IVFRT Biometrics

8/17/2019 IVFRT Biometrics

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Biometrics TechnologiesBiometrics Technologies

Agenda Agenda

I.I. Biometrics OverviewBiometrics Overview

II.II. Broad ComparisonBroad ComparisonIII.III. Identification Vs AuthenticationIdentification Vs Authentication

IV.IV. Biometrics in IVFRTBiometrics in IVFRT


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Biometrics OverviewBiometrics Overview

Physiological and/or behavioral characteristicsPhysiological and/or behavioral characteristics “ “

1.1. Behavioral:Behavioral:

– – Voice Voice – – Key StrokeKey Stroke

– – SignatureSignature

– – odorodor

2.2. Physiological:Physiological:

– – FingerprintFingerprint – – Hand GeometryHand Geometry

– – IrisIris

– – FacialFacial


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ContdContd……

Identification and verification:Identification and verification: – – Finger scanFinger scan

– – Iris scanIris scan

– – Retina scanRetina scan

– – Facial scan (optical and infrared)Facial scan (optical and infrared)

Verification only: Verification only: – – Hand GeometryHand Geometry

– – Voice Print Voice Print – – Keystroke BehaviorKeystroke Behavior

– – SignatureSignature


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ComparisonComparison

Biometric Type Accuracy Ease of Use User Acceptance

Fingerprint High Medium Medium

Hand Geometry Medium High Medium

Voice Medium High High

Retina High Low Low

Iris Medium Medium Medium

Signature Medium Medium High

Facial Low High High


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Identification Vs. AuthenticationIdentification Vs. Authentication

Identification Authentication

It determines the identity of theperson.

It determines whether the personis indeed who he claims to be.

No identity claimMany-to-one mapping.Cost of computation number ofrecord of users.

Identity claim from the userOne-to-one mapping.The cost of computation isindependent of the number ofrecords of users.

Captured biometric signaturescome from a set of knownbiometric feature stored in thesystem.

Captured biometric signaturesmay be unknown to the system.


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ContdContd……

Authentication Authentication

– – 1:11:1

IdentificationIdentification

– – 1:N1:N


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Biometrics in IVFRTBiometrics in IVFRT

Biometric Enrolment – 10 Fingers

Verification -1:1 Matching

Identification - 1:N Matching


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Biometric EnrolmentBiometric Enrolment

1.1. Indian Missions abroad for Visa ApplicantsIndian Missions abroad for Visa Applicants

2.2. ICP for Deportees & Visa on ArrivalICP for Deportees & Visa on Arrival

Finger scan:Finger scan: Measures unique characteristics in aMeasures unique characteristics in afingerprint (Minutiae)fingerprint (Minutiae)


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Biometrics VerificationBiometrics Verification

At the Arrival Counter at ICP At the Arrival Counter at ICP

Sample verification at Indian MissionsSample verification at Indian Missions

Verification at FRROs Verification at FRROs

Eventual integration with CCTNSEventual integration with CCTNS


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Biometrics IdentificationBiometrics Identification

Central Processing Office; againstCentral Processing Office; against

BL (Black List)BL (Black List) DeporteesDeportees

Visa Applicants for duplicate Visa Applicants for duplicate


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Performance MetricsPerformance Metrics

False Acceptance Rate (FAR)False Acceptance Rate (FAR)

False Rejection Rate (FRR)False Rejection Rate (FRR)

Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)

Ability To Verify (AVT) Ability To Verify (AVT) – – AVT = (1 AVT = (1 -- FTE)(1FTE)(1 -- FRR)FRR)


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BiometricsBiometrics -- Data ProtectionData Protection

Security ToolsSecurity Tools Data EncryptionData Encryption

Digital SigningDigital Signing

Signature VerificationSignature Verification

Data DecryptionData Decryption


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BiometricsBiometrics

Questions?Questions?

DemonstrationDemonstration

Online EnrollmentOnline Enrollment Offline EnrollmentOffline Enrollment

Local VerificationLocal Verification

Remote VerificationRemote Verification

Software Development & ChallengesSoftware Development & Challenges


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Software DevelopmentSoftware Development

5 stages in Verification & Identification5 stages in Verification & Identification

1.1. fingerprint image acquisitionfingerprint image acquisition

2.2. image processingimage processing

3.3. location of distinctive characteristicslocation of distinctive characteristics

4.4. template creationtemplate creation

5.5. template matchingtemplate matching


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Challenges Faced in Enrolling theChallenges Faced in Enrolling the

FingersFingers1.1. Acquiring high Acquiring high--quality image of the fingerprints.quality image of the fingerprints.

2.2. Quality of print differs from person to person andQuality of print differs from person to person and

from finger to finger. Some people have difficultfrom finger to finger. Some people have difficult--toto--acquire fingerprints.acquire fingerprints.

3.3. Taking an image in the cold weather can alsoTaking an image in the cold weather can also

have an affect. Oils in the finger help produce ahave an affect. Oils in the finger help produce a

better print. In cold weather, these oils naturallybetter print. In cold weather, these oils naturallydry up. Pressing fingers harder on the scanner candry up. Pressing fingers harder on the scanner can

help in this case.help in this case.


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Standards FollowedStandards Followed

1.1. Many types of minutiae exits, a common one beingMany types of minutiae exits, a common one being

ridge endings and bifurcation.ridge endings and bifurcation.

2.2. A typical finger A typical finger--scan may produce between 15 andscan may produce between 15 and

20 minutiae.20 minutiae.3.3. 80 percent of finger80 percent of finger--scan technologies are based onscan technologies are based on

4.4. minutiae matching but the pattern matching is aminutiae matching but the pattern matching is a

leading alternative.leading alternative.

5.5. The downside of pattern matchingThe downside of pattern matching -- createdcreatedtemplate is several times larger in byte size and alsotemplate is several times larger in byte size and also

more sensitive to the placement of the finger duringmore sensitive to the placement of the finger during

verificationverification


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Support mail idSupport mail id

– – [email protected]@nic.in

IVFRT Biometrics

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