Issues identificationped
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Transcript of Issues identificationped
Issue Identification as
Key Step in Policy Advocacy
Ramon San Pascual, MPHExecutive Director, Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and
Development
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
A Policy is
• A plan or course of action
• By a government, organization or individual
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Linear Model of Policy Development
Variously called the linear, mainstream, common-sense or rational model, this model is the most widely-held view of the way in which policy is made. It outlines policy-making as a problem solving process which is rational, balanced, objective and analytical. In the model, decisions are made in a series of sequential phases, starting with the identification of a problem or issue, and ending with a set of activities to solve or deal with it.
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
An Example of the Linear Model
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NonLinear Model of Policy Process
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Problems
Politics
Solutions
Window of Opportunity for Policy Change
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Problems
Politics
Solutions
Window of Opportunity
Starting with Information
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Problems
Politics
Solutions
Information
Moving the Spheres Together
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Problems
Politics
Solutions
Policy
Learning
Agenda Setting
Coa
litio
n
Bui
ldin
g
The Policy Agenda• A set of issues
• In a hierarchy of importance
• At a given point in time
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
The Goal of Agenda Setting
Gain attention, keep the interest, influence action of:• the media• the public• policymakers
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Characteristics of Issues that get on the Policy Agenda
• Clear, measurable indicators • Policy champions• Feasible policy or program alternatives• Attention-focusing events
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Clear, Measurable Indicators
• Give visibility to problems or solutions
• Give relevance or importance to an issue
• Stimulate action
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Steps in Issue Identification
• Outline the problem
• Study the problem and its causes in detail
• Determine how aware the public is of the issue, deciding who will participate in fixing it
• Gauge which policy changes are needed to address the identified problem
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Capable Champions
Committed individuals or groups who
• Define problem and keep attention focused continuously
• Dramatize concern using indicators
• Seize opportunities to focus attention
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Policy Learning
• The ongoing stream of information to policymakers and other actors in the policy making process
• An understanding by all actors of complex power relations, changing institutional arrangements, policy results or impact
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Monitoring and Evaluation
We need evidence which show that:
• Our issues have gained the attention of policy makers. (i.e.,gotten on the policy agenda)
• Our activities have enhanced coalition efforts to increase support to the policy agenda
• The information we disseminated was used for policy learning
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
Ultimately…
We need evidence of changes in policies (national, sector, or program level), programs, strategies, or resource allocation
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development
In Summary• Policy change is a complex, dynamic process
• Three basic elements are agenda-setting, coalition building, policy learning
• Issue identification is key
• Information is a key but must be disseminated strategically;
• Evaluate, evaluate, evaluate
Engaging Parliamentarians Pursuing Development