James Cook James Cook

explorers explorers

Introduction Introduction James Cook was a British Explorer.James Cook was a British Explorer.He was born on October the 27He was born on October the 27 thth 1724 1724His first experience at sea came at the age of 18 His first experience at sea came at the age of 18

when he signed on as a deckhand aboard a when he signed on as a deckhand aboard a Whitby collier carrying coal to London. He Whitby collier carrying coal to London. He became an accomplished mathematician in his became an accomplished mathematician in his spare time and was actually offered a command spare time and was actually offered a command of his own ship but refused and joined the Royal of his own ship but refused and joined the Royal Navy as a seaman. His talents were soon Navy as a seaman. His talents were soon recognized and after two years he became recognized and after two years he became master of his own ship .master of his own ship .

James Cook portraitJames Cook portrait

FamilyFamily

James cook father and mother were James cook father and mother were farmers. His Dad was named James farmers. His Dad was named James Cook as well and his mother was Grace Cook as well and his mother was Grace Pace .James Cook had a family of 5 but Pace .James Cook had a family of 5 but some of James Cook sisters and brother some of James Cook sisters and brother died at the age of 5, their names were died at the age of 5, their names were Mary, Mary (again), Jane and William. Mary, Mary (again), Jane and William. His older brother John, died at the age of His older brother John, died at the age of 23. 23.

Love lifeLove life

Cook married Elizabeth Batts, daughter of Cook married Elizabeth Batts, daughter of Samuel Batts keeper of The Bell Inn. They had Samuel Batts keeper of The Bell Inn. They had 6 children James, Nathaniel, Elizabeth, 6 children James, Nathaniel, Elizabeth, Joseph, George and Hugh. 3 of his children Joseph, George and Hugh. 3 of his children died in their childhood (infancy). He married died in their childhood (infancy). He married Elizabeth Batts at the age of 34. Although Elizabeth Batts at the age of 34. Although married for 17 years, they only spent 4 years married for 17 years, they only spent 4 years together due to extensive travelling. When together due to extensive travelling. When Cook was not at sea he lived at the East End Cook was not at sea he lived at the East End Of London. Of London.

Early LifeEarly Life

Cook was born in the village of Marton in, Cook was born in the village of Marton in, Yorkshire In 1736, his family moved to Airey Yorkshire In 1736, his family moved to Airey Holme farm at Great Ayton , where his father's Holme farm at Great Ayton , where his father's employer, Thomas Skottowe paid for him to employer, Thomas Skottowe paid for him to attend the local school (which is now a attend the local school (which is now a museum). When cook was younger he always museum). When cook was younger he always wanted to be a captain of a ship named after wanted to be a captain of a ship named after him. In 1741, after 5 years of schooling, he him. In 1741, after 5 years of schooling, he began to work for his father. In 1745 he moved began to work for his father. In 1745 he moved 32km to the fishing village of staithes to be an 32km to the fishing village of staithes to be an apprentice in grocery/haberdashery. apprentice in grocery/haberdashery.

Captain Cook’s ShipsCaptain Cook’s Ships

Cook’s ships were called the Resolution. Cook’s ships were called the Resolution. The Resolution was only 110 feet (34. The Resolution was only 110 feet (34. meters). The Endeavour was even meters). The Endeavour was even smaller. He also had a ship called the smaller. He also had a ship called the Adventure Adventure

11stst Voyages Voyages

In 1766 Cook got hired to travel on a boat to the In 1766 Cook got hired to travel on a boat to the pacific ocean to observe and record the transit pacific ocean to observe and record the transit of Venus across the sun. He sailed from of Venus across the sun. He sailed from England 1768,rounded cape horn and England 1768,rounded cape horn and continued westward to the pacific to arrive at continued westward to the pacific to arrive at the shores of Tahiti on the 11the shores of Tahiti on the 11 thth of April 1769, of April 1769, where the observations were made. He where the observations were made. He travelled on his ship the Endeavour with 98 travelled on his ship the Endeavour with 98 crew men. He always made sure that his crew crew men. He always made sure that his crew would eat healthy. He made sure the ship had would eat healthy. He made sure the ship had fruit and vegetables everyday.fruit and vegetables everyday.

22ndnd voyage voyage

Later after his return, Cook was promoted from Later after his return, Cook was promoted from master to commander. A while after that he master to commander. A while after that he was commissioned by the Royal Society to was commissioned by the Royal Society to search for the mythical terra Australis. He took search for the mythical terra Australis. He took two different ships the Adventure and the two different ships the Adventure and the resolution. The accomplishment of the second resolution. The accomplishment of the second voyage was a big success. Cook almost voyage was a big success. Cook almost encountered Antarctica but turned back North encountered Antarctica but turned back North towards Tahiti to resupply his ship. towards Tahiti to resupply his ship.

33rdrd Voyage Voyage

On Cooks last voyage he travelled to the On Cooks last voyage he travelled to the South Pacific, from there he travelled South Pacific, from there he travelled Northeast to explore the west coast of Northeast to explore the west coast of North America. He landed near the First North America. He landed near the First Nations Village. He sailed on the Nations Village. He sailed on the resolution with 112 other people .During resolution with 112 other people .During this time Cook experienced an attack, this time Cook experienced an attack, local people killed and ate James Cooks local people killed and ate James Cooks crew.crew.

Antarctica Antarctica

In 1772 James cook was sent to search for In 1772 James cook was sent to search for Antarctica. Cook was to go to Antarctica and Antarctica. Cook was to go to Antarctica and find wildlife ect. His voyage lasted three years. find wildlife ect. His voyage lasted three years. Him and his crew travelled in two small ships Him and his crew travelled in two small ships called the Resolution and the Adventure. Cook called the Resolution and the Adventure. Cook and his crew crossed the Antarctic circle four and his crew crossed the Antarctic circle four times. Cook and his crew were the first to times. Cook and his crew were the first to circumnavigate Antarctica and prove that it lay circumnavigate Antarctica and prove that it lay south of the Antarctic circle. He also south of the Antarctic circle. He also discovered other islands on his voyage such as discovered other islands on his voyage such as South Georgia and South Sandwich islands. South Georgia and South Sandwich islands.

Reasons of Fame Reasons of Fame

James Cook was famous because he was James Cook was famous because he was the first to discover Antarctica and that the first to discover Antarctica and that made him a very famous explorer. He made him a very famous explorer. He was also famous because he discovered was also famous because he discovered other islands. other islands.

Cooks PredictionCooks Prediction

Cook predicted that no one would explore Cook predicted that no one would explore further south then he did, he also said further south then he did, he also said that Antarctica was a remote country and that Antarctica was a remote country and it was a frozen waste land. it was a frozen waste land.

Legacy Legacy

Cooks 12 years sailing around the Pacific Cooks 12 years sailing around the Pacific ocean contributed much to European ocean contributed much to European knowledge of the areas. Several islands knowledge of the areas. Several islands such as Sandwich islands were such as Sandwich islands were encountered for the first time by encountered for the first time by Europeans and his more accurate Europeans and his more accurate navigational charting of large areas of the navigational charting of large areas of the Pacific was a major acheivment.Pacific was a major acheivment.

Death Death

In January 14th 1779 Cook spent some weeks In January 14th 1779 Cook spent some weeks refitting at Hawaii. Soon afterwards he was refitting at Hawaii. Soon afterwards he was forced to return because of further damage to forced to return because of further damage to resolution (Ship). The Hawaiians, friendly on resolution (Ship). The Hawaiians, friendly on the first occasion, were now hostile. A large the first occasion, were now hostile. A large crowd gathered and attacked the landing party. crowd gathered and attacked the landing party. In the resulting confusion, cook was stabbed In the resulting confusion, cook was stabbed before his guards of marines could intervene. before his guards of marines could intervene.

James CookJames Cook

He has been viewed as a thorough, He has been viewed as a thorough, systematic, professional seaman, greatly systematic, professional seaman, greatly respected by his crew historians. Many of respected by his crew historians. Many of his navigations charts were used well into his navigations charts were used well into the 1800’s due to his great skill and the 1800’s due to his great skill and accuracy in cartoonography.accuracy in cartoonography.

James Cooks MapsJames Cooks Maps

MapsMaps

James Cooks brothers James Cooks brothers and sistersand sisters

James Cooks wifeJames Cooks wife

This is James Cooks wife Elizabeth Batts. This is James Cooks wife Elizabeth Batts.

ReferencesReferences

We used the book called Explorers of We used the book called Explorers of Antarctica.Antarctica.

We used the WikipediaWe used the Wikipedia www.jamescook.comwww.jamescook.com We used another book called The life of We used another book called The life of

James Cook.James Cook.

The EndThe End

Done by Kelsey Taylor Done by Kelsey Taylor

and Emily Ennis.and Emily Ennis. ThanksThanks