mission, Uttarakhand. State incurred the budget on airing all TVCs during movie intervals in all major Cinema halls across Uttarakhand. On World Population Day Jolly Grant Medical college aired all Family planning TVCs in their Medical college campus and at CHC Doiwala. Medical College also participated in Youth Centric OGA “Fix the Risk”. The augmented and customized form of Bindaas Binita audio focuses on Postpartum depression among new mothers and family planning choices. Through these interventions SDGs were also aimed at by promoting partnerships like Public and private in Health sector (SDG17) ,Health seeking behavior for Good Health and Well Being (SDG 3) and last but not the least Responsible consumption (SDG 12) where mindful use of antibiotics for children suffering from diahhrea was encouraged and interventions like use of ORS and ZINC was encouraged by Pediatricians and parents as first line of treatment . In the Context of Uttarakhand, where we witness a lot of migration from hills to plain districts increasing the population of urban poor and urban slums such innovations should be focused regularly through Urban PHCs, Government Hospitals and medical colleges who are directly catering to the medical needs of the Urban poor.
Heart Warming Results in the State of Uttarakhand
CHILD HEALTH Uttarakhand
Khel Khel Mein 7546
Comedy Ki Sham 195
Jodi Premier League 85
Kiska Baby 119
Direct Contact Program 9060
I-shapath 402
Knock Knock Kaun hai 1311
110
Survey 3700
Grand Total 22528
FAMILY PLANNING (Married)
Aapka Apne BIG BOSS Lounge 54
8033
Virtual Reality Game 122
World War 3 5317
Grand Total 13526
Safe Sex Practices (Unmarried)
Bestie 14350
Fix The Risk 2643
Hotness Quotient 458
No C no YES 0
Grand Total 17451
Total reach of OGA activities
Kuch Kuch dekha hai
Bindaas Binita
A 100% clean economy means producing no more pollution than what can be removed¹- it is much more than simply
using more renewable energy to fulfill the energy needs. It implies the overall development of clean technologies and processes
to transform all activities in a way that net pollution caused is ZERO. Such a transformation presents a massive opportunity for
jobs and wealth creation.
The consensus among the policy makers is that the young state of Uttarakhand with its challenging geography and limited land
availability for commercial purposes is naturally constrained in developing as a traditional manufacturing-based industrial
centre. On the other hand, the state is endowed with a wealth of natural advantages such as fresh air, freshwater, high
biodiversity, diverse agro-climatic zones, and large forest cover. The residents of the state have repeatedly demonstrated high
sensitivity towards environment conservation. A large number of academic and research institutions have ensured that 76.31%
population² of the state is literate and majority of the workforce is mid-skilled³.
The following article attempts to make a point for a clean/green tech focus onUttarakhand's economic development which
when combined with the natural and demographic advantages of the state could provide it with a distinct competitive
advantage on the national and international scale in the form of skilled workforce, knowledge services, and potential
knowledge exports.
Clean Economy Development
The estimated value (Flow Value) for the ecosystem services provided by Uttarakhand has been calculated to be around 1,00,00 4 5crore/year, which is around 43% of the State GDP and is around 11% of the overall ecosystem services provided by the Indian
6 Himalayan Region. The XVth Finance Commission has increased the Forest and Ecology weights from 7.5% to 10% to
determine the vertical devolution of funds and first time they have introduced the word Ecology along with forest as a
devolution parameter. So far, some incentives can be seen through Finance Commission grants but the fund realization has
been meagre as compared to the estimated value of the service provided. In the
absence of any country-level mechanism to generate resources to pay for such services,
the extent to which such services could be paid for remains unpredictable.
Nevertheless, the potential value of raw (unprocessed) “green” resources available in the
state has been established. The demand for payment of ecosystem services arises from 2
reasons:
a) Costs incurred in the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem with ample capacity for
carbon sequestration and climate protection.
b) Indirect costs incurred by placing restrictions on the industrial (and development)
activities in the concerned area.
Clean Economy: From Estimation to Towards Realization
Nitesh Kaushik, National Expert-Technology Transfer, UNIDO
“Some 14 years ago, Kuhan village in Himachal Pradesh's Kangra district, started cash payment to another village upstream to ensure that the latter stopping grazing in a common land. This led to less silt flow downstream and saved Kuhan village's crucial check dam that caters to its water demand.
The municipality of Palampur city in Himachal Pradesh pays the communities living upstream water source for keeping the
5catchment intact.”
Article Article 23232222
Uttarakhand – Leveraging Strengths to Create Opportunities
Arguments in favour of receiving payment for ecological services stress on the costs incurred during the whole process of 7maintaining ecosystems in fitness levels enough to continue providing the services . Thus, it is up to the policy planners to
develop creative frameworks to unlock and realize the value of the available raw “green” resources through productization. It must also be noted that while calculating Gross Environment Product (GEP) quality and quantity of forests, air, water, soil, etc are measured and taken into account. Any change in qualitative/quantitative (or both) aspects of the environment has a direct implication on the overall GEP value. While the state GDP represents the economic growth of Uttarakhand, the change in environment product value will represent the potential of the achievable economic growth in a sustainable manner. Therefore,
it makes sense for the policy makers to invest in improving (or at least maintaining the current value) of the overall state environment product value by improving the
8quantity/quality of forests, air, water, soil, etc .Two panchayats of district Almora, Uttarakhand,Toli and Dhauli were selected for a Kyoto protocol experiment to support the case of community forestry to get payments for their carbon savings.
Uttarakhand with its bouquet of ecosystem services (inherent strength of the state)
stands to benefit from these developments. Implementation of SDG 9 – which
focuses on building resilient infrastructure, promotion of inclusive and
sustainable industry, and fostering innovation – presents an opportunity to
build upon the strengths of the state and fuel its long-term sustainable growth.
9.4 By 2030, upgrade
infrastructure and retrofit
industries to make them
sustainable, with increased
resource-use efficiency and
greater adoption of clean
and environmentally sound
technologies and industrial
processes, with all countries
taking action in accordance
with their respective
capabilities
9.b. Support domestic technology development, research, and innovation in developing countries including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities
9.c Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in the least developed countries by 2020
9.5. Enhance Scientific Research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries including, by 2030 encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the development workers per 1 million people and private research and development spending.
9a. Facilitate sustainable
and resilient infrastructure
development in developing
countries through
enhanced financial,
technological, and technical
support to African countries,
least developed countries,
landlocked developing
countries, and small island
states
Target 9.4, 9.5, 9a, 9b, and 9c – all point in this direction
Currently, ecosystem services cover carbon sequestration and storage, watershed development and protection, non-domestic biodiversity protection and forest protection. In light of the Paris Accord on Climate Change 2015 signatory countries are expected to exercise more national, sub-national control over climate policies leading to the setting up of national and regional Emission Trading Systems (ETS) giving rise to a renewed interest in carbon credits and offsets with greater demand
9, 10. for projects which result in direct carbon removal India has also been considering setting up its own ETS, state of Gujrat has 11. already started a pilot ETS to implement a cap-and-trade model
Progress on SDG 9 is linked to the achievement of other SDG targets as well. It has direct implications on job creation, sustainable livelihoods, improved health, technology and skills development, gender equality, food security, green technologies, and climate change.
Though Uttarakhand is poised to reap the benefits of favourable demography, currently there are several challenges associated with the demographic dividend: Mid-skilled professionals are about 65.5% of the workforce. They won't engage in lower-skilled jobs and only a limited number of high skilled jobs are available. This contributes to out-migration from the state where educated and skilled individuals move out of Uttarakhand for better opportunities. Investing in cleantech / green tech can open new opportunities for this mid-skilled workforce to consider up skilling while staying in Uttarakhand only. As per the HDR 2018 report,
3youth unemployment rate in Uttarakhand is 17.4% (Dehradun is as high as 30%) . High dependency ratio of 1:5 puts additional strain on the disposable income of the households, hence the capacity to absorb economic shocks may not be very robust. Surveys on the economic impact of the pandemic have shown that over 30% MSMEs are going to cease their operations or
13.shutdown permanently Experts have already started predicting a significant rise in process automation, thus changing the skill 14. requirement and job availability dynamics for the workforce Choosing to focus on upcoming sectors such as clean tech / green
tech may help the state government in providing employable skills which are relevant to the future needs of the industry.
Uttarakhand is suitably positioned for long-term gains from achieving these targets.= It is a relatively young state and is yet to make decisive investments and commit it self to a specific pathway towards industrial
development. – State may consider making a policy decision to focus on cleantech / Greentech to drive the economic growth 15 in the state. Recent developments such as new found enthusiasm in the US markets towards cleantech investments the
16announcement by Reliance Industries related to future investments in the cleantech space , etc. clearly indicate a promising future for cleantech.
As identified in the Uttarakhand Vision 2030 document, Tourism (Eco-tourism, rural tourism, adventure tourism, leisure tourism, spiritual tourism), agriculture (hill agriculture, medicinal and aromatic plants and horticulture), Ayush (wellness, yoga and spiritual), Energy (small hydro power and renewable energy) and Forests (ecosystem services and NTFPs) have been identified as potential economic growth drivers of the state – each sector with ample potential for adoption of clean tech.
Few Examples of relevant technologies in various phases of commercialization in the country which can be promoted in Uttarakhand:
8 Small scale pellet-based gasifier burner to ensure full-combustion of biomass – can work and can be optimized to work with pirul based pellets.
8 IoT-based metering of water to identify leakages and enable precise metering of water used.8 High-efficiency energy storage systems. State government's flagship “Saur Startup Yojna” can benefit from the adoption of
these high-efficiency energy storage systems. 8 High-efficiency rapid charging for EVs (Electric vehicles).8 Powertrains for high load-bearing applications of EVs.8 Efficient and non-fossil fuel dependant methods to establish cold chain using thermal energy storage.8 Hand-cranked, rechargeable, IoT-enabled defibrillator to provide cardiac emergency response in remote areas.8 Second life Li-ion battery packs to reduce the burden of E-waste.8 Commercial grade water extraction from the air to provide safe, renewable water to remote areas where the costs of laying
pipelines and distribution systems are too high. 8 High-efficiency home appliances and industrial equipment.8 Fully compostable bioplastics.8 Advanced nano-material (for eg: graphene) based filters for drinking water supply.8 Efficient peak-load power management through integrated energy storage solutions.
Article Article 25252424
Uttarakhand – Leveraging Strengths to Create Opportunities
Arguments in favour of receiving payment for ecological services stress on the costs incurred during the whole process of 7maintaining ecosystems in fitness levels enough to continue providing the services . Thus, it is up to the policy planners to
develop creative frameworks to unlock and realize the value of the available raw “green” resources through productization. It must also be noted that while calculating Gross Environment Product (GEP) quality and quantity of forests, air, water, soil, etc are measured and taken into account. Any change in qualitative/quantitative (or both) aspects of the environment has a direct implication on the overall GEP value. While the state GDP represents the economic growth of Uttarakhand, the change in environment product value will represent the potential of the achievable economic growth in a sustainable manner. Therefore,
it makes sense for the policy makers to invest in improving (or at least maintaining the current value) of the overall state environment product value by improving the
8quantity/quality of forests, air, water, soil, etc .Two panchayats of district Almora, Uttarakhand,Toli and Dhauli were selected for a Kyoto protocol experiment to support the case of community forestry to get payments for their carbon savings.
Uttarakhand with its bouquet of ecosystem services (inherent strength of the state)
stands to benefit from these developments. Implementation of SDG 9 – which
focuses on building resilient infrastructure, promotion of inclusive and
sustainable industry, and fostering innovation – presents an opportunity to
build upon the strengths of the state and fuel its long-term sustainable growth.
9.4 By 2030, upgrade
infrastructure and retrofit
industries to make them
sustainable, with increased
resource-use efficiency and
greater adoption of clean
and environmentally sound
technologies and industrial
processes, with all countries
taking action in accordance
with their respective
capabilities
9.b. Support domestic technology development, research, and innovation in developing countries including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities
9.c Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in the least developed countries by 2020
9.5. Enhance Scientific Research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries including, by 2030 encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the development workers per 1 million people and private research and development spending.
9a. Facilitate sustainable
and resilient infrastructure
development in developing
countries through
enhanced financial,
technological, and technical
support to African countries,
least developed countries,
landlocked developing
countries, and small island
states
Target 9.4, 9.5, 9a, 9b, and 9c – all point in this direction
Currently, ecosystem services cover carbon sequestration and storage, watershed development and protection, non-domestic biodiversity protection and forest protection. In light of the Paris Accord on Climate Change 2015 signatory countries are expected to exercise more national, sub-national control over climate policies leading to the setting up of national and regional Emission Trading Systems (ETS) giving rise to a renewed interest in carbon credits and offsets with greater demand
9, 10. for projects which result in direct carbon removal India has also been considering setting up its own ETS, state of Gujrat has 11. already started a pilot ETS to implement a cap-and-trade model
Progress on SDG 9 is linked to the achievement of other SDG targets as well. It has direct implications on job creation, sustainable livelihoods, improved health, technology and skills development, gender equality, food security, green technologies, and climate change.
Though Uttarakhand is poised to reap the benefits of favourable demography, currently there are several challenges associated with the demographic dividend: Mid-skilled professionals are about 65.5% of the workforce. They won't engage in lower-skilled jobs and only a limited number of high skilled jobs are available. This contributes to out-migration from the state where educated and skilled individuals move out of Uttarakhand for better opportunities. Investing in cleantech / green tech can open new opportunities for this mid-skilled workforce to consider up skilling while staying in Uttarakhand only. As per the HDR 2018 report,
3youth unemployment rate in Uttarakhand is 17.4% (Dehradun is as high as 30%) . High dependency ratio of 1:5 puts additional strain on the disposable income of the households, hence the capacity to absorb economic shocks may not be very robust. Surveys on the economic impact of the pandemic have shown that over 30% MSMEs are going to cease their operations or
13.shutdown permanently Experts have already started predicting a significant rise in process automation, thus changing the skill 14. requirement and job availability dynamics for the workforce Choosing to focus on upcoming sectors such as clean tech / green
tech may help the state government in providing employable skills which are relevant to the future needs of the industry.
Uttarakhand is suitably positioned for long-term gains from achieving these targets.= It is a relatively young state and is yet to make decisive investments and commit it self to a specific pathway towards industrial
development. – State may consider making a policy decision to focus on cleantech / Greentech to drive the economic growth 15 in the state. Recent developments such as new found enthusiasm in the US markets towards cleantech investments the
16announcement by Reliance Industries related to future investments in the cleantech space , etc. clearly indicate a promising future for cleantech.
As identified in the Uttarakhand Vision 2030 document, Tourism (Eco-tourism, rural tourism, adventure tourism, leisure tourism, spiritual tourism), agriculture (hill agriculture, medicinal and aromatic plants and horticulture), Ayush (wellness, yoga and spiritual), Energy (small hydro power and renewable energy) and Forests (ecosystem services and NTFPs) have been identified as potential economic growth drivers of the state – each sector with ample potential for adoption of clean tech.
Few Examples of relevant technologies in various phases of commercialization in the country which can be promoted in Uttarakhand:
8 Small scale pellet-based gasifier burner to ensure full-combustion of biomass – can work and can be optimized to work with pirul based pellets.
8 IoT-based metering of water to identify leakages and enable precise metering of water used.8 High-efficiency energy storage systems. State government's flagship “Saur Startup Yojna” can benefit from the adoption of
these high-efficiency energy storage systems. 8 High-efficiency rapid charging for EVs (Electric vehicles).8 Powertrains for high load-bearing applications of EVs.8 Efficient and non-fossil fuel dependant methods to establish cold chain using thermal energy storage.8 Hand-cranked, rechargeable, IoT-enabled defibrillator to provide cardiac emergency response in remote areas.8 Second life Li-ion battery packs to reduce the burden of E-waste.8 Commercial grade water extraction from the air to provide safe, renewable water to remote areas where the costs of laying
pipelines and distribution systems are too high. 8 High-efficiency home appliances and industrial equipment.8 Fully compostable bioplastics.8 Advanced nano-material (for eg: graphene) based filters for drinking water supply.8 Efficient peak-load power management through integrated energy storage solutions.
Article Article 25252424
=
per a study funded by Department of Scientific and Industrial Research “Framework of University Industry Linkages (UILs) in Research” conducted by PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, published in 2019, top innovation sectors for Uttarakhand are Tourism, IT & ITES, Agro and Food Processing, Engineering and Hydropower. The study has also provided insights into the industry-academia interface in the state. Active industry-academia linkages are considered to be indispensable for cultivating productive innovation ecosystems.
A number of government and private academic and research organizations are actively present in the state. – As
StateCurrent Ranking in UILSectors with high potential for Innovation in the state
Aspects of UILs where Uttarakhand performed well
Aspects of UILs where the score was low
Uttarakhand11thIT and ITES, Agro and Food Processing, Tourism, Engineering and Hydropower
= Availability of Universities for the industries.= Interaction of industries with the universities.= University support in providing high-quality solutions to the
industry.= Interaction of industries with the students through
internships etc.
=
industry.= Frequency of interaction between the universities and
industry.= MOUs / Formalized collaboration between universities
and industry.= Patents gained in the last 5 years.= Continuity of research activities.
Frequency of industry interaction with the students.
Continuity of interaction between the universities and
Policy makers may consider strengthening the already existing interface by a) inviting successful models to the state.
and/or b) by in centivizing successful achievement of UIL milestones in the state. 17
= – Unique geography and complex ecosystems automatically demand a focussed approach towards sustainability – These factors combined offer natural conditions for developing and doing technology validation of new clean/green technologies.
= Demographic dividend from a higher number of working-age individuals expected to join the workforce every
year. – Uttarakhand has entered the demographic dividend phase and Education and Skilling institutions are being upgraded to equip the younger generation with the required knowledge and skills to become productive. Taking a head-start in clean tech green industries can provide a distinct edge to the Uttarakhand workforce.
Presence of almost all agro-climatic zones
Article Article 27272626
=
generate additional revenues as they gain acceptance in the
carbon credit trading regime. – So far farming activities were not included in the emission trading systems. With the identification and popularization of traditional farming practices which directly result in reducing carbon footprint, it is expected that traditional sustainable farming practices will be encouraged by including them into the carbon credit trading regime.
Traditional sustainable farming practices are expected to “A Kerala Agriculture University research
on Muthuran t r ibe ' s t rad i t iona l
ragi (finger millet) farming found it
contributed greatly to the protection of
biodiversity and made local sources of
earning climate-resistant.If the tribe is paid
for this ecological service, the government
would annually give Rs 1,668 / hectare for 5each variety of finger millet.”
Suggestions:
For Uttarakhand to make quick strides towards realizing green industrialization across the potential sectors following suggestions may be considered:
= A dedicated cell/team may be appointed to identify appropriate clean/green technologies relevant to the statedevelopment. Such a cell/team would be critical to
a) identify opportunities and threats of the technological developments to the industry and livelihoods in Uttarakhand;
b) identify leapfrog opportunities to adopt technology adoption so that higher returns on investment may be realized. For eg: India skipped the adoption of large scale fixed line telephon networks and pagers to directly adopt mobiletechnology, thus reaching an unmatched degree of mobile connectivity and access to the internet (= information);
c) draft state-specific problem statements to organize innovation challenges and attract relevant cleantech solutions to the state.
d) identify retrofitting opportunities to quickly bring benefits of the latest in cleantech / Greentech to the state.
e) identify productization opportunities for Uttarakhand based knowledge/skills;
= Outreach to organizations/teams supporting cleantech innovation ecosystem in the country may be considered. FLCTD project of UNIDO, Accelerator Labs of UNDP and Project AGNIi of NITI Aayog are some examples of reputed platforms tostart engaging with the national and international cleantech ecosystem. Leveraging on the already existing platformscould be a cost-effective method for the state to gain access to the latest in cleantech. By getting its workforce exposedto the latest in cleantech, it will create opportunities for incremental innovation and business model innovations. Eventually, after a certain degree of maturity has been achieved, disruptive innovations can be expected.
= Regular information sessions about latest in clean-tech / green tech, knowledge exchange events and hack-a-thons may be organized to facilitate and encourage innovators in Uttarakhand.
= The state government may consider using its infrastructure to provide testing/validation/commercializationopportunities to upcoming innovations in the cleantech space.
= Set-up of a dedicated Cleantech / Greentech Incubator focussing on Technology incubation may be considered. Alternatively, existing incubators may be provided training to build their capacities for incubating core technology innovations in the cleantech / Greentech space.
=
per a study funded by Department of Scientific and Industrial Research “Framework of University Industry Linkages (UILs) in Research” conducted by PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, published in 2019, top innovation sectors for Uttarakhand are Tourism, IT & ITES, Agro and Food Processing, Engineering and Hydropower. The study has also provided insights into the industry-academia interface in the state. Active industry-academia linkages are considered to be indispensable for cultivating productive innovation ecosystems.
A number of government and private academic and research organizations are actively present in the state. – As
StateCurrent Ranking in UILSectors with high potential for Innovation in the state
Aspects of UILs where Uttarakhand performed well
Aspects of UILs where the score was low
Uttarakhand11thIT and ITES, Agro and Food Processing, Tourism, Engineering and Hydropower
= Availability of Universities for the industries.= Interaction of industries with the universities.= University support in providing high-quality solutions to the
industry.= Interaction of industries with the students through
internships etc.
=
industry.= Frequency of interaction between the universities and
industry.= MOUs / Formalized collaboration between universities
and industry.= Patents gained in the last 5 years.= Continuity of research activities.
Frequency of industry interaction with the students.
Continuity of interaction between the universities and
Policy makers may consider strengthening the already existing interface by a) inviting successful models to the state.
and/or b) by in centivizing successful achievement of UIL milestones in the state. 17
= – Unique geography and complex ecosystems automatically demand a focussed approach towards sustainability – These factors combined offer natural conditions for developing and doing technology validation of new clean/green technologies.
= Demographic dividend from a higher number of working-age individuals expected to join the workforce every
year. – Uttarakhand has entered the demographic dividend phase and Education and Skilling institutions are being upgraded to equip the younger generation with the required knowledge and skills to become productive. Taking a head-start in clean tech green industries can provide a distinct edge to the Uttarakhand workforce.
Presence of almost all agro-climatic zones
Article Article 27272626
=
generate additional revenues as they gain acceptance in the
carbon credit trading regime. – So far farming activities were not included in the emission trading systems. With the identification and popularization of traditional farming practices which directly result in reducing carbon footprint, it is expected that traditional sustainable farming practices will be encouraged by including them into the carbon credit trading regime.
Traditional sustainable farming practices are expected to “A Kerala Agriculture University research
on Muthuran t r ibe ' s t rad i t iona l
ragi (finger millet) farming found it
contributed greatly to the protection of
biodiversity and made local sources of
earning climate-resistant.If the tribe is paid
for this ecological service, the government
would annually give Rs 1,668 / hectare for 5each variety of finger millet.”
Suggestions:
For Uttarakhand to make quick strides towards realizing green industrialization across the potential sectors following suggestions may be considered:
= A dedicated cell/team may be appointed to identify appropriate clean/green technologies relevant to the statedevelopment. Such a cell/team would be critical to
a) identify opportunities and threats of the technological developments to the industry and livelihoods in Uttarakhand;
b) identify leapfrog opportunities to adopt technology adoption so that higher returns on investment may be realized. For eg: India skipped the adoption of large scale fixed line telephon networks and pagers to directly adopt mobiletechnology, thus reaching an unmatched degree of mobile connectivity and access to the internet (= information);
c) draft state-specific problem statements to organize innovation challenges and attract relevant cleantech solutions to the state.
d) identify retrofitting opportunities to quickly bring benefits of the latest in cleantech / Greentech to the state.
e) identify productization opportunities for Uttarakhand based knowledge/skills;
= Outreach to organizations/teams supporting cleantech innovation ecosystem in the country may be considered. FLCTD project of UNIDO, Accelerator Labs of UNDP and Project AGNIi of NITI Aayog are some examples of reputed platforms tostart engaging with the national and international cleantech ecosystem. Leveraging on the already existing platformscould be a cost-effective method for the state to gain access to the latest in cleantech. By getting its workforce exposedto the latest in cleantech, it will create opportunities for incremental innovation and business model innovations. Eventually, after a certain degree of maturity has been achieved, disruptive innovations can be expected.
= Regular information sessions about latest in clean-tech / green tech, knowledge exchange events and hack-a-thons may be organized to facilitate and encourage innovators in Uttarakhand.
= The state government may consider using its infrastructure to provide testing/validation/commercializationopportunities to upcoming innovations in the cleantech space.
= Set-up of a dedicated Cleantech / Greentech Incubator focussing on Technology incubation may be considered. Alternatively, existing incubators may be provided training to build their capacities for incubating core technology innovations in the cleantech / Greentech space.
[1] Website: Environmental Defense Fund: https://www.edf.org/climate/100-percent-clean
[2] Website: Official website of the Dept. of School Eduation, Government of Uttarakhand: https://schooleducation.uk.gov.in/pages/display/56-literacy-rate
[3] Report: Uttarakhand HDR 2018: https://des.uk.gov.in/files/uttarakhand_human_development_report_.pdf
[4] Report: Green Accounting of Forest Resources: https://des.uk.gov.in/files/Clean_Copy_UK-DES-1.pdf
[5] Article: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/environment/payment-for-ecosystem-services-himalayan-states-should-demand-more-65899
[6]
[7] Article: https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/black_sea_basin/danube_carpathian/our_solutions/green_economy/pes/?
[8] Paper: Using gross ecosystem product (GEP) to value nature in decision making : https://www.pnas.org/content/117/25/14593
[9] Paper: The Future of the Clean Development Mechanism under a New Regime of Higher Climate Ambition
https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/documents/Potential_Supply_of_CDM_Credits.pdf
[10] Report: Status and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2020:
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/33809/9781464815867.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y
[11] Article: https://www.cnbctv18.com/economy/a-trading-platform-for-emissions-here-is-what-we-know-of-indias-first-ets-by-gujarat-3613421.htm
[12] State Indicator Framework: http://cppgg.uk.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/SDG-9.pdf
[13] Article: https://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/second-wave-threatens-start-ups-msmes-survey/article34652790.ece
[14] Blogpost Article: https://kgpchronicle.iitkgp.ac.in/whats-next-for-msme/
[15] Opinion Article: https://www.livemint.com/opinion/columns/americas-current-clean-tech-investment-boom-is-no-bubble-11616343681833.html
[16] Article: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/reliance-industries-to-invest-rs-75000-crore-on-new-clean-energy-business-over-3-
years/articleshow/83820780.cms?from=mdr
[17] Report: Framework of University Industry Linkages in Research: https://www.phdcci.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Framework-of-University-Industry-
Linkages-in-Research-DSIR-16-Oct_-Forweb.pdf
[18] Project Website: https://www.low-carbon-innovation.org/
[19] Website: https://www.in.undp.org/content/india/en/home/acc-labs-india.html
[20] Project Website: https://www.agnii.gov.in/
References:
Progressing On Sustainable Development Goals by Streamlining Wastewater Management in the Industrial Sector
The Sustainable Development Goal Number 12 aims at 'Ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns'under which, target 12.5 focuses on substantially reducing waste generated through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse, by 2030. The state level indicators to monitor this target include indicators 12.5.5 and 12.5.6 which focus on assessing total liquid industrial waste treated v/s generated and number of industries with zero effluent discharge. Uttarakhand is the source of all major perennial glacier fed rivers of northern India, viz. Ganga, Yamuna and Sharda. This demands persistent protection of surface water and underground water from contamination, so as to provide clean water downstream as well as to protect the ecosystem.
Water contamination occurs from two major sources namely, domestic and industrial in the form of solid waste and liquid waste. The domestic wastewater is termed as sewage and is managed by the Uttarakhand Housing and Urban Development Authority, Peyjal and Jal Sansthan Nigam at different stages. The industrial wastewater is termed as effluent and is treated by industries as well as industrial estates (government) at different stages. The rules framed under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, have provisions for the establishment of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) and Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs).
1Uttarakhand generates 495 MLDs of sewage. Whereas there are only 3 CETPs and 10 STPs in the state treating 10 MLDs and 140.412 MLDs² of wastewater, respectively. The scope of this article remains focussed on industrial wastewater, its treatment and
thdisposal and the practice which also relates to the 12 Goal of the SDGs that talks about responsible consumption and production.
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) comprise a large chunk of the industrial sector in Uttarakhand or for that matter in the whole of the country. They are polluting the environment through their effluents whilst they are unable to afford installation of pollution control equipment.CETPs provide cleaner and economically viable wastewater treatment technology for the SMEs. In 1991, the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of India initiated an innovative financial support scheme for CETPs. The scheme provides fund support in the form of ̇ State Government subsidy- 25% of the project capital cost; Central government matching grants-25%, Loans from financial institutions- 30% of the project capital cost; and Contribution from the SMEs- 20% of the project capital cost³. The textile industry along with tanneries, pharmaceuticals, paper and pulp are few of the major industrial polluters. Before the environmental laws became stringent, huge quantities of freshwater was unsustainably withdrawn and returned to nature in a deteriorated form. Indiscriminate withdrawal of underground water reduces the availability of water downstream as well as for future generations, while the improper treatment and disposal of wastewater has adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health. There is an understandin gpropounded by environmentalists and pollution control experts called as the Polluters Pays Principle, considering this as guiding principle the lawmakers have bound the industries that emit waste water to install Effluent Treatment Plants and treat waste water at source in order to bring it to the inlet effluent quality standards of the CETPs, where the industrial waste water is further treated and brought to the levels that are suitable for being discharged into water bodies or even better by making it potable.
A combination of policy instruments, economic incentives and technical innovations' are contributing to mitigate the negative effects of industrial wastewater. The Environment (Protection) Rules in 1986 list the National Minimum Standards for effluent discharge. Relaxed biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) limits have been fixed, while BOD is a
Smriti Khera, Young Professional, CPPGG
1As reported by SIIDCUL2As reported by Peyjal Nigam3http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/form1a/homelinks/TGM_CETP_010910_NK.pdf
Article Article 29292828
[1] Website: Environmental Defense Fund: https://www.edf.org/climate/100-percent-clean
[2] Website: Official website of the Dept. of School Eduation, Government of Uttarakhand: https://schooleducation.uk.gov.in/pages/display/56-literacy-rate
[3] Report: Uttarakhand HDR 2018: https://des.uk.gov.in/files/uttarakhand_human_development_report_.pdf
[4] Report: Green Accounting of Forest Resources: https://des.uk.gov.in/files/Clean_Copy_UK-DES-1.pdf
[5] Article: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/environment/payment-for-ecosystem-services-himalayan-states-should-demand-more-65899
[6]
[7] Article: https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/black_sea_basin/danube_carpathian/our_solutions/green_economy/pes/?
[8] Paper: Using gross ecosystem product (GEP) to value nature in decision making : https://www.pnas.org/content/117/25/14593
[9] Paper: The Future of the Clean Development Mechanism under a New Regime of Higher Climate Ambition
https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/documents/Potential_Supply_of_CDM_Credits.pdf
[10] Report: Status and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2020:
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/33809/9781464815867.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y
[11] Article: https://www.cnbctv18.com/economy/a-trading-platform-for-emissions-here-is-what-we-know-of-indias-first-ets-by-gujarat-3613421.htm
[12] State Indicator Framework: http://cppgg.uk.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/SDG-9.pdf
[13] Article: https://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/second-wave-threatens-start-ups-msmes-survey/article34652790.ece
[14] Blogpost Article: https://kgpchronicle.iitkgp.ac.in/whats-next-for-msme/
[15] Opinion Article: https://www.livemint.com/opinion/columns/americas-current-clean-tech-investment-boom-is-no-bubble-11616343681833.html
[16] Article: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/reliance-industries-to-invest-rs-75000-crore-on-new-clean-energy-business-over-3-
years/articleshow/83820780.cms?from=mdr
[17] Report: Framework of University Industry Linkages in Research: https://www.phdcci.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Framework-of-University-Industry-
Linkages-in-Research-DSIR-16-Oct_-Forweb.pdf
[18] Project Website: https://www.low-carbon-innovation.org/
[19] Website: https://www.in.undp.org/content/india/en/home/acc-labs-india.html
[20] Project Website: https://www.agnii.gov.in/
References:
Progressing On Sustainable Development Goals by Streamlining Wastewater Management in the Industrial Sector
The Sustainable Development Goal Number 12 aims at 'Ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns'under which, target 12.5 focuses on substantially reducing waste generated through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse, by 2030. The state level indicators to monitor this target include indicators 12.5.5 and 12.5.6 which focus on assessing total liquid industrial waste treated v/s generated and number of industries with zero effluent discharge. Uttarakhand is the source of all major perennial glacier fed rivers of northern India, viz. Ganga, Yamuna and Sharda. This demands persistent protection of surface water and underground water from contamination, so as to provide clean water downstream as well as to protect the ecosystem.
Water contamination occurs from two major sources namely, domestic and industrial in the form of solid waste and liquid waste. The domestic wastewater is termed as sewage and is managed by the Uttarakhand Housing and Urban Development Authority, Peyjal and Jal Sansthan Nigam at different stages. The industrial wastewater is termed as effluent and is treated by industries as well as industrial estates (government) at different stages. The rules framed under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, have provisions for the establishment of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) and Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs).
1Uttarakhand generates 495 MLDs of sewage. Whereas there are only 3 CETPs and 10 STPs in the state treating 10 MLDs and 140.412 MLDs² of wastewater, respectively. The scope of this article remains focussed on industrial wastewater, its treatment and
thdisposal and the practice which also relates to the 12 Goal of the SDGs that talks about responsible consumption and production.
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) comprise a large chunk of the industrial sector in Uttarakhand or for that matter in the whole of the country. They are polluting the environment through their effluents whilst they are unable to afford installation of pollution control equipment.CETPs provide cleaner and economically viable wastewater treatment technology for the SMEs. In 1991, the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of India initiated an innovative financial support scheme for CETPs. The scheme provides fund support in the form of ̇ State Government subsidy- 25% of the project capital cost; Central government matching grants-25%, Loans from financial institutions- 30% of the project capital cost; and Contribution from the SMEs- 20% of the project capital cost³. The textile industry along with tanneries, pharmaceuticals, paper and pulp are few of the major industrial polluters. Before the environmental laws became stringent, huge quantities of freshwater was unsustainably withdrawn and returned to nature in a deteriorated form. Indiscriminate withdrawal of underground water reduces the availability of water downstream as well as for future generations, while the improper treatment and disposal of wastewater has adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health. There is an understandin gpropounded by environmentalists and pollution control experts called as the Polluters Pays Principle, considering this as guiding principle the lawmakers have bound the industries that emit waste water to install Effluent Treatment Plants and treat waste water at source in order to bring it to the inlet effluent quality standards of the CETPs, where the industrial waste water is further treated and brought to the levels that are suitable for being discharged into water bodies or even better by making it potable.
A combination of policy instruments, economic incentives and technical innovations' are contributing to mitigate the negative effects of industrial wastewater. The Environment (Protection) Rules in 1986 list the National Minimum Standards for effluent discharge. Relaxed biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) limits have been fixed, while BOD is a
Smriti Khera, Young Professional, CPPGG
1As reported by SIIDCUL2As reported by Peyjal Nigam3http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/form1a/homelinks/TGM_CETP_010910_NK.pdf
Article Article 29292828
measure of the amount of food that bacteria can oxidise, and COD is the total measurement of all chemicals in the water that can be oxidised. Later, a limit for total dissolved solids (TDS) (a measure for salinity) was set. In September 2015, directions were issued by the Central Pollution Control Board to the effect that all the CETPs were to install continuous effluent monitoring systems. In January 2016, the Ministry of Environment amended the Environment Rules for CETPs and replaced previous standards for
4treated effluents with stricter ones . The continuous effluent monitoring system or real time water quality monitoring systems monitor the ground water extracted, supply of surface water through pipelines, and the quantity and quality of the water at the points of discharge. They help the government to keep a check on the quantum, quality and variation of water with respect to time.
Of the three CETPs in Uttarakhand that run on the Public Private Partnership model, the original capacity of CETP at SIIDCUL Haridwar was 4MLD, but owing to the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Technology it is able to treat 5.2 MLD against which it is receiving an average of 5MLD effluent. The MBBR technology uses polyethylene biofilm carriers to improve reliability, simplify operation, and require less space than traditional wastewater treatment systems. The MBBR technology is an outstanding example of technology that upholds sustainability by design. Out of a total of 531 industries that operate in the State, 510 are connected to the CETP i.e. 96.22% coverage. It has consistently maintained the outlet water quality as per the regulations (see chart below). These factors make this unit the best performer amongst the others.
4Grönwall and Jonsson, 2017: http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol10/v10issue2/372-a10-2-22/file
5Ibid
Article Article 31313030
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
pH (6.5-8.5) 7.41 7.38 7.17 7.02 7.29 7.21
TSS (<100) 17 12 17 7 7 9
COD (<250) 92 87 83 46 52 73
BOD (<30) 20 23 21 10 9 11
0102030405060708090
100
Num
ber
Permissible Standards
Quality of Treated Water at CETP Haridwar Over Last 5 Years
pH (6.5-8.5) TSS (<100) COD (<250) BOD (<30)
Although, CETP Haridwar has set an example for other CETPs in the state and also for the upcoming ones at IIE Sitarganj Phase II and IIE Kashipur, the major challenge is that the cost of effluent treatment is ultimately loaded on the cost of product. Therefore on one hand the economics of the cost of water and its treatment including re-use of treated water has to be worked out to keep the product competitive in the market. On the other hand the cost of pollution of the environment and water bodies has to be weighed in long-term perspective, the ultimate aim being zero liquid discharge (ZLD). In 2016, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change set a new national standard of ZLD, which is ruled by the underlying principle of reduce-reuse-recycle, wherein the benchmark is to reduce loss of water to as less as 3%. The textile cluster of Tirupur in the state of Tamil Nadu is the first in the world to systematically opt for ZLD. Following rigorous legal amendments for a period of five years, “wastewater treatment and recycling of water and inorganic salts had become
5standard practice and the ZLD approach a mantra .”Uttarakhand, along with other Indian states has a lot to learn from Tirupur's trajectory of wastewater treatment.
With three CETPs in operation and other three in the pipeline, Uttarakhand has been effectively directing efforts towards the treatment of industrial wastewater in the SIIDCUL developed industrial areas. What could be problematic is that there are no CETPs outside of SIIDCUL, the informal industries and unplanned industrial areas remain unmonitored and may be emitting toxic wastewater into the ecosystem. This demands exhaustive ground surveying and planning. The state will have to keep adapting dynamic technology, laws and policies to progress towards more sustainable use of water in the industrial sector.
Special thanks to Mr. Lokesh Kumar Sharma, Director- Planning SIIDCUL and Mrs. Anjani Rawat Negi, (PCS), SIIDCUL for their inputs.
measure of the amount of food that bacteria can oxidise, and COD is the total measurement of all chemicals in the water that can be oxidised. Later, a limit for total dissolved solids (TDS) (a measure for salinity) was set. In September 2015, directions were issued by the Central Pollution Control Board to the effect that all the CETPs were to install continuous effluent monitoring systems. In January 2016, the Ministry of Environment amended the Environment Rules for CETPs and replaced previous standards for
4treated effluents with stricter ones . The continuous effluent monitoring system or real time water quality monitoring systems monitor the ground water extracted, supply of surface water through pipelines, and the quantity and quality of the water at the points of discharge. They help the government to keep a check on the quantum, quality and variation of water with respect to time.
Of the three CETPs in Uttarakhand that run on the Public Private Partnership model, the original capacity of CETP at SIIDCUL Haridwar was 4MLD, but owing to the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Technology it is able to treat 5.2 MLD against which it is receiving an average of 5MLD effluent. The MBBR technology uses polyethylene biofilm carriers to improve reliability, simplify operation, and require less space than traditional wastewater treatment systems. The MBBR technology is an outstanding example of technology that upholds sustainability by design. Out of a total of 531 industries that operate in the State, 510 are connected to the CETP i.e. 96.22% coverage. It has consistently maintained the outlet water quality as per the regulations (see chart below). These factors make this unit the best performer amongst the others.
4Grönwall and Jonsson, 2017: http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol10/v10issue2/372-a10-2-22/file
5Ibid
Article Article 31313030
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
pH (6.5-8.5) 7.41 7.38 7.17 7.02 7.29 7.21
TSS (<100) 17 12 17 7 7 9
COD (<250) 92 87 83 46 52 73
BOD (<30) 20 23 21 10 9 11
0102030405060708090
100
Num
ber
Permissible Standards
Quality of Treated Water at CETP Haridwar Over Last 5 Years
pH (6.5-8.5) TSS (<100) COD (<250) BOD (<30)
Although, CETP Haridwar has set an example for other CETPs in the state and also for the upcoming ones at IIE Sitarganj Phase II and IIE Kashipur, the major challenge is that the cost of effluent treatment is ultimately loaded on the cost of product. Therefore on one hand the economics of the cost of water and its treatment including re-use of treated water has to be worked out to keep the product competitive in the market. On the other hand the cost of pollution of the environment and water bodies has to be weighed in long-term perspective, the ultimate aim being zero liquid discharge (ZLD). In 2016, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change set a new national standard of ZLD, which is ruled by the underlying principle of reduce-reuse-recycle, wherein the benchmark is to reduce loss of water to as less as 3%. The textile cluster of Tirupur in the state of Tamil Nadu is the first in the world to systematically opt for ZLD. Following rigorous legal amendments for a period of five years, “wastewater treatment and recycling of water and inorganic salts had become
5standard practice and the ZLD approach a mantra .”Uttarakhand, along with other Indian states has a lot to learn from Tirupur's trajectory of wastewater treatment.
With three CETPs in operation and other three in the pipeline, Uttarakhand has been effectively directing efforts towards the treatment of industrial wastewater in the SIIDCUL developed industrial areas. What could be problematic is that there are no CETPs outside of SIIDCUL, the informal industries and unplanned industrial areas remain unmonitored and may be emitting toxic wastewater into the ecosystem. This demands exhaustive ground surveying and planning. The state will have to keep adapting dynamic technology, laws and policies to progress towards more sustainable use of water in the industrial sector.
Special thanks to Mr. Lokesh Kumar Sharma, Director- Planning SIIDCUL and Mrs. Anjani Rawat Negi, (PCS), SIIDCUL for their inputs.
Dr. Nasim Ahmad Ansari, Project Scientist, Wildlife Institute of India.
Restoring Degraded Ecosystems: challenges and solutions
Ecosystem degradation has emerged as one of the biggest environmental threats around the world over the last three decades and habitat loss is the main global driver of biodiversity loss. Almost all our ecosystems, terrestrial or otherwise, stand degraded to varying degrees due to a mix of factors such as developmental pressures, population growth, over-exploitation, etc. Other stressors include invasive alien species and climate change. However, this provides an opportunity to work in crisis on ecosystem restoration. In many countries, degraded ecosystems represent immense opportunity for
1both biodiversity restoration and human health (CBD, 2011) . Restored ecosystems can improve resilience of both ecosystems and societies, and generate additional benefits for people, particularly indigenous and local communities and the rural poor.
India is among the top ten countries of the world having 21.67% of the geographical area of the country under forest, however, nearly 30% (96mha) of India's land is degraded or facing desertification (Down to Earth, 2021)². Uttarakhand has around 45% of its geographical area under forest cover and nearly 69.4% of the state is experiencing some form of functional degradation, with 21% of the geographical area under high levels of degradation and 8.8% under very high levels of degradation (Bhattacharjee et al., 2018)³. The poorest and most vulnerable people are being affected the most with degradation. There are six major interconnected challenges of ecosystem degradation across the globe, water scarcity, climate change, habitat alteration, biodiversity loss, overexploitations of oceans and nutrient loading. Here, we connect how various policies can provide a cost-effective, efficient, and sustainable way for India to overcome its ecological and socio-economic challenges. Proactive management is the way to achieve SDG15 by combining all strategic measures, from global, regional, national, through to the community level, to manage and mitigate impacts on ecosystems and natural resources.
Introduction
Ecosystem and its services
Ecosystem is a dynamic complex of plant, animal, micro-organism communities and the non-living environment interacting as a functional unit. They exist at all scales, from a grain of soil to the entire planet, and include forests, rivers, wetlands, grasslands, estuaries and coral reefs. Cities and farmlands contain important human-modified ecosystems. The benefits obtained from these ecosystems in terms of 'goods and services' is called ecosystem services and the biodiversity serves the foundation of all ecosystem services. Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms, within species and populations, between species and between ecosystems. Healthy biodiversity enables ecosystem functioning, providing ecosystem services and ultimately resultant in human wellbeing. Marginalized communities benefit most through these ecosystems and its services, as their life is mostly dependent on healthy ecosystems and biodiversity.
1 Convention on Biological Diversity (2011). Contribution of Ecosystem Restoration to the Objectives of the CBD and a Healthy Planet for All People. Abstracts of Posters Presented at the 15th Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 7-11 November 2011, Montreal, Canada. Technical Series No. 62. Montreal, SCBD, 116 pages.2 Down to Earth 2021: State of India's Environment, 2021. A Down to Earth Annual. Centre for Science and Environment. 444p.
3Bhattacharjee, A., Rawal, R.S., Negi, G.C.S., Joshi, R., Sharma, S., Rawat, D.S., Ishwar, N.M., Rawat, J.S., Sinha, P.R., Jia, L., and Merten, J. (2018). Assessing Landscape Restoration Opportunities for Uttarakhand, India. New Delhi, India: IUCN. xiii+85 pp
Article Article 33333232
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) classified the ecosystem services into four categories
Ecosystem restoration is the key solution to prevent, halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide and mitigate the climate crisis. It is the central theme of three Rio Conventions enacted in Rio Earth Summit 1992, the Convention on biological diversity (CBD), the Convention on Land Degradation (UNCCD) and the Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
This year's World Environment Day, United Nations (UN) declared the 'UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, 2021-30' aligning it with the deadline of SDG as of 2030. UN suggested 10 point strategies for implementation and restoration of ecosystems across the world, are given below. These strategies also have co-benefits associated with land restoration such as creating new job avenues and fighting against climate change, biodiversity loss, and climate- induced disasters(www.decadeonrestoration.org/strategy).
1. Empower a global movement 6. Invest in research
2. Finance restoration on the ground 7. Build up capacity
3. Set the right incentives 8. Celebrate a culture of restoration
4. Celebrate leadership 9. Build up the next generation
5. Shift behaviours 10. Listen and learn
Ecosystem Restoration- Global measures
Proactive management approach of ecosystem restoration through Sustainable Development GoalsRestoration of ecosystem is fundamental to achieving the SDGs, mainly those on climate change, poverty eradication, food security, water and biodiversity conservation. Restoration activities will largely contribute to all of the 17 SDGs, in particular to Goal 14 and Goal 15, devoted to protecting and restoring Life under water and Life on Land respectively. Ecosystem is also specifically linked with SDG 1 to end poverty, and SDG 8 on sustainable economic growth, and decent work for all. Therefore, ecosystem restoration should be the responsibility of all sectors and not only Environment sector.
Dr. Nasim Ahmad Ansari, Project Scientist, Wildlife Institute of India.
Restoring Degraded Ecosystems: challenges and solutions
Ecosystem degradation has emerged as one of the biggest environmental threats around the world over the last three decades and habitat loss is the main global driver of biodiversity loss. Almost all our ecosystems, terrestrial or otherwise, stand degraded to varying degrees due to a mix of factors such as developmental pressures, population growth, over-exploitation, etc. Other stressors include invasive alien species and climate change. However, this provides an opportunity to work in crisis on ecosystem restoration. In many countries, degraded ecosystems represent immense opportunity for
1both biodiversity restoration and human health (CBD, 2011) . Restored ecosystems can improve resilience of both ecosystems and societies, and generate additional benefits for people, particularly indigenous and local communities and the rural poor.
India is among the top ten countries of the world having 21.67% of the geographical area of the country under forest, however, nearly 30% (96mha) of India's land is degraded or facing desertification (Down to Earth, 2021)². Uttarakhand has around 45% of its geographical area under forest cover and nearly 69.4% of the state is experiencing some form of functional degradation, with 21% of the geographical area under high levels of degradation and 8.8% under very high levels of degradation (Bhattacharjee et al., 2018)³. The poorest and most vulnerable people are being affected the most with degradation. There are six major interconnected challenges of ecosystem degradation across the globe, water scarcity, climate change, habitat alteration, biodiversity loss, overexploitations of oceans and nutrient loading. Here, we connect how various policies can provide a cost-effective, efficient, and sustainable way for India to overcome its ecological and socio-economic challenges. Proactive management is the way to achieve SDG15 by combining all strategic measures, from global, regional, national, through to the community level, to manage and mitigate impacts on ecosystems and natural resources.
Introduction
Ecosystem and its services
Ecosystem is a dynamic complex of plant, animal, micro-organism communities and the non-living environment interacting as a functional unit. They exist at all scales, from a grain of soil to the entire planet, and include forests, rivers, wetlands, grasslands, estuaries and coral reefs. Cities and farmlands contain important human-modified ecosystems. The benefits obtained from these ecosystems in terms of 'goods and services' is called ecosystem services and the biodiversity serves the foundation of all ecosystem services. Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms, within species and populations, between species and between ecosystems. Healthy biodiversity enables ecosystem functioning, providing ecosystem services and ultimately resultant in human wellbeing. Marginalized communities benefit most through these ecosystems and its services, as their life is mostly dependent on healthy ecosystems and biodiversity.
1 Convention on Biological Diversity (2011). Contribution of Ecosystem Restoration to the Objectives of the CBD and a Healthy Planet for All People. Abstracts of Posters Presented at the 15th Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 7-11 November 2011, Montreal, Canada. Technical Series No. 62. Montreal, SCBD, 116 pages.2 Down to Earth 2021: State of India's Environment, 2021. A Down to Earth Annual. Centre for Science and Environment. 444p.
3Bhattacharjee, A., Rawal, R.S., Negi, G.C.S., Joshi, R., Sharma, S., Rawat, D.S., Ishwar, N.M., Rawat, J.S., Sinha, P.R., Jia, L., and Merten, J. (2018). Assessing Landscape Restoration Opportunities for Uttarakhand, India. New Delhi, India: IUCN. xiii+85 pp
Article Article 33333232
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) classified the ecosystem services into four categories
Ecosystem restoration is the key solution to prevent, halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide and mitigate the climate crisis. It is the central theme of three Rio Conventions enacted in Rio Earth Summit 1992, the Convention on biological diversity (CBD), the Convention on Land Degradation (UNCCD) and the Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
This year's World Environment Day, United Nations (UN) declared the 'UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, 2021-30' aligning it with the deadline of SDG as of 2030. UN suggested 10 point strategies for implementation and restoration of ecosystems across the world, are given below. These strategies also have co-benefits associated with land restoration such as creating new job avenues and fighting against climate change, biodiversity loss, and climate- induced disasters(www.decadeonrestoration.org/strategy).
1. Empower a global movement 6. Invest in research
2. Finance restoration on the ground 7. Build up capacity
3. Set the right incentives 8. Celebrate a culture of restoration
4. Celebrate leadership 9. Build up the next generation
5. Shift behaviours 10. Listen and learn
Ecosystem Restoration- Global measures
Proactive management approach of ecosystem restoration through Sustainable Development GoalsRestoration of ecosystem is fundamental to achieving the SDGs, mainly those on climate change, poverty eradication, food security, water and biodiversity conservation. Restoration activities will largely contribute to all of the 17 SDGs, in particular to Goal 14 and Goal 15, devoted to protecting and restoring Life under water and Life on Land respectively. Ecosystem is also specifically linked with SDG 1 to end poverty, and SDG 8 on sustainable economic growth, and decent work for all. Therefore, ecosystem restoration should be the responsibility of all sectors and not only Environment sector.
Ecosystem restoration- National and State initiativesIndia has agreed on number of biodiversity related conventions for ecosystem restoration such as, Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Climate Agreement, Bonn Challenge, SDGs. In addition, the country has a robust system of Acts and legislations for ecosystem restoration, such as Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; National Forest Policy, 1988; Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972; Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA) Act 2016 and National Wildlife Action Plan 2017-31.Also, a number of Centrally Sponsored Schemes are being implemented across the country including Uttarakhand such as, National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB)Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP), National Afforestation Programme (NAP), National Mission for Green India (GIM), Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitat (IDWH), Intensification of Forest Management, Project Elephant and Project Tiger.
Ninety percentage of Uttarakhand is hilly and capped with Himalayas, which is one of the most fragile and young mountains of the world. However, mining activities, agriculture expansion, hydro power projects and roads are putting immense pressure on the ecosystem. Around 70 dams are operational, including 23 mega projects generating 100 MW electricity and interfered with 640 km of river water flow, equivalent to half the length of the state's major rivers. Some steps taken for ecosystem restoration in Uttarakhand are summarized below:
8 The alpine meadows are the finest pastures are home to many endangered plants like Jatamansi or Spikenard (Nardostachys jatamansi), Kutki (Picrorhiza kurroa) used in traditional medicines, but these are damaged over past few years. The government is practicing restoration of the pastures in Dayara Bugyal in Uttarakashi district by using large coir mats with stuffing pine leaves, which is used as check dams to prevent erosions, and also planting local grasses and herbs for restoration. Local communities have also been engaged for conservation efforts.
8 One of the sub-alpine meadow in edge of Munsiyari in high altitude of Uttarakhand, has been stripped away due to erosions and grazing, turned into wasteland. The government is restoring this site by planting 36 different species of flowering plants, wild native species of Tulips of Himalayas and native bulbous flowers.
8 The Chunakhala in Mussoorie hills Sahastradhara in Doon Valley has been one of the heavily degraded sites of Uttarakhand due to Limestone mining and quarrying (more than 100 mine sites) before 1988. The government has initiated restoration
4of these sites in 1988-1989 and after 20 years of time, these sites have been restored (Rajdeep et al., 2011) . The tree species Silver Oak (Grevillea robusta), Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), Laurel-leaved Snail tree (Cocculus laurifolius), Red Cedar or Toon (Toona ciliata), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Kachnar (Bauhinia retusa), Himalayan cypress (Cupressus torulosa), Himalayan Wild Rhea or Puruni (Debregeasia salicifolia) etc. played important role on restoration of this site through different successional stages.
8 Rejuvenation of Rispana River, rejuvenation of the Kosi River of Kumaun Himalaya and eco-restoration of Chaurasi Kutia, Rishikesh (popularly known as Beatles Ashram) are some of the projects being taken for ecosystem restoration under National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS), Govt. of India.
4 Rajdeep, Soni P., Singh L. and Rana B.B. 2011. Floristic diversity in ecologically restored lime stone mines and natural forests of Mussoorie and Doon Valley, India. Ecologia 1(1): 44-55.
Article Article 35353434
Thus, from the above discussion, it is clear that Line Departments and public sector are the key players in ecosystem restoration and decision making. Despite the economic importance of ecosystem services to production, consumption, trade and investment, these values remain largely unreflected in the policies, prices and markets that shape economic behaviour. Ecosystem valuation must become an integral part of planning and decision making by businesses. Transparent policy frameworks and government regulations are needed for businesses to contribute fully in conserving biodiversity, reversing ecosystem degradation and using ecosystems services sustainably. To begin halting, then reversing, the damage to nature across all aspects of the economy, implementation mechanisms must bring together policymakers across government and other sectors.
Restoration of degraded ecosystemsEcological restoration is an intentional activity that initiates or facilitates the recovery of ecosystems by re-establishing a
5beneficial trajectory of maturation that persists over time (Alexander et al. 2011) . Restoration adopts a holistic approach focused on all elements of an ecosystem such as soil, hydrology, flora, fauna, etc. This helps build the resilience and regenerative ability of the ecosystem. There are three basic principles of ecosystem restoration- health, integrity and sustainability, discussed below:
8 Restoring health of ecosystems through processes such as water filtration, sequestration of carbon dioxide (plantation)
8 Restoring integrity of ecosystems through change in species composition (avoiding monoculture plantations), maintaining the community structure. Ecosystem integrity, covering both biotic and abiotic aspects, forms the foundation of ecological restoration.
8 Restoring sustainability of ecosystems through resistance and resilience to disturbances (abatement to pollution). The sustainability of ecosystems made through the cognizance of three factors together- the social justice, the economically viable and ecologically/ environmentally sound.
2Bhattacharjee et al. (2018) and Pant (2009) recommended restoration measures based on altitudinal variations:
High altitude (2000-3000m) restoration measures include- disaster management, forest protection through promotion of sacred groves/ spiritual forests and promotion of livelihood options.The open and degraded forests (density 10 to 40%) occurring on 55% slope category may be restored through reforestation/enrichment plantation as they need effective management for restocking. Based on the land use requirement of land utilization types, the tree species proposed for eco-restoration are White Locust Tree (Robinia pseudoacacia), Banjh oak (Quercus leucotrichophora), Himalayan cedar (Cedrus deodara), Himalayan pine (Pinus wallichiana) along with temperate grasses.
Mid altitude (1000-2000m) restoration measures include-pastoral systems using native plant species with high quality andacceptance in the community, interventions for rejuvenation of watersources. The tree species suggested here are Khair (Acacia catechu), Himalayan poplar (Populus ciliata), Kharik (Celtis australis), White Locust Tree (Robinia pseudoacacia), Siris (Albizia lebbeck), White Siris (Albizia procera) etc.
community forestry through Van Panchayats, promotion of silvi-
5Alexander S., Aronson J., Clewell A., Keenleyside K., Higgs E., Martinez D., Murcia C. and Nelson C. 2011. Re-establishing an ecologically healthy relationship between nature and culture: the mission and vision of the society for ecological restoration. In CBD. Contribution of Ecosystem Restoration to the Objectives of the CBD and a Healthy Planet for All People. Abstracts of Posters Presented at the 15th Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 7-11 November 2011, Montreal, Canada. Technical Series No. 62. Montreal, SCBD, 116 pages.6Pant D.N. 2009. Identifying Sites for Eco-Restoration Strategy in Garhwal Himalaya: Role of Remote Sensing and GIS. Geospatial Applications.
Ecosystem restoration- National and State initiativesIndia has agreed on number of biodiversity related conventions for ecosystem restoration such as, Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Climate Agreement, Bonn Challenge, SDGs. In addition, the country has a robust system of Acts and legislations for ecosystem restoration, such as Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; National Forest Policy, 1988; Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972; Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA) Act 2016 and National Wildlife Action Plan 2017-31.Also, a number of Centrally Sponsored Schemes are being implemented across the country including Uttarakhand such as, National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB)Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP), National Afforestation Programme (NAP), National Mission for Green India (GIM), Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitat (IDWH), Intensification of Forest Management, Project Elephant and Project Tiger.
Ninety percentage of Uttarakhand is hilly and capped with Himalayas, which is one of the most fragile and young mountains of the world. However, mining activities, agriculture expansion, hydro power projects and roads are putting immense pressure on the ecosystem. Around 70 dams are operational, including 23 mega projects generating 100 MW electricity and interfered with 640 km of river water flow, equivalent to half the length of the state's major rivers. Some steps taken for ecosystem restoration in Uttarakhand are summarized below:
8 The alpine meadows are the finest pastures are home to many endangered plants like Jatamansi or Spikenard (Nardostachys jatamansi), Kutki (Picrorhiza kurroa) used in traditional medicines, but these are damaged over past few years. The government is practicing restoration of the pastures in Dayara Bugyal in Uttarakashi district by using large coir mats with stuffing pine leaves, which is used as check dams to prevent erosions, and also planting local grasses and herbs for restoration. Local communities have also been engaged for conservation efforts.
8 One of the sub-alpine meadow in edge of Munsiyari in high altitude of Uttarakhand, has been stripped away due to erosions and grazing, turned into wasteland. The government is restoring this site by planting 36 different species of flowering plants, wild native species of Tulips of Himalayas and native bulbous flowers.
8 The Chunakhala in Mussoorie hills Sahastradhara in Doon Valley has been one of the heavily degraded sites of Uttarakhand due to Limestone mining and quarrying (more than 100 mine sites) before 1988. The government has initiated restoration
4of these sites in 1988-1989 and after 20 years of time, these sites have been restored (Rajdeep et al., 2011) . The tree species Silver Oak (Grevillea robusta), Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), Laurel-leaved Snail tree (Cocculus laurifolius), Red Cedar or Toon (Toona ciliata), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Kachnar (Bauhinia retusa), Himalayan cypress (Cupressus torulosa), Himalayan Wild Rhea or Puruni (Debregeasia salicifolia) etc. played important role on restoration of this site through different successional stages.
8 Rejuvenation of Rispana River, rejuvenation of the Kosi River of Kumaun Himalaya and eco-restoration of Chaurasi Kutia, Rishikesh (popularly known as Beatles Ashram) are some of the projects being taken for ecosystem restoration under National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS), Govt. of India.
4 Rajdeep, Soni P., Singh L. and Rana B.B. 2011. Floristic diversity in ecologically restored lime stone mines and natural forests of Mussoorie and Doon Valley, India. Ecologia 1(1): 44-55.
Article Article 35353434
Thus, from the above discussion, it is clear that Line Departments and public sector are the key players in ecosystem restoration and decision making. Despite the economic importance of ecosystem services to production, consumption, trade and investment, these values remain largely unreflected in the policies, prices and markets that shape economic behaviour. Ecosystem valuation must become an integral part of planning and decision making by businesses. Transparent policy frameworks and government regulations are needed for businesses to contribute fully in conserving biodiversity, reversing ecosystem degradation and using ecosystems services sustainably. To begin halting, then reversing, the damage to nature across all aspects of the economy, implementation mechanisms must bring together policymakers across government and other sectors.
Restoration of degraded ecosystemsEcological restoration is an intentional activity that initiates or facilitates the recovery of ecosystems by re-establishing a
5beneficial trajectory of maturation that persists over time (Alexander et al. 2011) . Restoration adopts a holistic approach focused on all elements of an ecosystem such as soil, hydrology, flora, fauna, etc. This helps build the resilience and regenerative ability of the ecosystem. There are three basic principles of ecosystem restoration- health, integrity and sustainability, discussed below:
8 Restoring health of ecosystems through processes such as water filtration, sequestration of carbon dioxide (plantation)
8 Restoring integrity of ecosystems through change in species composition (avoiding monoculture plantations), maintaining the community structure. Ecosystem integrity, covering both biotic and abiotic aspects, forms the foundation of ecological restoration.
8 Restoring sustainability of ecosystems through resistance and resilience to disturbances (abatement to pollution). The sustainability of ecosystems made through the cognizance of three factors together- the social justice, the economically viable and ecologically/ environmentally sound.
2Bhattacharjee et al. (2018) and Pant (2009) recommended restoration measures based on altitudinal variations:
High altitude (2000-3000m) restoration measures include- disaster management, forest protection through promotion of sacred groves/ spiritual forests and promotion of livelihood options.The open and degraded forests (density 10 to 40%) occurring on 55% slope category may be restored through reforestation/enrichment plantation as they need effective management for restocking. Based on the land use requirement of land utilization types, the tree species proposed for eco-restoration are White Locust Tree (Robinia pseudoacacia), Banjh oak (Quercus leucotrichophora), Himalayan cedar (Cedrus deodara), Himalayan pine (Pinus wallichiana) along with temperate grasses.
Mid altitude (1000-2000m) restoration measures include-pastoral systems using native plant species with high quality andacceptance in the community, interventions for rejuvenation of watersources. The tree species suggested here are Khair (Acacia catechu), Himalayan poplar (Populus ciliata), Kharik (Celtis australis), White Locust Tree (Robinia pseudoacacia), Siris (Albizia lebbeck), White Siris (Albizia procera) etc.
community forestry through Van Panchayats, promotion of silvi-
5Alexander S., Aronson J., Clewell A., Keenleyside K., Higgs E., Martinez D., Murcia C. and Nelson C. 2011. Re-establishing an ecologically healthy relationship between nature and culture: the mission and vision of the society for ecological restoration. In CBD. Contribution of Ecosystem Restoration to the Objectives of the CBD and a Healthy Planet for All People. Abstracts of Posters Presented at the 15th Meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 7-11 November 2011, Montreal, Canada. Technical Series No. 62. Montreal, SCBD, 116 pages.6Pant D.N. 2009. Identifying Sites for Eco-Restoration Strategy in Garhwal Himalaya: Role of Remote Sensing and GIS. Geospatial Applications.
Way Forward
There are ample opportunities to harness the synergy among different conventions and agreements. In view of UN-Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, we must seize the political moment and focus global biodiversity governance on the drivers of biodiversity loss. Conserving biodiversity, reversing ecosystem degradation and using ecosystems services sustainably is a collective responsibility and needs governments, civil society and business to work together. The UN-Decade on Ecosystem Restoration opens the floodgates of opportunities for restoring degraded land for the benefit of both people and the planet, individuals and institutions must come forward to grab this golden opportunity to restore the health of our dying land for a sustainable future. We can be the first generation to Reimagine, to Recreate and to Restore nature and kick-start the movement for a better post-covid world.
If rivers are there, trees will be there;
If trees are there, mountains will be intact;
If mountains (Pahad) are there, hill people (Pahadi) will have their existence”
Low altitude (below 1000m) restoration measures include agroforestry system (e.g. bayleaf for income generation), scientific and community-based management of community forests, silvi-pasture development, use of pine needles, etc. Under agro-forestry, tree species suggested here are based on their indigenous availability, people's requirement and the specific property related to least influence on the underneath crop, such as Bhimal (Grewia optiva), Dhaman (Grewia elastic), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata), and Kharik (Celtis australis) are some of the examples. Under social forestry, Banjh Oak (Quercus leocotrichophora), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus hybrid), Silver Oak (Grevillea robusta) etc. can be planted for restoration.
Thus by adopting, water-resistant crop, using water saving irrigation practices, adopting minimal use of fertilizers and pesticides in crops, promoting organic farming of indigenous plants and fruiting varieties (avoiding monoculture and invasive), adopting environment friendly techniques for fishing, harvesting etc. we can restore the pristine habitats and ecosystems.
agriculture, horticulture and floriculture, Promotion of
Editorial Team
Dr. Manoj Kumar Pant
Sharon Mary Jacob
Karunakar Singh
The contents of this newsletter are the copyright of CPPGG, unless stated otherwise. All rights reserved. No part of this newsletter may be reproduced or copied without the written consent of CPPGG.
DisclaimerViews expressed in various articles are those of the authors and not necessarily of the government.
Let us Know Your Thoughts About This Bulletin
Join us as a
Partner or ContributorYou may connect with us through Or visit our website at for more information
[email protected] or [email protected]
E-mails us @ [email protected] I website-http://cppgg.uk.gov.in/
Follow us on and @CPPGG1
Article 37373636
Way Forward
There are ample opportunities to harness the synergy among different conventions and agreements. In view of UN-Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, we must seize the political moment and focus global biodiversity governance on the drivers of biodiversity loss. Conserving biodiversity, reversing ecosystem degradation and using ecosystems services sustainably is a collective responsibility and needs governments, civil society and business to work together. The UN-Decade on Ecosystem Restoration opens the floodgates of opportunities for restoring degraded land for the benefit of both people and the planet, individuals and institutions must come forward to grab this golden opportunity to restore the health of our dying land for a sustainable future. We can be the first generation to Reimagine, to Recreate and to Restore nature and kick-start the movement for a better post-covid world.
If rivers are there, trees will be there;
If trees are there, mountains will be intact;
If mountains (Pahad) are there, hill people (Pahadi) will have their existence”
Low altitude (below 1000m) restoration measures include agroforestry system (e.g. bayleaf for income generation), scientific and community-based management of community forests, silvi-pasture development, use of pine needles, etc. Under agro-forestry, tree species suggested here are based on their indigenous availability, people's requirement and the specific property related to least influence on the underneath crop, such as Bhimal (Grewia optiva), Dhaman (Grewia elastic), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata), and Kharik (Celtis australis) are some of the examples. Under social forestry, Banjh Oak (Quercus leocotrichophora), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus hybrid), Silver Oak (Grevillea robusta) etc. can be planted for restoration.
Thus by adopting, water-resistant crop, using water saving irrigation practices, adopting minimal use of fertilizers and pesticides in crops, promoting organic farming of indigenous plants and fruiting varieties (avoiding monoculture and invasive), adopting environment friendly techniques for fishing, harvesting etc. we can restore the pristine habitats and ecosystems.
agriculture, horticulture and floriculture, Promotion of
Editorial Team
Dr. Manoj Kumar Pant
Sharon Mary Jacob
Karunakar Singh
The contents of this newsletter are the copyright of CPPGG, unless stated otherwise. All rights reserved. No part of this newsletter may be reproduced or copied without the written consent of CPPGG.
DisclaimerViews expressed in various articles are those of the authors and not necessarily of the government.
Let us Know Your Thoughts About This Bulletin
Join us as a
Partner or ContributorYou may connect with us through Or visit our website at for more information
[email protected] or [email protected]
E-mails us @ [email protected] I website-http://cppgg.uk.gov.in/
Follow us on and @CPPGG1
Article 37373636
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