Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
-
Upload
joan-b-kroc-institute-for-peace-justice -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
1/67
Jan EliassonArmed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
2/67
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
3/67
Dlvd h 25h Mh, 2009 h
joan b. kroc institute For peace & justice
j b. k shl p sd
uvy s Dg
s Dg, cl
Ja Eliao
Armed Confict: The Cost to Civiliansed em nm
s pgm o D klw
Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
4/67
Photo:ArchitecturalPhotography,
Inc.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
5/67
3
TABLE OF COnTEnTs
j b. k i p & j 4
j b. k Dghd L s 6
bghy 10
ivw 12
Wlm d id
L Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians 29
Q d aw 48
rld r 61
a h uvy s Dg 62
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
6/67
4
JOAn B. KrOC InsTITuTE FOr PEACE & JusTICE
th m h j b. k
i p & j (ipj)
, lv
d wld. thgh
d, h d -
mg v, h ipj
gm h dv hlhd l l
d hm gh.
th ipj, h uvy
s Dg j b. k shl
p sd, dw chl
l hg h
l m d
v d lv l h
h ll, l d l . th ipj w lhd 2000
hgh g g m h l j b. k h uvy s Dg
h dy d d . pgmmg
g ly 2001 d h ldg w ddd Dm 2001 wh
, pmg wh j: ply h 21 cy.
th i v, j b. k wd, ly l ,
m . i ldg v, h ipj w wh ll
hl gh h ld wh
h mm whh hy lv. i nl, xml, h ipj ly
g ghh y w wh nl g lv
d dlg h m md l d mhy
d mly dmy. i W a, h ipj w wh ll hm
gh g gh h ly gvm mh
dd m d ly.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
7/67
5
th Wm pM pgm dm h d
l wm ld wh vlvd hm gh d
mg h hm . WldL, y-d
dl gm hgh hl d m s Dg d b
cl, yh gll .
cmmy h ld , lm, d
d w mmy mm, dm d
d l , wll dlg wh l d l
ld gvm, gvml gz d h mly.
i dd h j b. k i p & j, h j b. k
shl p sd ld h t-bd i, whh m
d-ld hlh d v l h vy h -
d mmy, d m gm p d j sd
ld h ld.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
8/67
6
JOAn B. KrOC DIsTInguIshED LECTurE sErIEs
edwd 2003 y g g h j b. k i p &
j m h l j k, h Dghd L s m
hgh-lvl l d l ld d lym h
h wldg d v ld d . th
gl h d ddg hw v d lv
l d m wh .
th Dghd L s h mmy lg y
gg wh ld wh wg g w dlg wh
l d wh w h q hw dg
mw. th , whh hld h j b. k i
p & j h uvy s Dg j b. k shl
p sd, xm w dvlm h h v l
v d lv l whl g hm gh d g
l .
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
9/67
7
DIsTInguIshED LECTurErs
al 15, 2003 r edgGl sy, nl cl chhThe Role of the Church in U.S. Foreign Policy
My 8, 2003 Hl cldpd, nl ply rh iThe New Nuclear Danger
o 15, 2003 rhd j. Gldj h cl c sh a
The Role of International Law in Preventing Deadly Conflict
jy 14, 2004 amd Dld k. sgu.s. Dm s
Conflict, Gender and Human Rights: Lessons Learnedfrom the Field
al 14, 2004 Gl ahy c. Zud s M c (d)
From the Battlefield to the Negotiating Table:Preventing Deadly Conflict
nvm 4, 2004 H ahwsy Gl pl iv hpm Gll Dlg d Dmy
Concept, Context and Process in Peacemaking:The Palestinian-Israeli Experience
nvm 17, 2004 nl Hyzexv D u.n. Dvlm Fd WmWomen, War and Peace: Mobilizing for Securityand Justice in the 21st Century
Fy 10, 2005 th Hl Llyd axwhypd, uvy Wg
The Responsibility to Protect: Prescription for a GlobalPublic Domain
Mh 31, 2005 My rFm pd ild d u.n. Hghcmm Hm rgh
Human Rights and Ethical Globalization
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
10/67
8
o 27, 2005 H exlly kml MFm pd h rl bw
Perspectives into the Conflict in the Democratic Republicof the Congo and Contemporary Peacebuilding Efforts
jy 27, 2006 amd chh r. Hllu.s. Dm sU.S. Policy in East Asia and the Pacific
Mh 9, 2006 Wllm F. shlzexv D amy il usaTainted Legacy: 9/11 and the Ruin of Human Rights
sm 7, 2006 sh ed2003 nl p LIran Awakening: Human Rights, Women and Islam
o 18, 2006 M Mm, alm Vv pz, i sg
Women, War and Peace: The Politics of Peacebuilding
al 12, 2007 th Hl Gh evpd il c GPreventing Mass Atrocities: Making Never Againa Reality
sm 20, 2007 kh rhexv D Hm rgh Wh
The Dynamics of Human Rights and the Environment
Mh 4, 2008 j egldFm ud-sy-Gl Hm
A d emgy rl cd h u.n.War, Peace and Climate Change: A Billion Lives in the Balance
al 17, 2008 j GdllFd j Gdll i d u.n. Mg pReason for Hope
sm 24, 2008 th Hl L aFm u.n. Hgh cmm Hm rgh
Integrating Security, Development and Human Rights
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
11/67
9
Mh 25, 2009 amd j elFm u.n. sl evy h sy-Gl D d ud-sy-Gl Hm aArmed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
12/67
10
BIOgrAPhY OF AMBAssADOr JAn ELIAssOn
b Gg, swd, 1940, amd j el w
xhg d h ud s m 1957 1958. H gdd
m h swdh nvl admy 1962 d d m dg
em d b adm 1965.
amd el vd Dlm adv h swdh pm
M m 1982 1983, d D Gl pll a
h swdh My Fg a m 1983 1987. i 1992, h w
d h u.n. ud-sy-Gl Hm a d
w vlvd sml, sd, Mzmq d h bl
g v ldm, l v d hm .
i 1993 d 1994, amd el vd md h ng-
kh l h ogz sy d c-
e. amd el w h swdh amd Whg
m 2000 2005, s sy Fg a m 1994 2000
d u.n. ud-sy-Gl Hm a m 1992
1994. el, m 1988 1992, h w swd amd h ud
n nw Y wh h w h u.n. md m h
w w i d iq, hdd y m pm M ol plm.
Fm jy 2007 jly 2008, amd el vd u.n. slevy h sy-Gl D, d h w pd h u.n.
Gl amly m 2005 2006. amd el dghd
swdh dlm lmd h vg M Fg
a 2006.
amd el md k el, wh w swd s
sy ed d s m 2004 2006. thy hv h
gw hld: a, eml d jh.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
13/67
11
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
14/67
12
InTErVIEW
The following is an edited transcript of an interview with Ambassador Jan
Eliasson, conducted on March 25, 2009, by Ami Carpenter, Ph.D., assistant
professor of conflict studies in the Joan B. Kroc School of Peace Studies.
AC: The first question Im going to ask is on behalf of my students. I
know from having read your work that you are a man who has not
lost his enthusiasm and optimism even if you say you do get worried
more and more these days. What do you think are some of the most
promising roles for our students in peace and justice as they prepare
to enter this complex world of development and peacebuilding?
je: im m v hgh i wy l my dvlm
dy wld. b lwy h m dw l . i h h
m m q wldg. th wldg d,
dy wld, v ll h wldg h wld d lly
l. shRomeo and Julietl h wld d V.
W d lz h wld d h ud s, d swd,
my w y. th m w lv whh wld-
d, h w wll v , dxlly. i m lly
l i lv my y, d m d. i h
wd, dy wld, wll-gzd l dd
h l , d h g y l l d v
y l l h wld d wy vlg d lg
h d wld h vm y yg m.
AC: Agreed. There is a complexity of information that faces our young
people, and they tend to get overwhelmed by what they see on the
media. I think that is the real value in teaching conflict analysis: It
provides a conceptual framework for unpacking or understanding
some of the events taking place. What are your thoughts on that?
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
15/67
13
je: i h y d ll hl. Y d lz h
dy d vyhg, vydy d mhg. ad h
lly l dy wld wh h lm hg. Wh h
m m d h my h lm, y d ll
h z h lm d y l h mll,
y l wd y w y d y w mll g d.
Y l yl m h l.
th, i m m d m d h h w ll hv
l ly d w lm y l. W
gz lv ll h lm. i y l h
vml , hy hg. L h mg , l
h d, l gzd m ll h lm m
h y, gz dl wh .
th dl wld d wy lyzg h lm, h lm
h , d h gz d h lm: h l h ud
n, h l gl gz l h e u, h
l gvm, h l gvml gz, h l
h v , h l h v. th, hvg d h
dv l, lz h h vy l h lm
wh i ly l d m . by h y d h
ly d d mwh h mm -hgh x
h gvm. L h x h ud n,
h m, h x y w d h ud s,
pd [b] om. by lzg h dy wld h lm
d, w h d h w ll hv l.
AC: I absolutely agree with that perspective, and thank you for the segue
because I wanted to ask your opinion about the new administration
specifically, what do you think the geopolitical position of the U.S. is
going to be in the next four to eight years?
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
16/67
14
je: i ll y y. i w gvg h swd mh g.
th w m h xv g m. b h
h i d hm, Wh y w m ?
thy d, pd om d h d h g.
F. i h l ?
ad hm d, i hv 2-y-ld d h w whg lv
h dy h g d d, om.
th y hg w v h, h h llwg w m w
h swdh m m. th h m d d, Wh
h? ad h hld h h hd.
th ly ll y h m h w am dm.
i hd m y h h l w y hv d wh h
u.s. ldh l , mlll , h
g m v . th hv d wh
m mmd mlll , wh m lz h
lv h lm l, xmly m.
Wh i h h h d, gh wh e d l h
my -, ly l wll d gd h
ly ld w mmd (mly, y nato
d d m ), l ld gll . i h u.s.,
e d h wh ml vl d ld
d ghg vy, ld d gg l w, ld
d gg d h gl a, w wld ly d h
gh hg h m l wh d d y l,
wld l dd hl dm w . W wld m h dmg d W dm h l w y.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
17/67
15
W l wh g x h d, lhgh y yg h
im l ddg h lm: H xd lm hmly g
x. b l g h h h hd h am
gvm d h am l h . s l ly
h h d hd whh my wh dy
wld wh w ll dd whh w hv w h
l wh vydy h h h dly.
AC: So you believe that the U.S. can regain its soft power that its really
lost in the past eight years?
je: im gld y d h. i h xly h h w wh w
dm hv h mh. i hv vy w mly v,
d h mly v h lly m hd
d ld h g d d w. i w ld gv
g l , , dlmy h l lm d h
wld mhg. b l m ld y xml.
sgh dg h cld W w mly gh, ll gh
l mly gh. i dy wld, gh m gh wll-
dd, dg my vl. sgh l h y.
sgh vml l y. sgh wldg d
. sgh yg l wh lv h . i w e
d h ud s lly mv h d, h w
wll ly h l w z, l w wll hv lg
l dy wld. Wh h dvlm h w m
d d wh h w lvg h dd
hl, w hld lv h -lld mly l hd. nw m
gv h wgh h l lm d d l h v
l y g whh l-.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
18/67
16
AC: Youre speaking my language. If you deconstruct what it means
to prevent conflict, it has everything to do with how societies are
governed and run: inclusively, democratically and so forth. Speaking
of the importance of that mindset conflict resolution, prevention,
nonviolence, diplomacy and development over or before military
action I always think of the difference between the industrial
democracies and places in the world where you do not have elected
leaders, where you have very bad leaders and very bad institutions.
You have actually negotiated with two of these leaders: Saddam
Hussein and Robert Mugabe. Could you share your insights? Were
they capable negotiating partners? Were you able to make progress in
those interactions? Did they have any similarities?
je: My mg wh r Mg w lly Zmw m
dd. H w ld h Zanu [Zmw a nl
u] mvm, h l mvm. i w hm gh wh h
w d H, whh h m w lld sly. i g vy d
m hm, v h m, i w yg vy hm
h m dmy, hm gh, mly ym
d h. swd hd d h mvm vy mh dg h
l d d w w md dlg wh
hm. i w d vy h mg hm, my mg w vy
gly d.
H md h h dmy h w mhg h m
l wh y. s h ldy h m ld -y
ym. H md h h d h d a
gh h . i gd, ly lly, h i l h
hg w gg g h gh d. i w ly
my . b h w w h d hd m swd. i
mm h yg, r Mg, y hld l h yg m.b h w dly h mm h. i v lly hd
g wh hm.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
19/67
17
Wh sddm H, , w dly g
w dg h i-iq W. i h md h ud
n, i w [swdh] pm M ol plm1 d
h, h dh, i m h v h y-gl
h mlm h l h w dd 1988.
i v h l m h y-gl m h h m
gm. th qd mg wh sddm H. id l
m hm dg h ly h w. algh i h i 28 h
wh sddm H.
th my hg i ld y, i d h iv v my l l
hylly vm i dd iq. H w llg,
h dlm, h m, w q, l, hdly mvd whl h w
mg h g d lg y v lg. ad wh i d w
h my y q, my y v w mhg h h
dd mlly x. H vdly v vd l q
q h w dl. i w h h iq h m lm
g wh i dd dl q h.
kwg wh hd hd h d h ll d h
sddm H iq w gd h mg. th
l d h hl dlmm md h. i m sddm H
i w h h hd gd 5,000 l Hl h kdh .
i hd mlz mh dl lv h mlly i
ll hd ld h d my d w. ad i hd
h mlly d l h d.
AC: How difficult was that for you?
je: Vy dl, y hv h l hzd. Wh
y g h w y my d, d y d hwdm d ldh y h l y dl wh. smm
y g w hm y g d. b y l lz h y
1 ol plm w m m swd wh h w d Fy 1986.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
20/67
18
d mmm d d wh hm, h ld
wh h ld d wh y h . th hld h
vllg wll d ly i wl v g gv d
my w hl v. s q dl. Y hv lly
h dg h d md y hv hw d
gg h d h y gg.
AC: Saddam Hussein is often painted as an individual who was
intransigent, unreasonable and could not be negotiated with, in much
the same way as we now speak about the president of Iran. It sounds
like you are saying you were able to have a dialogue with him, perhaps
all having to do with the skills you brought to the table.
je: i hv y md vw h l h md. i m
myl h wh g h h h w hl. Y dg
hm h w hl wh l l d hd w, i d w
whh y hv v d h d. i h wd,
y md h h mmm ll wll. i h
ll wll h d, h y hv h g l, wh
md ll. b h ll wll, h w
wh g mly vy d, h y qlly
hdd h l. s y hv l ll wll
mv h wd.
th g y hv dl wh h my vw
dv h l. Fly h mg: ch h gh m h
d l d h q h g. sdly, y hv
hw ll ddg. i y l h, y d h vm
wh h h l d ymhy v.
thdly, y hv mly l wh h lgg, h wd d l hg h wd h d . L
h , d, wd, wv y x x,
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
21/67
19
qly hg y d h d d d h m
wh mhg l lv h m h lgh .
ad hly, h w l lh, h w lhg
mh d d d v ymhy. th h
lly vy l mg whh h h mly
h h y . s h d m h g
h md, h h h gh m wh l
d h y hv lhd l lh h l lly
w g wh y h . th h h
m g: mg, ll ddg, l
lgg d l l.
AC: Were you able to establish personal relations in Khartoum?
je: i gd hm d sd 1993. th d
h m w [om l-] bh. i m 14 y l khm. i m
pd bh d i d hm, im . i h i d hv m
14 y m w h l. H mld d mmd h
w hd gd h hm d 1993, whh w g
l m h gg w hd gd ll . th
w mly h dd w. s w hgd h
hm h wd. by h w vd hd lv
h g h h.
b h h i w hm m h d h w m. th
g hd g wll, wd . ev hgh i w wh hd
hd w 2003 d 2005, i hd h l gh wh my -
g, slm slm h a u d l lm
h D l. W dl wh h d : w-hg, wlh-
hg d y. o dly w h h my mvm,whh w 20 wh w w gg d v wh w hd. ad ll
h gd gh y w hv g m.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
22/67
20
b y hv dvl d v ymhy i wld y, h hy
l hw y . thy w h y d hv y
hdd gd, y h. My mh lwy ld m, nv l y
l. sh gv m vy gm : i y v l y d hv
wh yv d . b g ddly
v m h ghhd mhg h ld l l g
dv llg h h.
ad h l, hv lgh h mm. shw y l d. D
l. Fd m h mly h h
h d. G d h mm y th h mm
q bghdd. (uly l hg hv l
h w i h h hy vd.) ad y h y hw
l. th y hld d ml, h .
i y dd h ll y y l, ly y m
l, l y hv m . i m g.
AC: My next question touches on illegitimate or compromised
leadership, which is a better word to use than bad leadership. We
see it right now in Mexico. There is a very violent conflict taking place
between drug cartels that are extremely powerful, very well-armed,
control their own paramilitaries, are well-financed. It is similar to the
kinds of factional violence which you also see in Afghanistan, Somalia
anything tied to war economies essentially. In your experience
working in this field for the past four decades, have you seen an
increasing prevalence in illegitimate or compromised leadership?
Does that impact the difficulty or ease of your job and, by extension,
the potential future job of our graduate students?
je: i gwg lm ldh whh mmd i l y
m mly hgh h l gzd m, whh ly mm l h w d z , d mg. th m
m. th v $300 ll l. illgl m
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
23/67
21
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
24/67
22
d: $200 ll h. p: $100 ll. 1.2 mll wm d
hld ld mhd d h y m g. ad
h my d h w h l g h hy dm
. thy h w hd ll gvm
g dg my h wld.
b l, hy llg h mg h wh lly w l
h ym. th dg lld. th vg lld. th
ml hd. th v lld ily,
e u. iv h bl, iv a, iv
L am. i h xmly dg.
th l hld g h gd h dm
lly hv gh vy dll . i h m, h
ml dw d dw d dw. Y d h h
l v, h vl v, h lm, h m e
e a d lw h h h .
i h , dmh h vl dm . Y my
hv h dm h, h wh ld d h h
d l m h g, h dmy d dlv h l
w d . W v hv d dy d h e u
h l ml gz blg d rm wh w
mm h e u. s w hv wh h. th l.
th y l hv h l h l , h
w lwm d h wh d
y d h ml g. nw, wh h lw m d w
h d d ld d y, y l g
m vl vl h h vl. i . W hv
mlz ll dl wh h lm l.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
25/67
23
AC: Its what you said: We have to imagine it. When we can imagine
a problem we can start to imagine a solution. Does the international
community engage with organized crime?
je: n. i d h h l y h d gh. i l y
my d, a c, wh hdg h h ud n
l m ghg V [ud n o Dg d
cm]. H h promille h my d g
hm d mm .
b i h l g ghg m d ghg gd y
hm; w ld h l. Y hv ld y m h
m, wh h hm d hv dg gd, h l l.
i y g gd y hm h y gh h mhm
h v h m hg. th v mhm hv
dvld h lly, lly , d lly. i ly
wh y hv m m h lvl h wll w.
L m ll y h my ly dm l.
i h d wh v. i d wg wh i lld h ldd
v, i hv w ld h wh i ll ymd
v. i h l lvl d mly m h u.n.
v. i y w vd h , wh h m h
y g h? Wh h g h ldd h
ymd? ad whh h g h l d v
m hg g? Fy h l hd h l 20
y g g.
th g: ly wg, whh hld l ld md
v h m ld d v d md. th d
g -dg m m h u.n. ym, y h y-gl h gg h, my h d y mmd y
h sy cl. F-dg m h hw hg
d lm hg dw.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
26/67
24
th hd g al 33 h u.n. ch whh m ll h
mhd h hld d f . th hdg ch
Vi p slm D.al 33 l h llwg m:
g, qy, md, l, , dl lm,
gl g gm h l m
h wd, gh d mhd l lm d.
Hw d w h? Vy ly.
th y hv h h g: vv dlym, dg vl
mly vv . W dd h Md h ly
1990, lly. ad h y hv ch Vii d , d i
wld y gd : g h ld, g h wv m
yg wly p Ld d g h my m
gg d x hv d h wld. ad h y hv h
. th dl h h m m y mg h
m v h sy cl.
H ll h hg ld d f . Vy ly
ll h mhd ld. Y g hgh h l d h
d h wh h? Vy w lv. Wh w d d
hg h ldd ymd: Y g dw h d g h h
d. Wh hy? Hm , , d l
vv. b dd h l d hl : dllg wll,
ldg d, g hlh l, mll hl, hg h
d wh x mh y v, gv yg m
dmlzd m h mvm m h gll gh.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
27/67
25
th y hv ldg. Wh g , wh
h gg gd gv, y dlv. ad h y hv
l . H y hv v x g dw h h
d. by h y d h h y hv v l.
AC: Would you place them in that order: reconciliation after institution
building?
je: n, y ld vy h. th l y l h .
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
28/67
26
WELCOME AnD InTrODuCTIOn
By Dee Aker
Interim Executive Director
Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice
Wlm h j b. k i p & j (ipj), wh
m , lv d wld. W
hd hv wh D pl cd m h shl Ldhd ed s d w D Wllm Hdly h j b.
k shl p sd. W l hv h d M.a.
l p d j sd.
W lly w wlm y d v y y m mlhd
g, dlm wh h ld m h m dl d dg
g h wld, wll h hll my l d h ud n.
Whl y d h y gm h 40 y
dlm x, hdly qzd w gh
w vlm. W gg hv hm w h h lg
l lly w wh w ; gg im .
D klw, gm hg h Dghd
L s, h , g hm d
x. tgh d h h h lm vy
hm d g wv vd: w l, f v,
hm , i, iq, sml, sd, Mzmq, h bl
d d .
Dg h y dlm w h l v, vg
h ud-sy-Gl Hm a h ud
n, whh h gw mdly m v h
y d whh vy m h wh w h ld
ldg. H l lhd mh dd m dg h
d h u.n. Gl amly.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
29/67
27
i w y D r, h m bh d cl dm
Mddl e vy d g, y, th l l w
h ly 21 y dmd ddg, v m,
h ly mh v d m, h w-hw wld
f wll d g h d wh w w, d h lll l
ll h ly m dl. i h m mld wld
whh wldg m wdly hd, m m ly l
d h w m lly d, w hv ll h
m m d xg vy .
j el glm d dlm wh h dd d d
h lvl hgh h . ad wh h l d h
v w d wh w dd dd h hllg
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
30/67
28
h w d d, h wd hg hm h ud n d
lwh. th glm wh l d g wm vlvd
dlg whh m y w m h d
h h h x d x vg
ul d Gg uv swd d vl e d
am v, w whh hv gd hm hy d.
H hm h a Ldh Mml Fd swd d mm
h dvy g h il cmm h rd c.
W h ly dghd g g h vg d
dv h gg gvg mw h nrotc
[nvl rv o tg c] d h lw hl. o hl h
ipj m g m Gml, s L, L d Md
h phl wh hyv g h d lg h
v vl gh md f m i v ll
y m wlmg h m wh, g ll d dg ll
h hg, ll lm m ll wd l h m:
amd j el.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
31/67
Armed Conlict:The Cost to Civilians
Ambassador Jan Eliasson
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
32/67
30
th y vy mh, D. a, d D. th w wdl d.
t h yg l i w y h im y h l dl my g,
hvg d ll h.
i m ll y y wh h d dd d h h
wdl wy h D dd . i w nw Y h ly 90. i
hd d hm sml, sd, bm, d
ll v, d i w gv . th ldy w vy d d gv vy
gd wh id d, h dd wy whh
hgd h whl gl wh id dg. sh d, nw, ld d
glm, my i d y h m l ll h d
h wld. i l h w mwh .
th y vy mh, d l h y vy mh ll y D d
h wdl . i hv m wh h wmh, d h
mh d y h h dg xdy. i g, id
y, h d h l. i lly g. i l w y
swd hvg l my y l w wh w h gd, h i
lzd why i lv my w y, mly h mm. i l lzd h
h w h i d h Fg sv. ad h im dly
mdd h wdl vm whh y lv h.
The need to put the human being in the center is urgent in todays
world. I think we are ailing in this.
i w mmd h j b. k i h d
h y hv y w: wh , wh .
b i l w mmd y g h g mh hm
y. th d h hm g h g dy
wld. i h w lg h. W hv hvd hm y. ad
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
33/67
31
i wld l h wh y dm wh hd,
h wh dd h, w h -w d.
th w h d h sd Wld W. th h h
my d h, i wld lm h h d w 1930 d 1945
w h m hl d hm hy y dd mmm
h sl h, m d nzm, h sd Wld W, Hl.
th d w 1930 d 1945 w ghm.
ad h, gly, wh hd w h dlm . 1945: pl
m s F y h w wld l
ldy, d y. thy m h d h ud n,
h wh hd h u.n. ch. a h m m, sy s
Gg Mhll dvd h Mhll pl, lg m h F Wld W
x h d d .
a l y l h e u d h: h cl
d sl u, whh hd ll d wh l d l, lly dl
wh g w w F d Gmy. ad 1948, h 10h
Dm, h uvl Dl Hm rgh w dd, wh
el rvl m mv. L h xl gdwll d
d lv h ghm hd d w wld. th w
mm g y, w ?
ad h m h cld W d h w ym. Hm
y dd vy hgh h gd dg h cld W. Dg
h d d l m w gll h gm.
ad w g wh w dd d dg h d w 1945 d
1950. th w h dm, my vw.
th m h d. W w ll xmly hy d y ll mmh g l, h y w l wh h wll mld dw bl
1989 d h cld W w v? th mm ym, h w l m
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
34/67
32
h gg, gzd l, d w w h d h cld W.
b h wh h w l h cld W w ld wy, d
h h w my h hd d lg:
h m, lg m. th w f w ld
wy d dm d mv. i my l h w
dm, d d wh, dlm,
g dg f d g. b m d m hy w
h m vl w: d, f, w d . th w h
d dm, h h dm h d h cld W wld
ld g g hm y hgh h gd.
th hllg m. th hllg m l h hm g
h d hv h gl h ldy h wd d
d hm g d. Dg h cld W d,
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
35/67
33
d v h d h ud n, vgy d l
gy w d h g h h vld
v hm d d h hm gh y.
Does solidarity stop at the border or at human beings in need?
ad w h hllg dy. W sd ill m h.
W Zmw. W bm. D ldy h d
hm g d? i d mly h d. Wh
w d ? ill m h l.
L m g h d h wld w. i y
, i m y h ill hv m v m m l. D w hg h i w m. i y h i m m,
h dy i lwy dd, i wy l.
L l h vl md f. F ll, l
h . i m h x g, hy xmly
. Dg h F Wld W, 10 h l w
vl; 90 w mly. th m hl m llg
l w h d Gmy d F. i h sd Wld W,
h g w xmly 50-50. Fy mll l w lld h
sd Wld W; xmly 50 w vl d 50
mly l.
Wh dy? My y w . i ml h, lm h v
h F Wld W. tdy, 80 90 vl wh lld
f, l d vl w. th g d hg
g. i h vl wh y h h f dy. Why?
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
36/67
34
cvl w d ld m l mg vl. Y hv h
l w y ll v h wld, y l
y Mx. Y hv l h v-ddl w, mh h ll
dg h h v xd hm hy. th y hv h
h w m d. i hv lly h
hml w wh i w i ld mg m h
h w wh iq 1982 d 83. thy w d y sddm H
iq d hg w d . i ll dm h
ll w d d h wg d w xd g
sddm H. i h hd l wh h d h hml
w g i, h h w wld hv h dl,
hl x Hl Mh 1988, wh sddm H d
hml w d lld 5,000 l, mly wm d hld.
sdly, wm d hld h m xd, h m vll.
th d ly, dly, glly, lly, lly, ylly,
mhd w ly fg dmg, l dg
mg h f. Y cg. Y sd
. i m ll h my wh d
ymlly ll mg h l. ad h l g h
. r d ymlly, lly h cg f.
nw, ly h sy cl h ud n h ddd
m w m. ad h g wd sy cl
rl 1820. i m h h mlmd d d.
Y hv l h l hm hld ld. i m hm, m
h wh m m l whd: 9- 10-y-ld y
wh ak-47. thy vm, v d h hl
hg h gw-. b hy m lm dyd, lhgh i hv
m xml vy.
nx h hl l y g h d
w hv l hy h g. 1.2 mll wm d
hld ld xl xl d h wld. i lm h w
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
37/67
35
hv lv d d h wld. 1.2 mll wm d hld ld
mhd h x d, d ly 6 7 mll ld d
l, d h mhg h h vy mh f .
... every third Daruri is an internally displaced person living in camps.
th l h l l dy wh y h lm
y hv dy h lm y yg
d mhg hm h g d h lly dld
l. Y w h d: Y m g wh y g
d. Wh y gg h d y m iDp,
lly dld , g, d y h y hg .
Wh y m g, h 1951 v ll d y hvg lgl .2 b lv , mg h xmly 31
mll g d dld h wld (i ly hv h 2007
), h my dld . s h m, i my
y , g d h h h wh hv dd
g h y. ad h i h ll h dg
vl, f d m h x my
, wh .
L m gv y h xml sd, wh i wd 18 mh, l jly
l y. th 2.5 mll lly dld l D. th
l 6.5 mll, vy hd D lly dld
lvg m. thy hv lvd h, my hm, v
y. i d x m h l d h m. i mm
17-y-ld y wh w vy . i d l hm; w hd
i d h h l hmd. H h ld g d m, h
mh g d wh h hg wd w,
d h hml w mlyd d ld d yhg h m. H
2 th cv lg h s rg.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
38/67
36
w yg h h w g h d hm m d l
g vl d h m.
o y w m h Mddl e wh h wh y hv
g h m g wd, d wd
d h vy mh sd. Wh i l i d h u.n.
sy cl j 2007 d d h w g m. o
wh h h m h h , h d
g h wll gw h. th d dg h h ld h l
hv l g h m w v y l wh d w
h ld, dy w wll hv h lm h l h m
g h vllg d h m l g h hm,
llg h ld.
H i hld y w wd dy . Y w h 13
hm gz hv xlld m sd, mly m
h D , d h w h 1 mll l wll l d,
md d my w h x h w. W hv
d hd gh w. th l m m
d . th wld hv pd bh
h d h vg h w l. b
h d h, h d mlz m h
mg gz d wh w (whh h
ql m wh w xlld), d hy m gv h ,
h l, h my gh h gz m
mh l h wh lv. b d h h h m
xmly dl.
th h h h m hv, lhgh h lm wh h, h
h gvm sd lz h hy w hv lg ly
v h h h gg hm d, ydg d, md d h l m ly h D
l. b h mgh whl hg. ad h l h h
m wh d w v d m h gvm d.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
39/67
37
ah q, whh h dd mh h ,
lm h i h wll : h my l h m my h h
h wll m l, l, d h hy wll dd
h d d g chd wh h hm gz
, wh h unHcr [ud n Hgh cmm rg]
v d wh h lgl lg h hl . i chd h
200,000 g m sd; h g ld gw. s h h
d wh mgh h. i h g h d d
vy vd hg d, g, D.
ok, i m y h , h d v. b wh w h d
h? th id l m h lly mvm
v d mg, h h l
lw. th h l hm lw. th
mh h h h wld hv md d whh hy
w gg. W d w gh h 1949 Gv cv
d ll h h m h w hv m h u.n. ch wd
vl.
i y h h dg d d h i hv md,
h y h w hv h ghm 1930 1945 hd ,
w hv l h cld W hd , d w ll hvg wh
w m d mly, hg lvl hm y whh h
dgy m d h wld. th w hv d h dl
w. G h . rd h mmm h hv md. th
Gv cv vy lly h vl m d.
W md h, ol plm d i. W w mdg h i-
iq W h 80, d h w dm mg h vllg
h d i d iq. sm d h Gv
cv d d h i d iq, a y zy? Y m h vllg. thy 95 vl. i
m h d. W lly hvd gm whh vy wll
w. o h 11h j 1984, h d mmd hmlv
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
40/67
38
m h vllg h d . ad w md h Gv
cv h gm.
i 1993 i w sd, h f w h w w h
d h. ad h w 50,000 l h w lly ld
y h f d y ldm dg h . nwg chh
ad, hh gz whh w vy g j h sd,
wg m; i w h ud-sy-Gl Hm
a. i d, Y hv m. i y d m h d h
, 50,000 l my v dh.
s i w khm d d g. t g wh w d g
ll , h dd w h ll
qd h h mly d l qd v, m.
Fly, w hd lv w hgh mhg w. W d,
d ll , l g hm d. th w h
m h w dd. W g h gm m h gvm
d l m h mvm hm d h
, whh wld v vy h , whh w gvm-
lld l-lld vllg, d w l d.
th y w h h gvm dd hv g gm
wh h l mvm, h spLM [sd pl L Mvm];
hy dd w gv lgmy hm. W mly d, Y m
mmm , h ud n, d h wd. ad h, g,
w md h hm lgl h x m h
hm . ad lv , h w l, 29 ldg
l hd ld, d mh l h nl w j d
h l w vd.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
41/67
39
I think there is a need to go back to the sources and use the
authority o the negotiations that were behind this laborious, long
work to create a legal ramework which deends human dignity.
s hg d. Y d mhg y w ll h lgl,h lgl mw, l y ll vv l.
nw, h u.n. ch. i y wh m ; i hv h. al 51 y
h y hv h gh l-d. i vy l. il w xg
h gh h L w 2006 d h Gz ghg 2008 d
2009. b l l my vw, d h lly h l
m lwy, h h h h h h . i h d
, h l wh l lw. th g d
gh . i h h d g h d h
hy h g h w hd h l, lg w
lgl mw whh dd hm dgy.
ah h h g dy hv hv,
m d m, hm md. t m h ql
h h y h hm wh h mly
d h y h hm . b i m y,
hvg h f , i m gld h h wh
vy h h d d g vllg.
b y hv hv l dv l. o h dlmm
h h lwy h h g ;
h g w lwy hv mm h w
hv , d, w h h d md l. Wh y
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
42/67
40
y hld hm wh d wh vl.
ad h lm h ud s h d iq d h
nato g agh. b w hv m h h
v , m wh g d
wl h .
i mm , m hm w swd, h bl. thy
w l lm hm. Wh hy g
vllg d w h h wm h h hd lm wh h
lmg, hy h m d xd h lmg. th h
wy ld d d.
Another actor that could enhance the respect and understanding
o this civilian suering is to give a stronger role to civil society
and I would say particularly to women.
ad i mm wm ld. chld hl hy w
d, h w hg. ad h ld, im d y h w
swd, dw h d h hld lmd h. Y
mg h md h g h l w vy
l. W hv y d h d vy dl m.
ah h ld h h d ddg h vl
g gv g l vl y d i wld y lly
wm. i hv vy, vy v x wg wh h wm
sml. i hd m lm llg my g hm h m, i
m y, h lm ll vy i w ld. b i hgh i
w h gh l h wm hgh . ad sd, slm
slm my -g m h a u d i wd vy lly
wh vl y d wm gz, d v d h gm
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
43/67
41
v v h l ld d h gvm (wh h wm d
h w g h gm ). ad hy d lwy
h l, dw--h, l d hv , d hd vy
gm h. i h h l vl y m hd. Mh
gd m gvg vl y g l.
Not even the most isolated dictator is insensitive to the pressure
rom his own people who are more and more well-inormedand want to see change.
i lv h w ly h wh h w mm
mhd w hv, wh vyhg m i ll h d h w
h md, h g, h m g mvl y. n v h m ld d v h
m h w l wh m d m wll-md d w
hg. ad i h vl y, l wm gz, hv
md y.
th l h w gzd. i md l 1820 l
, h h l, 1325. i m h Gl
amly, m h sy cl, vy g l whh
vy lly h wm m ly g l ldg
d h wld. ad h w pldg cmm (i hd
h g h ud n) h l w gzd. nw,
g, h h mlmd ly.
i md l wh w w lg hm h
w hv md m g, lhgh g d Zmw,
g d bm, g d w, i d l, g
sd. b wh m vl hm gh, h vy
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
44/67
42
ll g h y m , ly h sy
cl l h Gl amly, l .
Hm v w dd h ly 90. i
w d vy, vy qly y h my ll t
h d y W w dm gm h hy dd l.
... i sovereignty is so important, why not then accept that sovereignty
implies that you protect your own population rom genocide, ethniccleansing, mass killing, etc., and that every state has a responsibility
to protect its own population rom genocide, ethnic
cleansing and mass killing?
th w h i wld l md y whh xmly m w wy lg h lm dg
h q, d ldy d hm g d,
d h h l ly r2p lld
dlm-. i wy yg h vgy m, why
h h vgy ml h y y w l
m gd, h lg, m llg, ., d h vy h
ly w l m gd, h lg
d m llg?
th l w d. i . o h 16h sm 2006,
h w d h u.n. Gl amly. i hd h h hg h
Gl amly wh h d w y 172 ld m ll v
h wld. th w l. ndy ld y h.
b h lm w h x gh. F h wh wld l g
dlm- g, y ld l h d h gh
wh y h y d lv h ly
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
45/67
43
w l, h h l mmy, hgh h ud
n, h h ly . b h m h , im
y y, y h h d llv d
i h h hld llv ; dvdl
hld h gh v. b h dd d h
lm y mg h dlm l. ad d y yg
h h ly h d l wh h sy cl, d h h
v w h vd .
And I think we ... need to bring that principle out and remind
the leaders o the world that such a responsibility exists. Print it
out, enlarge it, rame it and put it inside all government quarters
in the world to remind them.
i wy w q , lhgh h l h vy h
h ly w l w ld dw. ad i h
w y h vy wld d h vl y, h v
d md d g h l d md h ld
h wld h h ly x. p , lg , m d
d ll gvm q h wld md hm.
i wll d y g ll h h lg x: i m w l h
l l h d lz h vy ly h mly
l. idd h m vlzd hg w d v f m
g, d h f , md d h l m
hld mlyd.
th w y h h u.n. ch: ch Vii, h
d i m h dg h i d h h ud n
hld hv h ly y d ch Vi, whh
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
46/67
44
my v h. ch Vi h h l, lm hdg,
p slm D. i d h dg h w hld.
W lg my lv, mh my, lg
l gz d gh l, w w l
f . th i h w hld al 33 h u.n. ch,
whh chm ev dlm.
L wh ch Vi y w hld d f d
yl, h g d? th y d hll ll
l y g, qy, md, l, , dl
lm, gl g gm, h l
m h w h. Hw d w d h? Vy ly. ad i
h m gv h wd h, gv h dlg h, l
d y d l h f h h iv
dd h l my gh.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
47/67
45
I only regret that we didnt add a ourth dimension which I still
think is necessary or this to work, and that is good governance.
ad h l dd h lg x h whl w y w
wld , w m h lh w d l wld. Wh k a dlvd h
Gl amly wh i w d, w hgh gd wy
gg h dm h w dd h 16h sm 2005.
W hd whh d l h: n wh dvlm. n
dvlm wh . b lg l dvlm
wh h hm gh.
i h wd, , dvlm d h w hm gh h
m. i h h ll h, y hv l
whh lly ld f, vy d vl hm
gh. thy ll lg gh, w hv dw wll, d y d
h h j k i vy gd wy l h
d vy lvl. W m h lh w m
dvlm, l , hm gh d d f l.
i ly g h w dd dd h dm whh i ll h y
h w, d h gd gv. W d hv gvm
h wllg dl ly wh h h . uly h
g d gd gv lg h wld.
th h lg x whh i wld l h, d y h h
d y y l, y l, y gz
l. th lm dy wld hg d mlx h
d l. Y h f wh gl d l
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
48/67
46
ml, l l h -lld gll h whh l
d ll: vml dgd, lm hg, mml
d (lly l d h dvlg wld), gzd
m, mg. Wh ld v mg h h lm ld
lvd y , hwv wl my ?
i m vy gld h y d h ud s, pd om,
lly h d h w hv w gh. i h h h ly
wy. i w d h h d ghg l ,
w wll l wd d ld wll g, dvdg hmy
d hm d lg h d wld lm. s w hv
gh h l ym d dl wh h lm gh.
i dg h w hv y dl wh h hl h
x. i wh i g d swd lwh h wld, my
l h h h lm hg: i v hm . i d
v w . t h lv, mh. i wh i ld d
m. i h m h w lz h vydy h ly.
ndy d vyhg, vydy d mhg.
ad h gll i h h w d l w l
dv l, wh h gll lvl h ud n h
l. i h m h h b Wd ym d dly
md wh w hv h l ly; w l
d gh gl gz. th gl gz
h u.n. ch. th d h ud n hgh h
mly lm hld lvd gl , h g h
ud n h w h ch Viii h u.n. ch.
ad h h ly gvm, h v d h
gvml gz: vl y d y d m.
W m dy h l h d h lm h . F
xml, l w. th lxy 1.2 ll l h wld. 2.5
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
49/67
47
ll l d hv l, vy mly, dly.
th h m h d d d hld mly h
h sh. iv myl: dhydd hld, wm wh hv wld
w h g w h hld. th hy d h dy w,
hv dh, g dhydd d d. u d lm
l h d h hv dv l: wh d wh. th ld l
wy h hl d l dd hl dm gd. i
h ld h gd pd om d h e u
w whl w d h y ld d, y
mg h d h wld m h wld mll d mll
l? pl wld dd hl dm g ly d
h h dg W dm h wld.
Without passion nothinghappens in lie, on any level. But without
compassion the wrong things happen.
i ll h w d l hv gy. i y i d my hld
i y w my d l h y d hv l d
m. Y d lly ggd. Y d h m
mm d l lly. Y hv d h l
y lv d d wh . Wh hg h l,
y lvl. b wh m h wg hg h. th l
lvly dl . i hv h wh my w y
d i ddd h wld m m ll, h gv m g
d l h g . s w h gy d w wh
d m dl wh h , lzg h h lm
h mgd h hy , h w l wy h hl
d hv wld h wh hv h ly v
m d hlly d h w hv d. b l w m
ll l y h w d , d l l m h. th
y vy mh.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
50/67
48
QuEsTIOns AnD AnsWErs
The audience submitted questions which were read by Dee Aker.
DA: You started out talking about the really tough situations. If you
were asked now to go back to Burma or Zimbabwe, what would you
say are those boundary issues? Where is the chance to defend human
dignity and what is our responsibility to protect in those situations?
je: i h h h lz h ly
m d h , l, mh m h dy, m h gl
gz d m h gh. Y hv a wh
my gd h dd d dm vy ly d
hy h vgy vy, vy ly. i hy wh hy vw
W w g hvg h wll d y gvm
d v md, h x m m l. t my
W dm g h, , sh a
g g Zmw. Mg dy ll lm h h
bh llm.
i y l h ly , l ly h lg,
gd d m llg. bd kh, h g m F,
ggd h h ly w ld bm. i
lly m h l h h w h gh wy mv
y h w gh mg dvlg h
w d h w h g h l.
th dd m h hg w d; i l h w v g
l h w h hm lw mw d l h l
h i myl gd 1991, l 46/182, whh y h y hv
vd hm gz. b h ly
h bm w ly -dv.
Y ly h h gvm wh y hv g l
d m wl h ghhd.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
51/67
49
DA: In terms of those periods of time you talk about the
disappointments that came when we didnt solve things better at the
end of World War II or didnt understand the potential we had in the
80s at the end of the Cold War what do you see now that is the most
positive opportunity for us to get it right in the future?
je: i h h md w vl y. i ly w
. i w d h m hm gh gz
d wm gz wg ly d g v
y, sd, whh dm y. ad h w
l . thy g; hy ld d. i lvd
h h v. th lly mvm h h d wh d, , l h w mm h i, h mg
. i ml l yl dy. s i h vl
y, d l ll h l wm, vy hl.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
52/67
50
im l vy mh gd y yg l h v whv i g:
h y, h dg mhg, h d ly l, h d
g d d yl, lzg h sh w gh Romeo
and Julietwh Lz y rm, rmm h wld d
V. W hv mm h wld d V sh
lwy gh. ad i h h hld d mg h yg l.
My g, w w dlgl e; l d gh w ghg
h h d w w vy dgm. nw i d d m l h
H.c. ad yl The Emperors New Clothes, wh h ll y y
h h lh hy h lly lmy vy m
q. i h vy mh h w g d vl y
h h wld.
i m y l h h d h h m wl y
h wld yml l, l, l
hm dgy d l wg gh h h md md
m ll d h wld. ad w h g e d h u.s.
h gll gd i dd l d h w g v h
l dwg m l m , g h ld
wy my h wll l g h.
DA: Why do you think the Geneva Conventions are so often ignored
in conflicts today? Is it the historical distance? Is it ignorance of the
media in not helping move it forward? Is it lack of emphasis during
military training?
je: all h v lly. i m d d ly m m
l g. i y g d h wld d l hw mh
mly g, y wld vy dd. b l
h l d h dl wh y mm mhg, why h l hm lw h x? i h wldg
xmly m lw d h hv m l g d
h wd d w h v hmlv.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
53/67
51
i m , l d w . thy d w w ; hy
hd hm wy. iv g ( 1949 h)
d md m w. evy mm hl dy w
lly. ad wh y w h d h y h w,
y g vy dd.
DA: In your opinion, have the International Criminal Court charges
against Bashir helped or hurt in the international situation with Sudan?
Do you feel that collective action under the banner of responsibility to
protect would be more effective?
je: Vy gd q, d vy dl w. i w
wh h , L M-om, wh i w D d h
w wg h w. i d hm, Y d y d ill d
m. i m g d h il cml c, h
h h d m w ly g h h lzd h w dlmm,
h h w gg h ld q h ld
gvly h ll d q h
h l mmy whh w w h.
uly, h l lll wh h ld h Lra [Ld
r amy] ugd w g h gm h m pd
[jqm] ch Mzmq hd wd h . [jh]
ky dd h dd w g th Hg, h
gm w gd. Y hv wgh h g h l
h w hv hv ly w m v whl l g
, d m ly. W l hv mg d
w w m y h wh w h w d h wh l h
w. th nmg l w h dg h wh w
hd, y l hy w lwy h w h w
wh ly w hy, l hd h h d. s h vyvlzd x , i hd m y h dlmm.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
54/67
52
om hd dw h gd hg. th h-dg l
dd h gd hg; h h wll-w. thy d
h w m hg d m g hmy h gh, .
b l m y, i w gd g wh. L mm h w
mh m wh h l mmy. i w yg
myl, my h w, my ld . th h
mh w mh m v h d slm d
my ld l Dh, d i ld myl h gd
. uly w.
DA: How do we deal with the U.N. Security Council veto power that
halts international cooperation?
je: Vy gd q. th sy cl h ud n m
md. i m h wld. th v m mm wh
hv h v gh h v w w h hm dy.
Y hv id, j, bzl, sh a, ng, egy. Y hv my,
my dd h, d y w hv v, yd hv
d ll. s h d lg h sy cl.
Hwv, i m h d i vy ly h wh lv
h hld l lgm h v. W ldy hv lm
wh v h h v d . F ,
gd h h h v h ld h
. i y hv dlg h v w, i h h ud n
wld mmlzd d ld w. i m h w h h
mhg l m h sy cl w wh h x
h v d h whv ml ld h wh m
m v m-m mm.
b my v d d h d q h v, whh
vy mld w v- l. i d
h h h y ly lh h v h v w
h m h h g w h ud n ly,
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
55/67
53
hy hd h v w l d y. b i h
h v h d vy l h, whh h ld
h g .
i h h sy cl hld m m d m g dy.
i my ym H blx ld hv d h h w
m d iq h m m h h sy cl hdgd h l d wd hm m wh h
d h d d y h hv d d m h
sy cl wld hv hgd h ll m dy.
s h sy cl hld g . i wld g y h
my hld m d m l h h v l
l d . i d gly my d h sy cl whi w h d h Gl amly i hd m hy d lh
i ld wh hm Why d y w l h chl chh?
ad hy d, Wh d y m?
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
56/67
54
i d, Y hld w l h dl wh hy h h .
Y l hm h s chl d ly wh h wh m
m h yv g h l. i ly wh yv gd h
l h yv d y . th h wy i h hld w,
d d q hg h h.
DA: How do you think the United Nations, NGOs and others can
emphasize more strongly conflict prevention?
je: im gld y h lg h l. i y mv h m
m h l g l h ly , yv md g
wd. th mh w d v.
W ld m h w hv whh d d l. W
dd hg dg h cld W. sgh dg h cld W w
mly gh ll gh h l mly gh. sgh
dy wld m m gh wll-dd, dg
my vl. sgh hld l h y. sgh hld
vml l. sgh hld d wldg d
h. sgh hld yg l wh lv h . th
gh ly lly l xlly. i h h m h
y h y hv m l vv .
b h, l, v l y ld hv ly wg ym h
w w hld dd h l y h wy. Y hv -
dg m h g . Y hv al 33, h gh m ly
d. Y hv vv dlym v d . Y
hv h gd, g h wv h d m yg
Ld d wly p d dg h my x hv.
ad y hv y vlzd , mly h dl h
h . all h d h v.
ad h h l, dly , y hv hv hm
, y hv hv l, hl, ldg,
l , dvlm gm h l d
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
57/67
55
g. blv , 50 h l h l 20 y hv
d g. s h lly l d ld h
lm d.
DA: How difficult is it to get different parties to the negotiation table
and to put a common interest on the agenda?
je: th w h md , i m y mdly, lmd. i l yg
g h h wg hl: Y dg hm d y g hm
h wg hl, h y y dd g h
d? n, i d h hylly l. th h mmm
ll wll. i h mmm dg ll wll, v h
md h wld d.
My lm D d slm slm lm D w h w hd
ly gvm h w mlly dd, i my y
mldly, w h nl cg py d h spLM (h h d
h ), l h h h mvm w ld. th
w 20 mvm, xmly, wh w d jy 2007. W,
gh wh hm, gh dw v d h h d h w
v. b v v mvm y g wh v d
d gvm.
o w y g hm m h l wh mm .
ad h m h d . Wh w h w hgh h h
w-hg, wlh-hg d y (dmm h jwd)
hy w lly d. s w d y h h y hv
20, gh, v mvm, h hy hd h m . ad
h y hm, Why d y m h l? Y m h
w: Wh m ? Wh h wh ld h dlg?
ad h wh vl y m . i mdd hm wh l hm d h vllg wd h.
s gh g hm h l. o hy h, hy ll hv
hv h mmm ll wll hv l.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
58/67
56
DA: This question says that the United Nations and international law is largely
based on Western models. Is there any effort to recognize or incorporate
local African or Asian models of conflict prevention and peacebuilding in
the conflicts we face today? If so, do you have any examples?
je: i w gl m. i h h y dg
d gh w, mly h hm gh, ly ,
v v g W, h d. im vy wd
h i h h vly h vl d h
uvl Dl Hm rgh.
i w d h Gl amly wh h
Dm d ll v h wld. ilm md, dlg, m
m d d, Y hv v h whl l hm gh. W
hv hv gh h v lg.
ad i d, F, i dd y m. b i ll y, mw
i d y d, i wll mmdly hv m h W w
gh h dm h , dm x.
W hv lly ggl w m h w d h vly
h l. th d m h y hw ll vy,
d h h h . b wh m h m
h w gd 1948, w hld hm. i wld
xmly dd v d ly w
ll t h m h h.
DA: Do you see any progress in the Israeli-Palestinian situation? Also,
is the United Nations going to take any action against Israel since more
civilians than military combatants died in the recent massacre in Gaza?
je: o h lg , i m vy hy h pd om h h
v ly h dy mv h d wd wld
l. i h h pd cl d pd bh gh h
il-pl h l y h d wh h w
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
59/67
57
-l , d h lly y l h dy. s im vy gld
h m g gh . i h h w il gvm wll mv
h , hgh dd l vy mg l dy
g. nw h L py h d h l. i d w whh h
wll ld ly h g. i h .
My m h i d h w wll hv h il-pl
l l h l d h m h l h
h gh hg d d l l d h h
lghd l-. oly wh w hv h m d wll
h l h l. pl w d h v l
h ud s. th ud s h ly g m d.
im y y h ud n llv d hv h gh,
h wh h il wh h a wld. th e u d
hv h dg. th gl l y il. s,
h ud s d h w d h wh i h hv .
th l lly dl, h hl l; d
h gh ll wll. i w mg g h , h
h wld wll hg vy v d. i y vl
ll v h ilm d a wld, l v a, h m
. s w hv h , wh h d
il l gh x d y, l h h
pl hv gh ld h lm h h w l
wh lm wh m lgmy h m ld. th hv
lvd h , m lvd h . th lm h y hv
ddd h h vy ml lg d h dm, lly
d jlm, h m dl.
o h h , i d l h vy h gh l-d
d d h w ly h L d h Gz . b i l y wh v, d hvg ld ll h
lwy i , h h il w d d h
vl d hvy h l. i vy d. i dd
m d il h h w h . i h h m h il
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
60/67
58
hmlv dl wh h d i w h vg gg
h . uly, wll h Hm rgh cl, whh
y il d l y h ud s, m dg ghly, h
vy l d my -il. b h m h il hmlv
dl wh , h . a l, y hv hv h w m d
g l hg d lg hg.
DA: What forces or factions at the United Nations are inhibiting cooperative
settlement of Darfur, and how may such opposition be resolved?
je: th wll D l h h gh
lvl. Y hv hv l dg y h ud
n sy cl, d h, h h m d w
h ud s d ch. sdly, y d hv gh wh
l lm, d h y gh chd, Ly, egy
d e. th h h y hv hv d chd
lly. i h d wld l l h m wh hy g
hm, hy wll h h d w chd d sd w
d y l 1885 bl. th Zghw h d. ad
y d hv d mlz w chd d sd, y
wll hv D. thdly, h gvm h hv d
. i d l mhg h lm w h nl
cg py d h spLM, h y h h. Lly, h mvm
d gh gh d hv d .
th y lg l, ? ad wg y h ,
y hm, w w hv . th why mly g. i
d h iv v hd hylly d mlly m dmdg l
dl wh h h 18 mh i wd D. th w lwy
mhg wg y h , whh xdd d ll xd h
l. ad w w ld hv l hm .
DA: Are there any groups or individuals in Darfur representing the
women who have been raped? And then the final question: In the
darkest moments you have witnessed, what is something that keeps
you going? Why do you continue to do this?
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
61/67
59
je: i lly g h m w w h h
m, h wm w h m, d h w d h w
wd hv h wm h m. th h x m, h wm
w h h m w g h q. i d, n, i
w hv h wm i hm, i hy w
q hy mhg i y. ad lly h h d
h gd. ad h w l d hm ly. th m w
g hm, h m w ld h l lv.
i mm lg wm. i ld hdly h wd h w yg,
h w hmd ll h y . ad i mm h 17-y-
ld y wh ld h h h g h dg
hg d h mh d g d, d h hm h h l. W
hd my m hm. Wh w l m h wm gz
D, hy w xmly vl. W m hm d h m, d
vl hm m khm.
Wh i mm h m w v vllg h h
whh w ld, wh v h rd c ld g. W ldd h,
d h l h h hld w gy. thy h
hg d lmd m wh i g dw my l hm
i hd 10 hld hgg ll v m, i w l chm . ad h
i hd wm m mhg h gd, d i d, Wh
y mg?
ad hy w mg, W, w, w. thy hd wl w
h g w, d h gh dy w gv h hld.
ad i d l wh hd hm. s, w hd h v.
nw, wh m gg? th w x my l w sml 1992 h w h w iv v h w m dh
lg h d. ad i mm mg h hl, h ll l
h w hd h uniceF [ud n chld Fd] m whh
w h l w hd h d wh hd dd
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
62/67
60
dg h gh. i w hl. W hd mll g h hld d g
g h dl. i m h mdl m h w ih d, i
h, d ky d ll sml . thy w h m
l 7 l h mg 11 l gh. i d hm, Y
, im md.
ad hy d, Y w, h gy wh hv d h dmg, d
h h l, d y h h hy wll l m m w? shld
i l? shld i ? th v i hv g m. ad
h g i m .
s iv d dl myl. id mg ll d lg
h, i hl g .
Wh i w 26 y ld, i d w h ld my l vy gly.
o w Dg Hmmld Waymarks ld mg, h
l wym. H wd w , ll . i
dd hm v dy h i dd g 26.
th d i d w bd rll ghy. i h-
vlm w d wy, y d hv d ll h. H w h
ghy h g 85, d h l h l, whh w
vy h l: , mhm, hlh, h, v,
h mg vy v l. H l h l d w
lg d q g. H w wh h d hm, wh
h dv hm h l.
th gh, im lg mly, d l h. th ,
ml vwhlmgly g, hv gvd my l: h lgg lv,
h h wldg, d l y h g md.
th l g wd hv lw m, hh d hh, wywd, v gh, hg h vy vg d.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
63/67
61
rELATED rEsOurCEs
2005 World Summit. www..g/mm2005/
Anna Lindh Memorial Fund. www.ldhmd.m
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees.
www.hh.h/hml/m3//__.hm
Eliasson, Jan. elhg t h Hl: pvv Dlmy d hF h ud n.Preventive Diplomacy: Stopping Wars Before TheyStart. ed. kv M. chll. rvd d udd ed. nw Y: tyl &F, i., 2000.
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.www.l-dlm.g
International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect.
www.ly.g
International Committee of the Red Cross.www..g
United Nations Charter.www..g//dm/h/
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.www.d.g
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women,
Peace and Security.www..g/v/_1325.d
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1820 on Women and
Peace and Security.www..gv/dm/gz/106577.d
i d h h g 26 d i h y w m 2 l h
mg d i wld mm h, i d w. i y y h lgg
lv. i y y h h wldg. i y y h l y
h g md. b i d y d. ad i d y
gh. i wld h y y dm d mhg
h d h w w wg d h w d mv. s
y h i w h y vg m s Dg.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
64/67
62
ABOuT ThE unIVErsITY OF sAn DIEgO
chd 1949, h uvy s Dg (usD) rm chl
hgh lg ld 180 vlg s Dg
M by. th uvy s Dg mmd mg dm
xll, xdg ll d l wldg, g dv
mmy d g ld ddd hl d m v.
usD d dd h xm h chl d
h g h mg my l. Gll
d dvlm d h l h d vl xmd
hgh m d h h j b. k i
p & j, h Vl i, h t-bd i, h c
pl i Lw, h i Lw d phlhy d h il
c ch ed. Fhm, hgh l m v
h h sl i c, h jm bd sdl Ldh
d eh symm d h j b. k Dghd L s,
w v h mmy h xl h vl.
i y, usD h hd my dghd g ldg nl
p l d m pd jmmy c d o a, sm
c , ud n d ud s gvm l wll
md m d h wld. i 1996, h vy
hd pdl D w dd bll cl d b Dl.
th usD m, dd h m hlly q h
, w all p. L h y s Dg, h m
m m s Dg d all, F h wh vd h
m all d H, my Mdd, s. th sh
r h h hz h v-y ld uvy
all v h h ldg h uvy
s Dg m. th h w dd y h d, bh
chl F bddy d Mh rl Hll, h h h
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
65/67
63
h hgh y d hmy. r dd, h h --
h- Dld p. shly c s d thlgy d h w
shl Ldh d ed s ldg y h d.
a mm h g ph b k, usD d mg h
100 v. usD 7,500 dgd, gd
d lw d g dm gm m h 60 ld dy
hgh x dm dv, ldg h cllg a d s d
h hl b adm, Ldh d ed s,
Lw, ng d Hlh s, d p sd.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
66/67
gIVE ThE gIFT OF PEACE
Support the Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice
Yo ca ppot te edcatioal, eeac ad peacemaki activitie of te
Joa B. Koc Ititte fo Peace & Jtice by maki a ece, tax-dedctible,
olie doatio at ttp://peace.adieo.ed o maili te doatio fom
below wit a ceck payable to:
Joa B. Koc Ititte fo Peace & Jtice
uiveity of sa Dieo
5998 Alcal Pak, sa Dieo, CA 92110-2492
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
__ i wld l h i Ldh cl wh g $1,000 m d v
v l d v.
__ My g $1,500 m ld g h usD pd cl d h
i Ldh cl.
__ i wld l h i gm wh g :
__ $500 __ $250 __ $100 __ $50 oh $______________________
__ eld h my g__ s d d m lw
pl hg my d d: __amex __Dv __Mcd __V
a. # _________________________________________________ex. _____________________
sg_________________________________________________________________________
nm _________________________________________________________________________
add __________________________________________________________________________
cy/s/Z/cy _____________________________________________________________
ph (Dy) ( ____ ) _______________________ (ev) ( ____ ) __________________________
eml ____________________________________________________________________________
__ pl dd m y mlg l m i gm d mg v.
-
8/3/2019 Jan Eliasson -- Armed Conflict: The Cost to Civilians
67/67