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Transcript of Issues on E-Commerce Development in Asia Pacific Region 1998. 3 Jin Ho Hur ([email protected]) Chair of...
Issues on E-Commerce Development in Asia Pacific Region
1998. 3
Jin Ho Hur ([email protected])
Chair of Board of Directors
Asia & Pacific Internet Association
1998, APIA
Agenda
Internet Development in AP Reality Check Issues Remarks
1998, APIA
Asia & Pacific Region
1998, APIA
AP Internet Market ASEAN (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines)
diverse, highly regulated, infrastructure developing rapidly
Australia and New Zealand well-developed, 12 months behind US
Greater China Group (China, HK, Taiwan) regulated, greatest possibilities in sheer volumes
India and Sri Lanka lack basic infra, innovative with good-skilled resources
Japan the largest, rapidly developing market
Korea the second largest in Asia, rapidly developing market
Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos) just beginning, weak infra, highly regulated (no online access)
1998, APIA
Stages In Internet Growth
Vietnam
India Thailand
PhilippinesIndonesia
China
Malaysia
KoreaHong Kong
Taiwan Japan
Singapore Australia
Source: Lotus AP
1998, APIA
Number of Hosts
(Source : Net Work Wizards)
pana
ngapore
a
l
95.1 95.7 96.1 96.7 97.1 97.7 98.1 CAGR(%)Jap a n 96,632 159,776 269,327 496,427 734,406 955,688 1,181,991 130.41
Australi a161,166 207,426 309,562 397,460 514,760 707,611 742,064 66.36Taiwan 14,618 16,166 25,273 30,645 34,650 40,706 178,914 130.45
New Zealand 31,215 43,863 53,610 77,886 84,532 155,678 174,406 77.45Korea 18,049 23,791 29,306 47,973 66,262 132,370 127,903 92.08
Hong Kong 12,437 15,392 17,693 24,133 49,162 48,660 67,359 75.61Sin g a po r e 5,252 9,208 22,769 38,376 28,892 60,674 58,313 123.09Malaysia 1,606 1,087 4,194 8,541 25,200 40,533 32,448 172.36
China 569 1,023 2,146 11,282 19,739 25,594 16,482 207.11Thailand 1,728 2,481 4,055 6,362 9,245 12,794 14,583 103.59Indonasi a177 848 2,351 5,262 9,591 10,861 10,426 289.09
India 359 645 788 2,176 3,138 4,794 7,451 174.81Philippines 334 365 1,771 3,117 3,628 4,309 4,370 135.64
Tota l344,142 482,071 742,845 1,149,640 1,583,205 2,200,272 2,616,710 96.64
1998, APIA
Number of Hosts
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
95.1 95.7 96.1 96.7 97.1 97.7 98.1
J apanAustrali aTaiwanNew ZealandKoreaHong KongSin g a po r e
MalaysiaChinaThailandIndonasi aIndiaPhilippines
a
ngapore
a
Australia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
Fiji
New Zealand
Guam
Hong Kong
India
Macao
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
U.S.A.
Europe
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
BangladeshVietnam
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
LegendLeased LineDial-up or X.25
Brunei
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Hawaii
Macro Map - 1993Macro Map - 1993
Australia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
Fiji
New Zealand
Guam
Hong Kong
India
Macao
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
U.S.A.
Europe
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
BangladeshVietnam
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
Available via anonymous ftp from ftp://apng.org/apng/010.map.psCopyright (C) 1995 Asia Pacific Networking Group
LegendLeased LineDial-up or X.25
Brunei
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Hawaii
Macro Map - 1994Macro Map - 1994
Australia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
Fiji
New Zealand
Guam
Hong Kong
India
Macao
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
U.S.A.
Europe
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
BangladeshVietnam
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
Available via anonymous ftp from ftp://apng.org/apng/010.map.psCopyright (C) 1995 Asia Pacific Networking Group
LegendLeased LineDial-up or X.25
Brunei
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Macro Map - 1995Macro Map - 1995
Hawaii
Australia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
Fiji
New Zealand
Guam
Hong Kong
India
Macao
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
U.S.A.
Europe
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
BangladeshVietnam
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
LegendLeased LineDial-up or X.25
Brunei
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Laos
Cambodia
Hawaii
Macro Map - 1996Macro Map - 1996Does not include International NSP Backbones
EuropeNew Caledonia
Australia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
FijiTongaVanuatuSolomon Islands
New Zealand
Guam
Hong Kong
India
Macao
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
U.S.A.
Europe
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
BangladeshVietnam
Mongolia
Papua New Guinea
LegendLeased LineDial-up or X.25
Brunei
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Laos
Cambodia
Hawaii
Macro Map - 1997Macro Map - 1997Does not include International NSP Backbones
EuropeNew Caledonia
Seychelles
1998, APIA
Reality Check Internet infrastructure development
Is getting stronger, but still needs further development, especially on regional backbone
Has been largely in sync with economic development stages Regional hubs :Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia
E-Commerce efforts Are emerging; not yet a significant market driving force, but mostly
entrepreneurial efforts or long-term investment Most efforts are targeting at domestic market with a few regional ones Few, if any, success stories yet Many are still confused on the proper business model Many eyes on business-to-business, rather than business-to-
consumers. Few actual developments in reality
1998, APIA
E-Commerce Examples
Cases Aggregation: eg. asia-online.com News services: eg. Pointcast Asia Online shopping: numerous Feature services
Real estate information, stock information, entertainment, ...
Local information: eg. Digital city guide
Remarks A number of trial/speculative services Few, if any, mission critical services yet: eg online stock trading
1998, APIA
Reality Check
Immature marketLow Internet penetration
Lack of confidence
Lack of infrastructure- Financial, telecom
Few business cases
Limited services/apps
1998, APIA
Reality Check Financial infrastructure
Lack of readily-available payment system Lack of credit analysis and notary system applicable
Telecom infrastructure Low Internet penetration ratio :
AU/NZ highest per capita world-wide, Japan reaching 10% Insufficient regional backbone
Confidence of consumers and providers Lack of real world utilization of information: distribution, trading, real-
estate, stock, …. Concern on security Concern on dispute resolution and liability issues
Building business Cases Task of mapping real world applications vs creating new apps Task of making success cases
1998, APIA
Observations Prioritization is needed to handle diverse issues. In short term, market development is of higher priority than
policy/regulatory issues, assuming some changes to current impediments, especially limitations in the financial system.
Immediate study for policy/regulation is needed for facilitating E-commerce development in longer term.
In mid-to-long term, a consistent and transparent policy framework is essential for continued market growth.
Policy framework is to facilitate the realization of the real world systems on Internet consistently and transparently.
Some thoughts are to be given to the policy framework to address peculiarity of commerce over Internet, eg. Global nature of trades over Internet.
1998, APIA
Issues- Immediate
Mostly, market development issues
Financial infrastructure Readily-available and interoperable credit card payment
Building business cases Pilot projects : maybe government initiation e.g. singapore.com
Study on legal, policy, and regulatory issues
1998, APIA
Issues- Mid-Term
Financial infrastructure Interoperable e-payment systems/standards Credit analysis/information for individuals/incorporations Building certification infrastructure: e.g. CA
Security Interoperable standards for cryptography, e-signature, ... Transparent policy, not impeding private sector efforts
Legal and regulatory issues Legal status of e-documents, e-signatures, … Taxation and customs
1998, APIA
Issues- Long-Term
Uniform “Commercial Code” Legal status of electronic contracts, electronic documents,
electronic signatures,… Dispute resolution and liability Reflection of real world practices Trans-border issues are of particular importance.
E-Payment Interoperable, diverse payment methods Considerations for common currency for intra- and inter-
regional trades
1998, APIA
Remarks
Proper policies and standards are required, but market development is of higher priority initially.
“We are not creating an entirely new animal.” Most issues are closely tied to real world economic issues. Financial infrastructure Policies and regulations
Infrastructure is to be institutionalized as soon as possible to facilitate private sector efforts Especially, financial infrastructure
1998, APIA
Remarks
Policy and regulations are not to restrict market development Consistent and transparent
Issues specific to each economy/region should be considered Different standards on value Currency