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Issues and Perspectives

WSS MDG Roadmaps for AfricaTen years are left for 2015, the year by which the nations of the world pledged to reduce, by half, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and sanitation. Africa is the only continent off-track' to meet the water supply Millennium Development Goals (MDG) target, and one of many regions also unlikely to achieve the sanitation target. It will require determined and focused effort by African leaders to achieve a significant increase in service access. Many African countries are adopting processes to develop roadmaps' specific action plans to accelerate sector activity, address key blockages and monitor national progress to achieve these goals. WSS MDG roadmaps are not master plans, nor do they replace existing national plans. They are country-owned initiatives that align national plans and investments with global targets. Senegal, for example, endorsed a national WSS MDG roadmap in January 2005: it strengthens the national reform process in a coherent institutional plan, makes critical amendments to WSS policies, incorporates a financing strategy and investment plans, including specific strategies in urban and rural areas to reach the poor. WSP-Africa (working in close partnership with its financial partners, the EU Water Initiative, the World Bank and the African Development Bank) has restructured its work plan to assist African countries develop and implement these roadmaps. Their achievement will require political commitment to the WSS sector, leadership by governments, and consistent and increased support by a coalition of external agencies. At a pan-African level, the African Minister's Council on Water (AMCOW) provides an opportunity, for the first time, for the continent to promote home-grown sector dialogue, the exchange of experience between countries, and consistent approaches to monitor progress. WSP-Africa is working with many African governments, AMCOW, European Union Water Initiative (EUWI), the African Development Bank, and the World Bank on a first African MDG Country Assessment report which collates the status of country WSS MDG roadmaps and their implementation.

|CONTACT Piers Cross

100 Words on Water

Mainstreaming Gender in Achievement of WSS MDGs

Women have a critical role to play in promoting a new attitude towards the use of water resources. In furtherance of the MDG on gender equality and empowerment, the African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) will steer the formulation and implementation of a cross-cutting gender strategy for all its activities. The strategy will include elements of organizational capacity building and change management to mainstream gender in management of water resources, and delivery of water and sanitation services. Best practices in gender mainstreaming in programs and activities relating to water, sanitation and good hygiene will be documented and disseminated. Credible sex-aggregated data and gender-analytical information on water, sanitation and hygiene will also be assembled and made available to those who need it, to formulate gender-sensitive water resources developments projects and programs in Africa.

By Hon. Maria Mutagamba, Chair of AMCOW and Minister of State for Water, Uganda

WSP News

HQ

Development Marketplace 2006 (DM2006), in collaboration with the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) and the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP), is offering US$4 million in awards for local projects with innovative solutions improving access to clean water supply, safe sanitation, and reliable energy services in developing countries. The theme will build on the ongoing efforts by the World Bank, WSP, and ESMAP to increase access to water supply, sanitation, and energy services in developing countries in an environmentally and financially sustainable manner. The objective of DM2006 is to recognize and support local initiatives that increase access to sustainable,

Together, Turning Ideas into Action

WaterQuote

WSP PhotoACCESS

Samuel Orwa Tiele, centre, a small-scale water supplier,sub-contracted as "Master Operators" by the local authority in Kisumu, Kenya, meets with members of Katuoro Residents Self Help Group who assist him to manage a new water supply line into Nyalenda informal settlements.

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November 1, 2005

affordable, and safe water, sanitation, and energy services for poor people in developing countries. DM2006 is open to all, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other civil society organizations (CSOs), multilateral and bilateral development agencies (including the World Bank), private foundations, universities and schools, private sector groups, individuals, and local and municipal governments. For instructions and detailed information on how to apply, visit www.developmentmarketplace.org. If you are unable to access the internet or the website, contact the team by fax at (+ 1 202) 522-2042 or viaemail to . The call for proposals closes on November 30, 2005. The winners will be announced on May 9, 2006 in Washington, DC.

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with the 15th Stockholm Water Symposium took place in Stockholm, Sweden, during August 21-27, 2005. It's Program Management Team and other staff represented WSP. Among other events, a full-day seminar titled

was convened by WSP, SIWI, SIDA and Transparency International. The seminar included eight presentations and case studies on corruption or its prevention in the water sector. WSP had commissioned three case studies. The papers are likely to be published as a separate volume on water and corruption. Another full-day session, titled 'Tailoring Water and Sanitation Solutions to reach the MDGs' was convened by SIWI, IWA and the Water Environment Federation. The session comprised cases of national and local innovation that can increase efficiency and impact in the sector. WSP delivered the keynote address, focused on financial approaches, and drew on emerging lessons from finance studies in Africa. A half-day session, convened by WSPand the WSSCC and titled

, provided a forum for five leading African ministers to come together to share success factors in accelerating national programs to meet the MDGs. They discussed ways in which the African Ministers' Initiative for WASH could mobilize further political commitment for the sector. WSP chaired the wrap-up session that summarized the main success factors and future tasks for AMIWASH.

was a half-day session convened by WSSCC and WSP, and brought together leading experience in applying marketing principles to sanitation promotion. WSP presented a paper on Strategies for Rolling out Sanitation Marketing in Africa' that outlined the large-scale sanitation marketing approach that WSP is supporting key African sanitation agencies to implement. WSP also participated in a number of meetings including meetings of the EU Water Initiative Working Group on WSS and the EUWI Finance Working Group. WSP has recently signed a collaboration agreement with the EUWI and is a key strategic partner in EUWI WSS initiatives in Africa.

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-- developed by the World Bank, UNICEF, and WSP isavailable in a CD-ROM format and online at . The Toolkit assists policymakers, organizations, and professionals who are setting up hygiene, sanitation and water (HSW) programs in schools. It provides an overview of tools and programmatic steps for successful planning and implementation of HSW in schools' programs, and gives users access to a wealth of useful readings, tools, and template documents. (To order the CD-ROM and accompanying booklet, see link below.)

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DMinfo@worldbank.org

CONTACT Ede Ijjasz

2005 World Water Week in Stockholm The World Water Week

'Can We Meet International Targets Without Tackling Corruption'

'AMIWASH African MinistersComing Together to Meet the MDGs'

'Marketing Sanitation and Hygiene How to Sell Toilets like Toothpaste?'

EU Water Initiative

CONTACT Ede Ijjasz

Toolkit on Hygiene, Sanitation, and Water in SchoolsA Toolkit on Hygiene, Sanitation, and Water in Schools

www.schoolsanitation.org

CONTACT Kate Tulenko, Lene Jensen

Africa

With the support of its financial partners, WSP-Africa is extending its country field presence to strengthen support to country WSS MDG roadmaps. It recently opened an office in Kinshasa and will shortly be opening offices in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Cotonou, Benin; Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; and Kigali, Rwanda. In Kinshasa, George Kazad, WSP-Africa's country coordinator for the DRC, has agreed a work plan with the government which supports sector coordination;advises on institutional reform; supports , the national water utility (serving 94 cities and towns in the DRC), to strengthen service access to low-income households; and supports the implementation of a pilot program to rehabilitate and develop community-managed water supply systems.

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Roadmap In 2003, 56 percent of Niger's 11.5 million people had access to safe water supply and 21 percent had access to adequate sanitation. To achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target to halve those without improved water and sanitation services by 2015 -- an additional 5.9 million people would need access to water and 7.3 million need access to sanitation, out of an estimated population that would have grown to 16 million by 2015. The Government of Niger has developed a country roadmap for achieving global targets on water and sanitation with the assistance of WSP-Africa. A workshop was held during July 13-15, 2005, in Niamey to discuss the national WSS MDG roadmap process and define the nature of WSP-Africa support to the country. A roadmap

WSP-Africa in Benin, Burkina, DR Congo, Rwanda and Tanzania

REGIDESO

CONTACT Piers Cross

WSP-Africa Helping Niger Develop a WSS MDG

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About WSP

Administered by The World Bank and one of its oldest external partnerships, the Water and Sanitation Program is primarily a field-based organization with regional offices in Africa, East Asia and the Pacific, Latin America, and South Asia, and a Washington, D.C.-based headquarters.

WSP supports water and sanitation sector reform focusing primarily on poverty-targeted, gender-sensitive, community-based solutions in rural settlements, urban areas, and small towns.

WSP staff provides advisory support, helps identify and disseminate best practices and lessons from experience across countries, and facilitates informal networks of practitioners and sector stakeholders.

Contact Information

(254-20) 3226000, 3226386

(62-21) 52993003

(511) 6150685

(91-11) 24690488, 24690489

(202) 473-9785

WSP Africawspaf@worldbank.org

WSP East Asia and the Pacificwspeap@worldbank.org

WSP Latin Americawspandean@worldbank.org

WSP South Asiawspsa@worldbank.org

WSP Headquartersinfo@wsp.org

WSP Funding

Partners

The Water and Sanitation Program’s present funding partners are the governments of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland,

study supervised by WSP-Africa, with financial support from the Government of France, suggests a draft framework for improvement of sector coordination, strengthening of a monitoring and evaluation system, development of a water and sanitation action plan for 2007-2015, improvements in sector governance, and enhancement of integrated water resources management. The workshop recommended the revision and the improvement of the WSS MDG roadmap by a multi-stakeholders' steering committee set up by the Ministry of Hydraulic.

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The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is emerging out of a conflict that severely affected the country's water supply and sanitation sector. Only 22 percent of the 55 million population have access to safe water supply (37 percent in urban areas and 16 percent in rural areas), and 10 percent have access to sanitation. Access has, in fact, been declining since 1990. To attain the MDGs, the current capacity in DRC needs to be multiplied by 3.2 for water supply and by 5.5 for sanitation. Development partners are returning to post conflict DRC, but are concentrating mainly in large towns and cities. The national water utility is not currently able to serve all the DRC's informal settlements and small towns, where facilities were destroyed or abandoned during the conflict period and foreign subsidy support was stopped. WSP-Africa's operation in the DRC, with the support of Belgium, is supporting a large-scale project to improve WSS services in small town and peri-urban areas. The project, implemented by the DRC's Ministry of Energy, seeks to support NGOs to strengthen community management in small towns and peri-urban areas. Among other indicators, the project will be assessed on its capability to improve socio-sanitary conditions and generate stable jobs (with women as a priority).

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Three quarters of Madagascar's 17 million population lives in rural areas. Of these, only 14 percent have access to safe drinking water and less than 8 percent have access to adequate sanitation facilities. Urban coverage rates are 66 percent for water and 27 percent for sanitation, respectively. The Government of Madagascar started a reform process to tackle this service delivery challenge in 1998, but the process has not moved as fast as anticipated. A national workshop to review the reform process in Madagascar was held in Antananarivo during June 14-16, 2005. It was organized by the

(WUP-Africa), with support from the World Bank, the Water Utilities Partnership (WUP-Africa) and WSP-Africa. Attended by about 120 delegates, the workshop involved exchanging lessons and experiences with a few other countries on reform processes and the role of private sector participation to improve water and sanitation services. Presentations were made by organizations such as WSP,

from Tunisia, ELECTROGAZ from Rwanda, and , the water sector regulatory body in Zambia. The workshop issued a declaration committing to a participative approach to reform; adapting other models for Madagascar's unique conditions; and developing an action plan for reform communications.

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CONTACT Ousseynou Eddje Diop

Re-Building Small Town Water Supply in Post Conflict-DRC

REGIDESO

CONTACT Madio Fall, George Kazad

Madagascar Gearing Up for WSS Reform

Water Utilities Partnership

Societ Nationale d'Exploitation et de Distribution des Eaux' (SONEDE)

NWASCO

CONTACT Madio Fall

WSP-Africa has been contributing to the solid waste component of the World Bank's urban project in Guinea, now moving into Phase II. The activities of the solid waste sub-project have provided over 70 percent of 165,000 households of the capital city of Guinea, Conakry, with access to reliable and affordable service. Thirty-five small-scale enterprises pre-collect solid waste that is stocked in 28 small transfer stations. This has created or consolidated 3,000 jobs. A public utility (SPTD) provides bulk transport and ensures the final disposal of the waste to the improved landfill of La Mini re, which includes an environmental monitoring system and a pilot composting unit. WSP-Africa reviewed the lessons learnt from the project and produced a sustainable management strategy of the solid waste for the second phase. The strategy provides a framework to strengthen domestic private sector participation; create a sustainable financing mechanism for the whole chain of waste collection, transfer, transportation, and disposal; and, mitigate the impacts on the environment and public health.

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Solid Waste Project in Guinea Supports Small-Scale Entrepreneurs

CONTACT Ousseynou Eddje Diop

WSP-Africa hosted a sanitation marketing training meeting for WSP staff during June 17-18, 2005, in Nairobi, Kenya, to review knowledge and experiences in using marketing techniques to roll-out large-scale sanitation programs. Working with selected marketing experts with experience in sanitation marketing, WSP lead sanitation staff reviewed case studies and shared ideas on key steps to build large-scale sanitation marketing programs. Lessons were drawn from the experience in Benin of market research, a sanitation marketing pilot in Tanzania, the experience of Total Sanitation Approaches' in Bangladesh and India; sanitation marketing experience in Vietnam, and condom and bed net marketing in Uganda. The meeting helped WSP-Africa further develop appropriate sanitation-marketing approaches. Proceedings will be published; countries will be selected

Training in Sanitation Marketing

Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom; the UNDP, and The World Bank.

for the implementation of these approaches, starting within the current financial year. | CONTACT Ousseynou Eddje Diop

held its 17th Regional Water and Sanitation Seminar, during September 5-10, 2005, in Mombasa, Kenya, under the theme Managing Water Conflict: Challenges and Opportunities'. This seminar is an annual event that brings together policymakers and sector actors in the Eastern and Southern Africa region to discuss relevant themes related to environment, water and sanitation. Participants are drawn from the ministries of water and health, training institutions, international agencies, NGOs, universities, private sector and donor agencies. This year's seminar, attended by about 30 participants, addressed various aspects of water conflict and case studies of water conflicts in Africa and the Middle East. WSP-Africa made presentations on policy and regulations to manage water conflicts, and on the emerging role of strategic communications in mitigating social and political risks arising from conflicts over water resources. Communication examples from the multi-country Nile Basin Initiative and local level initiatives from Kenya were discussed. NETWAS is a capacity building and information resource network for Africa focusing on water, sanitation and environment sector. It comprises resource centers in Eastern Africa implementing capacity building activities on training of professionals, applied research, networking and information sharing, advocacy, and advisory and consultancy services.

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Sub-Regional Seminar on Managing Water ConflictsThe Network for Water and Sanitation (NETWAS)

CONTACT Japheth Mbuvi

East Asia and the Pacific

WSP-EAP, WASPOLA, AusAID, and the central government launched a series of policy roadshows to strengthen political support and local budget allocations for the implementation of the community-based WSS national policy, as well as to introduce the institutionally managed WSS policy. The roadshow team visited Bangka Belitung on July 28, 2005; Nusa Tenggara Barat on August 11-12, 2005, and Banten on August 29. Activities included discussions with the executive (vice governor, heads of districts) and legislative (district and provincial lawmakers in charge of WSS) branches of the provincial governments, as well as the mass media (radio talk show). In the roadshow to the Gorontalo Province on August 24-25, the team met with the Governor, heads of provincial offices, and legislators from all districts in the province. The team also went live on a WSS talk show on the state TVRI station. The series of activities resulted in declaration of support from the district and provincial stakeholders for the policy implementation including increased budget allocations in fiscal 2006, and agreement on key WSS issues in the respective locations. The number of participants ranged from 20 to 40 in different provinces. Each event received ample coverage by local print and electronic media. The team is prepared for three more roadshows in the upcoming months. The community-basednational policy is .

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WSS Policy Roadshows Kick Off

available hereCONTACT Russell Abrams, Sofyan Iskandar

During August 2-4, 2005, the Working Group organized a national WSS policy networking workshop in West Java involving 40 people from provincial and national WSS working groups, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), an international NGO (INGO), and universities. The objectives of the workshop were to improve participants' comprehension of the community-based WSS policy; introduce to them the institutionally managed WSS policy; hone their facilitation skills; and strengthen networking with mediating institutions such as NGOs and universities. The workshop resulted in shared lessons learned on WSS policy implementation from various districts; better facilitation skills among participants; support for policy implementation; and better understanding of the policies. The evaluation matrix showed that 60 percent of the participants found the workshop "very useful"; 40 percent said it was "useful."

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Strengthening WSS National NetworkingWASPOLA

CONTACT Russell Abrams, Sofyan Iskandar

WSP-EAP facilitated media coverage on several WSS-related issues during the last months. During an outbreak of water-related diseases in Indonesia, which in June alone killed dozens, WSP arranged a live TV interview of visiting EWD Director Jamal Saghir with leading news station Metro TV. The interview focused on waterborne diseases; WSS condition in Indonesia, region, and the world; and what the World Bank, WSP, and donors are doing in the field. In a related development, WSP arranged field visits and provided facts, figures, and resource persons for a journalist from The Nature working on an in-depth coverage of WSS and waste management in Jakarta, one of the world's megacities. Meanwhile, in conjunction with a regional ministerial meeting on MDGs in Jakarta, WSP collaborated with the regional news agency Antara to run an article on the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) as one of the options to help Indonesia meet the MDG target for sanitation.

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Media Outreach on MDG and Waterborne Diseases

CONTACT Yosa Yuliarsa

WSP-EAP, on July 15, presented a summary of the proposed Consensus Building Study at Study on Piped Water Services by SMEs in Small Towns of Lao PDR

an inception workshop discussing The Provision of Piped Water Services by Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Small Towns'. The workshop brought together sector stakeholders from the six towns that will take part in the study, task managed by the World Bank's Transport Sector Unit EASTR. WSP presented the topic on behalf of the technical team of the study, which will be undertaken by the Lao PDR Water Supply Authority (WASA) and funded by PPIAF. The study will focus on business planning, institutional reform, willingness to pay, and technical design and transaction documents. This study builds on the successful outcomes of the WASA-led study completed in June 2004 (funded by PPIAF and WSP on Consensus Building). Study deliverables are available online at www.wasa.gov.la.

|CONTACT Thomas R. Meadley

WSP and GTZ co-sponsored the second workshop on "Applying Best Practices through the President's Priority Program on Water" in Bohol Municipality on August 9-11. This workshop responded to the Philippine government's target of providing potable water to the entire country by 2010. Over 100 participants came from three regions with the highest number of waterless communities. Under the President's Program, the definition of waterless is "municipalities where only less than 50 percent of the population has access to improved, safe drinking water supply based on the 2000 census." Field notes developed by the Water and Sanitation Performance Enhancement Program, financed by AusAID, were distributed as reference materials during the workshop. In addition to initiating the president's program, the workshop also aimed to hold discussions with, and train, potential project participants on good practices in WSS implementation.

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Gearing Up for Water for All' by 2010 in the Philippines

CONTACT Leila Elvas

The World Bank's first investment supporting Vietnam's National Target Program for rural water supply and sanitation was successfully negotiated between IDA and the Government of Vietnam in June 2005. The IDA-financed Red River Delta RWSS Project was prepared by WSP-EAP, and the project preparation team was also led by WSP-EAP. The first phase of the adaptable program loan will comprise $45 million for selected districts in Ninh Binh, Hai Duong, Thai Binh, and Nam Dinh Provinces.

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Red River Delta RWSS Project Successfully Negotiated in Vietnam

CONTACT Richard W. Pollard

Latin

Since the Health Ministry of Peru launched the Handwashing Initiative on July 18, 2005, over 20 private institutions joined the HW Public Private Partnership in an attempt to strengthen communication efforts and effectively reach target audiences. More than 50 percent of diarrhea cases registered in Peru are caused by inappropriate health practices. Thanks to the behavioral study carried out by the HW Initiative, motivations and perceptions were identified. Now the two components of the communication program, mass media and direct contact communication, are being designed to trigger motivators for behavioral change. The national communication program will address eight million mothers, caregivers, and children around the country. Through a three-year program the goal is to double handwashing habits among mothers and children (from base line between 6 percent and 11 percent, respectively) and reduce diarrhea incidence by 20 percent in children younger than five years. Professionals belonging to a wide variety of fields and institutions Peace Corp volunteers, Scouts, salespeople from the cosmetic industry, primary school professors and health professionals are being involved as contact dissemination agents in an effort to build a national scale communication effort. The Handwashing Initiative in Peru is led by the Health Ministry, in partnership with SDC, the Water and Sanitation Program, USAID, and other private public partners.

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Handwashing Initiative: Communication Program On Air

CONTACT Rocio Florez

The PROPILAS pilot project started its fourth phase of implementation in the rural area ofCajamarca, Peru. This project is executed by CARE with from SDC and technical assistance from WSP. The fourth phase, operating within Peru's newly introduced decentralization framework, aims to strengthen capacities at different levels of government and civil society to achieve sustainable service management of water supply and sanitation. Activities will cover three provinces where 34 percent of the total Cajamarcan population lives, around 470,000 inhabitants. Nearly 15,000 families will directly benefit through the intervention. Within 36 months, PROPILAS is expected to provide support to regional and local governments in the design and implementation of policies oriented to investment sustainability, institutionalizing the accreditation of technicians and professionals specializing in water and sanitation. It will also strengthen capacities at different government levels and among civil society to assume their roles in the service administration. SDC's contribution for this phase amounts to $1.3 million.

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Rural Communities to Benefit from PROPILAS

financial support

CONTACT Oscar Castillo

On August 6, 2005, the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation in Peru made a modification of the bylaws of the General Water and Sanitation Services Law. Amongst

New General Water and Sanitation Services Law

other matters, a section was added considering small towns. The small towns' section incorporates the basic institutional arrangement and concepts of the Small Town Pilot Project being carried out with technical assistance from WSP-LAC and financial support from CIDA, such as inclusion of local small scale providers, municipal contract quality-tariff regulation, community oversight of service quality, and full cost recovering tariffs, among others. These modifications will influence the WSS service delivery in around 650 small towns that cover over 4.1 million inhabitants in Peru.

| CONTACT Jorge Luis McGregor

Municipalities participating in the Small Town Pilot Project (STPP) in Peru with the exception of Tuman that recently joined the initiative have adequately finished the promotion and empowerment phase. Citizens of these small towns (about 156,000 inhabitants) accepted the change of the service management model after a consultation project. The project, currently in its implementation phase, consists of establishing new rules for the service management to be in charge of a specialized operator. The challenge is now the selection process of the operator through a public call of bids. Of the nine municipalities, three have decided to work with a mix economy operator (joint venture between the municipality and a strategic local partner), the rest with local private operators. The alliance between the community, the municipality, and the operator is the backbone of the STPP's approach to providing sustainable water and sanitation services. The STPP is being implemented by the Vice Ministry of Construction and Sanitation with financial support from CIDA and WSP's technical assistance.

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Small Town Pilot Project in Progress

CONTACT Jorge Luis McGregor

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) launched an international workshop for water and sanitation projects that are being implemented in Africa and Latin America. The workshop titled Caring and Integrated Management for Sustained Water and Sanitation Services' (CIM) was held in Gersau and attended by 38 participants from Guatemala, El Salvador, Peru, Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Mozambique, Uganda, Cameroon, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines, and Switzerland. The objective of the workshop was to identify new approaches to improve service sustainability in rural communities and small towns. Four experiences were presented, among them the lessons from the PROPILAS pilot project implemented in Peru with SDC's financial support and WSP's technical assistance. The presentation focused on the project's contribution to the National Program for Rural Water Supply and Sanitation, , and highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of the community-based rural water committees. The other part of the workshop was dedicated to sharing advantages of the CIM concept, where various local actors influence and ensure the services' operation level.

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The CIM Approach

PRONASAR

CONTACT Oscar Castillo

WSP-LAC participated in a meeting of the Central American and Dominican Republic Water Supply and Sanitation Forum (FOCARD-APS), held in Belize on August 30-31, 2005. The meeting was attended by nearly 150 participants, including national water directors and water utility presidents from the region, as well as by the director of the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), representatives of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Central American Bank of Economic Integration and WSS experts. FOCARD-APS is a forum for WS sector coordination in the Central America region, consisting of agencies which are responsible for regulating the service delivery of water supply and sanitation in the member countries. FOCARD-APS has recently been established as a body of the Central American Integration System (SICA), which opens up new possibilities for the development of WSS in the region. The Belize meeting produced significant outcomes with regard to WSS. The participants agreed to commit themselves to institutional strengthening of WSS services in the region, better cooperation and information-sharing among the national authorities and donors, reducing the vulnerability of WSS services, and promoting public awareness on water, sanitation and hygiene related issues. WSP-LAC supported these commitments. A working group comprising SDC, PAHO/CEPIS, WSP-LAC and the Central American Regional Water and Sanitation Network (RRAS-CA) was approved and established at the meeting. The working group is preparing activities for the 4th World Water Forum, to be held in Mexico City in March 2006.

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WSP-LAC Participates in FOCARD-APS

CONTACT Rafael Vera

To better support the water and sanitation sector in Nicaragua in reaching MDGs, WSP-LAC is in the process of strengthening its institutional capacity by opening an office in the World Bank Resident Mission. A Country Coordinator to manage WSP activities will be hired; shortlisted candidates are currently being interviewed.

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New WSP Office in Nicaragua, Country Coordinator to be Selected

CONTACT Rafael Vera

In alliance with PAHO/CEPIS, WSP is promoting the use of low-cost condominial technology for sanitation at the request of the Social Investment Fund (FHIS), Honduras. WSP disseminated lessons learnt from the social component of the World Bank-financed project PAC-SEDAPAL in Lima, Peru. PAHO/CEPIS is providing assistance on technical

Dissemination of Low-Cost Technology for Water and Sanitation in Honduras

components of the condominial technology. On account of local interest and demand, a special presentation was prepared for the civil engineers' association, university faculty and students, as well as NGOs. The next step of this activity is the designing of a pilot; adjustments on the technical norms are expected to scale-up the use of this low-cost technology. For more information, see the WSP-LAC publication on alternative technologiesfor .

|water and sanitation supply in small towns

CONTACT Francois Brikke

South Asia

To strengthen regional coordination on sanitation, and particularly to support governments across the region to achieve their sanitation targets ahead of the MDGs, WSP fielded a regional mission to Bangladesh from August 6-12, 2005. The mission met with the Government of Bangladesh and development partners. It reviewed lessons learned to date from the Dishari project and other local sanitation initiatives, and shared experience from India's sanitation initiatives. Recommendations included ways to improve process documentation of the partnership to be part of a capacity building module of the Dishari project; development of baselines and monitoring indicators to capture behavior change, dissemination of the learning, processes, and innovations beyond the project areas to sector specialists. The team also discussed preparations for SACOSAN 2005. The mission team met with Mr. Mokleshur Rahman, Joint Secretary, and his team from the Local Government Division, Government of Bangladesh, representatives from WaterAid Bangladesh, Dishari Project staff, members of the Urban Sanitation Network, and representatives of Rajabari and Bormi Union Parishads of Sripur Upazilla, Gazipur district. A field visit was organised in Sripur Upazilla.

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Strengthening Regional Coordination on Sanitation

CONTACT wspsa@worldbank.org

The Dishari project started operations in four new sub-districts from August 2005. With this, the project now covers seven sub-districts with a population of over two million. Over the last six months, the Dishari project trained 21 union councils (local government bodies) in community mobilization. Special training on hygiene promotion was given to two union councils that have already attained total sanitation. In addition, workshops were held with children, adolescents, and youth groups to prepare them for promoting sanitation. Over 3,300 young people participated in these energizing exercises to become agents of change. Dishari is a joint project of WSP, Plan Bangladesh, WaterAid and Dhaka Ahsania Mission.

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Dishari Project Expands to New Areas

CONTACT Shafiul Azam Ahmed

WSP-SA provided cross-support to the second generation of the Community Infrastructure Project in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan, by participating in the Implementation Review Mission from August 29 to September 7, 2005. WSP-SA had assisted in the preparation of this $53 million Bank project and is now supporting its implementation by reviewing the institutional arrangements for implementation, technical aspects of the planned and under way community infrastructure, overall progress review, monitoring and evaluation arrangements of the project, social development, training and communications aspects of the project. This collaboration will benefit WSP-SA in implementing its main country program, including up-scaling its DI Khan Pilot and strengthening Tehsil Municipal Administrations.

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Support to Second NWFP Community Infrastructure Project

CONTACT Catherine Revels

Over the last year, WSP-SA has moved into a central role in the area of municipal waste management (MSW) in India. It has developed a set of partnerships at the national, state, as well as local and crosscutting levels. To deepen its support to these partners, a roadshow on solid waste management issues was organized by WSP-SA from July 11 to 20, 2005. The objectives of the roadshow were to (a) inform key partners on how, globally, governments have strengthened service delivery frameworks in SWM and addressed similar challenges; (b) build momentum within partners to address the institutional hurdles that hamper meeting the outcomes of 100 percent primary collection and safe disposal of waste; and (c) invigorate sector agencies and professionals with new ideas and options. A series of meetings and workshops with policymakers, and site visits in Delhi, Hyderabad, Trivandrum, Vijaywada and Bangalore, were organized to ensure that WSP's support was available to strengthen processes at the national, state, city and crosscutting levels. The roadshow was instrumental in making policymakers recognize the advantages of instituting regionalization, of working as groups of cities, for waste management, rather than doing it alone. Building on this advocacy campaign, WSP-SA plans to deepen its engagements with its partners, especially in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. to read the full story.

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Solid Waste Management Roadshow: Laying Strong Foundations

Click hereCONTACT Shubhagato Dasgupta

A draft strategy for rural sanitation, which emphasizes open defecation-free villages as its end objective, strategically uses community level incentives to reward sanitation outcomes

Subsidies Versus Behavior Change in Rural Sanitation: Skeptics to Believers

through community and local self-government participation, is to be presented for Cabinet approval shortly. The alternative strategy evolved at a workshop in Andhra Pradesh, organized by the state government, with support from WSP-SA and UNICEF, on August 29-30, 2005. The workshop was inaugurated by the Minister for Panchayati Raj and Rural Development. As part of this initiative, the Government with WSP support commissioned a study to assess the status of the water supply and sanitation sector in the state. This study has revealed that state has constructed 2.95 million toilets for poorer rural households by spending Rs 281.05 crores on sanitation promotion and construction subsidy over the last 3 years. Although substantial progress has been made in terms of visibility and latrine construction, only 50 percent of these latrines are used. Further, the present program did not make any significant impact on the better-off households, which constitute more than 60 percent of the population. Altogether, over 80 percent of the rural population in the state still continues to defecate in the open. Responding to this situation the Minister said that the program constructed toilets, but did not change behavior, and this statement set the tone for the rest of the workshop. The workshop had a positive outcome in changing the outlook and perception of the Government of Andhra Pradesh to the approach of tackling rural sanitation in the state. The brief note on the main principles and components of the strategy, as conceived at the workshop, was drafted by a team consisting of Government of Andhra Pradesh and WSP-SA as the basis for the draft strategy.

| CONTACT Soma Ghosh Moulik, Mariappa Kullappa

The Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India, is preparing to launch a new program to provide fiscal incentives to states and cities for reforming policies, institutions and operating practices in the delivery of urban services. The proposed program, called the National Urban Renewal Mission (NURM), is aimed at improving urban governance and ensuring access to reliable sustainable services. The Ministry approached WSP-SA to support its preparation for launching the program. To assess the prevailing state of governance and service delivery in urban India and the readiness and capacity at the city and state levels to implement the reforms envisaged under NURM, eight rapid city assessments were conducted by WSP. These studies also served the useful purpose of informing the development of approaches for strategic assessment in other cities. On June 23-24, 2005 the findings of the eight studies were presented at a technical workshop that included senior officials from the city, state and national levels, as part of the MoUD's wider process of developing the new NURM in consultation with key stakeholders. Proceedings of the workshop that capture the key messages, and highlight the salient aspects of the discussions around the city assessments, international case studies and groups reports from the city or state group discussions at the workshop, will be ready for dissemination shortly.

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Policies and Strategies for Improving Urban Services in Hyderabad, India

CONTACT Anup Wadhawan

Goa, in India, is a small state with characteristics that set it apart from the rest of the country, particularly in terms of development indicators. In line with the general development indicators, the water and sanitation sector in Goa is well in advance of the rest of the country. Yet there is widespread dissatisfaction amongst consumers over the functioning of the sector. This is attributed to poor sector management that cannot be alleviated by further supply-side interventions. The Government of Goa has been in discussion with WSP-SA regarding support for the water and sanitation sector and, subsequently, the Government of Goa has signed an MOU with WSP-SA for technical support and collaboration in the water and sanitation reforms. A sector status study identified key issues that need to be addressed and the Government of Goa decided to undertake an assessment of the institutional reform options that would guarantee the delivery of high quality water and sanitation service on a sustainable basis. The Government constituted an inter-departmental working group chaired by the Chief Secretary, Government of Goa, to analyze the options presented and prepare a set of recommendations on the nature of the institutional change suggested for the sector. WSP-SA has facilitated the process of developing institutional options for the water and sanitation sector.

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Water and Sanitation in Goa

CONTACT Mark Ellery

The Government of Kerala requested WSP-SA for technical support in it's water resources management. WSP-SA commissioned a three-month study conducted by an intern based in Trivandrum and hosted by the Kerala Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (KRWSA). The technical support to the Water Resources Department focused on two main areas: artificial recharge and hydrological information system. The main contributions on artificial recharge consisted in a review of measures undertaken across Kerala and the preparation of a term of reference for a study on their effectiveness. The main contributions to the hydrological information system consist of a diagnosis of its operations, and preparation of a concept note for setting up a data storage and analysis center in the state. The study was conducted in consultation with a broad range of stakeholders, like national agencies (Central Water Commission, Central Ground Water Board, India Meteorological Department), state departments and agencies (Irrigation and groundwater departments, KRWSA), research institutions (Centre for Water Resources Development and Management and NGOs.

Water resources management in Kerala

| CONTACT Karine Fourmond

Publications and Learning Resources

HQ

| Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Budget Support Guidelines for Task TeamsCONTACT info@wsp.org

Africa

. |

Kisima Newsletter, Issue No. 2. A sector newsletter focusing on regulating water services inKenyaCONTACT wspaf@worldbank.org

Latin America and the Caribbean2

|

Newsletter: Agua #19, Spanish

The Experience of Condominial Water and Sewerage Systems in Brazil: Case Studies from Brasilia, Salvador and ParauapebasCONTACT wspandean@worldbank.org

South Asia

|Managing Karachi's Water Supply and Sanitation Services: Lessons from a WorkshopCONTACT wspsa@worldbank.org

The Water Cooler - News from Our Partners

New Manager for Water Utilities Partnership (WUP) in AfricaMr. Babacar Dieng has taken over as the new General Manager for the Water Utilities Partnership (WUP) in Africa. Mr. Dieng, a Senegalese national, is a senior engineer with 29 years of extensive experience in the field of water and sanitation sector. He has also played a key role in reforming the water and sanitation sector in Senegal. Mr. Dennis Mwanza left to take on a new assignment elsewhere.

|CONTACT info@wupafrica.org

Main Findings of Study on Water and Sanitation Services in Peru

PresentedThe Ombudsman office in Lima, who is responsible for all private claims against governments' decision making bodies, presented the main results of a study on the water and sanitation services in Peru. Defernsoria del Pueblo (2005): "

. Informe defensorial N 94. It analyzed the access, quality and costs of the water and sanitation services and the current situation of the municipal water and sanitation enterprises that provide services in most of the urban areas of Peru. The study indicates that there are more than 3.5 million inhabitants that lack adequate water and sanitation services. The most relevant findings were that the majority of these enterprises are bankrupt due to, among others, the fact that the rates and tariffs are not cost-recovering; and that the subsidies are not adequately applied to benefit the poor.

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Ciudadanos sin Agua. Analisis de un Derecho Vulnerado"

CONTACT lmendoza@worldbank.org

New-Look WebpagesThe World Bank webpages on are now renewed. The new website explains how the World Bank supports countries to improve WSS access across countries and regions. The new site focuses on operations, and links knowledge and policy work to lending. The World Bank is the world's largest external financier of water supply and sanitation and is recognized as a lead agency in terms of sector knowledge and analytics. This web site provides information on what the Bank does in terms of strategy and policies, lending portfolio and knowledge and learning. It also presents the Bank's work by topic and by region. Comments and suggests are welcome at.

water supply and sanitation

whelpdesk@worldbank.org

New Instruments for Improving Governance, Performance and

Investments in the Water Sector under PPP schemesPublic Private Partnerships (PPP) for Water Supply and Sanitation are demanding ventures. To realize their potential, the associated social, political, economic, and regulatory processes have to be thoroughly analyzed and governed in order to develop sustainable structures. A new set of hands-on instruments Policy Principles and Implementation Guidelines shall support decisionmakers and practitioners engaging in water sector restructuring and PPP in achieving high governance standards throughout preparation, planning, and operation. The instruments are the result of a Swiss initiative that included extensive involvement of experts and stakeholders from the public and private sector as well as from civil society. The website features http://www.partnershipsforwater.net

information on the initiative, including electronic versions of the instruments.

4th World Water Forum (Organized by the World Water Council)March 16-22, 2006, Mexico City, Mexico

| CONTACT www.worldwaterforum4.org.mx

31st WEDC Conference: Maximizing the Benefits from Water

and Environmental SanitationOctober 31-November 4, 2005, Kampala, Uganda

|CONTACT wedc.conf@lboro.ac.uk

WSP in the News

Latin America and the Caribbean

To reduce digestive infections in the Peruvian population, the Health Ministry in partnership with SDC, WSP, and USAID has started the National Campaign to promote handwashing with soap. More than 50 percent of the registered diarrhea cases in Peru are due to inappropriate hygiene practices. (19/07/05, , page 6).

Launch of Handwashing Campaign

El Peruano

Events Calendar

AfricaEthiopia National Sanitation Protocol workshop November 1-3, 2005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Launch of the Ethiopia 2005/2006 WASH movement, and National Sanitation Forum and National Sanitation and Hygiene Award November 21, 2005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2006 Africities September 8-23, 2006, Nairobi, Kenya

|CONTACT wspaf@worldbank.org

Staff News

HQjoined WSP as part of his first nine-month rotation of the Young

Professionals Program. David is a Swiss Engineer, with field experience in the WSS sector in Syria, Niger, Senegal, and Saudi Arabia. He recently completed his masters at MIT in a dual program between the business and engineering schools with a thesis focused on risk management of WSS infrastructure. His main area of work during these nine months will be the coordination of the Development Marketplace event.

, Operations Analyst, Water and Sanitation Program moved to Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in October 2005, to open a WSP-Africa office and assume the duties of country coordinator. In his new duties, Nat will work to strengthen WSP's presence in Tanzania, support the government of Tanzania in the water and sanitation sector, and help bolster the overall sector coordination among the government's ministries and development partners. Nat joined WSP in the Washington, DC office in April 2002. Nat started as the Business Plan Coordinator, working to provide structure and cohesion to the business planning process. He helped WSP through coordinating the annual business cycle (including the business plan, mid- and end-year reviews) and donor meetings. Additionally, he helped oversee the Program's trust funds, support the Management Team's work, and managed the Sanitation Connection website ( ). Nat holds a Master's degree in Environmental Engineering from MIT and will be based in the World Bank's Dar es Salaam office. We wish Nat the very best in his new endeavors.

David Michaud

Nathaniel Paynter

www.sanicon.net

Africa has joined WSP-Africa in Uganda. He has been assigned to the President of

the African Ministers' Council on Waters' Support Unit. Working from Kampala, Patrick will support AMCOW WSS initiatives and, specifically, contribute to advocacy initiatives, progress tracking and information exchange to assist African countries develop, implement and monitor WSS MDG roadmaps. Patrick holds an MSc in Environmental Engineering and has 12 years' experience in the WSS sector. He has previously worked with the Rural Water and Sanitation Eastern Uganda (RUWASA) project and Uganda's Directorate of Water Development.

has joined the WSP-Africa Finance and Administration team in Nairobi, Kenya, as transactions processor. He holds a Bachelors degree in Commerce (Accounting option) from the University of Nairobi and a CPA (K) from Strathmore University. Maurice previously served as an accountant with Total Kenya Limited, and has experience in processing of payments to vendors and customer management.

has joined WSP-Africa as country coordinator in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). His main task is to establish WSP-Africa's presence in the DRC. He will

Patrick Okuni

Maurice Wanyama

Georges Kazad

work closely with the World Bank Country Office and other sector colleagues to develop a work plan to strengthen WSS sector coordination, support REGIDISO, a national utility (serving 94 cities and towns across DRC) in institutional reforms, and support local initiatives to strengthen WSS service provision as the country emerges from political and civil unrest. Georges was formerly the Permanent General Secretary of the DRC National Committee of Water and Sanitation (CNAEA), with the responsibility of coordinating the activities of private and public operators. Georges is a trained chemist and has 17 years of experience in a variety of capacities in the water sector.

, a Junior Professional Associate, leaves WSP-Africa's Urban team to pursue further studies at Columbia University in New York, USA. Shagun worked primarily on improving services to the urban poor in East Africa, and focused on unlocking the potential of small scale providers in the delivery of water services in informal settlements. He assisted the newly established Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company (Kiwasco) in Kenya to design an innovative water supply service expansion through contracted small-scale private operators. He worked on the project to showcase reforms that have benefited the poor in the three East African city utilities of Nairobi, Dar es Salaam and Kampala. He was involved with work to trace the impact trail of WSP, and the launch of the DFID funded domestic private sector project. Shagun also supported the formation of the first association of small scale water providers in Kibera informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya (Maji Bora Kibera) and helped establish their relationship with the Nairobi Water and Sewerage Company. In this regard, he contributed to a field note called

, part of the WSP-Africa series of publications on the theme of Serving the Urban Poor'.

completed a three-month studentship with WSP-Africa in-between her summer vacation as a master degree candidate at the Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs, New York. While based at the Nairobi office between June and August 2005, Amelia worked on a model for delegating to communities the management water supply services in informal settlement. Her case study was based on Nyalenda informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya's third largest city.

Shagun Mehrotra

Rogues No More? Water Kiosk Operators Achieve Credibility in Kibera

Amelia Chamberlain

East Asia and the Pacificjoined WSP-EAP as Senior Sanitation Specialist ETC. Since the mid-80s

she has worked on a range of sanitation programs in Africa and Asia for Governments, for private consulting companies, NGOs, and bilateral as well as multilateral agencies. Over the next few months she will be working with WSP-EAP's Government of Indonesia partners to mobilize and implement the Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP). In early 2006, when ISSDP is mobilized, she will move to a broader sanitation advisory role in WSP-EAP in addition to continuing a management function of ISSDP.

completed her assignment as Senior Institutional Development Specialist with WSP-EAP at the beginning of October and is currently consulting with the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management (PREM) unit of the World Bank Office, Jakarta. Janelle was instrumental in establishing the Dutch-financed water and sanitation trust fund for Indonesia and designing the Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP). Janelle also supported WSP's Africa team in developing their urban sector business plan, contributed to global work on corruption, led the preparation of the DFID-funded global domestic private sector initiative, and coordinated the launch of our urban global practice team. It has been a highly productive two years for Janelle. We are grateful for her inputs and wish her the best in the future.

Isabel Blackett

Janelle Plummer

Latin America and the Caribbeanjoined WSP-LAC as a Junior Professional Officer for the WSP-LAC

Communications Team in Lima, seconded by the Finnish Government. Katri, is a Finland national, and has worked in NGOs and public sector regarding development cooperation. Prior to working at WSP, she has worked as volunteer in the Peruvian countryside and in the department for development issues of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. As a member of the WSP-LAC Regional Communications Team in Lima, her main responsibilities are to assist the design and implementation of Communication Strategies and Action Plans at regional and local levels in support to WSP-LAC operations, as well as strengthen Knowledge Management activities for learning and knowledge sharing in the WSS sector at multi-level.

joined the WSP-LAC as a junior professional officer seconded by the government of Finland. He works in the position of Communications Officer at the WSP-LAC sub-regional office for Central America in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Mikko's main responsibilities will include devising and implementing communication strategies and action plans in Central American countries in tandem with the Regional Communications Strategy of WSP-LAC and acting as a focal point at the WSP-LAC office in Tegucigalpa for supporting the water and sanitation sector networks and committees in Central America. In addition, he will be responsible for the production process of a wide-range of knowledge products on relevant experiences documented by WSP. He will be also in charge of initiating and organizing activities in sector knowledge management and capacity strengthening in communication issues in Central America, in line with the WSP-LAC's

Katri Kontio

Mikko Vayrynen

Regional Communications Strategy. Before joining the WSP, Mikko was employed at the European Commission in Brussels.

South Asiahas joined the World Bank after spending two years at WSP-SA. During his

time with WSP, David worked with central and state governments to improve the fiscal and institutional incentives for improving water and sanitation service delivery to the poor. He was responsible for the management of the urban component of the WSP-SA India work program which provided upstream support to the development of the Delhi and Karnataka 24*7 pilots, the National Urban Renewal Mission (which bought together the URIF and CCF initiatives supported by WSP-SA), as well as several other important national and state initiatives in PPPs, voice and client power and the provision of services to the poor. David also provided essential support to the WSP-SA work programs in Bangladesh and Pakistan; the rural work program in India and filled the position of Regional Team Leader during a four month period when this position was vacant. David has joined the Social Development Unit of the World Bank in South Asia. He will work on strengthening local governance in the region, through enhancing community oversight of service delivery and reforming systems of intergovernmental relations. David will coordinate the Bank's work in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. He will be greatly missed by the WSP family, and we wish David success in his new assignment.

Sr. Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist completed his assignment with WSP in Islamabad in September 2005. During his assignment he contributed to the preparation of the team's business plan and made progress towards securing the next round of SDC funding. He embarked upon many activities including strengthening of TMAs with the National Reconstruction Bureau; assistance to Karachi Water and Sewerage Board (KWSB) in institutional reform; benchmarking with WASAs in the Punjab; and preparations for SACOSAN II with the Ministry of Environment. We are grateful for his inputs and wish him the best in the future.

joined WSP-SA, New Delhi, as a Junior Professional Officer from August 2005. Prior to taking up this assignment, Sara was an environmental engineer at a Municipality in Sweden, responsible for the management of various environmental issues, mainly within the solid waste sector but also in the field of energy, construction, control programs, and environmental risk assessments. Her responsibilities also included presentation of current issues to the political decision-makers and communication with the public. Prior to her last assignment, Sara carried out a study on the subject of rural water supply in Tanzania under a SIDA-financed project entitled HESAWA (Health through Sanitation and Water). She has also undertaken assignments at the local water treatment plant in Sucre, Bolivia, and with Swedish consulting and construction firms focusing on environmental issues. Sara holds a masters degree in Environmental Engineering from Lulea University of Technology in Sweden.

joined the India Country Team as a Team Assistant, from August, 2005. Sonia was an Accounts Executive in her previous organization. Prior to that she has worked with the Bank on short-term assignments in the Procurement Hub, External Affairs unit and the Visiting Missions Unit. Sonia is a graduate in Commerce from Delhi University and has cleared the Chartered Accountancy Intermediate level. During the course of her internship program, she has been a team member for conducting audits in various companies.

David Savage

Nadir Abbas,

Sara Almqvist

Sonia Joseph

Editorial Team

Chief Editor: Vandana Mehra Lead Editor: Jessica Strelitz

You received this ACCESS Newsletter because either you are a member of the Water and Sanitation Program community, have signed up for this newsletter, or a colleague has forwarded a copy to you. News items reported in ACCESS are intended to provide information of interest to professionals in the water and sanitation sector. News descriptions and links do not necessarily reflect the views and position of the Water and Sanitation Program. Some links in ACCESS are time-sensitive. If you have received this newsletter more than four weeks after its original publication date, some of the industry news links may have moved or have expired.

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