ITM UNIVERSITY

Naya Raipur, Raipur

B.Tech (Bachelor of Technology)

Second Year Engineering Syllabus

Fourth Semester

Department of Civil Engineering

2016

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Civil Engineering Branch

B.Tech Fourth Semester Syllabus Teaching and Examination Scheme

Subject Subject Name Teaching

Examination Scheme

Code Scheme

Th.+Tut Pr. Theory Marks Term Practical Total (L+T) (P) Internal End Work (External) Assessment Sem. (Internal)

CT‐1 CT‐ 2 CT Exam

AVG

301401 Numerical Analysis 06 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100

301402 Strength of Material 06 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100

301403 Advanced Fluid Mechanics 04 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100 301404 Geotechnical Engineering-I 04 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100 301405 Structure Analysis-I 04 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100 301406 Surveying ‐ II 04 ‐ 30 30 30 70 ‐ ‐ 100

301407 Strength of Material Lab. ‐ 02 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15 35 50

301408 Advance Fluid Mechanics ‐ 02 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15 35 50 301409 Civil Engineering Drawing Lab ‐ 02 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15 35 50 301410 Surveying – II Lab. ‐ 02 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15 35 50

301411 Value Education ‐ 02 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15 35 50 301412 Project ‐ II ‐ 04 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 50 100 150

28 14 180 420 125 275 1000

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Subject Code: 301401 Subject Name: Numerical Analysis

Lectures: 6 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Detailed Syllabus Topics

UNIT‐I: Numerical Solutions Of Algebraic And Transcendental Equations: Curve fitting

linear and non-linear regression analysis (Method of group average and Least squares)Bisection

Method, Regula-Falsi Method, Newton-Raphson Method, Secant Method, Birge-Vieta Method,

Bairstow’s Method.

UNIT‐II: Numerical Solutions Of Simultaneous Linear Equations: Direct Methods- Gauss

Elimination, Gauss-Jordan & Crout’s Triangularisation Method. Iterative Methods - Jacobi’s,

Gauss- Siedal & Successive over Relaxation Method.

UNIT-III Interpolation: Introduction, Finite Differences ‐ Forward, Backward, Central

Differences, Symbolic Relations, Differences of a polynomial, Newton's formula for interpolation,

Central difference interpolation formulae ‐ Gauss's, Sterling’s, Bessel's formulae Interpolation with

unequal intervals ‐ Lagrange's and Newton's Interpolation formulae

UNIT-IV Numerical Differentiation & Integration: Numerical Differentiation ‐ finding first

and second order differentials using Newton's formulae.Numerical Integration: Gauss quadrature

formula , Trapezoidal rule, Simpson's rule and Weddle’s rule

UNIT–V: Numerical Solution Of Ode & Pde: Numerical solution of ordinary differential

equations by Taylor’s series, Euler, Modified Euler, Runge-Kutta and Predictor-Corrector method.

Numerical Solutions of Partial Differential Equations: Introduction, Classification of second order

equations, Finite difference approximations to partial derivatives, Solution of Laplace equation,

Solution of Poisson’s equation by iteration methods.

Recommended Books:

1.Numerical Methods in Engineering & Science – Dr. B.S. Grewal – Khanna Publishers, 6th Edn. 2004

2. Numerical Methods – P. Kandasamy, K. Thilagavathy & K. Gunavathy – S. Chand & Co., 2nd Rev.

Edn. – 2003

3. Hi.gher Engineering Mathematics – B. S. Grewal (42nd – Edition) – Khanna Publishers .

4.Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers by K. Shankar Rao, Prentice Hall of India.

5. Numerical Methods, by S. S. Shastry, Prentice Hall Inc. India 1998.

6. Computational mathematics – Dr. H.K. Pathak ( 1st - Edition) – Shiksha sahitya prakashan.

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Subject Code: 301402 Subject Name: Strength of Material

Lectures: 4 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Detailed Syllabus

Topics

Unit I : Simple Stresses and Strains : Materials used in construction and their nature. Hook’s law, Stress‐Strain

Diagram for elastic, plastic materials and brittle material, Idealized stress‐strain diagram , Concept of axial

stresses(compression, tension), strains(linear, lateral, shear and volumetric), Elastic constants and their

relations. Stresses and strains due to change in temperature. Stresses, strains and deformations in determinate and

indeterminate structures for homogeneous and composite structures under concentrated loads and temperature

changes.

Unit II : Bending and Shear Stresses : Concept and determination of Moment of Inertia for various cross‐ sections.

Stress due to bending: theory of simple or pure bending, Assumptions, derivation of flexure formula, bending stress

distribution diagrams, Moment of Resistance of cross‐section. Shear stresses in beams: concept of shear,

complimentary shear, derivation of shear stress formula, shear stress distribution for various cross sections,

maximum and average shear stress for circular and rectangular sections. Shear connectors.

UNIT III: Torsion and Strain Energy: Torsion of circular shafts: theory of torsion, assumptions, derivation of torsion formula. Stresses, strains and deformations in determinate and indeterminate shafts of hollow, solid,

homogeneous and composite cross‐sections subjected to twisting moments. Power transmitted by shafts, twisting

moment diagrams. Strain energy and impact: concept of strain energy, expression of strain energy for

axially loaded member under gradual, sudden and impact loads. Strain energy due to self weight

UNIT IV: Principal Stresses and Strains: Principal stresses and strains: concept of principal planes and principal stresses, normal and shear stresses on an oblique plane, magnitude and orientation of principal stresses and maximum

shear stress. Combined effect of axial stress, bending moment, shear and torsion. Theories of failure:

maximum normal stress, maximum shear stress and maximum strain theory.

UNIT V: Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram: Concept of shear force and bending moment. Relation

between shear force, bending moment and intensity of loading. Shear force and bending moment diagrams for

cantilevers, simple and compound beams due to concentrated, uniformly distributed, uniformly varying loads

and couples in determinate beams. Bending moment and loading diagram from given shear force diagram.

Recommended Books:

1. Strength of Materials – R. Subramanian, Oxford University Press

2. Elements of Strength of Materials – TimoShenko and Young, East‐West Press Ltd.

3. Strength of Materials:S. Ramamrutham, Dhanpatrai Publishers.

4. Strength of Materials:R.K. Rajput, S. Chand Publications.

5. Strength of Materials‐F.L. Singer and Andrew Pyt Ltd, Harper and Row Publication

6. Strength of Materials:S.S. Rattan, Tata Mc‐Graw Hill, New Delhi

7. Mechanics of Materials‐Beer and Johnston, McGraw Hill Publication

8. Introduction to Mechanics of Solids‐E.P. Popov, Prentice Hall Publication

9. Mechanics of Materials:Pytel and Singer, Mc‐Graw Hill, New Delhi.

10. Strength of Materials:William A. Nash and NillanjanMallick, Mc‐Graw Hill Book Co .(Schaum’s

Outline

Series)

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Subject Code: 301403 Subject Name: Advanced Fluid Mechanics

Lectures: 4 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Detailed Syllabus

Topics

Unit – I : LAMINAR FLOW : Steady uniform laminar flow in circular pipes ; Velocity and shear stress distribution; Hagen – Poiseuille equation. BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY : Nominal thickness, displacement thickness , momentum thickness of the boundary layer . Boundary layer along a long thin plate and it’s characteristics; Laminar boundary layer ; turbulent boundary layer , laminar sub

layer : Separation of boundary layer on plane and curved surfaces. REAL , INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID

FLOW AROUND IMMERSED BODIES : In general definition of drag and lift; Flow past plates , cylinders and spheres ; drag on sphere , cylinder and flat plate.

Unit – II : FLOW THROUGH PIPES : Hydraulically smooth and rough pipes ; Frictional resistance to flow of fluid in smooth and rough pipes ; Nikurade’s experiment ; Moody’s chart , Darcy‐Weisbach & Hazen William’s equation for frictional head loss; Hydraulic gradient and energy gradient : Pipes

in series and parallel; Branched pipes ; Siphon; transmission of power through pipes ; Hardy – Cross method of pipe networks; Water hammer pressure head due to sudden closure of valve.

Unit –III FLOW THROUGH OPEN CHANNEL : (A) GENERAL : Types of channel and their geometrical properties; Types of flow in open channel (B) UNIFORM FLOW:Chezy’s and Manning’s equations ; Hydraulically most efficient rectangular , triangular and trapezoidal sections ; Computations of normal depyh of flow , conveyance of channel , section factor for uniform flow , normal slope (C) CRITICAL FLOW : Specific energy and it’s diagram ;alternate depths ; Computations of critical depth

section factor for critical flow , critical slope ; normal critical slope ; Specific force and it’s diagram ;

Conditions of critical flow.

Unit – IV APPLICATIONS OF SPECIFIC ENERGY, GRADUAL TRANSITIONS OF CHANNELS : GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW : Dynamic equation for GVF; Classification and characteristics of surface profiles; Direct Step method of computing profile length. RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW : Definition of hydraulic jump ; Equation of hydraulic jump in horizontal rectangular, Channel; Length& height of jump; Energy loss in jump; Classifications of jump

08 Unit – V: HYDRAULIC MODELS: Difference between model and prototype; Similitude‐type of similarities ; Model laws Reynoloids model law and Froude model law ; Types of model – distorted , undistorted ; Froude’s method of determining resistance to partially submerged objects like ship. FLUID MACHINERY: Impact of Jet stationary and moving curved vanes. TURBINES Definition : Gross and net heads; different efficiencies; Classification of turbines; component parts and working principles ; selection of turbines on the basis of head and specific speed. Centrifugal Pump: Centrifugal and Reciprocating Pumps, Its component’s; its working principle; Static and manometric heads; different efficiencies; Specific speed; Theoretical aspect of multistage pump, pump in parallel; Priming devices; Trouble & remedies; Main & operating characteristics curves selection on basis of operating characteristics. RECIPROCATING PUMPS: Components parts, Working principle, Work done of single & double acting pumps ; Negative slip , Air vessels – Working principle and necessity.

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Recommended Books:

1. Streeter, V.L., and Wylie, E.B., “Fluid Mechanics”, McGraw-Hill, 1983.

2. Kumar, K.L., “Engineering Fluid Mechanics”, Eurasia Publishing House (P) Ltd., New

Delhi (7th edition), 1995.

3. Vasandani, V.P., “Hydraulic Machines - Theory and Design”, Khanna Publishers, 1992.

4. Bansal, R.K., “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Machines”, (5th

edition), Laxmi publications (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1995.

5. White, F.M., “Fluid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 5th Edition, New Delhi, 2003. 6. Ramamurtham, S., “Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics and Fluid Machines”,

Dhanpat Rai and Sons, Delhi, 1998.

7. Som, S.K., and Biswas, G., “Introduction to fluid mechanics and fluid

machines”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2nd edition, 2004.

8. Fluid Mechanics and Machines - Dr. A.K. Jain (Khanna Publications) 9. Mechanics of Fluid - Irving H. Shames (McGraw Hill) 10. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics - James A. Fay (Prentice Hall India) 11. Fluid Mechanics - Dr. P.N. Modi (Standard Book House) 12. Fluid Mechanics -John F Dougles (Pearson Publication)

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Subject Code: 301404 Subject Name: Geotechnical Engineering ‐ I Lectures: 4 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs Detailed Syllabus Topics

UNIT – I Introduction Formation of soil, Criteria of classification particle size classification, Textural classification, Unified & I.S. classification system field identification Expansive solid their identification and related problems. solids generally used in practice such as sand, gravel, organic silt, clay, Bentonite, Hard pan cellche, peat; loess, black cotton soil etc. Phases of Soil: Various soil weight& volume inter – relationship. Density indices, methods of determining in situ density. UNIT - II Index Properties & Their Determination Water content, specific gravity, sieve analysis, particle size distribution curve, sedimentation analysis, Differential and free swells value. Consistence of soil – Atterberge limits, determination, soil structures and application.

UNIT – III PermeabilityDarcy’s law & its validity, Discharge & seepage velocity, factors affecting Permeability, Determination of co-efficient of permeability by Laboratory and field methods, permeability of stratified soil. Seepage: Seepage pressure, quick condition, flow nets, Laplace equation, method to draw Flow nets, characteristics & uses of flow nets characteristics & uses of flow nets, preliminary problems of discharge estimation or homogeneous soils, Effective Neural and total stresses in soil mass. UNIT - IV Compaction: Mechanics of compaction factors affecting compaction standard & modified proctot Tests OMC field compaction equipment quality control. Consolidation Compression of laterally confined soil Terzaghis* 1 – D consolidation theory (formation of Differential equation) determination of coefficient of consolidation, degree of consolidation. Determination of pre consolidation pressure, settlement, rate of settlement. UNIT – V Shear Strength and Stress Introduction, Mohrs diagram, Mohr Coloumbs theory, Measurement of Shear strength by direct shear test, triaxial test unconfined compression test, vane shear test, sensitivity. Stress Distribution: Stress distribution in soil mass Boussinesque point load, Uniformly loaded rectangular & circular areas, New marks charts.

Recommended Books:

1. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – B.C. Punmia (Laxmi Publication)

2. Soil Engineering in Theory and Practice (Vol-II) – Alam Singh (Asia Publishing House, New

Delhi)

3. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – S.N. Murthy (Dhanpat Rai Publications) 4. Basic and Applied Soil Mechanics – Gopal Ranjan& Rao A.S.R. (New Age International, New

Delhi,1998) 5. Design Aids in Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – S.R. Kaniraj (Tata McGraw Hill,

New Delhi) 6. Geotechnical Engineering Principles and Practice – Donald P. Coduto (Prentice Hall of India,

New Delhi) 7. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – Garg S.K. (Khanna Publishers)

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Subject Code: 301405 Subject Name: Structural Analysis – I Lectures: 4 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Detailed Syllabus

Topics

Unit – I : Introduction of Statically indeterminate Structures : Concept of Static indeterminacy, Analysis of fixed and continues beams by theorem of three moments, effects of sinking of support.

Unit – II : Rolling loads on simply supports beams with concentrated and uniformly distributed loads, maximum B.M. and S.F. Influence lines for reactions, bending moments and shear forces in simply supported beam. Influence lines for forces in members.

Unit – III : Strain energy method as applied to the analysis of redundant frames and redundant truss up to two Degrees, Determination of deflection of trusses. Maxwell’s reciprocal theorem.

Unit – IV :Bucking of columns and beams. Euler’s and Rankine’s formula. Analysis of Two‐Hinged arches. Slope defection method as applied to indeterminate beams & continues beams portal frames.

Unit – V :Frame with inclined legs up to 3 degree of freedom. Approximate method: Analysis of multi‐ stored frame, portal, cantilever and substitute frame methods.(max. three bay three storey). Column Analogy Method.

Recommended Books:

1.Theory of Structure by S P Timoshenko Mc. Graw Hill

2.Intermediate Structural Analysis by C K Wang Mc. Graw Hill

3.Plain and Reinforced concrete Structures, Vol.‐II by Jain, Jai Krishna Laxmi Publication 4. Theory of Elasticity by S P Timoshenko Mc. Graw Hill 5. Experimental Stress Analysis by Rally & Dally Mc. Graw Hill 6. Structural Analysis by C.S.Reddy Mc. Graw Hill 7. Structural Analysis by R.C. Hibbler Pearson Education

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Subject Code: 301406 Subject Name: Surveying ‐ II Lectures: 4 Hrs/Week Theory Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Detailed Syllabus Topics

Unit‐I : Tachometric Surveying: Classification, principal of stadia method, theory of Analytic lens, distance and elevation formulae, tangential method.

Unit‐ II : Simple, Compound, Reverse Curves And Vertical Curves: a) Simple Curves: Elements of simple curves, methods of curve ranging, obstacles in setting

out curves

b) Compound Curves: Elements of compound Curves, setting out the curve. c) Reverse Curves: Elements of reverse Curves, setting out the curve. d) Vertical Curves: Elements of vertical curves, types, tangent correction, location of

highest or lowest point.

Unit‐III : Transition Curves: Elements of transition curves, super elevation, length of transition curve, Ideal transition curve, characteristics of transition curve, setting out the transition curve.

Unit‐ IV : Geodetic Surveying And Triangulation Adjustment Geodetic Surveying: Classification of triangulation survey, inter‐visibility of stations, field work, reduction to centre, base line measurement, corrections. Triangulation Adjustment: Definitions, weighted observations,

laws of weights, station adjustment, figure adjustment (Triangle only)

Unit‐ V : Advanced Techniques In Surveying: Total station, Electromagnetic Distance Measurement(EDM). Photographic Surveying:Basic definitions, terrestrial and aerial photography, scale of Aerial photo parallax measurements.

Recommended Books: 8. Surveying & Levelling by B.C. Punmia (Vol 2 & Vol 3) 9. Surveying & Levelling by Kanetkar& Kulkarni (Vol 2) 10. Remote sensing & G.I.S. by Dr. M. AnjiRddy

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Subject Code: 301407 Subject Name: Strength of Material Lab. Practical: 2 Hrs/Week

Detailed Syllabus

Term work: Term work shall consist of record minimum ten experiments out of the following;

1. To study the Universal Testing Machine. 2. To perform the Tensile Test of Mild Steel on U.T.M and To Draw Stress–Strain Curve.

3. To determine strength of wood on U.T.M (i) Along the Grain (ii) Across the Grain.

4. To determine shear strength of Mild Steel on U.T.M.

5. To observe Flexural Behavior of Timber specimen and to determine it’s strength

under transverse loading on U.T.M.

6. To study the Impact Testing Machine and test specimen of Izod and Charpy.

7. To determine Izod and Charpy Value of the given mild steel specimen.

8. To study the Fatigue Testing Machine and to discuss the procedure to find out

endurance limit of given material.

9. To study the Spring Testing Machine.

10. To determine modulus of rigidity for the material of open and closed Coiled Helical

Spring Subjected to Axial Load by spring testing machine.

11. To study the Torsion Testing Machine

12. To determine ultimate shear stress and modulus of rigidity under Torsion.

13. To study the Cupping Test Machine and to determine Erichsen value of Mild Steel sheet.

14. To study the Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine and to determine the Rockwell

Hardness of the given material.

15. To study the Brinell Hardness Machine and to determine the Brinell hardness of the given

material.

16. To study the Vickers Hardness Machine and to conduct a test on the machine.

17. Buckling of column More experiments must be there with reference to the contents of subject code 301402

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Subject Code: 301408 Subject Name: Advanced Fluid Mechanics Lab. Practical: 2 Hrs/Week

Detailed Syllabus

Term work: Term work shall consist of record minimum ten experiments out of the following;

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Study of flow around immersed bodies. 2. Determination of Darcy – Weisbach friction factor for given pipes. 3. Determination of Mannings or Chezy’s constant for an open channel. 4. Developing specific energy diagram for an open channel. 5. Study of GVF profiles 6. Study of hydraulic jump in a horizontal rectangular channel. 7. Study of performance of Fransis Turbine. 8. Study of performance of Pelton wheel turbine. 9. Study of performance of Centrifugal pump. 10. Study of performance of reciprocating pump.

Any other experiments with reference to the contents of subject code 301403.

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Subject Code: 301409 Subject Name: Geotechnical Engineering ‐I Lab. Lectures: 2 Hrs/week Lectures : 2 Hrs/week

Detailed Syllabus

Term work: Term work shall consist of record of the experiments out of the following; List of Experiments:

1. Moisture content.

2. Specific gravity of soil

3. Grain size Analysis – ( Sieve Analysis )

4. Atterbarge Limits

5. Permeability by constant head of falling head.

6. Proctors compection Test.

7. Field Density determination sand replacement method.

8. Field Density determination core cutter method.

9. Unconfined compression test.

10. Direct shear Test.

11. TriaxialComprassion test ( Demonstration)

12. Strength test on Blend soil.

13. To find F.S.W. and D.F.S. of soil.Identification of swelling Soil. One field visit & its report must be included in journal / practical record book / separately in spiral

binding.

Any other experiments with reference to the contents of subject code 301404.

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Subject Code: 301410 Subject Name: Surveying – II Lab.

Practical: 2 Hrs/Week Detailed Syllabus

Term work: Term work shall consist of record minimum ten experiments out of the following;

List of Experiments: 1. To perform the experiment for reduction to centre from different positions of a satellite

station when: (i) Satellite station in north position, (ii) Satellite station in left position. 2. To perform the experiment for reduction to centre from different positions of a satellite

station when: (i) Satellite station in south position, (ii) Satellite station in right position. 3. To find the most probable value of angle for combined triangle by method of difference. 4. To find the most probable value of triangles of a quadrilateral shapes by method of correlates. 5. To find the most probable value of triangles by the method of Gauss rule. 6. Adjustment of two connected triangles. 7. Adjustment of quadrilateral by method of least square. 8. Adjustment of geodetic triangles with central station by method of least square. 9. Determination of Tachometric constants. 10. Determination of elevation and distance when line of sight inclined upward. 11. Determination of elevation and distance when line of sight inclined downward. 12. Determination of elevation and height by tangential method when both angles are angles

of elevation. 13. Study of Electronic Digital Theodolite. 14. Study of Total Station. 15. Study of Auto level. 16. Measurement of sides of a triangle using Laser Distance Meter.

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Subject Code: 301411 Subject Name: Value Education Practical: 2 Hrs/Week

Detailed Syllabus

Topics

UNIT-I Introduction to Value Education: Significance of Value Education, Human

Objectives and its attainment, Meaning and concept of "happiness

UNIT-II Ethics and Values: Ethics and Ethical behaviour, Values, Maintaining Values

in Life Span.

UNIT -III Society and its formation: Human as a Social Creature, Concept of Society,

Process of Socialization, formation of Culture and Religion.

UNIT -IV Understanding the Self: Understanding human reality – body and mind, Self-

consciousness and physical consciousness, Soul, Supreme Soul and nature.

UNIT -V Family: Individual and Relations Kinship: Relation with special reference to

Father, Mother, Brother, Sister, Wife and children. Holding these positions and

behaving with these positions, Joint Vs. Nuclear Family.

Term work: Term work shall consist of record of atleast TWO CASE Based Studies.

The record must contain the following:‐

14. Well-defined Case – based Problem 15. Motivation to select such problem 16. General approach to solve such problems 17. Methods Applied to Solve such Problems 18. Process or Procedure (Flowchart and Algorithm) to solve Problem 19. Basic Software and Hardware required to solve such problem (If any) 20. Practical Applications 21. Final Observations and Conclusions 22. Any help to the Society through the above said Problem.

Please Note: ‐ Based on the above a power point presentation must be given by the candidate and

defended with positive attitude

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Subject Code: 301412 Subject Name: Project ‐ II Lab. Practical: 4 Hrs/Week

Detailed Syllabus

Term work: Term work shall consist of report / thesis submitted based on the topic of one goodEngineering / Research based problem.

1. Formation of team, selection of topic : Presentation on different project topics, Team

formationincluding students and guide, Literature review in Library and internet on different

project topics, Selection of Project topic and objectives

2. Site Visits (If required): Before undertaking the project design, team should visit sites where

theproject is already implemented and get acquainted with different perspectives. They should

meet experienced personalities in the area and take their advice.

3. Preliminary Design: After selection of topic, the team should carry out further literature

reviewand then come out with the preliminary design of the project in the form of drawing and

explanation.

4. Semester Project Progress Report: A semester project progress report should be

preparedcomprising the work done as said above. The report should be presented before the

Department faculty and subject experts.

The Report / Thesis must contain the following:‐

1. Well‐defined Case – based Problem

2. Motivation to select such problem

3. General approach to solve such problems

4. Methods Applied to Solve such Problems

5. Flowchart and Algorithm to solve Problem

6. Basic Software and Hardware required to solve such problem

7. Practical Applications

8. Final Observations and Conclusions

9. Any help to the Society through the above said Problem.

Please Note:‐ Based on the above work a power point presentation must be given by the candidate

and defended with positive attitude. The candidate will be appreciated if he / she present his / her work in a Conference or publish his / her work in a reputed Journal.

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