IUCN Criteria

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IUCN Criteria of Endangerment Praveen Kumar Singh M.Sc. Environmental Science Central University of Rajasthan

Transcript of IUCN Criteria

IUCN Criteria

of

Endangerment

Praveen Kumar SinghM.Sc. Environmental Science

Central University of Rajasthan

IUCN at a glance

Founded in 1948 as the world’s first globalenvironmental organisation

Today the largest professional globalconservation network

A leading authority on the environment andsustainable development

More than 1,200 member organizationsincluding 200+ government and 900+ non-government organizations

Almost 11,000 voluntary scientists and experts,grouped in six Commissions in some 160countries

IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in45 offices and hundreds of partners in public,NGO and private sectors around the world. TheUnion’s headquarters are located in Gland,near Geneva, in Switzerland.

A neutral forum for governments, NGOs,scientists, business and local communities tofind practical solutions to conservation anddevelopment challenges

Continued……

Thousands of field projects and activities around the world

Governance by a Council elected by member organizations every four years at the

IUCN World Conservation Congress

Funded by governments, bilateral and multilateral agencies, foundations, member

organisations and corporations

Official Observer Status at the United Nations General Assembly

What does IUCN do?

Conserving biodiversity is central to

the mission of IUCN. It demonstrate

how biodiversity is fundamental to

addressing some of the world’s

greatest challenges such as climate

change, sustainable development and

food security.

To deliver conservation and

sustainability at both the global and

local level, IUCN builds on its

strengths in the following areas:

Science – 11,000 experts setting

global standards in their fields, for

example, the definitive international

standard for species extinction risk –

the IUCN Red List of Threatened

Species™.

Action – hundreds of conservation

projects all over the world from the

local level to those involving several

countries, all aimed at the sustainable

management of biodiversity and

natural resources.

Influence – through the collective

strength of more than 1,200

government and non-governmental

Member organizations, IUCN

influences international

environmental conventions, policies

and laws.

Continued……

How does IUCN work?

All of the work is framed by a Global

Programme, developed with and

approved by IUCN member

organisations every four years.

Current programme runs from 2012

to 2016.

IUCN's Global Programme is

coordinated by IUCN’s Secretariat

and delivered in conjunction with

IUCN member organisations,

Commissions and IUCN's theme-

based programmes:

Business

Economics

Ecosystem management

Environmental law

Forest conservation

Gender

Global policy

Marine and polar

Protected areas

Science and knowledge

Social policy

Species

Water

World Heritage

Continued……

The

IUCN

Categories

Not Evaluated (NE)

Near Threatened (NT)

Data Deficient (DD)

Endangered (EN)

Critically Endangered (CR)

Vulnerable (VU)

Extinct in the Wild (EW)

Extinct (EX)

Least Concern (LC)

(Evaluated)

(Adequate data)

Data Deficient (DD)

A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or

indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or

population status.

Tree Tomato

Solanum [Cyphomandra] betacea

Not Evaluated (NE)

A taxon is Not Evaluated when it has not yet been evaluated

against the criteria.

Although DD and NE are not

threatened categories, taxa classed as

DD or NE should NOT be treated as

not threatened.

Data Deficient (DD) tags

Taxa listed as DD may be given the following tags

Unknown provenance: The taxon is known only from one or more

specimens with no or extremely uncertain locality information, so that it is

not possible to make any further inference about its status.

Uncertain taxonomic status: The taxon’s validity at the species level has

been questioned or is unconfirmed, e.g., it may represent a subspecies,

hybrid, ecophenotype or aberrant individual.

Insufficient information: There is inadequate information on the

population size/structure, trend or range to apply the Red List Criteria.

Near Threatened (NT)

A taxon is Near Threatened when it has been evaluated against the criteria and

does not qualify for CR, EN or VU now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to

qualify for a threatened category in the near future.

Least Concern (LC)

A taxon is Least Concern when it has been evaluated against the criteria and does

not qualify for CR, EN,VU or NT. Widespread and abundant

taxa are included in this category.

Chinkara in Desert National Park

Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra)

A taxon is threatened when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of

the criteria for the thresholds stated in one of the three threatened categories:

Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered.

Critically Endangered (CR)

CR taxa are considered to be facing an extremely high risk of

extinction in the wild.

Endangered (EN)

EN taxa are considered to be facing a very high

risk of extinction in the wild. Tiger

Vulnerable (VU)

VU taxa are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction

in the wild.

Great Indian bustard

Sarus crane

A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has

died.

Javan tiger

Extinct (EX)

Extinct in the Wild (EW)

A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in

captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well

outside the past range.

A species is presumed EX or EW only when exhaustive

surveys have been carried out:

• throughout its historic range;

• in known and/or expected habitat;

• at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual); and

• over a time frame appropriate to the species' life cycle

and have failed to record an individual.

Extinct (EX) Extinct in the Wild (EW)

PE species are those that are, on the balance of evidence, likely to be extinct, but for

which there is a small chance that they may be extant and thus should not be listed

as Extinct until adequate surveys have failed to find the species and local or

unconfirmed reports have been discounted.

CR (PE)

Possibly Extinct Tag

Evidence for extinction:

For species with recent last records, the declines have been well documented.

Severe threatening processes are known to have occurred (e.g. extensive habitat

loss, spread of alien invasive, intensive hunting).

The species possesses attributes known to predispose taxa to extinction e.g.

natural rarity and/or tiny range, etc.

Recent surveys have been apparently adequate given the species’ ease of

detection, but have failed to detect the species.

Evidence against extinction:

Recent field work has been inadequate (any surveys have been insufficiently

intensive/extensive, or inappropriately timed; or the species’ range is

inaccessible, remote, unsafe or inadequately known).

The species is difficult to detect (it is cryptic, inconspicuous, nocturnal,

nomadic, silent or its vocalisations are unknown, identification is difficult, or the

species occurs at low densities).

There have been reasonably convincing recent local reports or unconfirmed

sightings.

Suitable habitat (free of introduced predators and pathogens if relevant)

remains within the species’ known range, and/or allospecies or congeners may

survive despite similar threatening processes.

Possibly Extinct species

Possibly Extinct species

Possibly

Extinct

Nature of the criteria

There are five quantitative criteria which are used to determine whether a taxon is

threatened or not, and if threatened, which category of threat it belongs in

(Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable).

The five criteria are:

A. Declining population (past, present and/or projected)

B. Geographic range size, and fragmentation, decline or fluctuations

C. Small population size and fragmentation, decline, or fluctuations

D. Very small population or very restricted distribution

E. Quantitative analysis of extinction risk (e.g., Population Viability Analysis)

Thank You…